CN114578351A - Radar, and radar side lobe suppression method and system - Google Patents

Radar, and radar side lobe suppression method and system Download PDF

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CN114578351A
CN114578351A CN202210205966.3A CN202210205966A CN114578351A CN 114578351 A CN114578351 A CN 114578351A CN 202210205966 A CN202210205966 A CN 202210205966A CN 114578351 A CN114578351 A CN 114578351A
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clustering
radar
image
sidelobe suppression
signal
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CN114578351B (en
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李金龙
王臣
鲁秋子
张方冰
刘占宇
李娇
文靖
曲鸣川
郭佳蓓
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Beijing Urban Construction Design and Development Group Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/418—Theoretical aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a radar, a radar side lobe suppression method and a radar side lobe suppression system, wherein the radar side lobe suppression method comprises the following steps: filtering an echo signal of the radar to obtain a filtered signal image; segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image; clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images; constructing a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image; and optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function to obtain the clustered sidelobe suppression image. The clustered sidelobe suppression image is obtained by optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function, so that the influence of sidelobe interference on radar imaging can be greatly reduced.

Description

Radar, and radar side lobe suppression method and system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar imaging, and particularly relates to a radar, a radar side lobe suppression method and a radar side lobe suppression system.
Background
The radar imaging technology can realize the acquisition of the scattering coefficient distribution of a target area by transmitting and receiving microwave signals, is less restricted by the environment, and is widely applied to the fields of weather, aerospace, transportation and the like. The resolution of the radar image directly concerns the extraction precision of the target characteristic information. Generally speaking, the higher the image resolution, the more beneficial the subsequent target detection, recognition, etc. Therefore, high resolution has been an urgent need in the development of radar imaging technology.
The existing radar imaging technology still has many defects, for example, the existing radar imaging technology mostly has the problem of high side lobe, which is easy to cause the side lobe of strong target response to interfere or cover the main lobe of a nearby weak target, so that the quality of the imaged image is reduced; meanwhile, most of the existing radar imaging technologies cannot provide different output signals for the wavelengths of different targets, so that scanning cannot be completed at one time when large-volume targets are scanned, and sidelobe interference is serious when small-volume targets are scanned.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a radar, a radar side lobe suppression method and a radar side lobe suppression system, and aims to solve the problem of low imaging quality of an existing radar system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a radar sidelobe suppression method comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring an echo signal of a radar;
step 2: filtering the echo signal to obtain a filtered signal image;
and step 3: segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image;
and 4, step 4: clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images;
and 5: constructing a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image;
step 6: and optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function to obtain a clustered sidelobe suppression image.
Preferably, the filtered signal image is:
Figure BDA0003522821930000021
where y represents the filtered signal image, h is the target echo amplitude, c is the optical constant,
Figure BDA0003522821930000022
fsfor an oversampling rate, aNFor steering the echo signals, aMFor the steering of the output signal, j is the noise vector.
Preferably, the step 4: clustering the segmented signal image to obtain a sidelobe suppression image, comprising:
the formula is adopted:
Figure BDA0003522821930000023
clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images; wherein, AkRepresenting an equilibrium operator, BkRepresenting a clustering weighted image formula, y representing a sidelobe suppression weighting window parameter, K representing a fuzzy clustering subspace center point pixel, K representing a fuzzy clustering subspace length,
Figure BDA0003522821930000024
fsis the over-sampling rate;
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003522821930000025
k is the length of the fuzzy clustering subspace, y is any point pixel in the fuzzy clustering subspace,
Figure BDA0003522821930000026
in order to blur the gray level characteristics in the cluster subspace,
Figure BDA0003522821930000027
for the fuzzy clustering subspace distance property, I is the gray value.
Preferably, the clustering function is:
Figure BDA0003522821930000028
wherein P is the number of clustering spaces, IHIs the number of pixels, H is the gray level, N is the number of echo signals,
Figure BDA0003522821930000031
is a membership function based on Z +1,
Figure BDA0003522821930000032
is the image block clustering center.
The invention also provides a radar sidelobe suppression system, comprising:
the echo signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an echo signal of the radar;
the filtering module is used for filtering the echo signal to obtain a filtered signal image;
the image segmentation module is used for segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image;
the clustering module is used for clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images;
the clustering function building module is used for building a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image;
and the clustering optimization module is used for optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function to obtain a clustered sidelobe suppression image.
The invention also provides a radar based on the radar side lobe suppression method, and the radar comprises the following steps:
an output array comprising a plurality of probes for emitting output signals;
and the receiving array comprises a plurality of receiving units, and the receiving units correspond to the probes one to one and are used for receiving echo signals.
Preferably, the probe comprises:
the device comprises a shell, a fixed seat is arranged in the shell, and a shaft lever penetrates through the fixed seat;
the rotating seat is connected with the shaft rod and arranged on the fixed seat;
and one end of the crystal fixing seat is connected with the rotating seat in a sliding manner, and the other end of the crystal fixing seat is provided with a piezoelectric crystal.
Preferably, the rotating seat is provided with a sliding groove, and one end of the crystal fixing seat is in sliding contact with the sliding groove.
Preferably, a rotating clip is arranged on the outer side of the shaft rod and embedded in a rotating groove at one end of the crystal fixing seat.
Preferably, a pressure spring is further arranged in the rotating groove; one end of the pressure spring is in contact with the rotating groove, and the other end of the pressure spring is in contact with the rotating clip.
The invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a bus, a transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the transceiver, the memory, and the processor are connected via the bus, and the computer program implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for suppressing radar sidelobes when executed by the processor.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for radar sidelobe suppression as described above.
The radar, the radar side lobe suppression method and the radar side lobe suppression system provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the radar sidelobe suppression method comprises the following steps: filtering an echo signal of the radar to obtain a filtered signal image; segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image; clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images; constructing a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image; and optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function to obtain the clustered sidelobe suppression image. The clustered sidelobe suppression image is obtained by optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function, so that the influence of sidelobe interference on radar imaging can be greatly reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a radar sidelobe suppression method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radar sidelobe suppression method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radar structure provided in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the probe provided by the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
the device comprises an output array-1, a receiving array-2, a probe-3, a shell-31, a shaft rod-32, a fixed seat-33, a rotating seat-34, a piezoelectric crystal-35, a separation plate-36, a crystal fixed seat-37, a rotating groove-38, a rotating clip-39 and a pressure spring-30.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention aims to provide a radar, a radar side lobe suppression method and a radar side lobe suppression system, and aims to solve the problem of low imaging quality of an existing radar system.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a method for suppressing a side lobe of a radar includes the following steps:
step 1: acquiring an echo signal of a radar;
in practical application, an output array of the radar is utilized to transmit M output signals to a target, a receiving array obtains N echo signals, the vector of the echo signals is x,
Figure BDA0003522821930000051
where h is the target echo amplitude, aNFor steering the echo signals, aMFor directing the output signal, (.)TFor the transposition of the matrix, s is the quadrature output signal of the echo signal vector x, and s ═ s1，…，sM]TAnd i is a received noise vector of the echo signal vector x.
Step 2: filtering the echo signal to obtain a filtered signal image; wherein the filtered signal image is:
Figure BDA0003522821930000052
where y represents the filtered signal image, h is the target echo amplitude, aNFor steering the echo signals, aMFor the steering of the output signal, j is the noise vector, c is the optical constant,
Figure BDA0003522821930000053
fsis the over-sampling rate.
And step 3: segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image;
and 4, step 4: clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images;
further, step 4 comprises:
the formula is adopted:
Figure BDA0003522821930000061
obtaining a side lobe suppression image z by using a generalized fuzzy C-means clustering method for the segmented signal image; wherein A iskRepresenting an equilibrium operator, BkRepresenting a clustering weighted image formula, y represents a sidelobe suppression weighting window parameter, ymaxRepresents the maximum value of the sidelobe suppression weighting window parameter, K represents the pixel of the central point of the fuzzy clustering subspace, K represents the length of the fuzzy clustering subspace,
Figure BDA0003522821930000062
fsis the over-sampling rate, wherein,
Figure BDA0003522821930000063
k is the length of the fuzzy clustering subspace, y is any point pixel in the fuzzy clustering subspace,
Figure BDA0003522821930000064
in order to blur the gray characteristics in the cluster subspace,
Figure BDA0003522821930000065
for the fuzzy clustering subspace distance property, I is the gray value.
And 5: constructing a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image;
in the present invention, the clustering center is:
Figure BDA0003522821930000066
wherein ,IHIs the number of pixels, H is the gray level, N is the number of echo signals, DkAs a function of membership, Z is the sidelobe suppression image.
The membership function is:
Figure BDA0003522821930000067
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003522821930000068
and H represents a clustering center, H represents a gray level, k represents a central point pixel of a fuzzy clustering subspace, P represents the number of clustering spaces, and Z represents a sidelobe suppression image.
The clustering function is:
Figure BDA0003522821930000071
wherein P is the number of clustering spaces, IHIs the number of pixels, H is the gray level,
Figure BDA0003522821930000072
is a membership function based on Z +1,
Figure BDA0003522821930000073
is a class center.
Step 6: and optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using a clustering function to obtain a clustered sidelobe suppression image.
Specifically, when | | | Ek+1-EkAnd (5) outputting a clustered side lobe suppression image z if | is less than or equal to J, otherwise, enabling k to be k +1, and circulating to the step 4. Wherein J is a termination parameter and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
The invention utilizes the side lobe trend difference information generated by the deformation of the spatial frequency spectrum supporting area to carry out radar imaging side lobe suppression, can greatly improve the radar imaging quality, and solves the problems of high side lobe and limited resolution of an imaging system.
The radar sidelobe suppression method of the present invention can also be implemented by using a corresponding system, which is further described below:
the invention provides a radar sidelobe suppression system, which comprises:
the echo signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an echo signal of the radar;
the filtering module is used for filtering the echo signal to obtain a filtered signal image;
the image segmentation module is used for segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image;
the clustering module is used for clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images;
the clustering function building module is used for building a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image;
and the clustering optimization module is used for optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using a clustering function to obtain a clustered sidelobe suppression image.
Compared with the prior art, the radar sidelobe suppression system provided by the invention has the same beneficial effect as the radar sidelobe suppression method, and the details are not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 3-5, the present invention also provides a radar, including:
an output array 1 comprising a plurality of probes 3 for emitting output signals; and the receiving array 2 comprises a plurality of receiving units, and the receiving units correspond to the probes 3 one to one and are used for receiving echo signals. Further, in the present embodiment, the probes 3 are arranged linearly; one side of the output array 1 is provided with a receiving array 2, and the receiving array 2 and the probe 3 are arranged at intervals.
As another specific embodiment of the present invention, the probe 3 includes: the device comprises a shell 31, a shaft rod 32, a fixed seat 33, a rotating seat 34, a piezoelectric crystal 35 and an isolation plate 36.
A fixed seat 33 is arranged in the shell 31, a shaft lever 32 penetrates through the fixed seat 33, and the shaft lever 32 penetrates through two sides of the shell 31; a rotating seat 34 is arranged on the shaft rod 32, the rotating seat 34 is arranged on the fixed seat 33, the rotating seat 34 is matched with the fixed seat 33, a piezoelectric crystal 35 is arranged on the rotating seat 34, and a plurality of piezoelectric crystals 35 are arranged; the housing 31 is provided with a spacer 36, and the spacer 36 protects the piezoelectric crystal 35.
In this embodiment, the probe 3 further includes a crystal holder 37, a rotation groove 38, a rotation clip 39, and a pressure spring 30.
A sliding groove is formed in the rotating seat 34, a crystal fixing seat 37 is arranged in the sliding groove, one end of the crystal fixing seat 37 is in sliding contact with the sliding groove, and a piezoelectric crystal 35 is arranged at the other end of the crystal fixing seat 37; one end of the crystal fixing seat 37, which is far away from the piezoelectric crystal 35, is provided with a rotating groove 38; the outer side of the shaft lever 32 is provided with a rotating clip 39, and the rotating clip 39 is embedded in the rotating groove 38; the end of the rotation catch 39 remote from the shaft 32 is provided with a pressure spring 30, one end of the pressure spring 30 presses the rotation catch 39, and the other end of the pressure spring 30 presses the rotation groove 38.
The distance between the probes can be adjusted through the shaft lever 32, and the size of each piezoelectric crystal can be changed by opening the isolation plate 36, so that the crystal distance and the crystal size can be adjusted, therefore, when the radar faces a large-volume target, the large-distance and large-size crystals can be selected, a larger scanning range can be obtained, and the imaging precision of the large-volume target can be improved; when facing a small-volume target, the small-space and small-size crystals are selected to reduce the influence of side lobes on the imaging of the small-volume target, so that the imaging quality of the small-volume target is greatly improved.
The radar, the radar side lobe suppression method and the radar side lobe suppression system have the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the large-space and large-size crystals are selected when the large-volume target is faced, the larger scanning range can be obtained, the imaging precision of the large-volume target is improved, the small-space and small-size crystals are selected when the small-volume target is faced, the influence of side lobes on the imaging of the small-volume target can be reduced, then the clustering function is used for optimizing the side lobe suppression image to obtain the clustered side lobe suppression image, the influence of side lobe interference on radar imaging can be further reduced, and the resolution of the imaged image is greatly improved.
The invention further provides an electronic device, which comprises a bus, a transceiver, a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the transceiver, the memory and the processor are connected through the bus, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processes of the radar side lobe suppression method embodiment are realized, the same technical effect can be achieved, and the repeated description is omitted for avoiding the repetition.
The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in the radar side lobe suppression method, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the processes of the radar side lobe suppression method, and the same technical effects can be achieved, and are not repeated herein to avoid repetition.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A radar sidelobe suppression method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring an echo signal of a radar;
step 2: filtering the echo signal to obtain a filtered signal image;
and step 3: segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image;
and 4, step 4: clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images;
and 5: constructing a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image;
step 6: and optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function to obtain a clustered sidelobe suppression image.
2. The radar sidelobe suppression method according to claim 1, wherein the filtered signal image is:
Figure FDA0003522821920000011
where y represents the filtered signal image, h is the target echo amplitude, c is the optical constant,
Figure FDA0003522821920000012
for an oversampling rate, aNFor steering the echo signals, aMFor the steering of the output signal, j is the noise vector.
3. The radar sidelobe suppression method according to claim 1, wherein said step 4: clustering the segmented signal images to obtain a sidelobe suppression image, wherein the clustering comprises the following steps:
the formula is adopted:
Figure FDA0003522821920000013
clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images; wherein A iskRepresenting the balance operator, BkRepresenting a cluster-weighted image formula, y representing a sidelobe suppression weighting window parameter, K representing a fuzzy clustering subspace center point pixel, K representing a fuzzy clustering subspace length, wherein,
Figure FDA0003522821920000014
fsis the over-sampling rate;
wherein ,
Figure FDA0003522821920000021
k is the length of the fuzzy clustering subspace, y is any point pixel in the fuzzy clustering subspace,
Figure FDA0003522821920000022
in order to blur the gray level characteristics in the cluster subspace,
Figure FDA0003522821920000023
for the fuzzy clustering subspace distance property, I is the gray value.
4. A radar sidelobe suppression method according to claim 3, characterized in that the clustering function is:
Figure FDA0003522821920000024
wherein P is the number of clustering spaces, IHIs the number of pixels, H is the gray level, N is the number of echo signals, DkIs a function of the degree of membership,
Figure FDA0003522821920000025
and the center is the clustering center of the image block.
5. A radar sidelobe suppression system, comprising:
the echo signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an echo signal of the radar;
the filtering module is used for filtering the echo signal to obtain a filtered signal image;
the image segmentation module is used for segmenting the filtered signal image to obtain a segmented signal image;
the clustering module is used for clustering the segmented signal images to obtain side lobe suppression images;
the clustering function building module is used for building a clustering function according to the clustering center and the membership function of the sidelobe suppression image;
and the clustering optimization module is used for optimizing the sidelobe suppression image by using the clustering function to obtain a clustered sidelobe suppression image.
6. A radar, comprising:
an output array comprising a plurality of probes for emitting output signals;
and the receiving array comprises a plurality of receiving units, and the receiving units correspond to the probes one to one and are used for receiving echo signals.
7. A radar as recited in claim 6, wherein said probe comprises:
the device comprises a shell, a fixed seat is arranged in the shell, and a shaft lever penetrates through the fixed seat;
the rotating seat is connected with the shaft rod and arranged on the fixed seat;
and one end of the crystal fixing seat is connected with the rotating seat in a sliding manner, and the other end of the crystal fixing seat is provided with a piezoelectric crystal.
8. The radar of claim 7 wherein said rotary mount defines a slot, one end of said crystal mount being in sliding contact with said slot.
9. The radar of claim 8 wherein the shaft is provided with a rotating catch on the outside thereof, the rotating catch engaging in a rotating slot at one end of the crystal holder.
10. A radar as recited in claim 9, wherein a compression spring is further disposed within said rotary slot; one end of the pressure spring is in contact with the rotating groove, and the other end of the pressure spring is in contact with the rotating clip.
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