CN114583001A - Photovoltaic module and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114583001A CN114583001A CN202011383287.2A CN202011383287A CN114583001A CN 114583001 A CN114583001 A CN 114583001A CN 202011383287 A CN202011383287 A CN 202011383287A CN 114583001 A CN114583001 A CN 114583001A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
- H01L31/0508—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module the interconnection means having a particular shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
- H01L31/188—Apparatus specially adapted for automatic interconnection of solar cells in a module
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: s1, arranging a first interconnection structure and a fixing film on the front surface and the back surface of each battery piece to obtain a battery piece unit, wherein the fixing film is positioned on one side, far away from the battery pieces, of the first interconnection structure; and S2, connecting the first interconnection structural members of the battery sheet units to realize the electrical connection of the battery sheet units. According to the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, on one hand, a plurality of independent battery cell units can be respectively transported to the packaging line and then packaged, so that the first interconnection structural member is prevented from shifting in the transporting process, and the structure of the photovoltaic module such as a heterojunction module is more reliable; on the other hand, the displacement of the cell piece caused by the flowing of the packaging adhesive film in the laminating process can be avoided, and the structural stability of the photovoltaic module can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic manufacturing, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In the related art, a photovoltaic module such as a heterojunction module is usually packaged by fixing a solder ribbon on a cell sheet by a continuous film coating method to form a cell string. However, when the battery string is transported to the packaging line after the battery string is manufactured, since the solder ribbon and the battery piece are connected by only the fixing film, the connection force is weak, and the solder ribbon is likely to be displaced during the transportation of the battery string.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, which can avoid the first interconnection structure from shifting during handling.
The invention also aims to provide a photovoltaic module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module.
According to the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the method comprises the following steps: s1, arranging a first interconnection structure and a fixing film on the front surface and the back surface of each battery piece to obtain a battery piece unit, wherein the fixing film is positioned on one side, far away from the battery pieces, of the first interconnection structure; and S2, connecting the first interconnection structural members of the battery sheet units to realize the electrical connection of the battery sheet units.
According to the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, the first interconnection structural members and the fixing films are arranged on the front side and the back side of each battery piece to obtain the battery piece units, and the first interconnection structural members of the battery piece units are connected to realize the electric connection of the battery piece units, so that on one hand, the independent battery piece units can be respectively transported to a packaging line and then packaged, the first interconnection structural members are prevented from shifting in the transportation process, and the structure of the photovoltaic module such as a heterojunction module is more reliable; on the other hand, the displacement of the cell piece caused by the flowing of the packaging adhesive film in the laminating process can be avoided, and the structural stability of the photovoltaic module can be improved.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the battery cell has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first interconnection structure at the front surface of the battery cell protrudes through the first end of the battery cell, and the first interconnection structure at the back surface of the battery cell protrudes through the second end of the battery cell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first interconnect structure comprises a first interconnect structure section and a second interconnect structure section connected to each other along a length direction, the first interconnect structure section is provided on a front surface or a back surface of the cell sheet, the second interconnect structure section extends out of the corresponding first end or the second end of the cell sheet, and the second interconnect structure section is different from the first interconnect structure section in shape and/or size.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first interconnect structure segment has a circular or polygonal cross-sectional shape and the second interconnect structure segment has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first interconnect structure segment has a circular cross-sectional shape and a diameter d, wherein d satisfies: d is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the second interconnect structure segment is flat and has a thickness t1A length of the second interconnect structure segment in a length direction of the first interconnect structure segment is L, wherein t1And L respectively satisfy: t is not less than 0.05mm1≤0.5mm，0.5mm≤L≤5mm。
According to some embodiments of the present invention, step S1 specifically includes: placing the fixing film, the first interconnection structural member, the battery piece, the first interconnection structural member and the fixing film from bottom to top in sequence to obtain a prefabricated battery piece; heating the prefabricated battery piece to obtain the battery piece unit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the prefabricated battery is heatedHeating temperature of the sheet is T1Wherein, the T is1Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 60 DEG C1≤110℃。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the heating time for heating the prefabricated battery piece is t, wherein t satisfies: t is more than or equal to 0.5S and less than or equal to 50S.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, in each of the cell units, a width of the fixing film in a length direction of the first interconnection structure is smaller than a length of the cell in the length direction of the first interconnection structure.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, step S2 specifically includes: and S21, connecting a plurality of battery sheet units in series to obtain a battery string, wherein the first interconnection structural member on the front surface of one of two adjacent battery sheet units of the battery string is connected with the first interconnection structural member on the back surface of the other of the two adjacent battery sheet units.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first interconnection structures of two adjacent cell units of each cell string are in lap joint.
According to some embodiments of the invention, after step S21, the method further includes: and S22, connecting the first interconnection structural members at the same ends of the two adjacent battery strings in parallel through second interconnection structural members, wherein the second interconnection structural members are connected with the first interconnection structural members of the two adjacent battery strings at one of the front and back surfaces.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first interconnection structure of two adjacent cell units are welded, and the welding temperature of the first interconnection structure of two adjacent cell units is T2Wherein, the T is2Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 110 DEG C2≤160℃。
According to some embodiments of the invention, each of the first interconnecting structures comprises: a conductive base; the soldering tin layer covers at least one part of the outer surface of the conductive base body and consists of Sn and Bi; or the soldering tin layer consists of Sn and Ag; or the soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Bi and Ag; or the soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Bi and Pb; or the soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Pb and Ag.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the solder layer consists of Sn, Bi and Pb, the Bi content is 5% to 40%; when the soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Pb and Ag, the content of Ag is 1-40%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the solder layer has a melting point T3Wherein said T is3Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 110 DEG C3≤170℃。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the fixation film is t2Wherein said t is2Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 0.05mm2≤1mm。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fixing film is an EVA piece, a POE piece, a TPU piece, or a composite piece of EVA, PET, and PMMA.
According to the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the photovoltaic module is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of making a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first interconnect structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of first interconnecting structural members according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partial structural view of a battery cell unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a side view schematically illustrating the structure of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a plurality of cell units according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partial front view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic front view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic side view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100: a photovoltaic module;
1: a battery piece; 2: a first interconnecting structural member; 21: a first interconnect structure segment;
22: a second interconnect structure segment; 3: fixing the film; 4: a battery cell unit;
5: a battery string; 6: a second interconnecting structural member; 7: glass;
8: packaging a glue film on the front side; 9: packaging a glue film on the back; 10: a back plate.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, the embodiments described with reference to the drawings being illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
A method of making a photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-10. The method of fabricating the photovoltaic module 100 can be used to fabricate the photovoltaic module 100 such as a heterojunction (a special PN junction formed by two or more different thin films of semiconductor materials having different band gaps, which may be compounds such as gallium arsenide or semiconductor alloys such as silicon-germanium, deposited on the same substrate in sequence) module. In the following description of the present application, a method of fabricating a photovoltaic module 100 is described as an example of fabricating a heterojunction module. Of course, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the method of fabricating photovoltaic module 100 may also be used to fabricate other types of photovoltaic modules 100 and is not limited to heterojunction modules.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 7, a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes the following steps:
and S1, arranging a first interconnection structural member 2 and a fixing film 3 on the front surface and the back surface of each cell piece 1 to obtain a cell piece unit 4, wherein the fixing film 3 is positioned on the side, away from the cell piece 1, of the first interconnection structural member 2. In this step, the dimensions of the first interconnect structure 2 and the fixing film 3 may be matched to the dimensions of the corresponding battery sheet 1. For example, in the example of fig. 5, the length of the first interconnection structure 2 may be substantially equal to the length of the corresponding single cell piece 1 (for example, may be 50mm to 220mm), and the area of the fixing film 3 may be substantially equal to the area of the corresponding single cell piece 1 (for example, the width of the fixing film 3 may be 50mm to 220mm, and the length may be 50mm to 220 mm). Therefore, through the step, a plurality of independent battery slice units 4 can be obtained, when the photovoltaic module 100 such as a heterojunction module is manufactured, the plurality of independent battery slice units 4 can be respectively conveyed to a packaging line and then packaged, and compared with the existing mode of forming a battery string and then packaging, the method can avoid displacement in the conveying process, so that the structure of the photovoltaic module 100 such as the heterojunction module is more reliable.
S2, the first interconnection structures 2 of the plurality of cell sheet units 4 are connected to achieve electrical connection of the plurality of cell sheet units 4. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more. For example, when manufacturing the photovoltaic module 100, such as a heterojunction module, the plurality of cell units 4 may be first placed on the packaging adhesive film according to the circuit layout design of the heterojunction module, and then the first interconnection structure 2 of two adjacent cell units 4 may be connected to each other. Therefore, through the step S2, the two adjacent battery cell units 4 can be firmly connected, and the battery sheet 1 is prevented from being displaced due to the flowing of the packaging adhesive film in the laminating process.
According to the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module 100, the first interconnection structure member 2 and the fixing film 3 are arranged on the front surface and the back surface of each battery piece 1 to obtain the battery piece units 4, and the first interconnection structure members 2 of the battery piece units 4 are connected to realize the electrical connection of the battery piece units 4, so that on one hand, the independent battery piece units 4 can be respectively transported to a packaging line and then packaged, the first interconnection structure member 2 is prevented from shifting in the transportation process, and the structure of the photovoltaic module 100 such as a heterojunction module is more reliable; on the other hand, the displacement of the cell sheet 1 caused by the flowing of the packaging adhesive film in the lamination process can be avoided, and the structural stability of the photovoltaic module 100 can be improved.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 5 and 7, in step S1, the battery sheet 1 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first interconnection structure 2 located on the front surface of the battery sheet unit 4 extends out of the first end of the battery sheet 1, and the first interconnection structure 2 located on the back surface of the battery sheet unit 4 extends out of the second end of the battery sheet 1.
For example, two adjacent cell units 4 may be a first cell unit and a second cell unit, and a first end of the cell 1 of the first cell unit and a second end of the cell 1 of the second cell unit are opposite to each other. When the first interconnection structural members 2 of two adjacent cell units 4 are connected with each other, the first interconnection structural member 2 positioned on the front side of the first cell unit and the first interconnection structural member 2 positioned on the back side of the second cell unit are connected with each other, and the first interconnection structural member 2 positioned on the front side of the first cell unit extends out of the first end of the cell 1 of the first cell unit and the first interconnection structural member 2 positioned on the back side of the second cell unit extends out of the second end of the cell 1 of the second cell unit, so that the connection between the first interconnection structural member 2 of the first cell unit and the first interconnection structural member 2 of the second cell unit is convenient. From this, through the aforesaid setting, the one end that links to each other of the first interconnected structure piece 2 of two adjacent battery piece units 4 can stretch out the edge of the battery piece 1 that corresponds to can make the connection between two adjacent first interconnected structure pieces 2 more convenient, can reduce the processing degree of difficulty, effectively improve machining efficiency.
In other alternative embodiments of the present invention, the first interconnect structure 2 located on the front side of the cell unit 4 extends beyond the first end of the cell 1, and the first interconnect structure 2 located on the back side of the cell unit 4 does not extend beyond the second end of the cell 1; alternatively, the first interconnecting structural member 2 located on the front side of the cell unit 4 does not extend beyond the first end of the cell 1, and the first interconnecting structural member 2 located on the back side of the cell unit 4 extends beyond the second end of the cell 1. With the arrangement, the first interconnection structure member 2 of one of the two adjacent battery cell units 4 can extend out of the edge of the corresponding battery cell 1, when the first interconnection structure members 2 of the two adjacent battery cell units 4 are connected with each other, the operation is convenient, the processing time can be saved, the length of the first interconnection structure member 2 of one of the two adjacent battery cell units 4 can be shorter, and the material cost can be reduced.
Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the first interconnection structure 2 located on the front surface of the cell unit 4 may not protrude beyond the first end of the cell 1, and the first interconnection structure 2 located on the back surface of the cell unit 4 may not protrude beyond the second end of the cell 1.
For example, when the first interconnection structure members 2 on the front surface of the cell units 4 are flush with the first ends of the cells 1, and the first interconnection structure members 2 on the back surface of the cell units 4 are flush with the second ends of the cells 1, two adjacent cell units 4 may be butted to realize connection between two adjacent first interconnection structure members 2; when the first interconnection structure members 2 located on the front surfaces of the cell units 4 are spaced apart from the first ends of the cells 1, and/or the first interconnection structure members 2 located on the back surfaces of the cell units 4 are spaced apart from the second ends of the cells 1, the ends of the cells 1 of two adjacent cell units 4 may be overlapped to realize connection between two adjacent first interconnection structure members 2. Thus, with the above arrangement, the length of the first interconnection structure 2 of each cell unit 4 can be made short, so that cost can be effectively reduced. Moreover, more cells 1 can be placed per unit area, so that the power generation power and the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100, such as a heterojunction module, can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, 3, 5 and 7, the first interconnect structure 2 includes a first interconnect structure segment 21 and a second interconnect structure segment 22 connected to each other along a length direction, the first interconnect structure segment 21 is disposed on a front or a back surface of the battery piece 1, the second interconnect structure segment 22 extends out of a corresponding first or second end of the battery piece 1, and the second interconnect structure segment 22 is different from the first interconnect structure segment 21 in shape and/or size. For example, in conjunction with fig. 2 and 3, during processing, a roll of solder ribbon may first be cut to obtain a plurality of first interconnect structures 2, wherein each first interconnect structure 2 comprises a first interconnect structure segment 21 and a second interconnect structure segment 22. Therefore, by arranging the first interconnection structure section 21 and the second interconnection structure section 22 with different shapes and/or sizes, the connection part of the first interconnection structure section 21 and the second interconnection structure section 22 can be opposite to the corresponding first end or second end of the cell piece 1, so that when the first interconnection structure member 2 is connected with the cell piece 1, the processing efficiency is effectively improved, the consistency of the length of the first interconnection structure member 2 extending out of the cell piece 1 can be ensured, and the appearance aesthetic property of the photovoltaic module 100 such as a heterojunction module can be ensured.
Alternatively, with reference to fig. 2, 3 and 6, the first interconnecting structural section 21 is circular or polygonal in cross-sectional shape and the second interconnecting structural section 22 is rectangular in cross-sectional shape. For example, in the example of fig. 2 and 3, the width of the first interconnect structure segment 21 is less than the width of the second interconnect structure segment 22. Therefore, the cross section of the first interconnection structure section 21 is circular or polygonal, so that the shielding area of the cell 1 can be reduced, and the risk of hidden cracking of the cell 1 can be reduced; by providing the second interconnecting structural section 22 with a rectangular cross-sectional shape, the second interconnecting structural section 22 is relatively flat, has a relatively small thickness, and has relatively good weldability, thereby enabling a secure connection to an adjacent first interconnecting structural member 2.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the first interconnect structure segment 21 is circular, and the diameter of the first interconnect structure segment 21 is d, wherein d satisfies: d is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Specifically, for example, when d < 0.1mm, the diameter of the first interconnect structure segment 21 is too small, which may affect the connection reliability with the fixing film 3 and the battery sheet 1; when d > 0.5mm, the diameter of the first interconnect structure segment 21 is too large, which may increase the shielding area of the cell sheet 1 and affect the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. Thus, by making d satisfy: d is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 0.5mm, so that the shielding of the battery piece 1 can be reduced while the firm connection between the first interconnection structure section 21 and the battery piece 1 is ensured, and the cost is lower.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the second interconnect structure segment 22 is flat and the second interconnect structure segment 22 has a thickness t1The length of the second interconnect structure segment 22 in the length direction of the first interconnect structure segment 21 is L, where t1And L respectively satisfy: t is more than or equal to 0.05mm1Less than or equal to 0.5mm, and less than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. Here, the "flat shape" is understood to mean a flat and thin shape, and the dimension in the thickness direction is relatively small compared to the dimension in the width direction. Thereby, by making t1And L respectively satisfy: t is not less than 0.05mm1The thickness and the length of the second interconnection structure section 22 are reasonable, the firm connection between the second interconnection structure sections 22 of two adjacent first interconnection structure members 2 can be realized, and the displacement of the battery piece 1 caused by the flowing of the packaging adhesive film in the lamination process can be effectively avoided.
In some embodiments of the present invention, step S1 specifically includes:
the fixing film 3, the first interconnection structural member 2, the battery piece 1, the first interconnection structural member 2 and the fixing film 3 are sequentially placed from bottom to top to obtain a prefabricated battery piece. For example, in this step, the cut fixing film 3 may be first placed on a conveyor belt of a welding apparatus, then the first interconnection structure 2 cut to a suitable size is placed on the fixing film 3, and then the battery sheet 1 is placed with its back surface facing downward and the battery sheet 1 is placed on the first interconnection structure 2 and the fixing film 3, resulting in the structure shown in fig. 4. The cut first interconnect structure 2 is then placed on the front side of the cell sheet 1 as shown in fig. 4, and finally the fixing film 3 is placed on the front side of the cell sheet 1 provided with the first interconnect structure 2, to form a separate prefabricated cell sheet as shown in fig. 5.
The prefabricated battery sheet is heated to obtain a battery sheet unit 4. Thus, by heating the prefabricated battery sheet, the fixing film 3 may shrink at a certain temperature, so that the first interconnection structure 2 may be firmly fixed between the battery sheet 1 and the fixing film 3, effectively preventing the first interconnection structure 2 from being displaced during the handling of the battery sheet unit 4.
Optionally, the heating temperature for heating the prefabricated battery piece is T1Wherein, T1Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 60 DEG C1Less than or equal to 110 ℃. Specifically, for example, when T1When the temperature is lower than 60 ℃, the heating temperature for heating the prefabricated battery piece is too low, and the fixing film 3 can not shrink, so that the connection firmness between the first interconnection structural member 2 and the battery piece 1 is influenced; when T is1At > 110 c, the fixing film 3 may melt due to the excessive heating temperature for heating the pre-fabricated battery piece. Thereby, by making T1Satisfies the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 60 DEG C1The temperature is less than or equal to 110 ℃, the heating temperature for heating the prefabricated battery piece is proper, and the fixing film 3 can effectively shrink, so that the firm connection between the first interconnection structural member 2 and the battery piece 1 can be ensured, the first interconnection structural member 2 is prevented from shifting, and the fixing film 3 can be prevented from being melted.
Optionally, the heating time for heating the prefabricated battery piece is t, where t satisfies: t is more than or equal to 0.5S and less than or equal to 50S. For example, when t < 0.5S, the heating time for heating the prefabricated battery sheet is too short, the fixing film 3 may not be shrunk, thereby affecting the connection reliability between the first interconnection structure 2 and the battery sheet 1; when t > 50S, the preformed battery piece is heated for an excessively long time, which may melt the fixing film 3. Thus, by letting t satisfy: t is more than or equal to 0.5S and less than or equal to 50S, the heating time for heating the prefabricated battery piece is proper, and the fixing film 3 can effectively shrink, so that the first interconnection structural member 2 and the battery piece 1 can be firmly connected, and the fixing film 3 can be prevented from being melted.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, 5, and 7, in each cell unit 4, the width of the fixing film 3 in the length direction of the first interconnection structure 2 is smaller than the length of the cell sheet 1 in the length direction of the first interconnection structure 2. Thus, on the one hand, the fixing film 3 thus provided can reduce the cost while ensuring a secure connection between the first interconnection structure 2 and the cell sheet 1; on the other hand, the fixing film 3 can be prevented from affecting the electrical connection between the first interconnection structures 2 of the adjacent two cell units 4, so that the structure of the photovoltaic module 100, such as a heterojunction module, can be more reliable.
In some embodiments of the present invention, with reference to fig. 8, step S2 specifically includes: s21, connecting the plurality of cell sheet units 4 in series to obtain the cell string 5, wherein the first interconnection structure 2 of the front surface of one of the two adjacent cell sheet units 4 of the cell string 5 is connected with the first interconnection structure 2 of the back surface of the other of the two adjacent cell sheet units 4.
For example, in step S21, the individual cell units 4 may be first placed on the glass 7 provided with the front side encapsulant film 8 according to the circuit layout design of the heterojunction module, wherein the glass 7 may be tempered glass or semi-tempered glass with a thickness of 1.2mm to 4mm (inclusive), the front side encapsulant film 8 may be 0.1mm to 5mm (inclusive), and the front side encapsulant film 8 may be an EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), a POE (polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer), a TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, or thermoplastic polyurethane rubber) or the like. The first interconnecting structural members 2 of two adjacent cell units 4 in the same cell string 5 are then welded by a welding device. Thus, in step S21, the plurality of cells 1 in the same cell string 5 can be connected in series, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100, for example, a heterojunction module, can be improved.
Six battery strings 5 are shown in fig. 8 and 9 for illustrative purposes, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art after reading the technical solution of the present application that the solution can be applied to other numbers of battery strings 5, which also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, 7 and 8, the first interconnection structures 2 of the adjacent two cell units 4 of each cell string 5 are lap-joined. For example, in the example of fig. 4 and 7, the entire lower surface of the second interconnect structure segment 22 located at the front side of a cell sheet unit 4 is lap-joined to the entire upper surface of the second interconnect structure segment 22 located at the back side of an adjacent cell sheet unit 4. Thus, by overlapping the adjacent first interconnecting structural members 2, the connecting area of the adjacent two first interconnecting structural members 2 can be increased, so that the connection between the adjacent two first interconnecting structural members 2 is more secure.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, with reference to fig. 9, after step S21, the method further includes: and S22, connecting the first interconnection structural members 2 at the same ends of the two adjacent battery strings 5 in parallel through the second interconnection structural members 6, wherein the second interconnection structural members 6 are connected with the first interconnection structural members 2 of the two adjacent battery strings 5 at one of the front and back surfaces. Thus, by providing the second interconnecting structural member 6 as described above, the second interconnecting structural member 6 can collect the electric currents in the corresponding battery strings 5.
In some optional embodiments of the invention, the first interconnection structure members 2 of two adjacent cell units 4 are welded, and the welding temperature of the first interconnection structure members 2 of two adjacent cell units 4 is T2Wherein, T2Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 110 DEG C2Less than or equal to 160 ℃. With the arrangement, the welding temperature of the first interconnection structural members 2 of the two adjacent cell units 4 is reasonable, so that cold joint can be avoided, the low-temperature brittleness of the first interconnection structural members 2 can be reduced, and the reliability of the first interconnection structural members 2 can be improved.
Alternatively, when two adjacent first interconnect structures 2 are solder-connected, the size of the solder head of the soldering apparatus may be smaller than the area of the second interconnect structure section 22, so that the encapsulant film may be prevented from melting due to the solder head contacting the encapsulant film during soldering.
In some embodiments of the invention, each first interconnect structure 2 comprises a conductive base and a solder layer covering at least a portion of an outer surface of the conductive base. The conductive matrix can be a copper matrix, a copper-aluminum alloy matrix, a copper-silver alloy matrix or a copper-silver-aluminum alloy matrix and the like. But is not limited thereto.
Specifically, the solder layer may be composed of Sn (tin, a metal element having a silvery-white luster) and Bi (bismuth, an element of group VA 83 of the sixth period of the periodic table). Among these, Sn has a low melting point, is soft and ductile, and plays an important role in connection between the first interconnect structure 2 and the battery cell 1. The Bi element can reduce the melting point temperature of the soldering tin layer, so that the welding temperature of the first interconnection structural member 2 can be reduced, the yield of the battery piece 1 is improved, and the false soldering is avoided. And has no pollution and is environment-friendly.
Or the soldering tin layer can be composed of Sn and Ag (one of silver and transition metal, the physical and chemical properties are stable, the heat conduction performance and the electric conduction performance are good, and the soldering tin layer is soft and has high ductility). So set up, the soldering tin layer can have good electric conductive property to can collect the electric current that battery piece 1 produced through the photovoltaic effect better.
Further alternatively, the solder layer is composed of Sn, Bi, and Pb (lead, a metal chemical element having an atomic number of 82 and an atomic weight of 207.2, which is a non-radioactive element having the largest atomic weight). Therefore, the Pb is added into the soldering tin layer, so that the tension and the viscosity of the surface of the soldering tin layer can be reduced, the soldering tin layer has better wettability, and the thermal stress generated by temperature change can be well absorbed.
Of course, the invention is not limited thereto, but the solder layer may also consist of Sn, Bi and Ag or Sn, Pb and Ag. Therefore, when the soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Bi and Ag, the soldering tin layer has better conductivity and can reduce the melting point temperature of the soldering tin layer; when the soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Pb and Ag, the soldering tin layer also has better conductivity and better wettability.
Further, when the solder layer is composed of Sn, Bi, and Pb, the content of Bi is 5% to 40% (inclusive). Thus, the melting point of the solder layer can be reduced, and the low-temperature brittleness and the oxidation can be prevented.
When the solder layer is composed of Sn, Pb and Ag, the content of Ag is 1% to 40% (inclusive). Like this, on the one hand, can guarantee that the soldering tin layer has better electric conductive property, on the other hand, can reduce the cost on soldering tin layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the solder layer has a melting point T3Wherein T is3Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 110 DEG C3Is less than or equal to 170 ℃. Specifically, for example, when T3When the temperature is less than 110 ℃, the melting point temperature of the soldering tin layer is too low, and the brittleness is higher, so that the reliability of the first interconnection structural part 2 is lower; when T is3Above 170 c, the melting temperature of the solder layer is too high, which results in a higher soldering temperature of the first interconnection structure 2, which may result in a higher defective rate of the battery plate 1 and may cause a cold joint. Thereby, by making T3Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 110 DEG C3170 ℃ is less than or equal to, the melting point temperature on soldering tin layer is comparatively reasonable, and the soldering tin layer is the low temperature soldering tin layer to can improve the yield of cell 1, avoid producing the rosin joint, and can reduce low temperature fragility, improve the reliability of first interconnection structure 2.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the fixation membrane 3 is t2Wherein t is2Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 0.05mm2Less than or equal to 1 mm. For example, when t2When the thickness of the fixing film 3 is less than 0.05mm, the thickness of the fixing film is too small, so that the strength is too low, the first interconnection structural part 2 and the battery piece 1 cannot be firmly connected, the first interconnection structural part is easy to damage, and the reliability is low; when t is2At > 1mm, the thickness of the fixing film 3 is too large, which may result in too low light transmittance, which may reduce the output power of the photovoltaic module 100, such as a heterojunction module. Thereby, by making t2Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 0.05mm2Less than or equal to 1mm, the first interconnection structure member 2 and the battery plate 1 can be firmly connected, and meanwhile, the battery plate 1 can be ensured to have higher current collection efficiency, and the photovoltaic module 100 such as a heterojunction module is ensured to have higher output power.
Alternatively, the fixing film 3 may be a thermosetting adhesive film, and may be, for example, an EVA piece, a POE piece, a TPU piece, or the like. Alternatively, the fixing film 3 may be a composite film of a thermosetting adhesive film and other transparent polymer materials, for example, a composite of EVA, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) (for example, a composite of EVA and PET, or a composite of EVA and PMMA). But is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after step S22, the method further includes:
and S3, laminating. Specifically, in conjunction with fig. 9 and 10, first, the back-side encapsulant film 9 and the back sheet 10 are sequentially placed on the cell unit 4, and at this time, the photovoltaic module 100 is sequentially, from top to bottom, the glass 7, the front-side encapsulant film 8, the plurality of cell strings 5, the back-side encapsulant film 9, and the back sheet 10, so as to complete the pre-lamination preparation work of the photovoltaic module 100, for example, a heterojunction module. The back surface encapsulation adhesive film 9 may be an EVA piece, a POE piece, or a TPU piece, and the back sheet 10 may be a fluorine-containing back sheet such as a KPF back sheet, a KPE back sheet, a TPT back sheet, or a TPE back sheet, or a fluorine-free back sheet such as a PPE back sheet, or a tempered glass or a semi-tempered glass with a thickness of 1.2mm to 4mm (including end points).
And then, after vacuumizing and hot laminating the laminated five-layer structure comprising the glass 7, the front packaging adhesive film 8, the plurality of battery strings 5, the back packaging adhesive film 9 and the back plate 10, the front packaging adhesive film 8 and the back packaging adhesive film 9 are crosslinked and cured to protect the plurality of battery strings 5, and finally, the firm bonding of the five-layer structure (namely the glass 7, the front packaging adhesive film 8, the plurality of battery strings 5, the back packaging adhesive film 9 and the back plate 10) is realized. Wherein the lamination temperature can be from 140 ℃ to 170 ℃ (inclusive), the lamination time can be from 5 minutes to 25 minutes (inclusive),
s4, a mounting frame and a junction box. For example, an aluminum alloy frame and a junction box may be mounted and then sealed with silicone, thereby completing the fabrication of the photovoltaic module 100, such as a heterojunction module.
The photovoltaic module 100 according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, for example, a heterojunction module, is manufactured by the method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module 100 according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
According to the photovoltaic module 100, such as a heterojunction module, provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module 100, the first interconnection structural member 2, such as a solder strip, can be prevented from shifting during the transportation process, so that the structure of the photovoltaic module 100, such as the heterojunction module, is more reliable, the cell 1 can be prevented from shifting due to the flowing of an encapsulation adhesive film during the lamination process, and the structural stability of the photovoltaic module 100 can be improved.
Other constructions and operations of photovoltaic modules 100, such as heterojunction modules, according to embodiments of the invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, "the first feature" and "the second feature" may include one or more of the features.
In the description of the present invention, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features being in contact with each other not directly but through another feature therebetween.
In the description of the invention, "above", "over" and "above" a first feature in a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (20)
1. A manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging a first interconnection structure and a fixing film on the front surface and the back surface of each battery piece to obtain a battery piece unit, wherein the fixing film is positioned on one side, far away from the battery pieces, of the first interconnection structure;
and S2, connecting the first interconnection structural members of the battery sheet units to realize the electrical connection of the battery sheet units.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1,
the cell piece has first end and second end relative to each other, and the first interconnect structure that is located the front of cell piece unit stretches out the first end of cell piece, and the first interconnect structure that is located the back of cell piece unit stretches out the second end of cell piece.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first interconnect structure comprises a first interconnect structure segment and a second interconnect structure segment connected to each other along a length direction, the first interconnect structure segment is disposed on a front surface or a back surface of the cell sheet, the second interconnect structure segment extends out of the corresponding first end or the second end of the cell sheet, and the second interconnect structure segment is different from the first interconnect structure segment in shape and/or size.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first interconnect structure segment has a circular or polygonal cross-sectional shape and the second interconnect structure segment has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the first interconnect structure segment has a circular cross-sectional shape and a diameter d, wherein d satisfies: d is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the second interconnect structure segment is flat and has a thickness t1A length of the second interconnect structure segment in a length direction of the first interconnect structure segment is L, wherein t1And L respectively satisfy: t is not less than 0.05mm1≤0.5mm，0.5mm≤L≤5mm。
7. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically includes:
placing the fixing film, the first interconnection structural member, the battery piece, the first interconnection structural member and the fixing film from bottom to top in sequence to obtain a prefabricated battery piece;
heating the prefabricated battery piece to obtain the battery piece unit.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the preformed cell sheet is heated to a temperature T1Wherein, the T is1Satisfies the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 60 DEG C1≤110℃。
9. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, wherein the heating time for heating the prefabricated battery piece is t, wherein t satisfies: t is more than or equal to 0.5S and less than or equal to 50S.
10. The method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein in each of the cell units, a width of the fixing film in a length direction of the first interconnection structure is smaller than a length of the cell in the length direction of the first interconnection structure.
11. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically includes:
s21, connecting a plurality of battery slice units in series to obtain a battery string,
the first interconnection structure on the front surface of one of the two adjacent cell units of the cell string is connected with the first interconnection structure on the back surface of the other of the two adjacent cell units.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first interconnecting structures of two adjacent cell units of each cell string are lap joined.
13. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 11, wherein after the step S21, the method further comprises: s22, connecting the first interconnection structural members at the same ends of two adjacent battery strings in parallel through a second interconnection structural member,
the second interconnection structure is connected to the first interconnection structure of one of the front and back surfaces of two adjacent cell strings.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the first interconnection structures of two adjacent cell units are welded together, and the welding temperature of the first interconnection structures of two adjacent cell units is T2Wherein, the T is2Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 110 DEG C2≤160℃。
15. The method of making a photovoltaic module according to any of claims 1-14, wherein each of the first interconnecting structures comprises:
a conductive base;
a solder layer covering at least a portion of an outer surface of the conductive base,
the soldering tin layer consists of Sn and Bi; or
The soldering tin layer consists of Sn and Ag; or
The soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Bi and Ag; or
The soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Bi and Pb; or
The soldering tin layer is composed of Sn, Pb and Ag.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein when the solder layer is composed of Sn, Bi, and Pb, the Bi content is 5% to 40%;
when the soldering tin layer consists of Sn, Pb and Ag, the content of Ag is 1-40%.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the solder layer has a melting point T3Wherein said T is3Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 110 DEG C3≤170℃。
18. Method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said fixing film has a thickness t2Wherein said t is2Satisfies the following conditions: t is not less than 0.05mm2≤1mm。
19. The method of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the fixing film is an EVA, POE, TPU, or composite of EVA, PET and PMMA.
20. A photovoltaic module produced by the method for producing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 19.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115050850A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-13 | 晶澳(扬州)新能源有限公司 | Battery string, photovoltaic module and preparation method |
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