CN114577589B - Evaluation method and detection system for detecting low-cycle fatigue of metal material - Google Patents

Evaluation method and detection system for detecting low-cycle fatigue of metal material Download PDF

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CN114577589B
CN114577589B CN202210458714.1A CN202210458714A CN114577589B CN 114577589 B CN114577589 B CN 114577589B CN 202210458714 A CN202210458714 A CN 202210458714A CN 114577589 B CN114577589 B CN 114577589B
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central control
control device
metal
evaluated
cycle fatigue
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CN114577589A (en
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杨跃武
周韶波
孙钦密
赵瑞丽
王东甲
刘慧鑫
张明
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Beijing Qianhe Crystal Core Electronic Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
    • G01N2203/0212—Theories, calculations
    • G01N2203/0218—Calculations based on experimental data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0258—Non axial, i.e. the forces not being applied along an axis of symmetry of the specimen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0694—Temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a detection and evaluation method for low cycle fatigue of a metal material, which comprises the following steps of S1, starting a grinding device to grind a first detection site of a metal to be evaluated; step S2, starting a force application device to provide radial stress for a first detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and acquiring a first low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated by a central control device; step S3, the force application device improves the force application rate to apply force to the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains the second low cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated; step S4, a force application device adjusts a force application angle to apply force to a third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains a third low cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated; and step S5, the central control device acquires the low-cycle fatigue life S of the metal to be evaluated according to the acquired first low-cycle fatigue life, second low-cycle fatigue life and third low-cycle fatigue life.

Description

Evaluation method and detection system for detecting low-cycle fatigue of metal material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low cycle fatigue detection, in particular to an evaluation method for detecting low cycle fatigue of a metal material.
Background
Under the action of cyclic stress and strain, the material gradually generates local permanent accumulated damage at one or more positions, and cracks or complete fracture suddenly occur after a certain number of cycles. Fatigue can be classified into constant amplitude fatigue, variable amplitude fatigue and random fatigue according to the amplitude and frequency of cyclic load, and can be classified into high cycle fatigue, low cycle fatigue and subcritical fatigue according to the number of cycles (i.e. service life) experienced before the material is damaged and the stress level of the fatigue load. The low cycle fatigue is fatigue such as fatigue of a pressure vessel, a gas turbine part, and the like, in which the level of stress acting on the part and the member is high and the number of failure cycles is as low as 104 to 105.
Chinese patent ZL201810516214.2 discloses a method for evaluating the fatigue performance of a metal material, which mainly relates to the technical problems that the fatigue performance of the metal material is evaluated by analyzing and calculating a fatigue failure curve divided into a plurality of areas according to a stress or strain range, but the stress change of the metal material under various conditions and the instability in the detection process are not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an evaluation method for detecting the low-cycle fatigue of the metal material, which can solve the technical problem that the detection system cannot be regulated and controlled in real time according to the temperature condition in the detection process so as to obtain the accurate low-cycle fatigue life.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides an evaluation method for detection of low cycle fatigue of a metal material, comprising:
step S1, clamping the metal to be evaluated by the clamping device, and starting the polishing device to polish a first detection site of the metal to be evaluated;
step S2, starting a force application device to provide radial stress for a first detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and acquiring a first low-cycle fatigue life S1 of the metal to be evaluated by a central control device;
step S3, the sliding device moves the metal replacement detection site to be evaluated, the grinding device grinds the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, the force application device improves the force application rate to apply force to the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains a second low-cycle fatigue life S2 of the metal to be evaluated;
step S4, the sliding device moves the metal to be evaluated to replace the detection site again, the polishing device polishes the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, the force application device adjusts the force application angle to apply force to the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains the third low cycle fatigue life S3 of the metal to be evaluated;
and step S5, the central control device acquires the low-cycle fatigue life S of the metal to be evaluated according to the acquired first low-cycle fatigue life, second low-cycle fatigue life and third low-cycle fatigue life, and S = S1 x (1+ (S2-S0)/S0 x (1+ (S3-S0)/S0) is set, wherein S0 is a preset low-cycle fatigue life reference value of the central control device.
Further, in the steps S2-S3, the infrared temperature detecting mechanism obtains a temperature change value Δ T during the low cycle fatigue detection of the current detection point within a preset time, and compares the temperature change value Δ T with a preset temperature change value, so as to adjust the clamping force of the clamping device, wherein,
when the delta T is less than or equal to T1, the central control device improves the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step;
when T1 is less than delta T and less than T2, the central control device judges that the current temperature change meets the preset standard;
when the delta T is larger than or equal to T2, the central control device adjusts the polishing efficiency of the next step according to the temperature uniformity of the metal detection site to be evaluated;
the central control device presets a temperature variation value T, and sets a first preset temperature variation value T1 and a second preset temperature variation value T2.
Further, when the central control device determines that the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step is increased, the central control device increases the clamping force F to F1 of the clamping device according to the difference between the acquired temperature change value and the first preset temperature change value, and sets F1= F × (1+ (T1- Δ T)/T1).
Further, when the central control device acquires the low cycle fatigue detection of the current detection site within a preset time, the temperature change value is larger than or equal to a second preset temperature change value, the central control device divides the preset range of the current detection site into a plurality of areas, the central control device acquires the temperature uniformity y of the current detection site through the infrared temperature detection mechanism according to the temperature value of each area, and y = ((t1-t 0)) 2 +(t2-t0) 2 +···+(tn-t0) 2 ) Where t1 is the real-time temperature of the first zone, t2 is the real-time temperature of the second zone to tn the real-time temperature of the nth zone, and t0 is the average of the temperatures of the first zone to the nth zone.
Further, the central control device presets a temperature uniformity degree Y, compares the temperature uniformity degree Y of the current detection site with the preset temperature uniformity degree, and judges to adjust the polishing efficiency of the next step, wherein,
when Y is less than or equal to Y1, the central control device judges that the grinding efficiency of the next step is not adjusted;
when Y1 is more than Y and less than Y2, the central control device judges that the polishing efficiency p of the next step is improved to p 1;
when Y is larger than or equal to Y2, the central control device judges that the polishing efficiency p of the next step is improved to p2, and the clamping force F of the clamping device in the current step is improved to F2;
the central control device is preset with a temperature uniformity Y, a first preset temperature uniformity Y1 and a second preset temperature uniformity Y2.
Further, the temperature uniformity of the current detection site obtained by the central control device is between a first preset temperature uniformity and a second preset temperature uniformity, the central control device judges that the polishing efficiency p of the next step is increased to p1, and p1= p x (1+ (Y-Y1) x (Y2-Y)/(Y1 × Y2)) is set.
Further, the polishing device comprises a first sliding mechanism and a polishing mechanism arranged on the first sliding mechanism, wherein the first sliding mechanism comprises a fifth motor for controlling the moving speed of the polisher, the polishing mechanism comprises a sixth motor for controlling the rotating speed of the polisher, the central control device presets a polishing efficiency standard value P, compares the adjusted polishing efficiency with the preset polishing efficiency and adjusts the moving speed and the rotating speed of the polishing mechanism, wherein,
when pi is less than or equal to P, the central control device increases the sander rotating speed VD to VD1, and sets VD1= VD x (1+ (P-pi)/P);
when pi > P, the central control increases the sander rotational rate VD to VD2, sets VD2= VD x (1+1.8 x (pi-P)/P), increases the sander movement rate VY to VY1, sets VY1= VY x (1+ (pi-P)/P);
wherein i =1, 2.
Further, in step S5, the central control device adjusts the acquired current low cycle fatigue life sj to sj 'according to the real-time temperature variation value and the current detection site temperature uniformity, and sets sj' = sj x (1- (. DELTA.T/T2 x (Y/Y1)), wherein if < Δ T2, Y = Y1, j =1,2, 3.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a system for detecting low cycle fatigue of a metal material, comprising the force application device, a force sensor and a controller, wherein the force application device is used for applying stress to the metal to be evaluated;
the clamping device is used for clamping the metal to be evaluated;
the polishing device is arranged below the metal to be evaluated and used for polishing the metal to be evaluated;
the sliding device is arranged on one side of the clamping device and used for controlling the detection position of the metal to be evaluated;
the central control device is connected with each component and used for controlling the work of each component and obtaining the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated according to a first low-cycle fatigue life, a second low-cycle fatigue life and a third low-cycle fatigue life, wherein in the detection process of the first low-cycle fatigue life, the second low-cycle fatigue life and the third low-cycle fatigue life, the central control device compares the temperature change value of the current detection site with a preset temperature change value and adjusts the clamping force of the clamping device and the polishing efficiency of the polishing device, if the temperature change value of the current detection site is less than or equal to the first preset temperature change value, the central control device judges that the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step is improved, if the temperature change value of the current detection site is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature change value, the central control device adjusts the polishing efficiency of the next step according to the preset range temperature uniformity of the current detection site, so that the central control device can accurately calculate the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the method is provided with the steps that the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated is comprehensively calculated by taking the low-cycle fatigue life of the radial stress as a reference and the accelerated stress and the stress with a certain angle as compensation coefficients according to the radial stress, the accelerated stress and the stress with a certain angle of the metal to be evaluated, and the technical problem of inaccuracy of the current low-cycle fatigue estimation is solved, wherein the central control device obtains the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated according to the first low-cycle fatigue life, the second low-cycle fatigue life and the third low-cycle fatigue life, and compares the temperature change value of the current detection site with the preset temperature change value in the detection processes of the first low-cycle fatigue life, the second low-cycle fatigue life and the third low-cycle fatigue life, and adjusting the clamping force of the clamping device and the polishing efficiency of the polishing device, wherein if the temperature change value of the current detection site is smaller than or equal to a first preset temperature change value, the central control device judges that the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step is improved, and if the temperature change value of the current detection site is larger than or equal to a second preset temperature change value, the central control device adjusts the polishing efficiency in the next step according to the preset range temperature uniformity of the current detection site so that the central control device can accurately calculate the low cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated.
In particular, the invention is arranged in the low cycle fatigue detection of a metal to be evaluated, the change of the temperature of the metal to be evaluated is caused in the process of applying force to the metal to be evaluated by the force applying device, the stability of the detection system is judged by acquiring the temperature change condition of the metal to be evaluated in the detection process, wherein if the temperature change of the metal to be evaluated is acquired by the central control device and is less than or equal to a first preset temperature change value, the phenomenon is caused because the clamping force of the clamping device in the detection system is insufficient and the force applying device is insufficient, so that the central control device judges that the clamping force of the clamping device is increased by taking the difference value of the real-time temperature change value and the first preset temperature change value as a reference, if the central control device acquires that the temperature of the metal to be evaluated is between the first preset temperature change value and a second preset temperature change value, the stability of the current detection system is better, the central control device judges that the components of the system are not adjusted, if the temperature change value obtained by the central control device is larger than or equal to a second preset temperature change value, the temperature of the detection site of the current metal to be evaluated is overhigh, and the central control device judges whether to enhance the polishing of the metal to be evaluated in the next step according to the temperature uniformity in the range of the detection site of the current metal to be evaluated so as to ensure that the low-cycle fatigue life is accurately obtained.
Particularly, the preset range of the current detection site is divided into a plurality of areas, when the central control device obtains that the temperature change value of the current detection site is larger than or equal to a second preset temperature change value, the central control device judges that the temperature uniformity in the preset range of the current detection site is obtained, so as to judge whether each parameter of the current polishing device can polish the metal to be evaluated reasonably, so as to ensure the force application of the force application device on the metal to be evaluated and avoid the problem of inaccurate low-cycle fatigue life detection caused by the fact that the surface of the metal to be evaluated is not smooth.
Particularly, the temperature uniformity is preset in the control device, the central control device judges that the polishing efficiency is adjusted according to the comparison between the temperature uniformity of the current detection site and the preset temperature uniformity, wherein if the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is less than or equal to the first preset temperature uniformity, the temperature distribution is relatively uniform in the preset range of the current detection site, the parameters set by the current polishing device are in accordance with the standard, the central control device does not adjust the parameters of the polishing device in the next step, if the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is between the first preset temperature uniformity and the second preset temperature uniformity, the temperature distribution of the current detection site is not uniform enough, the reason is that the polishing is not enough, the detection of the low cycle fatigue life of the image is bound to be carried out, the central control device improves the polishing efficiency of the next step so as to ensure the accurate detection result of the low cycle fatigue life of the next step, the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is larger than or equal to the second preset temperature uniformity, the temperature distribution of the current detection site is extremely uneven, the central control device improves the clamping force of the current clamping device for avoiding overlarge error of the result of the low cycle fatigue life of the current detection site, and meanwhile, the central control device greatly improves the polishing efficiency of the next step for ensuring the accuracy of the low cycle fatigue detection result of the next step.
Particularly, the invention is provided with a special polishing device which can control the moving speed of the polisher and the rotating speed of the polisher so as to fully polish the metal to be evaluated, the central control device is also provided with a polishing efficiency standard value, the central control device compares the adjusted polishing efficiency with a preset polishing efficiency standard value and adjusts the moving speed of the polisher and the rotating speed of the polisher, wherein if the adjusted polishing efficiency is less than or equal to the preset polishing efficiency standard value, the central control device only improves the polishing efficiency by improving the rotating speed of the polisher, and if the adjusted polishing efficiency is greater than the preset polishing efficiency standard value, the central control device improves the moving speed of the polisher, namely improves the polishing times within a preset time by greatly improving the rotating speed of the polisher so as to improve the polishing efficiency.
Particularly, in order to avoid the influence of temperature change conditions and temperature distribution conditions on the low-cycle fatigue degree in the detection process, the invention sets a result acquisition mode after each low-cycle fatigue life is corrected, and the specific central control device corrects the acquired low-cycle fatigue life by the ratio of the temperature change value of the current detection site and the temperature uniformity to the preset value respectively so as to correct the influence of the temperature on the low-cycle fatigue life and acquire the most accurate low-cycle fatigue life. More specifically, the central control device obtains the corrected first low-cycle fatigue life, the corrected second low-cycle fatigue life and the corrected third low-cycle fatigue life to further obtain the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated, and it should be noted that when the temperature change value is lower than the second preset temperature change value, the temperature uniformity of the preset range of the current detection site does not need to be calculated, so that the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is set to be the default first preset temperature uniformity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for detecting low cycle fatigue of a metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a force applying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sliding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a detection and evaluation method for low cycle fatigue of a metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for detecting low cycle fatigue of a metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a force application device 1 disposed above a metal to be evaluated for applying stress to the metal to be evaluated; the clamping device 2 is used for clamping the metal to be evaluated and comprises a first clamping mechanism used for clamping one side of the metal to be evaluated and a clamping mechanism used for clamping the other side of the metal to be evaluated. The second clamping mechanism is arranged on the opposite side of the first clamping mechanism; the polishing device 3 is arranged below the metal material with evaluation and used for polishing the metal to be evaluated; the sliding device 4 is arranged on one side of the clamping device and used for controlling the detection position of the metal to be evaluated; the central control device is connected with each component and is used for controlling each component to work;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a force application device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a force application device 14 for applying a stress to a metal to be evaluated, a first motor 13 connected to the force application device for controlling a stress rate applied by the force application device, and an angle adjuster 12 connected to the first motor for controlling a force application angle of the force application device, wherein the angle adjuster is fixedly connected to a first support plate 11.
Please refer to fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a first clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a first slide bar 211, a first loop 212 and a second loop 213 disposed on the first slide bar, the first loop being connected to a first clamping plate 214, a second motor 217 and a first contact element 218 being disposed at the bottom of the first clamping plate, the second motor being configured to control a contact force of the first contact element to a metal to be evaluated, the second loop being connected to a second clamping plate 219, a third motor 216 and a second contact element 215 being connected to the top of the second clamping plate, the third motor being configured to control a contact force of the second contact element to the metal to be evaluated.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of a second clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a second slide bar 221, a third collar 222 and a fourth collar 223 that are disposed on the second slide bar, the third collar is connected to a third clamping plate 224, a fourth motor 227 and a third contact element 228 are disposed at the bottom of the third clamping plate, the fourth motor is used to control a contact force of the third contact element on a metal to be evaluated, the fourth collar is connected to a fourth clamping plate 229, a fifth motor 226 and a fourth contact element 225 are connected to the top of the fourth clamping plate, and the fifth motor is used to control a contact force of the fourth contact element on the metal to be evaluated.
Please refer to fig. 5, which is a schematic structural diagram of a polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a first sliding mechanism and a polishing mechanism disposed on the first sliding mechanism, where the first sliding mechanism is configured to control a polishing position of the polishing mechanism, the first sliding mechanism includes a third sliding rod 31, a fifth sleeve ring 34 disposed on the third sliding rod, and a sixth motor 35 configured to control the fifth sleeve ring to move on the third sliding rod, the polishing mechanism includes a polisher 32 and a seventh motor 33 configured to control a rotation speed of the polisher, and the seventh motor is connected to the fifth sleeve ring through a connecting shaft.
Specifically, the grinding device provided by the embodiment of the invention is also provided with a cooling mechanism, and the cooling mechanism is connected with the grinder and used for cooling the metal to be evaluated in the grinding process, so that the grinding and subsequent low-cycle fatigue life detection results are prevented from being influenced by overhigh temperature in the grinding process.
Please refer to fig. 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of a sliding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a fourth sliding rod 41, a sixth loop 42 disposed on the sliding rod, an eighth motor 44 for controlling the sixth loop to move on the fourth sliding rod, and a connecting member 43 connected to the sixth loop for fixing a metal to be evaluated.
Specifically, the detection system for the low cycle fatigue of the metal material is also provided with an infrared temperature detection mechanism for acquiring the temperature condition of the metal to be evaluated when the force applicator applies stress to the metal to be evaluated.
Specifically, when the low-cycle fatigue detection is performed on the metal to be evaluated, the first clamping mechanism clamps one side of the metal to be evaluated, the second clamping mechanism clamps the other side of the metal to be evaluated, the polishing mechanism is driven by the first sliding mechanism to polish a preset range of a first detection point of the metal to be evaluated, and after the polishing process, the force application device controls the force application device to apply stress to the metal to be evaluated to obtain a first low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated; the sliding device drives the metal to be evaluated to move, the detection site of the metal to be evaluated is replaced, the clamping device clamps the metal to be evaluated, the grinding mechanism grinds the metal to be evaluated, and after grinding, the first motor improves the force application speed of the force applying device to obtain the second low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated; the sliding device drives the metal to be evaluated to move, the detection site of the metal to be evaluated is replaced again, the clamping device clamps the metal to be evaluated, the grinding mechanism grinds the preset range of the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, after grinding, the angle regulator adjusts the force application angle of the force applicator, the force is applied to the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the third low cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated is obtained; and the central control device acquires the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated according to the first low-cycle fatigue life, the second low-cycle fatigue life and the third low-cycle fatigue life.
Please refer to fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for detecting and evaluating low cycle fatigue of a metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention, including,
step S1, clamping the metal to be evaluated by the clamping device, and starting the polishing device to polish a first detection site of the metal to be evaluated;
step S2, starting a force application device to provide radial stress for a first detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and acquiring a first low-cycle fatigue life S1 of the metal to be evaluated by a central control device;
step S3, the sliding device moves the metal replacement detection site to be evaluated, the grinding device grinds the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, the force application device improves the force application rate to apply force to the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains a second low-cycle fatigue life S2 of the metal to be evaluated;
step S4, the sliding device moves the metal to be evaluated to replace the detection site again, the polishing device polishes the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, the force application device adjusts the force application angle to apply force to the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains the third low-cycle fatigue life S3 of the metal to be evaluated;
and step S5, the central control device acquires the low-cycle fatigue life S of the metal to be evaluated according to the acquired first low-cycle fatigue life, second low-cycle fatigue life and third low-cycle fatigue life, and S = S1 x (1+ (S2-S0)/S0) x (1+ (S3-S0)/S0) is set, wherein S0 is a low-cycle fatigue life reference value preset by the central control device.
Specifically, the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining the low-cycle fatigue life of each stress according to the radial stress, the acceleration stress and the stress with a certain angle of the metal to be evaluated, taking the low-cycle fatigue life of the radial stress as a reference, taking the acceleration stress and the stress with a certain angle as compensation coefficients, and comprehensively calculating the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated, so that the technical problem of inaccurate low-cycle fatigue estimation at present is solved.
The embodiment of the invention does not limit the acquisition mode of each low-cycle fatigue life, multiple samples can be selected, and each low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated can be statistically analyzed, and the acquisition mode of the low-cycle fatigue life in GB/T26077-2010 or ASTME606-2012 can be referred to specifically.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preset range of each detection point is not limited, and the preset range may be an area region or a distance, that is, the preset range of each detection point is divided by using the preset area or the preset distance with each detection point as a center point, and the left side and the right side of each detection point are both divided into the preset ranges with each detection point as a center point and with the preset area or the preset distance as a basic unit.
In the steps S2-S3, the infrared temperature detecting means compares the temperature variation Δ T with a preset temperature variation within a preset time when acquiring the low cycle fatigue detection of the current detection site, and adjusts the clamping force of the clamping device, wherein,
when the delta T is less than or equal to T1, the central control device improves the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step;
when T1 is less than delta T and less than T2, the central control device judges that the current temperature change meets the preset standard;
when the delta T is larger than or equal to T2, the central control device adjusts the polishing efficiency of the next step according to the temperature uniformity of the metal detection site to be evaluated;
the central control device is provided with a preset temperature change value T, a first preset temperature change value T1 and a second preset temperature change value T2.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the temperature change value preset by the central control device, as long as it can evaluate whether the temperature change value of the metal detection site to be evaluated meets the standard within a certain time or a certain number of detection times, and the embodiment of the present invention provides a preferable temperature change value preset by the central control device within 10 detection times of 5-30 ℃, wherein the first preset temperature change value is 5-15 ℃, the second preset temperature change value is 15-25 ℃, and the third preset temperature change value is 25-30 ℃. In step S2, the central control device obtains a temperature change value of the first detection site after the force application device provides 10 radial stresses to the first detection site, the temperature change value is smaller than a first preset temperature change value, the central control device increases the clamping force of the clamping device clamping the metal to be evaluated in the current step, that is, in step S2, the central control device obtains the temperature change value of the first detection site after the force application device provides 10 radial stresses to the first detection site, the temperature change value is the first preset temperature change value and the second preset temperature change value, the central control device does not adjust the operation parameters in step S2, the central control device obtains the temperature change value of the first detection site after the force application device provides 10 radial stresses to the first detection site, the temperature change value is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature change value, and the central control device determines the polishing efficiency in the adjusting step S3, so as to ensure the accuracy of obtaining the low cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated in step S3. In step S3, after the force application device that has adjusted the force application rate provides 10 times of stress to the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, the temperature change value of the second detection site is less than or equal to the first preset temperature change value, the central control device determines to increase the clamping force of the clamping device to the metal to be evaluated in the current step, that is, in step S3, to ensure the stability of the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, when the central control device obtains the temperature change value of the second detection site between the first preset temperature change value and the second preset temperature change value, the central control device does not adjust the operation parameters in step S3, the central control device obtains the temperature change value of the second detection site that is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature change value, and the central control device determines to increase the polishing efficiency in step S4, so as to ensure the polishing effect of the next detection site, and ensure the accuracy of obtaining low-cycle fatigue.
When the central control device determines that the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step is increased, the central control device increases the clamping force F to F1 of the clamping device according to the difference value between the acquired temperature change value and the first preset temperature change value, and the setting is F1= F x (1+ (T1-delta T)/T1).
Specifically, the invention is arranged in the low cycle fatigue detection of a metal to be evaluated, a force application device is used for judging the stability of a detection system by acquiring the temperature change condition of the metal to be evaluated in the detection process, wherein if the temperature change of the metal to be evaluated is less than or equal to a first preset temperature change value, the condition that the force application device is insufficient to apply force to the metal to be evaluated at present is indicated, and the phenomenon is caused by insufficient clamping force of a clamping device in the detection system and insufficient force application of the force application device to the metal to be evaluated, so that the central control device judges that the clamping force of the clamping device is increased by taking the difference value of a real-time temperature change value and a first preset temperature change value as a reference, if the central control device is used for acquiring that the temperature of the metal to be evaluated is between the first preset temperature change value and a second preset temperature change value, the stability of the current detection system is better, the central control device judges that the components of the system are not adjusted, if the temperature change value obtained by the central control device is larger than or equal to a second preset temperature change value, the temperature of the detection site of the current metal to be evaluated is overhigh, and the central control device judges whether to enhance the polishing of the metal to be evaluated in the next step according to the temperature uniformity in the range of the detection site of the current metal to be evaluated so as to ensure that the low-cycle fatigue life is accurately obtained.
The central control device obtains the temperature change value which is larger than or equal to a second preset temperature change value within preset time when the central control device obtains the low-cycle fatigue detection of the current detection site, the central control device divides the preset range of the current detection site into a plurality of areas, the central control device obtains the temperature uniformity y of the current detection site through the infrared temperature detection mechanism according to the temperature value of each area, and y = ((t1-t 0)) 2 +(t2-t0) 2 +···+(tn-t0) 2 ) Where t1 is the real-time temperature of the first zone, t2 is the real-time temperature of the second zone to tn the real-time temperature of the nth zone, and t0 is the average of the temperatures of the first zone to the nth zone.
Specifically, the preset range of the current detection site is divided into a plurality of areas, when the central control device obtains that the temperature change value of the current detection site is larger than or equal to a second preset temperature change value, the central control device judges that the temperature uniformity in the preset range of the current detection site is obtained, so as to judge whether each parameter of the current polishing device can polish the metal to be evaluated reasonably, so as to ensure the force application of the force application device on the metal to be evaluated and avoid the problem of inaccurate low-cycle fatigue life detection caused by the fact that the surface of the metal to be evaluated is not smooth.
Wherein, the central control device presets temperature uniformity Y, compares the temperature uniformity Y of the current detection site with the preset temperature uniformity, and judges to adjust the polishing efficiency of the next step, wherein,
when Y is less than or equal to Y1, the central control device judges that the grinding efficiency of the next step is not adjusted;
when Y1 is more than Y and less than Y2, the central control device judges that the polishing efficiency p of the next step is improved to p 1;
when Y is larger than or equal to Y2, the central control device judges that the polishing efficiency p of the next step is improved to p2, and the clamping force F of the clamping device in the current step is improved to F2;
the central control device is preset with a temperature uniformity Y, a first preset temperature uniformity Y1 and a second preset temperature uniformity Y2.
Specifically, the central control device obtains the temperature uniformity of the current detection site between a first preset temperature uniformity and a second preset temperature uniformity, and determines to improve the polishing efficiency p to p1 in the next step, and sets p1= p x (1+ (Y-Y1) x (Y2-Y)/(Y1 × Y2)).
Specifically, the central control device obtains the temperature uniformity of the current detection site which is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature uniformity, the central control device judges that the grinding efficiency p to p2 of the next step is improved, p2= p x (1+ 1.35 x (Y-Y2)/Y2) is set, the clamping force F to F2 of the clamping device of the current step is improved, and F2= F x (1+ (Y-Y2)/Y2) is set.
Wherein, the temperature uniformity is preset in the control device of the invention, the central control device judges and adjusts the polishing efficiency according to the comparison between the temperature uniformity of the current detection site and the preset temperature uniformity, wherein, if the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is less than or equal to the first preset temperature uniformity, the temperature distribution is more uniform in the preset range of the current detection site, the parameters set by the current polishing device are in accordance with the standard, the central control device does not adjust the parameters of the polishing device in the next step, if the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is between the first preset temperature uniformity and the second preset temperature uniformity, the temperature distribution of the current detection site is not uniform enough, the reason is that the polishing is not enough, the detection of the low cycle fatigue life of the image is bound, the central control device improves the polishing efficiency of the next step, so as to ensure the accurate detection result of the low cycle fatigue life of the next step, the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is larger than or equal to the second preset temperature uniformity, which shows that the temperature distribution of the current detection site is extremely uneven, the center control device improves the clamping force of the current clamping device for avoiding overlarge error of the result of the low cycle fatigue life of the current detection site, and simultaneously, the center control device greatly improves the polishing efficiency of the next step for ensuring the accuracy of the low cycle fatigue detection result of the next step.
Wherein, the grinding device comprises a first sliding mechanism and a grinding mechanism arranged on the first sliding mechanism, wherein, the first sliding mechanism comprises a fifth motor used for controlling the moving speed of the grinder, the grinding mechanism comprises a sixth motor used for controlling the rotating speed of the grinder, the central control device presets a grinding efficiency standard value P, the central control device compares the regulated grinding efficiency with the preset grinding efficiency and regulates the moving speed and the rotating speed of the grinding mechanism, wherein,
when pi is less than or equal to P, the central control device increases the sander rotating speed VD to VD1, and sets VD1= VD x (1+ (P-pi)/P);
when pi > P, the central control increases the sander rotational rate VD to VD2, sets VD2= VD x (1+1.8 x (pi-P)/P), increases the sander movement rate VY to VY1, sets VY1= VY x (1+ (pi-P)/P);
wherein i =1, 2.
Specifically, the polishing device is provided with a special polishing device, the moving speed of the polisher and the rotating speed of the polisher can be controlled, so that metal to be evaluated is fully polished, the central control device is further provided with a polishing efficiency standard value, the central control device compares the adjusted polishing efficiency with a preset polishing efficiency standard value, the moving speed of the polisher and the rotating speed of the polisher are adjusted, if the adjusted polishing efficiency is smaller than or equal to the preset polishing efficiency standard value, the central control device only improves the polishing efficiency by improving the rotating speed of the polisher, and if the adjusted polishing efficiency is larger than the preset polishing efficiency standard value, the central control device improves the moving speed of the polisher, namely improves the polishing times within a preset time by greatly improving the rotating speed of the polisher, so that the polishing efficiency is improved.
In step S5, the central control device adjusts the acquired current low cycle fatigue life sj to sj 'according to the real-time temperature variation value and the current detection site temperature uniformity, and sets sj' = sj × (1- (. DELTA.T/T2 × (Y/Y1)), where Y = Y1 and j =1,2,3 if. DELTA.T < T2.
Specifically, in order to avoid the influence of temperature change conditions and temperature distribution conditions on the low-cycle fatigue degree in the detection process, the invention sets a result acquisition mode after each low-cycle fatigue life is corrected, and the specific central control device corrects the acquired low-cycle fatigue life by the ratio of the temperature change value of the current detection site, the temperature uniformity and the preset value respectively so as to correct the influence of the temperature on the low-cycle fatigue life and acquire the most accurate low-cycle fatigue life. More specifically, the central control device obtains the corrected first low cycle fatigue life, the second low cycle fatigue life and the third low cycle fatigue life to further obtain the low cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated, and it should be noted that when the temperature change value is lower than the second preset temperature change value, the temperature uniformity of the preset range of the current detection site does not need to be calculated, so that the temperature uniformity of the current detection site is set as the default first preset temperature uniformity.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The method for detecting and evaluating the low cycle fatigue of the metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, clamping the metal to be evaluated by the clamping device, and starting the polishing device to polish a first detection site of the metal to be evaluated;
step S2, starting a force application device to provide radial stress for a first detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and acquiring a first low-cycle fatigue life S1 of the metal to be evaluated by a central control device;
step S3, the sliding device moves the metal replacement detection site to be evaluated, the grinding device grinds the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, the force application device improves the force application rate to apply force to the second detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains a second low-cycle fatigue life S2 of the metal to be evaluated;
step S4, the sliding device moves the metal to be evaluated to replace the detection site again, the polishing device polishes the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, the force application device adjusts the force application angle to apply force to the third detection site of the metal to be evaluated, and the central control device obtains the third low-cycle fatigue life S3 of the metal to be evaluated;
step S5, the central control device acquires the low-cycle fatigue life S of the metal to be evaluated according to the acquired first low-cycle fatigue life, second low-cycle fatigue life and third low-cycle fatigue life, and S = S1 x (1+ (S2-S0)/S0 x (1+ (S3-S0)/S0) is set, wherein S0 is a preset low-cycle fatigue life reference value of the central control device;
in the steps S2-S3, the infrared temperature detecting mechanism compares the temperature variation Δ T with a preset temperature variation within a preset time when acquiring the low cycle fatigue detection of the current detection site, and adjusts the clamping force of the clamping device, wherein,
when the delta T is less than or equal to T1, the central control device improves the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step;
when T1 is less than delta T and less than T2, the central control device judges that the current temperature change meets the preset standard;
when the delta T is larger than or equal to T2, the central control device adjusts the polishing efficiency of the next step according to the temperature uniformity of the metal detection site to be evaluated;
the central control device presets a temperature variation value T, and sets a first preset temperature variation value T1 and a second preset temperature variation value T2.
2. The method for detecting and evaluating low cycle fatigue of metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein when said central control device determines to increase the clamping force of said clamping device in the current step, said central control device increases the clamping force F to F1 of said clamping device according to the difference between the acquired temperature variation value and the first preset temperature variation value, setting F1= fx (1+ (T1- Δ T)/T1).
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the central control device obtains the temperature variation value of the current detection site during the low cycle fatigue detection within a preset time period, the central control device divides the preset range of the current detection site into a plurality of regions, the central control device obtains the temperature uniformity y of the current detection site according to the temperature value of each region by the infrared temperature detection mechanism, and sets y = ((t1-t0) 2 +(t2-t0) 2 +···+(tn-t0) 2 ) Where t1 is the real-time temperature of the first zone, t2 is the real-time temperature of the second zone to tn is the real-time temperature of the nth zone, and t0 is the average of the temperatures of the first zone to the nth zone.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the central control device presets a temperature uniformity Y, compares the temperature uniformity Y of the current detection site with the preset temperature uniformity, and determines to adjust the polishing efficiency of the next step, wherein,
when Y is less than or equal to Y1, the central control device judges that the grinding efficiency of the next step is not adjusted;
when Y1 is more than Y and less than Y2, the central control device judges that the polishing efficiency p of the next step is improved to p 1;
when Y is larger than or equal to Y2, the central control device judges that the grinding efficiency p of the next step is improved to p2, and the clamping force F of the clamping device in the current step is improved to F2;
the central control device is preset with a temperature uniformity Y, a first preset temperature uniformity Y1 and a second preset temperature uniformity Y2.
5. The method for detecting and evaluating the low cycle fatigue of the metal material as recited in claim 4, wherein the temperature uniformity of the current detection site obtained by the central control device is between a first preset temperature uniformity and a second preset temperature uniformity, and the central control device determines to improve the polishing efficiency p to p1 of the next step, and sets p1= p x (1+ (Y-Y1) x (Y2-Y)/(Y1 x Y2)).
6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the central control device determines that the polishing efficiency p of the next step is increased to p2, the central control device sets p2= p x (1+ 1.35 x (Y-Y2)/Y2), the clamping force F of the clamping device of the current step is increased to F2, and the clamping force F2= F x (1+ (Y-Y2)/Y2).
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the polishing device comprises a first sliding mechanism and a polishing mechanism disposed on the first sliding mechanism, wherein the first sliding mechanism comprises a fifth motor for controlling the moving speed of the polisher, the polishing mechanism comprises a sixth motor for controlling the rotating speed of the polisher, the central control device presets a polishing efficiency standard value P, the central control device compares the adjusted polishing efficiency with a preset polishing efficiency and adjusts the moving speed and the rotating speed of the polishing mechanism, and wherein,
when pi is less than or equal to P, the central control device increases the rotational speed VD of the sander to VD1, and VD1= VD x (1+ (P-pi)/P) is set;
when pi > P, the central control device increases the sander rotational speed VD to VD2, sets VD2= VD x (1+1.8 x (pi-P)/P), increases the sander movement speed VY to VY1, sets VY1= VY x (1+ (pi-P)/P);
wherein i =1, 2.
8. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S5, the central control device adjusts the obtained current low cycle fatigue life sj to sj 'according to the real-time temperature variation and the current detection site temperature uniformity, and sets sj' = sj x (1- (. DELTA.T/T2 x (Y/Y1))), wherein, if. DELTA.T < T2, Y = Y1, j =1,2, 3.
9. A detection system for low cycle fatigue of a metal material, wherein a method for evaluating low cycle fatigue employs the detection evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising,
the force application device is used for applying stress to the metal to be evaluated;
the clamping device is used for clamping the metal to be evaluated;
the polishing device is arranged below the metal to be evaluated and used for polishing the metal to be evaluated;
the sliding device is arranged on one side of the clamping device and is used for controlling the detection position of the metal to be evaluated;
the central control device is connected with each component and used for controlling the work of each component and obtaining the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated according to a first low-cycle fatigue life, a second low-cycle fatigue life and a third low-cycle fatigue life, wherein in the detection process of the first low-cycle fatigue life, the second low-cycle fatigue life and the third low-cycle fatigue life, the central control device compares the temperature change value of the current detection site with a preset temperature change value and adjusts the clamping force of the clamping device and the polishing efficiency of the polishing device, if the temperature change value of the current detection site is less than or equal to the first preset temperature change value, the central control device judges that the clamping force of the clamping device in the current step is improved, if the temperature change value of the current detection site is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature change value, the central control device adjusts the polishing efficiency of the next step according to the preset range temperature uniformity of the current detection site, so that the central control device can accurately calculate the low-cycle fatigue life of the metal to be evaluated.
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