CN114566683A - Multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device and testing method thereof - Google Patents

Multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device and testing method thereof Download PDF

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CN114566683A
CN114566683A CN202210203788.0A CN202210203788A CN114566683A CN 114566683 A CN114566683 A CN 114566683A CN 202210203788 A CN202210203788 A CN 202210203788A CN 114566683 A CN114566683 A CN 114566683A
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liquid
valve
storage tank
liquid storage
galvanic pile
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CN114566683B (en
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赵乾乾
张少华
赵坤坤
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Nanjing Changsheng Energy Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Changsheng Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04276Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/18Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
    • H01M8/184Regeneration by electrochemical means
    • H01M8/188Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device and a testing method thereof, wherein the testing device comprises a lower liquid storage tank, an upper liquid storage tank, a liquid circulation system, a pressure gauge, a flowmeter and a penetration measurer; the mounting height of the upper liquid storage tank is higher than that of the galvanic pile, and the mounting height of the lower liquid storage tank is lower than that of the galvanic pile; the liquid circulation system is used for communicating the lower liquid storage tank with the liquid inlets of the corresponding cavities of the galvanic pile, communicating the upper liquid storage tank with the liquid outlets of the corresponding cavities of the galvanic pile and forming a circulation passage between the lower liquid storage tank and the upper liquid storage tank; the pressure gauge and the flowmeter are connected in series in the liquid circulation system. The multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device and the testing method thereof can give consideration to sealing performance testing, flow characteristic testing and cross flow testing, realize the function of one machine with multiple purposes, and provide a new scheme for a battery cell stack delivery testing process and fault identification.

Description

Multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device and testing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cell stack testing device and a testing method thereof, in particular to a multifunctional zinc-bromine flow cell stack testing device and a testing method thereof.
Background
Energy storage is an indispensable support technology for development of smart grids, renewable energy access, distributed power generation, micro-grids and electric vehicles. The Chinese power grid operation faces a plurality of challenges of continuous increase of the highest power load, expansion of the intermittent energy access proportion, limited peak regulation means and the like, high quality, safety, cleanness, economy and interaction are set targets of the intelligent power grid in China, and the energy storage technology, particularly the large-scale energy storage technology, has a plurality of advantages and can be widely applied to four links of power generation, power transmission, power distribution and power utilization. The energy storage link is regarded as an indispensable joint link in the construction of the smart grid and is known as the 'fifth element of the smart grid'. At present, global new energy is continuously and rapidly developed, the problem of fluctuation of new energy power generation can be solved to a great extent by an advanced energy storage technology, stable output of new energy electric quantity can be realized, abnormal motions of grid voltage, frequency, harmonic waves and the like caused by the fact that the new energy electric quantity is on line can be effectively adjusted, and wind power and solar power generation can be safely incorporated into a grid in a large scale. Energy storage products therefore have a large market space. Based on engineering implementation and operation maintenance, the zinc-bromine energy storage system is a large-scale system with energy storage within 10kwh-30MW and time of more than 2 hours, the power range of the zinc-bromine energy storage system is 20kw-20MW level, and the time of more than 2 hours, and the zinc-bromine energy storage system is one of the best energy storage modes.
The zinc-bromine Flow energy storage Cell is a novel and efficient electrochemical energy storage device, and is also called a Redox Flow energy storage Cell (Flow Redox Cell). The electrolyte solution (energy storage medium) of the energy storage battery is stored in an electrolyte storage tank outside the battery, the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the battery are separated into two mutually independent chambers (a positive electrode side and a negative electrode side) by a microporous membrane, and the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte are forced to circularly flow in a closed loop formed by the liquid storage tank and the battery by respective power pumps when the battery works.
During charging: zinc ions (Zn2+) in the electrolyte obtain 2 electrons at the anode of the battery, are reduced into a zinc simple substance (Zn), and are plated on the anode plate; and the cathode side bromine ions (Br-) lose electrons at the cathode of the battery and are oxidized into bromine simple substance (Br2), and meanwhile, the bromine simple substance is captured by the complex (MEP) in the solution to form polybromine complex (MEPBrn), and the polybromine complex (MEPBrn) is precipitated from the electrolyte and stored in a liquid storage tank outside the galvanic pile.
During discharging: the elemental zinc (Zn) deposited on the negative plate loses 2 electrons, generates zinc ions (Zn2+) and dissolves in the electrolyte. At the same time, near the positive electrode, the complex enters the reaction zone where bromine is reduced to produce bromide ions (Br "). The active substances in the solution are continuously converted into each other by the circulation, so that the storage and the application of the electric energy are realized. Therefore, the zinc-bromine battery has the following remarkable characteristics:
(1) safe and reliable: the reaction place and the storage place of the active substances of the battery are mutually independent, and the battery does not catch fire or explode and has natural safety property; (2) the service life is long: the service life of the system is 10-20 years, and the cycle life is more than 3000 times; (3) the energy density is high: the theoretical energy density of the battery can reach 435Wh/kg, and actually can reach 60 Wh/kg; (4) the electrolyte is simple: the components of the positive and negative electrolytes are completely consistent, no cross contamination of the electrolytes exists, and the theoretical service life is unlimited; (5) easy thermal management: the flowing of the electrolyte is beneficial to the thermal management of a battery system, which is difficult to achieve by the traditional battery; (6) deep discharge: the deep discharge can be performed by 100 percent, and the performance and the service life of the battery are not influenced; (7) the material is environment-friendly and easy to obtain: the main components of the used electrode and diaphragm materials are plastics, and the electrode and diaphragm materials do not contain heavy metals, are low in price, can be recycled and are environment-friendly: (8) the economic performance is excellent: the overall cost of the system is low, and the system has good commercial application prospect; (9) the configuration is flexible: the battery is in modular design, the power and the capacity are mutually independent, and the field scheduling is flexible.
However, in the actual industrialization process, the technology has some problems, such as leakage of the stack. The leakage comprises external leakage and internal leakage, wherein the external leakage is that electrolyte inside the galvanic pile penetrates through a sealing surface and permeates to the outside of the galvanic pile; internal leakage refers to that the electrolyte of positive and negative electrodes permeates into the inside of the pile due to the damage of the isolating membrane and other reasons, so that the self-discharge rate of the battery is aggravated and even the battery is scrapped. Compared with external leakage, the internal leakage phenomenon is more hidden and is difficult to perceive, so that the leakage detection of the battery is especially important before the battery leaves a factory. In addition, when a plurality of zinc-bromine battery galvanic piles are operated in parallel, the flow rate of the electrolyte flowing through each galvanic pile is different due to the difference of the resistance characteristics of the galvanic piles, and the fluid characteristic parameters of the galvanic piles need to be analyzed quantitatively.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery pile testing device and the testing method thereof can detect leakage of the battery pile, so that reliability of the zinc-bromine flow battery pile is ensured.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery pile testing device which comprises a lower liquid storage tank, an upper liquid storage tank, a liquid circulating system, a pressure gauge, a flowmeter and a permeability measurer, wherein the lower liquid storage tank is connected with the upper liquid storage tank through a pipeline;
the mounting height of the upper liquid storage tank is higher than that of the galvanic pile, and the mounting height of the lower liquid storage tank is lower than that of the galvanic pile; the liquid circulation system is used for communicating the lower liquid storage tank with the liquid inlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile, communicating the upper liquid storage tank with the liquid outlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile, forming a circulation passage between the lower liquid storage tank and the upper liquid storage tank and enabling the on-off state of the liquid inlets and the liquid outlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile to be respectively controllable; the pressure gauge and the flowmeter are connected in series in the liquid circulation system and are used for measuring the liquid pressure and the flow at corresponding positions; and the infiltration measurer is used for being communicated with the liquid outlet of each corresponding cavity of the electric pile and is used for receiving and measuring the volume of the infiltrated liquid.
As a further limited proposal of the testing device, the liquid circulating system comprises a circulating pump, a branch pipeline, a permeation liquid outlet pipeline and a transfusion pipeline; the flow meter comprises a first flow meter and a second flow meter; the infiltration measurer comprises a first measurer and a second measurer; the overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank is communicated with the liquid inlet of the lower liquid storage tank through a liquid conveying pipeline, the liquid inlet of the upper liquid storage tank is communicated with the liquid outlet of the circulating pump through a liquid conveying pipeline, the liquid inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with the liquid outlet of the lower liquid storage tank through a liquid conveying pipeline, and the pressure gauge is arranged on the liquid conveying pipeline at the liquid outlet of the circulating pump; a first valve is connected in series on a transfusion pipeline at the liquid inlet of the upper liquid storage tank; the branch pipeline is communicated with the liquid outlet of the circulating pump, and a second valve is connected in series at the inlet of the branch pipeline; the outlet of the branch pipeline is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline which is used for being connected with a liquid inlet of a positive electrode cavity and a liquid inlet of a negative electrode cavity of the galvanic pile; the liquid outlet of the upper liquid storage tank is communicated with the branch pipeline through a liquid conveying pipeline, and a third valve is connected in series on the liquid conveying pipeline at the liquid outlet of the upper liquid storage tank; a liquid inlet of the lower liquid storage tank is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline which is communicated with a liquid outlet of a positive electrode cavity and a liquid outlet of a negative electrode cavity of the galvanic pile; a fourth valve is connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid inlet of an anode cavity of the galvanic pile, a fifth valve is connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid inlet of a cathode cavity of the galvanic pile, a sixth valve and a first flowmeter are connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid outlet of the anode cavity of the galvanic pile, and a seventh valve and a second flowmeter are connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid outlet of the cathode cavity of the galvanic pile; the first measurer is communicated with a liquid outlet of the cathode cavity of the galvanic pile through a permeation liquid outlet pipeline, and an eighth valve is connected in series on the permeation liquid outlet pipeline at the inlet of the first measurer; the second measurer is communicated with the liquid outlet of the anode cavity of the galvanic pile through a permeation liquid outlet pipeline, and a ninth valve is connected in series on the permeation liquid outlet pipeline at the inlet of the second measurer.
As a further limited scheme of the testing device of the present invention, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve and the ninth valve are all electrically controlled valves, and are all coordinately controlled by one controller module.
As a further limiting scheme of the testing device, the height difference between the height of the overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank and the height of the center of the galvanic pile is H, and the range of H is 2.8-4.2 m.
The invention also provides a testing method of the multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device, which comprises a flow testing step, and the testing method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, communicating a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of each corresponding cavity of the galvanic pile with corresponding pipelines, then closing the first valve, the third valve, the ninth valve and the eighth valve, and opening the second valve, the fifth valve, the fourth valve, the sixth valve and the seventh valve;
then, starting a circulating pump, sucking and pressurizing liquid in the lower liquid storage tank, enabling the pressurized liquid to respectively enter a liquid inlet of a positive cavity and a liquid inlet of a negative cavity of the galvanic pile through a fifth valve and a fourth valve after passing through a second valve, enabling the liquid to respectively flow out of a liquid outlet of the positive cavity and a liquid outlet of the negative cavity of the galvanic pile and then to respectively flow back to the lower liquid storage tank through a sixth valve and a seventh valve, and respectively measuring a liquid pressure value, a positive flow value and a negative flow value of the circulating pump at corresponding positions under different output powers by a pressure gauge, a first flow meter and a second flow meter;
and finally, constructing an actual measurement resistance curve by using the corresponding groups of liquid pressure values, positive electrode flow values and negative electrode flow values under different output powers, comparing the actual measurement resistance curve with a standard resistance curve, and if the actual measurement resistance curve is positioned in a qualified pressure interval formed by the standard resistance curve, indicating that the flow test is qualified, otherwise, indicating that the flow test is unqualified.
As a further limiting scheme of the testing method, the measured resistance curve and the standard resistance curve are both established in a rectangular coordinate system with the liquid pressure value and the flow value as the abscissa and the ordinate respectively, the standard resistance curve is two boundary curves, the area between the two boundary curves is a qualified area, and the area outside the two boundary curves is an unqualified area.
As a further limiting scheme of the test method of the present invention, the method further comprises a forward cross flow test and a reverse cross flow measurement, wherein the forward cross flow test comprises the following specific steps:
opening a first valve, a third valve, a fourth valve and an eighth valve, closing the second valve and a fifth valve, feeding liquid in an upper liquid storage tank into an anode cavity of the galvanic pile after passing through the third valve and the fourth valve, permeating the liquid into a cathode cavity from the anode cavity through a microporous membrane under the action of differential pressure, flowing out of a liquid outlet of the cathode cavity of the galvanic pile, flowing into a first measurer after passing through the eighth valve, and measuring the volume of the liquid accumulated in the first measurer within a certain time, thereby measuring the forward permeation quantity of the diaphragm liquid;
the reverse cross flow test comprises the following specific steps:
opening a first valve, a third valve, a fifth valve and a ninth valve, closing the second valve and the fourth valve, feeding liquid in an upper liquid storage tank into a negative electrode cavity of the pile after passing through the third valve and the fifth valve, permeating the liquid into a positive electrode cavity from the negative electrode cavity through a microporous membrane under the action of differential pressure, flowing out of a liquid outlet of the positive electrode cavity of the pile, flowing into a second measurer after passing through the ninth valve, and measuring the volume of the liquid accumulated in the second measurer within a certain time so as to measure the reverse permeation quantity of the diaphragm liquid;
and if the forward osmosis amount and the reverse osmosis amount are both within the interval range of the qualified osmosis amount, the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test are qualified, otherwise, the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test are unqualified.
As a further limiting scheme of the testing method, before the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test, the method also comprises a liquid level preparation step, and the specific steps are as follows:
the second valve, the third valve, the fifth valve, the fourth valve, the ninth valve, the eighth valve, the sixth valve and the seventh valve are closed, the first valve is opened, the circulating pump is started again, liquid in the lower liquid storage tank is sucked and pressurized, the boosted liquid enters the upper liquid storage tank through the first valve, when the liquid level in the upper liquid storage tank reaches the position of the overflow port, the liquid flows out of the overflow port and enters the lower liquid storage tank, the liquid level in the upper liquid storage tank is maintained to be constant through the circulation of the liquid path, and the electric pile is located below the liquid level, so that the constant height difference H is maintained between the overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank and the center of the electric pile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the pressure gauge and the flow meter are connected in series in the liquid circulation system, and the liquid pressure and the flow at the corresponding positions can be measured, so that the flow resistance of the liquid of the galvanic pile and the permeation quantity of the diaphragm liquid in use are judged, whether the galvanic pile is qualified or not is judged quickly, and the ex-factory qualification rate of the battery is ensured; the lower liquid storage tank, the galvanic pile and the upper liquid storage tank are respectively arranged at the upper, middle and lower three height positions, so that natural and stable liquid flow can be formed through liquid level height difference during use, and the reliability of the galvanic pile during testing is ensured; a circulation passage is formed between the lower liquid storage tank and the upper liquid storage tank by using a liquid circulation system, so that a stable liquid level difference is formed between the lower liquid storage tank and the galvanic pile during testing, and the stability of the testing is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a standard resistance curve according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of permeation measurements according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stack assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a galvanic pile according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device of the invention comprises: the device comprises a lower liquid storage tank 1, an upper liquid storage tank 6, a liquid circulating system, a pressure gauge 3, a flowmeter and a permeability measurer;
the mounting height of the upper liquid storage tank 6 is higher than that of the galvanic pile 10, and the mounting height of the lower liquid storage tank 1 is lower than that of the galvanic pile 10; the liquid circulation system is used for communicating the lower liquid storage tank 1 with the liquid inlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile 10, communicating the upper liquid storage tank 6 with the liquid outlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile 10, forming a circulation passage between the lower liquid storage tank 1 and the upper liquid storage tank 6 and controlling the on-off state of the liquid inlets and the liquid outlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile 10; the pressure gauge 3 and the flowmeter are connected in series in the liquid circulation system and are used for measuring the liquid pressure and the flow at corresponding positions; the infiltration measurer is used for communicating with the liquid outlet of each corresponding chamber of the electric pile 10 and is used for receiving and measuring the volume of the infiltrated liquid.
The pressure gauge 3 and the flowmeter are connected in series in the liquid circulation system, and the liquid pressure and the flow at the corresponding positions can be measured, so that the flow resistance of the liquid of the galvanic pile 10 and the permeation quantity of the diaphragm liquid during use are judged, whether the galvanic pile 10 is qualified or not is judged quickly, and the outgoing qualification rate of the battery is ensured; the lower liquid storage tank 1, the galvanic pile 10 and the upper liquid storage tank 6 are respectively arranged at the upper, middle and lower three height positions, so that natural and stable liquid flow can be formed through liquid level height difference during use, and the reliability of the galvanic pile 10 during testing is ensured; a circulation passage is formed between the lower liquid storage tank 1 and the upper liquid storage tank 6 by using a liquid circulation system, so that a stable liquid level difference is formed between the lower liquid storage tank 1 and the electric pile 10 during testing, and the stability of the testing is ensured.
As a further limiting solution of the testing device of the present invention, the liquid circulation system comprises a circulation pump 2, a branch pipe, a permeate outlet pipe and a liquid delivery pipe; the flow meters include a first flow meter 15 and a second flow meter 16; the infiltration measurer includes a first measurer 13 and a second measurer 14; the overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank 6 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the lower liquid storage tank 1 through a liquid conveying pipeline, the liquid inlet of the upper liquid storage tank 6 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the circulating pump 2 through a liquid conveying pipeline, the liquid inlet of the circulating pump 2 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the lower liquid storage tank 1 through a liquid conveying pipeline, and the pressure gauge 3 is arranged on the liquid conveying pipeline at the liquid outlet of the circulating pump 2; a first valve 4 is connected in series on a liquid conveying pipeline at the liquid inlet of the upper liquid storage tank 6; the branch pipeline is communicated with the liquid outlet of the circulating pump 2, and a second valve 5 is connected in series at the inlet of the branch pipeline; the outlet of the branch pipeline is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline which is used for being connected with a liquid inlet of a positive electrode cavity and a liquid inlet of a negative electrode cavity of the galvanic pile 10; the liquid outlet of the upper liquid storage tank 6 is communicated with the branch pipeline through a liquid conveying pipeline, and a third valve 7 is connected in series on the liquid conveying pipeline at the liquid outlet of the upper liquid storage tank 6; a liquid inlet of the lower liquid storage tank 1 is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline which is communicated with a liquid outlet of the positive electrode cavity and a liquid outlet of the negative electrode cavity of the electric pile 10; a fourth valve 9 is connected in series on a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid inlet of an anode cavity of the galvanic pile 10, a fifth valve 8 is connected in series on a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid inlet of a cathode cavity of the galvanic pile 10, a sixth valve 17 and a first flowmeter 15 are connected in series on a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid outlet of the anode cavity of the galvanic pile 10, and a seventh valve 18 and a second flowmeter 16 are connected in series on a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid outlet of the cathode cavity of the galvanic pile 10; the first measurer 13 is used for being communicated with a liquid outlet of a cathode chamber of the galvanic pile 10 through a permeate liquid pipeline, and an eighth valve 12 is connected in series on the permeate liquid pipeline at an inlet of the first measurer 13; the second measuring device 14 is used for communicating with the liquid outlet of the positive electrode chamber of the galvanic pile 10 through a permeate liquid pipeline, and a ninth valve 11 is connected in series on the permeate liquid pipeline at the inlet of the second measuring device 14.
By means of the matched arrangement of the first valve 4, the second valve 5, the third valve 7, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 8, the sixth valve 17, the seventh valve 18, the eighth valve 12 and the ninth valve 11, the liquid circulation system can be switched to carry out flow test and cross flow test, and the multifunctional test requirement is met; the first flowmeter 15 and the second flowmeter 16 can independently measure the flow rates of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the reliability of the test is ensured; utilize first caliber 13 and second caliber 14 to measure respectively forward and reverse infiltration volume, thereby judge whether qualified the diaphragm, first caliber 13 and second caliber 14 can adopt current electron graduated flask to carry out the infiltration volume measurement to the liquid of infiltration, perhaps adopt current electronic scale to carry out the weighing measurement to the infiltration liquid in the liquid storage tank and realize the infiltration volume measurement, perhaps adopt current level sensor to carry out the level measurement to the infiltration liquid in the liquid storage tank and realize the infiltration volume measurement, be connected the electron graduated flask during implementation, electronic scale or level sensor and controller module electricity can.
As a further limitation of the testing device of the present invention, the first valve 4, the second valve 5, the third valve 7, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 8, the sixth valve 17, the seventh valve 18, the eighth valve 12 and the ninth valve 11 are all electrically controlled valves, and are all coordinately controlled by a controller module. And the controller module is used for carrying out coordination control on each electric control valve, so that the measurement can be carried out automatically, and the testing efficiency is improved.
As a further limiting scheme of the testing device, the height difference between the height of the overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank 6 and the height of the center of the electric pile 10 is H, and the range of H is 2.8-4.2 m. The requirement of stabilizing the liquid pressure during the test can be met through the set height difference H, and the reliability of the positive and negative cross test is ensured.
The invention also provides a testing method of the multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device, which comprises a flow testing step, and the testing method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, communicating a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of each corresponding cavity of the galvanic pile with corresponding pipelines, then closing the first valve 4, the third valve 7, the ninth valve 11 and the eighth valve 12, and opening the second valve 5, the fifth valve 8, the fourth valve 9, the sixth valve 17 and the seventh valve 18;
then, the circulating pump 2 is started again, liquid in the lower liquid storage tank 1 is sucked and pressurized, the pressurized liquid enters a liquid inlet of an anode cavity and a liquid inlet of a cathode cavity of the galvanic pile 10 through a fifth valve 8 and a fourth valve 9 after passing through a second valve 5, flows out of a liquid outlet of the anode cavity and a liquid outlet of the cathode cavity of the galvanic pile 10 and then flows back to the lower liquid storage tank 1 through a sixth valve 17 and a seventh valve 18, and a pressure gauge 3, a first flow meter 15 and a second flow meter 16 respectively measure a liquid pressure value, an anode flow value and a cathode flow value of the circulating pump 2 at corresponding positions under different output powers;
and finally, constructing an actual measurement resistance curve by using the corresponding groups of liquid pressure values, positive flow values and negative flow values under different output powers, comparing the actual measurement resistance curve with the standard resistance curve, and if the actual measurement resistance curve is positioned in a qualified pressure interval formed by the standard resistance curve, indicating that the flow test is qualified, otherwise, indicating that the flow test is unqualified.
Whether the liquid inside the battery permeates to the outside of the electric pile 10 can be detected through the pressurization circulation of the liquid inside the electric pile 10, so that the sealing performance of the electric pile 10 to the electrolyte can be evaluated; by measuring the flow data of the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte of the cell stacks 10 under different pressures, the fluid resistance characteristic data of each zinc-bromine battery cell stack is obtained, so that a quantitative basis can be provided for the fluid consistency evaluation of each cell stack 10, when the fluid resistance data of the cell stacks 10 are consistent, the flow of the electrolyte flowing through each cell stack 10 is constant, and therefore the fluid resistance of each cell stack 10 can be reflected through the flow, so that the cell stacks 10 with consistent fluid resistance characteristics can be configured in one group, as shown in fig. 4; the test result is utilized to construct an actually measured resistance curve, so that the actually measured resistance curve is compared with a qualified pressure interval of a standard resistance curve, whether the flow test is qualified or not can be quickly judged, the sealing performance of the electric pile 10 on the electrolyte can be quickly judged, in addition, when the deviation between the actually measured resistance curve and the standard resistance curve is too large, the battery fault caused by the resistance problem can be accurately identified, and the delivery reliability of the battery is improved.
As a further limiting scheme of the testing method of the present invention, the measured resistance curve and the standard resistance curve are both established in a rectangular coordinate system with the liquid pressure value and the flow rate value as the abscissa and the ordinate, respectively, as shown in fig. 2, and the standard resistance curve is two boundary curves, the area between the two boundary curves is a qualified area, and the area outside the two boundary curves is an unqualified area. The result judgment is more visual in an image curve mode, and the testing efficiency and the reliability are improved.
As a further limiting scheme of the testing method, the method also comprises a forward cross flow test and a reverse cross flow test;
the forward cross flow test comprises the following specific steps:
opening a first valve 4, a third valve 7, a fourth valve 9 and an eighth valve 12, closing a second valve 5 and a fifth valve 8, feeding the liquid in an upper liquid storage tank 6 into an anode chamber of a galvanic pile 10 after passing through the third valve 7 and the fourth valve 9, permeating the liquid into a cathode chamber from the anode chamber through a microporous membrane under the action of differential pressure, flowing out from a liquid outlet of the cathode chamber of the galvanic pile 10, flowing into a first measurer 13 after passing through the eighth valve 12, and measuring the volume of the liquid accumulated in the first measurer 13 within a certain time, thereby measuring the forward permeation quantity of the diaphragm liquid;
the reverse cross flow test comprises the following specific steps:
opening a first valve 4, a third valve 7, a fifth valve 8 and a ninth valve 11, closing a second valve 5 and a fourth valve 9, feeding the liquid in an upper liquid storage tank 6 into a negative electrode chamber of a galvanic pile 10 after passing through the third valve 7 and the fifth valve 8, permeating the liquid into a positive electrode chamber from the negative electrode chamber through a microporous membrane under the action of differential pressure, flowing out from a liquid outlet of the positive electrode chamber of the galvanic pile 10, flowing into a second measurer 14 after passing through the ninth valve 11, and measuring the volume of the liquid accumulated in the second measurer 14 within a certain time, thereby measuring the reverse osmosis amount of the diaphragm liquid;
if the forward osmosis amount and the reverse osmosis amount are both within the interval range of the qualified osmosis amount, the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test are qualified, otherwise, the test is unqualified, as shown in fig. 3.
Through cross flow test, the permeation quantity data of the electrolyte passing through the diaphragm under the constant pressure difference can be obtained, whether the cell stack has the risk of internal leakage or not is evaluated, the internal leakage risk of the cell stack 10 is eliminated, and the delivery reliability of the product is improved.
As a further limiting scheme of the testing method, before the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test, the method also comprises a liquid level preparation step, and the specific steps are as follows:
the second valve 5, the third valve 7, the fifth valve 8, the fourth valve 9, the ninth valve 11, the eighth valve 12, the sixth valve 17 and the seventh valve 18 are closed, the first valve 4 is opened, the circulating pump 2 is started again, liquid in the lower liquid storage tank 1 is sucked and pressurized, the boosted liquid enters the upper liquid storage tank 6 through the first valve 4, when the liquid level in the tank reaches the position of an overflow port, the liquid flows out of the overflow port and enters the lower liquid storage tank 1, the liquid level in the upper liquid storage tank 6 is kept constant through the liquid path circulation, the electric pile 10 is positioned below the liquid level, and the overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank 6 and the center of the electric pile 10 are kept at a constant height difference H.
The liquid level preparation step can provide a stable liquid pressure for the cross flow testing step, thereby ensuring the reliability of the cross flow test.
As shown in fig. 5, after the flow rate test and the cross flow rate test are performed in sequence on the electric pile 10 of the present invention, if both tests are qualified, it can be determined that the electric pile 10 is qualified, and then a shipment step can be entered; if external leakage exists during the flow test or the resistance test is unqualified, entering a repairing step, firstly judging whether the current electric pile 10 is repaired or not when entering the repairing step, and if the current electric pile 10 is repaired, not performing secondary repair and directly performing scrapping treatment; if internal leakage exists during cross flow testing, a repairing step is carried out, whether the current electric pile 10 is repaired or not is judged firstly when the repairing step is carried out, if the current electric pile 10 is repaired, secondary repairing is not carried out, and scrapping treatment is directly carried out; if the current electric pile 10 is repaired for the first time, the repair is allowed to be carried out, and a flow test and a cross flow test are also required after the electric pile 10 is repaired.
As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional zinc bromine flow battery pile testing arrangement which characterized in that: comprises a lower liquid storage tank (1), an upper liquid storage tank (6), a liquid circulating system, a pressure gauge (3), a flowmeter and a permeability measurer;
the mounting height of the upper liquid storage tank (6) is higher than that of the galvanic pile (10), and the mounting height of the lower liquid storage tank (1) is lower than that of the galvanic pile (10); the liquid circulation system is used for communicating the lower liquid storage tank (1) with the liquid inlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile (10), communicating the upper liquid storage tank (6) with the liquid outlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile (10), forming a circulation passage between the lower liquid storage tank (1) and the upper liquid storage tank (6), and enabling the on-off states of the liquid inlets and the liquid outlets of the corresponding cavities of the electric pile (10) to be controllable respectively; the pressure gauge (3) and the flowmeter are connected in series in the liquid circulation system and are used for measuring the liquid pressure and flow at corresponding positions; the infiltration measurer is used for being communicated with the liquid outlet of each corresponding chamber of the electric pile (10) and used for receiving and measuring the volume of the infiltrated liquid.
2. The multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the liquid circulating system comprises a circulating pump (2), branch pipelines, a permeation liquid outlet pipeline and a liquid conveying pipeline; the flow meter comprises a first flow meter (15) and a second flow meter (16); the infiltration measurer comprises a first measurer (13) and a second measurer (14); an overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank (6) is communicated with a liquid inlet of the lower liquid storage tank (1) through a liquid conveying pipeline, a liquid inlet of the upper liquid storage tank (6) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the circulating pump (2) through a liquid conveying pipeline, a liquid inlet of the circulating pump (2) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the lower liquid storage tank (1) through a liquid conveying pipeline, and the pressure gauge (3) is arranged on the liquid conveying pipeline at the liquid outlet of the circulating pump (2); a first valve (4) is connected in series on a transfusion pipeline at the liquid inlet of the upper liquid storage tank (6); the branch pipeline is communicated with a liquid outlet of the circulating pump (2), and a second valve (5) is connected in series at the inlet of the branch pipeline; the outlet of the branch pipeline is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline which is used for being connected with a liquid inlet of a positive electrode cavity and a liquid inlet of a negative electrode cavity of the galvanic pile (10); the liquid outlet of the upper liquid storage tank (6) is communicated with the branch pipeline through a liquid conveying pipeline, and a third valve (7) is connected in series on the liquid conveying pipeline at the liquid outlet of the upper liquid storage tank (6); a liquid inlet of the lower liquid storage tank (1) is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline which is communicated with a liquid outlet of the positive electrode cavity and a liquid outlet of the negative electrode cavity of the electric pile (10); a fourth valve (9) is connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid inlet of a positive cavity of the galvanic pile (10), a fifth valve (8) is connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid inlet of a negative cavity of the galvanic pile (10), a sixth valve (17) and a first flowmeter (15) are connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid outlet of the positive cavity of the galvanic pile (10), and a seventh valve (18) and a second flowmeter (16) are connected in series with a liquid conveying pipeline at a liquid outlet of the negative cavity of the galvanic pile (10); the first measurer (13) is communicated with a liquid outlet of a negative electrode cavity of the galvanic pile (10) through a permeation liquid outlet pipeline, and an eighth valve (12) is connected in series on the permeation liquid outlet pipeline at the inlet of the first measurer (13); the second measurer (14) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the anode chamber of the galvanic pile (10) through a permeation liquid outlet pipeline, and a ninth valve (11) is connected in series on the permeation liquid outlet pipeline at the inlet of the second measurer (14).
3. The multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the first valve (4), the second valve (5), the third valve (7), the fourth valve (9), the fifth valve (8), the sixth valve (17), the seventh valve (18), the eighth valve (12) and the ninth valve (11) are all electric control valves and are all coordinately controlled by one controller module.
4. The multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the height difference between the height of an overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank (6) and the height of the center of the electric pile (10) is H, and the range of H is 2.8-4.2 m.
5. The testing method of the multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising a flow testing step, wherein the specific testing step comprises the following steps:
firstly, communicating a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of each corresponding cavity of the galvanic pile with corresponding pipelines, then closing a first valve (4), a third valve (7), a ninth valve (11) and an eighth valve (12), and opening a second valve (5), a fifth valve (8), a fourth valve (9), a sixth valve (17) and a seventh valve (18);
then, the circulating pump (2) is started again, liquid in the lower liquid storage tank (1) is sucked and pressurized, the pressurized liquid passes through the second valve (5) and then enters a liquid inlet of an anode cavity and a liquid inlet of a cathode cavity of the galvanic pile (10) through the fifth valve (8) and the fourth valve (9) respectively, then flows out of a liquid outlet of the anode cavity and a liquid outlet of the cathode cavity of the galvanic pile (10) and then flows back to the lower liquid storage tank (1) through the sixth valve (17) and the seventh valve (18) respectively, and a pressure gauge (3), a first flow meter (15) and a second flow meter (16) respectively measure a liquid pressure value, an anode flow value and a cathode flow value of the circulating pump (2) at corresponding positions under different output powers;
and finally, constructing an actual measurement resistance curve by using the corresponding groups of liquid pressure values, positive flow values and negative flow values under different output powers, comparing the actual measurement resistance curve with the standard resistance curve, and if the actual measurement resistance curve is positioned in a qualified pressure interval formed by the standard resistance curve, indicating that the flow test is qualified, otherwise, indicating that the flow test is unqualified.
6. The test method according to claim 5, wherein the measured resistance curve and the standard resistance curve are each established in a rectangular coordinate system having the liquid pressure value and the flow rate value as an abscissa and an ordinate, respectively, and the standard resistance curve is two boundary curves, and an area between the two boundary curves is a pass area and an area outside the two boundary curves is a fail area.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising a forward cross flow test and a reverse cross flow test;
the forward cross flow test comprises the following specific steps:
opening a first valve (4), a third valve (7), a fourth valve (9) and an eighth valve (12), closing a second valve (5) and a fifth valve (8), sending liquid in an upper liquid storage tank (6) into an anode chamber of a galvanic pile (10) after passing through the third valve (7) and the fourth valve (9), permeating the liquid into a cathode chamber from the anode chamber through a microporous membrane under the action of differential pressure, then flowing out of a liquid outlet of the cathode chamber of the galvanic pile (10), flowing into a first measurer (13) after passing through the eighth valve (12), and measuring the volume of the liquid accumulated in the first measurer (13) within a certain time, thereby measuring the forward permeation quantity of the diaphragm liquid;
the reverse cross flow test comprises the following specific steps:
opening a first valve (4), a third valve (7), a fifth valve (8) and a ninth valve (11), closing a second valve (5) and a fourth valve (9), feeding liquid in an upper liquid storage tank (6) into a negative electrode cavity of a galvanic pile (10) after passing through the third valve (7) and the fifth valve (8), permeating the liquid into a positive electrode cavity from the negative electrode cavity through a microporous membrane under the action of differential pressure, flowing out of a liquid outlet of the positive electrode cavity of the galvanic pile (10), flowing into a second measurer (14) after passing through the ninth valve (11), and measuring the volume of the liquid accumulated in the second measurer (14) within a certain time, thereby measuring the reverse osmosis quantity of the diaphragm liquid;
and if the forward osmosis amount and the reverse osmosis amount are both within the interval range of the qualified osmosis amount, the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test are qualified, otherwise, the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test are unqualified.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising a liquid level preparation step before the forward cross flow test and the reverse cross flow test, the specific steps being:
the second valve (5), the third valve (7), the fifth valve (8), the fourth valve (9), the ninth valve (11), the eighth valve (12), the sixth valve (17) and the seventh valve (18) are closed, the first valve (4) is opened, the circulating pump (2) is restarted, liquid in the lower liquid storage tank (1) is sucked and pressurized, the boosted liquid enters the upper liquid storage tank (6) through the first valve (4), when the liquid level in the tank reaches the overflow port position, the liquid flows out of the overflow port and enters the lower liquid storage tank (1), the liquid level in the upper liquid storage tank (6) is maintained to be constant through the circulation of a liquid path, the pile (10) is located below the liquid level, and the overflow port of the upper liquid storage tank (6) and the center of the pile (10) are kept to be constant in height difference H.
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