CN114577079A - One-time blasting well completion method for underground mine blind raise - Google Patents
One-time blasting well completion method for underground mine blind raise Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577079A CN114577079A CN202210186375.6A CN202210186375A CN114577079A CN 114577079 A CN114577079 A CN 114577079A CN 202210186375 A CN202210186375 A CN 202210186375A CN 114577079 A CN114577079 A CN 114577079A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a one-time blasting well completion method for a blind raise of an underground mine, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining blast holes, specifically determining the positions and the number of the blast holes on a planned well working surface; s2, drilling a central charge cut hole, a first-order hollow hole, a second-order hollow hole, a first-order auxiliary hole and a second-order auxiliary hole by using a rock drilling jumbo; s3, arranging and filling the initiating explosive packet for the central explosive filling cut hole, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole; s4, inserting digital detonators into the blasting explosive packages in the central explosive-charging cut hole, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole, and connecting the detonator leads of all the digital detonators; s5, preferentially detonating the part of the hole close to the central charge cut hole, the part of the hole close to the first-order auxiliary hole and the part of the hole close to the second-order auxiliary hole; the invention adopts the hole-by-hole blasting of the medium-length hole, has simple construction, high efficiency and low production cost, greatly reduces the safety risk and improves the blasting forming quality of the ore gathering tank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground mine blasting, in particular to a one-time blasting well forming method for an underground mine blind raise.
Background
The ore gathering groove is a main channel for ore discharge by a caving method, and is a key project for connecting a ore falling space and an ore removal system by a natural caving method. At present, in the process of forming a gathering groove, the prawnian copper mine adopts a mechanical drilling raise to provide an explosion free surface.
In the arrangement of 3720m ore removal horizontal through-vein laneway vertical ore body trend of the conventional planopite, the ore gathering slot is arranged between two adjacent through-vein laneways and is respectively connected with ore outlets at the lower parts of the ore gathering slots, a Cubex Aries DU411 macroporous trolley is adopted to construct a phi 762mm macroporous hole to provide a sufficient blasting free surface during blasting of the ore gathering slot, but the construction cost of a mechanical drilling raise is high, the requirement on operation site conditions is high, the mechanical dependence is outstanding, technical innovation through a blasting process is needed, and further the safe and efficient mining of the conventional planopite is realized, so that the technology of blasting the blind raise into a well is adopted to provide the blasting free surface, which is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at solving the problem that the construction of a large-hole trolley is adopted during the blasting of an ore gathering tank in the prior art
The invention provides a one-shot blasting well completion method for a blind raise of an underground mine, which aims to solve the technical problems that the construction cost of a mechanical drilling raise is high, the requirement on operation site conditions is high and the like because enough blasting free surface needs to be provided during large hole drilling.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a one-time blasting well completion method for a blind raise of an underground mine comprises the following steps:
s1, determining blast holes, namely removing pumice and uneven rocks on a planned well working surface of the blind raise, and determining the positions and the number of the center-charge cut holes, the first-order holes, the second-order holes, the first-order auxiliary holes and the second-order auxiliary holes on the planned well working surface;
s2, drilling blast holes, wherein the drilling blast holes are specifically central charging cut holes, first-order hollow holes, second-order hollow holes, first-order auxiliary holes and second-order auxiliary holes drilled by a rock drilling jumbo according to the positions and the number of the central charging cut holes, the first-order hollow holes, the second-order hollow holes, the first-order auxiliary holes and the second-order auxiliary holes, and the central charging cut holes, the first-order hollow holes, the second-order hollow holes, the first-order auxiliary holes and the second-order auxiliary holes are counter bores;
s3, arranging an initiating explosive package and a filling blast hole, wherein the arranging of the initiating explosive package and the filling blast hole are specifically to carry out initiating explosive package arranging and filling operation on a central explosive filling cut hole, a first-order auxiliary hole and a second-order auxiliary hole;
s4, connecting the wire, wherein the wire is formed by inserting digital detonators into the blasting explosive packages in the center-charge cut hole, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole, and electrically connecting the detonator leads of all the digital detonators with a blasting connection lead;
s5, carrying out initiation, wherein the initiation specifically comprises the step of uniformly dividing the initiating explosive charge in the central explosive cut hole, the initiating explosive charge in the first-order auxiliary hole and the initiating explosive charge in the second-order auxiliary hole into two times of initiation; wherein a portion of the apertures proximate to the center-charge plunge hole, a portion of the apertures proximate to the first-order secondary hole, and a portion of the apertures proximate to the second-order secondary hole are preferentially detonated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the blind raise is formed by one-time blasting through hole-to-hole differential blasting, medium-length hole-to-hole blasting is adopted, construction is simple, efficiency is high, production cost is greatly reduced, safety risks are greatly reduced, and blasting forming quality of the ore gathering groove is improved.
2. The blind raise is blasted into a well by one-time blasting by adopting the hole-to-hole differential blasting, the number of drilled holes is small, the arrangement of blast holes is simple, the explosive-charged blast holes only comprise central explosive-charged cut holes and peripheral auxiliary holes, and the auxiliary holes and the peripheral holes which need to be arranged in the common raise blasting are simplified to the situation that only one circle of peripheral auxiliary holes need to be arranged.
3. The blind raise is formed by primary blasting by adopting differential blasting among holes, construction is carried out by adopting YGZ-90 or Simbar1354 trolley, all operations can be mechanized, the tunneling speed is high, the work efficiency is high, workers do not need to enter a working face, the safety is high, and the work condition is good.
4. The blind raise is formed by one-time blasting by adopting the differential blasting among holes, so that the construction progress of the ore gathering groove is accelerated, the preparation time of ore removal is shortened, and the guarantee is provided for the mine to reach the yield according to the period.
5. The blind raise is formed by one-time blasting through the micro-difference blasting among the holes, the loading of the blind raise is convenient and fast, the efficiency is high, the loading amount of explosive is reduced, the unit consumption of the explosive is reduced, and the labor intensity is greatly reduced.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the number of the central charging cut holes is 1, the number of the first-order holes and the number of the second-order holes are both 6, and the number of the first-order auxiliary holes and the number of the second-order auxiliary holes are both 4.
Furthermore, the 6 first-order holes and the 6 second-order holes are all in an annular array by taking the central charging cut hole as a center, and the center distance between the first-order holes and the central charging cut hole is smaller than that between the second-order holes and the central charging cut hole.
Furthermore, the 4 first-order auxiliary holes are distributed in a square shape, the 4 first-order auxiliary holes are respectively located at 4 vertexes of the square corresponding to the first-order auxiliary holes, the central charging cut hole is located at the central point of the square, and the center distance between each first-order auxiliary hole and the central charging cut hole is larger than the center distance between the first-order empty hole and the central charging cut hole; the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are distributed in a square shape, the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are respectively located at 4 vertexes of the square corresponding to the second-order auxiliary holes, the central point of the square corresponding to the second-order auxiliary holes is coincided with the central point of the square corresponding to the first-order auxiliary holes, and the center distance between each second-order auxiliary hole and the central charging cut-out hole is larger than the center distance between each first-order auxiliary hole and the central charging cut-out hole.
Further, an included angle between a diagonal line of the square corresponding to the second-order auxiliary hole and a diagonal line of the square corresponding to the first-order auxiliary hole is 45 °.
Further, S3 is specifically that the hole bottom to the orifice of the center-charge cut hole, the hole bottom to the orifice of the first-order auxiliary hole, and the hole bottom to the orifice of the second-order auxiliary hole are all sequentially and closely filled with an upper-layer orifice initiating explosive package two, an upper-layer explosive, an upper-layer orifice initiating explosive package one, upper-layer sealing stemming, a lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package two, a lower-layer explosive, a lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package one, and lower-layer sealing stemming.
Further, the hole depths of the central charging cut hole, the first-order hole, the second-order hole, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole are all 17 m.
Further, the filling thickness of the lower layer of sealing stemming and the filling thickness of the upper layer of sealing stemming are both 0.3 m; the sum of the filling thickness of the upper-layer sealing stemming, the filling thickness of the lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package II, the filling thickness of the lower-layer explosive, the filling thickness of the lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package I and the filling thickness of the lower-layer sealing stemming is 8 m.
Further, the hole depths of the central charging cut hole, the first-order hole, the second-order hole, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole are all 17 m; the initiation depth of the preferential initiation of the portion of the orifice near the center-charge plunge hole, the portion of the orifice near the first-order auxiliary hole, and the portion of the orifice near the second-order auxiliary hole were each 8 m.
Further, the 4 first-order auxiliary holes are respectively a first-order auxiliary hole I, a first-order auxiliary hole II, a first-order auxiliary hole III and a first-order auxiliary hole IV, and the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are respectively a second-order auxiliary hole I, a second-order auxiliary hole II, a second-order auxiliary hole III and a second-order auxiliary hole IV; the initiation delay time of the portion of the center charge cut hole close to the orifice is 5 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the center charge cut hole far from the orifice is 4055 milliseconds, the initiation delay time for the portion of the first order pilot hole one adjacent to the orifice was 1205 milliseconds, the initiation delay time for the portion of the first-order pilot hole one away from the orifice is 5255 milliseconds, the detonation delay time of the portion of the first-order secondary hole two near the orifice is 2005 milliseconds, the detonation delay time of the part of the first-order auxiliary hole II far away from the orifice is 6005 milliseconds, the initiation delay time for the portion of the first order secondary hole three near the orifice is 1705 milliseconds, the detonation delay time of the portion of the first order pilot hole three away from the orifice is 5855 milliseconds, the initiation delay time for the portion of the first order pilot hole four adjacent the port is 1805 milliseconds, the detonation delay time of the part of the first-order auxiliary hole four far away from the orifice is 5255 milliseconds; the initiation delay time of the part, close to the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole four is 2805 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the part, far from the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole four is 6805 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the part, close to the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole three is 2955 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the part, far from the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole three is 6955 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the part, close to the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole two is 3105 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the part, far from the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole two is 7105 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the part, close to the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole one is 3255 milliseconds, and the initiation delay time of the part, far from the orifice, of the second-order auxiliary hole one is 7255 milliseconds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a one-shot hole pattern design of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the one-shot blasting electrical detonation network of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one shot blasting of a blind raise of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the charge structure in the blast hole of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
101. a second-order auxiliary hole I; 102. a second-order auxiliary hole II; 103. a second-order auxiliary hole III; 104. a second-order auxiliary hole IV; 201. a first-order auxiliary hole I; 202. a first-order auxiliary hole II; 203. a first-order auxiliary hole III; 204. a first-order auxiliary hole four; 3. a second order void; 4. a first order void; 5. a central explosive-filling cut hole; 6. detonating the connecting lead; 7. a detonator lead wire; 8. gathering the ore tank; 9. sealing the stemming on the lower layer; 10. a first blasting charge is initiated at the lower layer orifice; 11. a lower layer of explosive; 12. a second blasting charge is initiated at the lower layer orifice; 13. sealing the stemming on the upper layer; 14. initiating a first explosive bag at the upper layer of the hole; 15. an upper explosive layer; 16. and initiating a second explosive bag at the upper layer of the hole.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a one-shot blasting well completion method for a blind raise of an underground mine, which includes the following steps:
s1, determining blast holes, wherein the determined blast holes are specifically used for removing pumice and uneven rocks on a planned well working surface of the blind raise, and then determining the positions and the number of the center-charge cut holes 5, the first-order hollow holes 4, the second-order hollow holes 3, the first-order auxiliary holes and the second-order auxiliary holes on the planned well working surface;
s2, drilling blast holes, wherein the drilling blast holes are specifically formed by drilling the central charging cut holes 5, the first-order hollow holes 4, the second-order hollow holes 3, the first-order auxiliary holes and the second-order auxiliary holes by using a rock drilling jumbo according to the positions and the number of the central charging cut holes 5, the first-order hollow holes 4, the second-order hollow holes 3, the first-order auxiliary holes and the second-order auxiliary holes; the central charging cut hole 5, the first-order hollow hole 4, the second-order hollow hole 3, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole are counter bores;
s3, arranging an initiating explosive charge and filling blast holes, wherein the arranging of the initiating explosive charge and the filling blast holes are specifically to carry out initiating explosive charge arrangement and filling operation on the central explosive cut hole 5, the first-order auxiliary holes and the second-order auxiliary holes;
s4, connecting wires, namely inserting digital detonators into the blasting charge in the central charge cut-out hole 5, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole, and electrically connecting the detonator lead wires 7 of all the digital detonators with the blasting connection lead wires 6;
s5, carrying out initiation, wherein the initiation specifically comprises the step of uniformly carrying out two times of initiation on the initiating explosive packet in the central explosive filling cut hole 5, the initiating explosive packet in the first-order auxiliary hole and the initiating explosive packet in the second-order auxiliary hole; wherein the portion of the orifices near the center charge cut hole 5, the portion of the orifices near the first order secondary holes, and the portion of the orifices near the second order secondary holes are preferentially detonated.
As shown in fig. 2, the number of the center-charge cut holes 5 is 1, the number of the first-order holes 4 and the number of the second-order holes 3 are both 6, and the number of the first-order auxiliary holes and the number of the second-order auxiliary holes are both 4. The central charging cut hole 5 is arranged in the center of a primary blasting finished well, the first-order hollow hole 4 and the second-order hollow hole 3 are arranged on a circular ring with the central charging cut hole as the center of a circle at equal angles, and the 4 first-order auxiliary holes and the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are arranged on four vertexes of a square edge with the central charging cut hole as the center.
Specifically, the first-order holes 4 and the second-order holes 3 are arranged in an annular array by taking the central charging cut hole 5 as a center, the center distance between the first-order holes 4 and the central charging cut hole 5 is smaller than the center distance between the second-order holes 3 and the central charging cut hole 5, and the center distance between the first-order holes 4 and the central charging cut hole 5 is preferably 0.2 m.
Specifically, the 4 first-order auxiliary holes are a first-order auxiliary hole one 201, a first-order auxiliary hole two 202, a first-order auxiliary hole three 203, and a first-order auxiliary hole four 204, and the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are a second-order auxiliary hole one 101, a second-order auxiliary hole two 102, a second-order auxiliary hole three 103, and a second-order auxiliary hole four 104.
The medium-length hole blasting has two important parameters, namely compensation space and hole-to-hole differential blasting time, and the key of one-time well completion lies in the reasonable arrangement of the two parameters, namely the problem of the compensation space is solved, the compensation space is solved through the medium-length hole, and then the hole-to-hole differential blasting time is determined. Considering the field construction conditions, objective factors and subjective factors such as deflection of the medium-length hole trolley, a blast hole arrangement plan is shown in fig. 2, and the detonation sequence and the blast hole diameter are as follows: the middle 1 is a loading hole core, namely a central loading slotted hole 5, drilling construction is carried out by adopting YGZ-90 or Simbar1354 trolley, the diameter of the central loading slotted hole 5 is 89mm, the peripheral 12 holes are empty holes, namely 6 first-order empty holes 4 and 6 second-order empty holes 3, to provide compensation space for a free surface, the diameters of the 6 first-order empty holes 4 and 6 second-order empty holes 3 are 76mm, the diameters of the 8 peripheral holes are 4 first-order auxiliary holes and 4 second-order auxiliary holes, and the diameters of the 4 first-order auxiliary holes and 4 second-order auxiliary holes are 76 mm; the central charging cut hole 5, all the first-order hollow holes 4, all the second-order hollow holes 3, all the first-order auxiliary holes and all the second-order auxiliary holes are vertically upward, and the hole depth is 17.0 m.
As shown in fig. 5, the central charge cut hole 5, the first-order auxiliary hole, and the second-order auxiliary hole are sequentially and closely filled with a second upper-layer orifice initiating explosive charge 16, an upper explosive charge 15, a first upper-layer orifice initiating explosive charge 14, an upper-layer sealing stemming 13, a second lower-layer orifice initiating explosive charge 12, a lower explosive charge 11, a first lower-layer orifice initiating explosive charge 10, and a lower-layer sealing stemming 9 from the hole bottom to the orifice.
The hole depths of the central charging cut hole 5, the first-order hollow hole 4, the second-order hollow hole 3, the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole are all 17 m. The filling thickness of the lower layer sealing stemming 9 and the filling thickness of the upper layer sealing stemming 13 are both 0.3 m; the sum of the filling thickness of the upper-layer sealing stemming 13, the filling thickness of the lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package two 12, the filling thickness of the lower-layer explosive 11, the filling thickness of the lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package one 10 and the filling thickness of the lower-layer sealing stemming 9 is 8m, wherein the lower-layer sealing stemming 9 and the upper-layer sealing stemming 13 are preferably yellow mud, and detonator numbers are arranged on the upper-layer orifice initiating explosive package two 16, the upper-layer orifice initiating explosive package one 14, the lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package two 12 and the lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package one 10.
The initiation sequence is divided into two layers of initiation, the whole cutting well is mainly divided into two layers for blasting, the lower part, namely the 8m part close to the orifice, rings first, the upper part, namely the 9m part far away from the orifice, rings later, the middle part is filled with 300mm by using yellow mud, and after a lower blasting space is formed, the upper hole blasting is carried out to form the cutting well. The upper part of each charging hole is 8.7m, the middle part of each charging hole is filled with stemming for 0.3m, the lower part of each charging hole is 8m, when in initiation, the lower part of each charging hole is initiated firstly, then the upper part of each charging hole is initiated, the rest peripheral holes are initiated sequentially, a digital detonator is adopted, the total number of the charging holes is 9, and the initiation delay time is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 blast hole delay watch for once drilling by core hole blasting
Example 2
Based on the above embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a one-shot blasting well-forming construction process for a blind raise of an underground mine, and the specific implementation manner is as follows:
1. the blast hole arrangement process is characterized in that pumice and uneven rocks are removed on the planned well working surface of the blind raise, namely the top of the ore gathering groove 8, and a drill jumbo is used for drilling the central charge cut hole 5, the first-order hollow hole 4, the second-order hollow hole 3 and the peripheral auxiliary holes. The central charging cut hole 5 is arranged in the center of a blasting finished well, the 6 first-order hollow holes 4 and the 6 second-order hollow holes 3 are all arranged on a circular ring taking the central charging cut hole as the center of a circle at equal angles, and the 4 first-order auxiliary holes and the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are arranged on four vertexes of a square edge taking the central charging cut hole as the center.
2. Drilling process with a hole diameter of
Or
The construction method is designed to be a hole-machine core, each hole is vertically upward, the angle is 90 degrees, construction must be carried out strictly according to the parameters of each hole during construction, and the phenomenon of through holes among the holes is prevented. The hole diameter of the central powder charge cut hole 5 is 89mm, the hole is vertically upward, the hole depth is 17m, 4 first-order auxiliary holes and 4 second-order auxiliary holes are distributed around the central powder charge cut hole 5 and used for controlling the shape of the blind courtyard, the diameters of the 4 first-order auxiliary holes and the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are 76mm, and the hole depth is 17m vertically upward. 6 first- order holes 4 and 6 second order holes 3 do not all carry out the powder charge, and for initial compensation space, the diameter of 6 first- order holes 4 and 6 second order holes 3 is 76mm, and the hole is gone up perpendicularly, hole depth 17 m. The allowable error of the blast hole deflection angle in the rock drilling jumbo construction is within +/-1 DEG of the designed inclination angle, and the allowable error of the depth is within +/-0.2 m of the designed blast hole.
3. And delay time process control, wherein the initiation sequence adopts an electronic detonator to be divided into an upper layer and a lower layer for initiation, the whole cutting well is mainly divided into two layers for blasting, and each layer of hole opening and hole bottom is subjected to bidirectional initiation and hole-by-hole differential blasting. The hole 5 is drawn in the first blasting lower floor's central powder charge of detonating earlier during the detonation, 5 milliseconds are postponed to the electron detonator, 4 first-order auxiliary holes and 4 second-order auxiliary holes by 4 first-order auxiliary holes and 4 second-order auxiliary holes of the lower floor of detonating near and far, the electron detonator postpones and increases gradually, accomplish the blasting of lower floor after, then explode upper strata central powder charge cut hole 5, 4 first-order auxiliary holes and 4 second-order auxiliary holes, explode upper 4 first-order auxiliary holes and 4 second-order auxiliary holes earlier similarly, form the courtyard step by near and far. The specific initiation delays for each well are shown in table 1. Here, the lower layer means a portion close to the orifice, and the upper layer means a portion far from the orifice.
4. The method comprises the steps of arranging a priming explosive package and filling blast holes, adopting digital detonators, inserting the digital detonators into a priming explosive roll, firstly installing upper-layer hole-bottom digital detonators and priming explosive packages in each charging hole, laying upper-layer hole-bottom digital detonators and priming explosive package No. 2 rock emulsion explosives when powdery explosives are loaded to a position 7.5m away from a hole opening, and plugging 300mm by using stemming after the upper-layer charging is completed. And then, continuously loading the lower-layer hole bottom digital detonator, the initiating explosive package and the viscous explosive, laying the lower-layer hole digital detonator and the initiating explosive package at a position 1m away from the hole opening, plugging the blast hole after the loading is finished, wherein the non-loaded length of the hole opening is about 300mm, plugging by using stemming, and loading and plugging all the loading holes according to the loading and plugging except for empty space. The initiating explosive charges are 2# rock emulsion explosive, and the schematic diagram of charging in the hole is shown in figure 5.
5. And (3) charging by adopting a common charging device, wherein the viscous granular explosive is adopted, the detonation velocity is not lower than 2800m/s, and the primary explosive bag is 50mm or 70mm emulsion explosive. The charging of each charging hole adopts a continuous coupling charging structure.
6. When the digital detonator is connected, the lower layer of each charging hole is connected in sequence, and then the upper layer of each charging hole is connected in sequence, so that the digital detonator is convenient to delay.
7. The initiation sequence is that the lower layer central charging cut hole 5 is initiated first, and the lower layer first-order auxiliary holes 201-204 and the second-order auxiliary holes 101-104 are initiated in sequence; then, detonating the upper layer central charging cut hole 5, and finally, sequentially detonating the upper layer first-order auxiliary holes 201-204 and the second-order auxiliary holes 101-104.
According to the invention, the blind raise is formed by one-time blasting by adopting the micro-difference blasting among holes, the medium-length hole-by-hole blasting is adopted, the construction is simple, the efficiency is high, the production cost is greatly reduced, the safety risk is also greatly reduced, and the blasting forming quality of the ore gathering groove is improved. The blast holes are simple in arrangement, only the central charging cut hole and the peripheral auxiliary holes are arranged in the charging blast holes, and the auxiliary holes and the peripheral holes which need to be arranged in common raise blasting are simplified to the situation that only one circle of peripheral auxiliary holes need to be arranged. The construction is carried out by adopting YGZ-90 or Simbar1354 trolley, so that the operation can be completely mechanized, the tunneling speed is high, the working efficiency is high, workers do not need to enter the working face, the safety is high, and the working condition is good. The construction progress of the ore gathering groove is accelerated, the preparation time for ore removal is shortened, and the guarantee is provided for the mine to reach the yield according to the period. The explosive filling machine is convenient and fast to fill, high in efficiency, capable of reducing explosive loading amount, reducing explosive unit consumption and greatly reducing labor intensity.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A one-time blasting well completion method for a blind raise of an underground mine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining blast holes, wherein the determined blast holes are specifically positions and numbers of a central charge cut hole (5), a first-order hollow hole (4), a second-order hollow hole (3), a first-order auxiliary hole and a second-order auxiliary hole on a planned well working surface of the blind raise, and pumice and uneven rock on the planned well working surface are removed;
s2, drilling blast holes, wherein the drilling blast holes are specifically formed by drilling the central charge cut hole (5), the first-order hollow hole (4), the second-order hollow hole (3), the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole by using a rock drilling trolley according to the positions and the number of the central charge cut hole (5), the first-order hollow hole (4), the second-order hollow hole (3), the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole; the central charging cut hole (5), the first-order hollow hole (4), the second-order hollow hole (3), the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole are counter bores;
s3, arranging an initiating explosive charge and a filling blast hole, wherein the arranging of the initiating explosive charge and the filling blast hole are specifically to carry out initiating explosive charge arrangement and filling operation on the central charging cut hole (5), the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole;
s4, connecting wires, wherein the connecting wires are formed by inserting digital detonators into the blasting explosive packages in the center-charge cut hole (5), the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole, and electrically connecting the detonator leads (7) of all the digital detonators with a blasting connection lead (6);
s5, carrying out initiation, wherein the initiation specifically comprises the step of uniformly carrying out two times of initiation on the initiating explosive packet in the central explosive filling cut hole (5), the initiating explosive packet in the first-order auxiliary hole and the initiating explosive packet in the second-order auxiliary hole; wherein a portion of the apertures adjacent to the center-charge cut holes (5), a portion of the apertures adjacent to the first-order auxiliary holes, and a portion of the apertures adjacent to the second-order auxiliary holes are preferentially detonated.
2. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the central charging cut holes (5) is 1, the number of the first-order holes (4) and the number of the second-order holes (3) are both 6, and the number of the first-order auxiliary holes and the number of the second-order auxiliary holes are both 4.
3. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first-order holes (4) and the second-order holes (3) are arranged in an annular array by taking the central charging cut-out hole (5) as a center, and the center distance between the first-order holes (4) and the central charging cut-out hole (5) is smaller than the center distance between the second-order holes (3) and the central charging cut-out hole (5).
4. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the 4 first-order auxiliary holes are distributed in a square shape by taking the central charging cut hole (5) as a center, and the center distance between each first-order auxiliary hole and the central charging cut hole (5) is larger than the center distance between the first-order hollow hole (4) and the central charging cut hole (5); the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are distributed in a square mode by taking the central charging cut hole (5) as a center, and the center distance between each second-order auxiliary hole and the central charging cut hole (5) is larger than the center distance between each first-order auxiliary hole and the central charging cut hole (5).
5. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the included angle between the diagonal line of the square corresponding to the second-order auxiliary hole and the diagonal line of the square corresponding to the first-order auxiliary hole is 45 degrees.
6. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: s3 is that the hole bottom to the orifice of the central charging cut hole (5), the hole bottom to the orifice of the first-order auxiliary hole and the hole bottom to the orifice of the second-order auxiliary hole are sequentially and tightly attached and filled with an upper-layer orifice initiating explosive package II (16), an upper-layer explosive package (15), an upper-layer orifice initiating explosive package I (14), upper-layer sealing stemming (13), a lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package II (12), lower-layer explosive (11), a lower-layer orifice initiating explosive package I (10) and lower-layer sealing stemming (9).
7. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the hole depths of the central charging cut hole (5), the first-order hollow hole (4), the second-order hollow hole (3), the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole are all 17 m.
8. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the filling thickness of the lower layer sealing stemming (9) and the filling thickness of the upper layer sealing stemming (13) are both 0.3 m; the sum of the filling thickness of the upper layer sealing stemming (13), the filling thickness of the lower layer orifice initiating explosive package II (12), the filling thickness of the lower layer explosive (11), the filling thickness of the lower layer orifice initiating explosive package I (10) and the filling thickness of the lower layer sealing stemming (9) is 8 m.
9. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hole depths of the central charging cut hole (5), the first-order hollow hole (4), the second-order hollow hole (3), the first-order auxiliary hole and the second-order auxiliary hole are all 17 m; the initiation depth of the preferential initiation of the portion of the orifice close to the center-charge cut hole (5), the portion of the orifice close to the first-order auxiliary hole, and the portion of the orifice close to the second-order auxiliary hole are all 8 m.
10. The one-shot blasting well completion method for the blind raise of the underground mine according to claim 9, characterized in that: the 4 first-order auxiliary holes are respectively a first-order auxiliary hole I (201), a first-order auxiliary hole II (202), a first-order auxiliary hole III (203) and a first-order auxiliary hole IV (204), and the 4 second-order auxiliary holes are respectively a second-order auxiliary hole I (101), a second-order auxiliary hole II (102), a second-order auxiliary hole III (103) and a second-order auxiliary hole IV (104); the initiation delay time of the portion of the center charge cut hole (5) close to the orifice is 5 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the center charge cut hole (5) far from the orifice is 4055 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the first-order auxiliary hole one (201) close to the orifice is 1205 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the first-order auxiliary hole one (201) far from the orifice is 5255 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the first-order auxiliary hole two (202) close to the orifice is 2005 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the first-order auxiliary hole two (202) far from the orifice is 6005 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the first-order auxiliary hole three (203) close to the orifice is 1705 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the first-order auxiliary hole three (203) far from the orifice is 5855 milliseconds, and the initiation delay time of the portion of the first-order auxiliary hole four (204) close to the orifice is 1805 milliseconds, the detonation delay time for the portion of the first order secondary hole four (204) away from the orifice is 5255 milliseconds; the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole four (104) close to the orifice is 2805 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole four (104) far from the orifice is 6805 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole three (103) close to the orifice is 2955 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole three (103) far from the orifice is 6955 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole two (102) close to the orifice is 3105 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole two (102) far from the orifice is 7105 milliseconds, the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole one (101) close to the orifice is 3255 milliseconds, and the initiation delay time of the portion of the second-order auxiliary hole one (101) far from the orifice is 7255 milliseconds.
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