CN114577106B - Filling block for measuring thickness of gear oil film by eddy current method, and measuring device and method - Google Patents
Filling block for measuring thickness of gear oil film by eddy current method, and measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577106B CN114577106B CN202111474969.9A CN202111474969A CN114577106B CN 114577106 B CN114577106 B CN 114577106B CN 202111474969 A CN202111474969 A CN 202111474969A CN 114577106 B CN114577106 B CN 114577106B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filling block for measuring the thickness of a gear oil film by an eddy current method, which comprises a filling block body and a sensor mounting block arranged on the filling block body, wherein the bottom end of the sensor mounting block is connected with the top end of the filling block body; the filling block body is overall cuboid, and a step surface is formed between the sensor mounting block and the filling block body; the shape of the step surface is the same as that of a tooth groove of the gear to be measured, the surface of the sensor mounting block, which is in contact with the step surface, is the same as that of the tooth of the gear to be measured, and the height between the step surface and the top surface of the sensor mounting block is the height of the tooth of the gear to be measured; the sensor mounting block is provided with a sensor mounting hole which is a blind hole, and the sensor mounting block is also provided with a sensor threading hole. The invention solves the problem of difficult arrangement of the eddy current sensor in the prior art, so that the eddy current sensor can be better applied to the measurement of the oil film thickness of various rotating machines, particularly gears.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gear lubrication, in particular to a filling block for measuring the thickness of a gear oil film by an eddy current method, a measuring device and a measuring method.
Background
The working state and the service life of the gear, which is an important component in the mechanical transmission process, determine whether the mechanical device can normally operate. In order to ensure the reliable and stable operation of the gear, the gear is in a good lubricating state. If the lubrication is good, a layer of oil film exists between two tooth surfaces, so that the abrasion caused by the direct contact of the tooth surfaces can be prevented, and the thickness of the oil film is an important parameter for judging the lubrication state of the gear. Because the real-time measurement difficulty is higher in the gear transmission process, the thickness of an oil film between transmission gears is obtained indirectly mainly through numerical analysis and an empirical formula at present. Because the result obtained by numerical analysis and empirical formula often has a certain error with the reality, the measurement of the gear oil film in the transmission process has very important significance in engineering application.
At present, common methods for measuring the thickness of the oil film include a resistance method, a discharge voltage method, a displacement method, a capacitance method, an X-ray projection method, an optical interference method and the like, wherein the capacitance method and the optical interference method are the most effective. However, these methods are commonly used for oil film measurement after structure simplification (disc and cylinder, disc and sphere, cylinder and cylinder), and are difficult to be applied to oil film test in the gear running state. Although the optical method has high accuracy in measuring the thickness of the oil, the design of the optical path is a major difficulty. And the capacitance measuring method, the ultrasonic measuring method and the discharge voltage method can change capacitance, sound wave transmission time and resistance under the condition of change of the physical property of the lubricating oil, so that the measuring accuracy is reduced, and the physical property of the lubricating oil can be changed due to the change of the temperature and the bearing pressure of the lubricating oil in the rotating process of the gear, so that the capacitance measuring method, the ultrasonic measuring method and the discharge voltage method are difficult to be used for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear. The eddy current sensor can be used for measuring a small distance, has high precision and strong anti-interference capability, and can not influence the accuracy due to the change of the physical property of the lubricating oil. The eddy current measuring method is a non-contact method, when an alternating current signal is introduced into an eddy current sensor, an alternating magnetic field is generated around a coil; when an object to be measured is close to the eddy current sensor, induced eddy current can be generated in the object under the action of an alternating magnetic field, the impedance of the eddy current sensor is influenced by an electromagnetic field generated by the eddy current, and under the condition that materials such as the sensor and a target object are fixed, the impedance change quantity of the eddy current sensor is a single-value function of the distance change quantity between the impedance change quantity and the target object, and a corresponding calibration curve is obtained. The resistance change of the eddy current sensor can be obtained by measuring the voltage values at the two ends of the eddy current sensor, so that the distance between the sensor and the target object can be obtained through a calibration curve. The main problem with eddy current ranging is that it is difficult to place the sensor on the rotating gear.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a filling block, a measuring device and a method for measuring the oil film thickness of a gear by using an eddy current method, and solve the problems that the traditional method for measuring the oil film thickness in the prior art is difficult to apply to the gear, and an eddy current sensor is high in precision but difficult to arrange on the rotating gear.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a filling block for measuring the thickness of a gear oil film by an eddy current method comprises a filling block body and a sensor mounting block arranged on the filling block body, wherein the bottom end of the sensor mounting block is connected with the top end of the filling block body;
the filling block body is overall cuboid, the width of the top end of the filling block body connected with the sensor mounting block is larger than that of the bottom end of the sensor mounting block connected with the filling block body, and a step surface is formed between the sensor mounting block and the filling block body;
the shape of the step surface is the same as that of a tooth groove of the gear to be measured, the surface of the sensor mounting block, which is in contact with the step surface, is the same as that of the tooth of the gear to be measured, and the height between the step surface and the top surface of the sensor mounting block is the height of the tooth of the gear to be measured;
the sensor mounting block is provided with a sensor mounting hole on the side opposite to the side contacting with the step surface, the sensor mounting hole is a blind hole and used for arranging an eddy current sensor, and the sensor mounting block is also provided with a sensor threading hole communicated with the sensor mounting hole.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
the sensor mounting block is also provided with a first fixing hole, and the first fixing hole is used for fixing the relative position of the sensor mounting block.
A device for measuring the thickness of a gear oil film by an eddy current sensor comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are meshed with each other, wherein the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged in a gear box with oil injection lubrication and oil return capabilities;
the driving wheel is driven by a driving motor, the filling block for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear is arranged on the driven wheel, and an eddy current sensor is arranged in a sensor mounting hole;
the driven wheel is provided with a threading hole, and the threading hole is communicated with the sensor threading hole.
The filling block for measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear is arranged on one side of the engaged tooth surface of the driven wheel;
and the driven shaft is also provided with a slip ring electricity leading device, the slip ring electricity leading device is coaxially connected with the driven shaft, and the slip ring electricity leading device is also connected with a signal processing system.
The driving wheel is connected with the driving motor through a driving shaft, and the driven wheel is connected with the loading motor through a driven shaft;
and the driving motor and the loading motor are respectively connected with a driving frequency converter.
The driving shaft and the driven shaft are provided with torque meters, and the gear box is connected with a lubricating oil system.
The method for measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear is realized by adopting the device, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the driving wheel is driven by the driving motor to rotate, the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to move synchronously, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel form a detected gear pair;
step two: lubricating oil is supplied to a meshing area of a tested gear pair in a gearbox through an oil lubricating system, so that an oil film is formed in the meshing area of the tested gear pair;
step three: and measuring by using an eddy current sensor arranged on a driven wheel, wherein the eddy current sensor is used for measuring the distance difference between the tooth surfaces of the gear pair to obtain the thickness of the oil film of the measured gear pair.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the filling block for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear by the eddy current method solves the problem of difficult arrangement of the eddy current sensor in the prior art, so that the eddy current sensor can be better applied to the measurement of the oil film thickness of various rotating machines, particularly the gear,
the device for measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear by the eddy current method can accurately measure the thickness of the oil film of the gear, and is simple in structure, convenient to use and capable of greatly saving manpower and material resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view I of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram III of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an eddy current lead configuration according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of fig. 2 in the direction of a.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of fig. 2 in the direction B.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an experimental device for measuring the thickness of an oil film of a spur gear by using the eddy current sensor.
The various reference numbers in the figures have the meaning: 1-a filling block body, 2-a sensor mounting block, 3-a sensor mounting hole, 4-a sensor threading hole, 5-a first fixing hole, 6-a driving wheel, 7-a driven wheel, 8-a gear box, 9-a driving motor, 10-a threading hole, 11-a slip ring electricity-leading device, 12-a signal processing system, 13-a driving shaft, 14-a driven shaft, 15-a loading motor, 16-a driving frequency converter, 17-a torque meter, 18-a lubricating oil system, 19-a second fixing hole and 20-an eddy current sensor.
The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
As used herein, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," and the like are used merely to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must be oriented, constructed or operated in a specific manner, "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contours of the corresponding part and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, the terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like are used broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated without being described to the contrary; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
All components in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all those known in the art.
Example 1:
according to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the filling block for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear by the eddy current method comprises a filling block body 1 and a sensor mounting block 2 mounted on the filling block body 1, wherein the bottom end of the sensor mounting block 2 is connected with the top end of the filling block body 1;
the filling block body 1 is overall cuboid, the width of the top end of the filling block body 1 connected with the sensor mounting block 2 is larger than that of the bottom end of the sensor mounting block 2 connected with the filling block body 1, and a step surface is formed between the sensor mounting block 2 and the filling block body 1;
the shape of the step surface is the same as that of a tooth groove of the gear to be measured, the contact surface of the sensor mounting block 2 and the step surface is the same as that of the tooth of the gear to be measured, and the height between the step surface and the top surface of the sensor mounting block 2 is the height of the tooth of the gear to be measured;
the sensor mounting block 2 is provided with a sensor mounting hole 3 on the side opposite to the side contacting with the step surface, the sensor mounting hole 3 is a blind hole and used for arranging an eddy current sensor 20, and the sensor mounting block 2 is also provided with a sensor threading hole 4 communicated with the sensor mounting hole 3. The eddy current sensor 20 is a planar silver coil sprayed with insulating paint.
The sensor mounting hole 3 is obliquely driven from the center of the back of the sensor mounting block 2 in a direction approximately perpendicular to the contact surface of the sensor mounting block 2 and the step surface, and a certain distance is kept between the sensor mounting hole 3 and the contact surface of the sensor mounting block 2 and the step surface to bear the meshing force in the gear running process.
Because the gear material adopts 45 steel and has a shielding effect on the magnetic field of the eddy current sensor, the titanium alloy material is selected to manufacture the filling block.
In order to ensure the dynamic balance of the gear and the precision of measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear, a filling block is arranged in the center of the tooth surface and is symmetrically arranged around the gear axis.
The positions of the sensor mounting holes can be different in order to measure the thickness of the oil film at different positions in the meshing process.
The weight of the fluted disc and the tooth shaft is increased, namely the rotational inertia of the gear is increased, and under the condition that the running acceleration of the gear is not required, the rotational inertia of the gear is increased, so that the running speed fluctuation of the gear can be better reduced, and the moment instability of the extrusion of the meshing surface of the gear in running is eliminated.
The gear is perforated, the lead wire penetrates through the gear, and the slip ring electricity leading device is adopted to lead out the electric signal, so that the problem that the electric signal is difficult to lead out in the rotation process of the gear is solved.
As a preference of the present embodiment:
the sensor mounting block 2 is further provided with a first fixing hole 5, and the first fixing hole 5 is used for fixing the relative position of the sensor mounting block 2.
As shown in fig. 5 to 9, the device for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear by the eddy current sensor comprises a driving wheel 6 and a driven wheel 7 which are meshed with each other, wherein the driving wheel 6 and the driven wheel 7 are arranged in a gear box 8 with oil injection lubrication and oil return capabilities;
the driving wheel 6 is driven by a driving motor 9, the driven wheel 7 is provided with the filling block for measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear, and the sensor mounting hole 3 is internally provided with an eddy current sensor 20;
the driven wheel 7 is provided with a threading hole 10, and the threading hole 10 is communicated with the sensor threading hole 4.
As a preference of the present embodiment:
the filling block for measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear is arranged on one side of the tooth surface of the driven wheel 7, and when the filling block is used, a groove which is consistent with the filling block for measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear by the eddy current method is formed in one side of the tooth surface and is used for distributing the filling block for measuring the thickness of the oil film of the gear by the eddy current method;
and a slip ring electricity leading device 11 is further installed on the driven shaft 14, the slip ring electricity leading device 11 is coaxially connected with the driven shaft 14, and the slip ring electricity leading device 11 is further connected with a signal processing system 12.
As a preference of this embodiment:
the driving wheel 6 is connected with a driving motor 15 through a driving shaft 13, and the driven wheel 7 is connected with a loading motor 15 through a driven shaft 14; the loading motor 15 loads reverse torque on the driven wheel 7 to realize torque loading of gear tooth surface meshing;
the driving motor 9 and the loading motor 15 are respectively connected with a driving frequency converter 16. The driving frequency converter 16 is used for controlling the start and stop of the driving motor 9 and the loading motor 15 and adjusting the rotating speed of the driving motor and the loading motor.
As a preference of the present embodiment:
the driving shaft 13 and the driven shaft 16 are provided with torque meters 17 for measuring the torque, the rotating speed and the power of the driving shaft 13 and the driven shaft 16. The gearbox 8 is connected with an oil system 18. The lubricating oil system 18 can adjust the oil supply temperature;
a method for measuring the thickness of an oil film of a gear by an eddy current method is realized by adopting the device, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the driving wheel 6 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 9, the driving wheel 6 drives the driven wheel 7 to move synchronously, and the driving wheel 6 and the driven wheel 7 form a tested gear pair;
step two: lubricating oil is supplied to the meshing area of the gear pair to be tested in the gearbox 8 through an oil lubricating system 18, so that the meshing area of the gear pair to be tested forms an oil film;
step three: the eddy current sensor 20 arranged on the driven wheel 7 is used for measuring, and the eddy current sensor 20 obtains the oil film thickness of the measured gear pair by measuring the distance difference between the tooth surfaces of the gear pair.
The thickness of the oil film at the center of the tooth surface is changed continuously in the gear meshing process, the eddy current sensor at the center of the tooth surface senses the continuously changed thickness of the oil film of the gear to generate different electric signals, the electric signals firstly pass through the sensor threading hole 3 through the lead wire, then pass through the threading hole 10 through the lead wire, pass out after reaching the center position of the gear, then are led into the signal processing system 12 through the slip ring electric leading device 11, and are converted into the thickness value of the oil film of the gear in the signal processing system 12.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The filling block for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear by the eddy current method is characterized by comprising a filling block body (1) and a sensor mounting block (2) mounted on the filling block body (1), wherein the bottom end of the sensor mounting block (2) is connected with the top end of the filling block body (1);
the general shape of the filling block body (1) is cuboid, the width of the top end of the filling block body (1) connected with the sensor mounting block (2) is larger than the width of the bottom end of the sensor mounting block (2) connected with the filling block body (1), and a step surface is formed between the sensor mounting block (2) and the filling block body (1);
the shape of the step surface is the same as that of a tooth groove of the gear to be measured, the surface of the sensor mounting block (2) in contact with the step surface is the same as that of the tooth of the gear to be measured, and the height between the step surface and the top surface of the sensor mounting block (2) is the height of the tooth of the gear to be measured;
a sensor mounting hole (3) is formed in the side, opposite to the side, in contact with the step surface, of the sensor mounting block (2), the sensor mounting hole (3) is a blind hole and used for arranging an eddy current sensor, and a sensor threading hole (4) communicated with the sensor mounting hole (3) is further formed in the sensor mounting block (2);
the sensor mounting block (2) is further provided with a first fixing hole (5), and the first fixing hole (5) is used for fixing the relative position of the sensor mounting block (2).
2. A device for measuring the thickness of an oil film of a gear by an eddy current method comprises a driving wheel (6) and a driven wheel (7) which are meshed with each other, wherein the driving wheel (6) and the driven wheel (7) are arranged in a gear box (8) with oil injection lubrication and oil return capabilities;
the driving wheel (6) is driven by a driving motor (9), and the driven wheel (7) is provided with a filling block for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear according to claim 1, and an eddy current sensor (20) is arranged in the sensor mounting hole (3);
the driven wheel (7) is provided with a threading hole (10), and the threading hole (10) is communicated with the sensor threading hole (4).
3. The device for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear by the eddy current method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the filling block for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear is arranged on one side of a driven wheel (7) participating in a meshing tooth surface.
4. The device for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear according to the eddy current method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the driving wheel (6) is connected with the driving motor (9) through the driving shaft (13), and the driven wheel (7) is connected with the loading motor (15) through the driven shaft (14);
the driving motor (9) and the loading motor (15) are respectively connected with a driving frequency converter (16);
the driven shaft (14) is further provided with a slip ring electricity leading device (11), the slip ring electricity leading device (11) is coaxially connected with the driven shaft (14), and the slip ring electricity leading device (11) is further connected with a signal processing system (12).
5. The device for measuring the oil film thickness of the gear by the eddy current method according to claim 4, wherein a torque meter (17) is arranged on the driving shaft (13) and the driven shaft (14), and a lubricating oil system (18) is connected to the gear box (8);
and a second fixing hole (19) is also formed in the driven wheel (7), and the second fixing hole (19) is used for being communicated with the first fixing hole (5).
6. A method for measuring the oil film thickness of a gear by an eddy current method is characterized in that the method is realized by the device according to any one of claims 2-5, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the driving wheel (6) is driven to rotate by the driving motor (9), the driving wheel (6) drives the driven wheel (7) to move synchronously, and the driving wheel (6) and the driven wheel (7) form a tested gear pair;
step two: lubricating oil is supplied to a meshing area of a tested gear pair in a gearbox (8) through an oil lubricating system (18), so that the meshing area of the tested gear pair forms an oil film;
step three: and measuring by using an eddy current sensor arranged on a driven wheel (7), wherein the eddy current sensor is used for measuring the distance difference between the tooth surfaces of the gear pair to obtain the thickness of the oil film of the measured gear pair.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111474969.9A CN114577106B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Filling block for measuring thickness of gear oil film by eddy current method, and measuring device and method |
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| CN202111474969.9A CN114577106B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Filling block for measuring thickness of gear oil film by eddy current method, and measuring device and method |
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| CN116697874B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏领臣精密机械有限公司 | Hydrostatic guideway oil film thickness detection equipment |
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| JP2009299812A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-24 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | Gear device and disk device using the same |
| CN110632280A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-31 | 浙江师范大学 | 360-degree oil film appearance testing device for plunger pair |
| CN109631738B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-07-24 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | Water film thickness monitoring system and method for water lubricated bearing |
| CN210802355U (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-06-19 | 仪凤机电（嘉兴）检测技术服务有限公司 | Power plant main pump eddy current sensor installs auxiliary device |
| CN113295084B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2023-03-14 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Device and method for indirectly measuring thickness of oil film in gear meshing area |
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