CN114566323B - Fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114566323B CN114566323B CN202210277690.XA CN202210277690A CN114566323B CN 114566323 B CN114566323 B CN 114566323B CN 202210277690 A CN202210277690 A CN 202210277690A CN 114566323 B CN114566323 B CN 114566323B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
- H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of control cables, in particular to a fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection and a preparation method thereof. A fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire fighting is sequentially provided with an insulating layer, a fire-resistant layer, an oxygen isolation layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside, wherein the insulating layer is internally provided with a filler and a plurality of leads; wherein the fire-resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48-65 parts of polyethylene resin, 28-40 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15-30 parts of mineral filler, 5-8 parts of cardanol, 7-15 parts of antimony trioxide, 4-8 parts of zinc hydroxystannate, 1-3 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 5-12 parts of fiber. The application has the advantage of improving the fire resistance of the control cable.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of control cables, in particular to a fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A cable is a conductor made of one or more conductors insulated from each other and an outer insulating sheath that carries power or information from one location to another. The cable is divided into a plurality of types according to the difference of the use function and the environment, and the existing cable is divided into a fireproof cable, a wear-resistant cable, a signal cable, a shielding cable, a marine cable and the like.
The control cable is a polyvinyl chloride insulation and polyvinyl chloride sheath control cable suitable for industrial and mining enterprises, energy traffic departments, occasions of controlling and protecting lines with the AC rated voltage of below 450/750 volts and the like.
When a fire disaster happens, the insulating protective layer of the cable can be quickly burnt to fall off by high temperature and flame, so that the conditions of electric leakage and the like occur, and potential safety hazards are caused to fire rescue work. Therefore, improvement is yet to be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the fire resistance of the control cable, the application provides a fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection and a preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the application provides a fire-resistant, insulating type control cable is used in fire control adopts following technical scheme: a fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire fighting is sequentially provided with an insulating layer, a fire-resistant layer, an oxygen isolation layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside, wherein the insulating layer is internally provided with a filler and a plurality of leads; wherein the fire-resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48-65 parts of polyethylene resin, 28-40 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15-30 parts of mineral filler, 5-8 parts of cardanol, 7-15 parts of antimony trioxide, 4-8 parts of zinc hydroxystannate, 1-3 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 5-12 parts of fiber.
Preferably, the refractory layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54-60 parts of polyethylene resin, 33-36 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 20-25 parts of mineral filler, 5.8-6.9 parts of cardanol, 9-12 parts of antimony trioxide, 6.2-7.5 parts of zinc hydroxystannate, 1.8-2.5 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 7-10 parts of fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, under the common coordination of the antimony trioxide and the zinc hydroxystannate, the antimony trioxide and the zinc hydroxystannate are wrapped outside the polyethylene resin and the polyvinyl chloride resin; when the temperature of fire is raised, the antimony trioxide and the zinc hydroxystannate begin to decompose, and a large amount of heat brought by surrounding flame can be absorbed in the decomposition process, so that the temperature of a combustion area is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the water vapor generated by the decomposition of the oxygen and the combustible gas dilutes the concentration of the oxygen and the combustible gas to generate the non-combustible oxide, so that an isolating film is formed, and the isolating film can have the effect of well isolating the oxygen and the volatile combustible gas, thereby improving the fire resistance of the cable.
Under the common cooperation of cardanol, antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate, the cardanol with stronger polarity effectively improves the compatibility between the antimony trioxide and the zinc hydroxystannate and the base material, increases the contact area between polymer matrixes, inhibits the hard agglomeration of powder, enables the antimony trioxide and the zinc hydroxystannate to be uniformly distributed in the base material, and enables the coverage range of the isolation film to be more comprehensive.
In addition, under the cooperation of amino silane coupling agent, antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate, the surfaces of antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate are in nonpolar hydrophilic-to-organic lipophilic transition to increase the compatibility between the antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate with organisms such as base materials, and further the antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate are uniformly distributed.
Because the raw materials are more evenly distributed in the base material, all parts of the fire-resistant layer are more smooth and even, when the fire-resistant layer is impacted, the impact force is evenly dispersed and is not easy to be damaged, thereby playing the effect of improving the strength of the fire-resistant layer and the cable.
Preferably, the mineral filler comprises one or more of mica powder, glass powder, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.
Preferably, the mineral filler is mica powder and glass powder in a weight ratio of 1: (0.2-0.4) in proportion.
By adopting the technical scheme, under the condition that the mica powder and the glass powder are matched in a specific ratio, the molten glass powder fills gaps of the base material, and eutectic reaction occurs between the mica powder and the glass powder to form a compact ceramic layer, so that the fire resistance of the fire-resistant layer is further improved. Meanwhile, the ceramic layer and the isolating membrane are matched and supported with each other, so that the structure of the whole system is more stable, and good strength is kept.
Preferably, the fiber comprises one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber, flax fiber and bamboo fiber.
Preferably, the fibers are carbon fibers and flax fibers in a weight ratio of 1: (1.2-1.5) in proportion.
By adopting the technical scheme, the specific fiber is selected to be beneficial to improving the strength of the fire-resistant layer and the connection strength between the raw materials.
When the carbon fiber and the flax fiber are matched in a specific proportion, the stability of hydrophilic hydroxyl of the flax fiber for absorbing water molecules is improved, namely, moisture cannot easily permeate into the lead to cause short circuit in case of moisture in ordinary days. Meanwhile, the carbon fibers and the flax fibers are mutually wound, when the flax fibers are burnt in case of fire, the carbon fibers are broken and release energy to interfaces on two sides, and borne stress is transferred to the flax fibers. Under the stress within a certain degree, the internal force of the material generated by the flax fibers is not enough to be damaged, and the tensile stress born by some flax fibers is counteracted by the reverse stress born by the flax fibers at the periphery, so that the integral bearing capacity of the flame retardant coating is improved, the strength of the flame retardant coating is favorably improved, and the service life of the flame retardant coating is prolonged.
Preferably, the preparation method of the refractory layer comprises the following steps:
step 1): mixing and stirring polyethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin and fibers at 245-265 ℃ until the mixture is uniform;
step 2): continuously adding cardanol, antimony trioxide, zinc hydroxystannate and aminosilane coupling agent, keeping the conditions, and continuously mixing and stirring until the mixture is uniform;
step 3): continuously adding mineral filler, and mixing and stirring at 270-285 ℃ until the mixture is uniform;
step 4): melt-extruding, and then pressing and molding the extruded semi-finished product, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 275-290 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 12-15MPa, and the time is 8-15s, so as to obtain the finished product.
By adopting the technical scheme, the specific raw materials are added according to specific steps, so that the raw materials are fully reacted, and the fire resistance and the strength of the fire-resistant layer are improved.
In a second aspect, the application provides a method for preparing a fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection comprises the following steps:
step a): twisting a plurality of nickel-plated copper wires to prepare a lead;
step b): wrapping an insulating layer outside the lead, and filling filler in a gap between the insulating layer and the lead;
step c): and sequentially wrapping the fire-resistant layer, the oxygen-isolating layer and the sheath layer outside the insulating layer to obtain a finished product.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when meeting with the conflagration, the intensity of a fire need break through the restrictive coating earlier, separate the oxygen layer, then the flame retardant coating that burns again, burns the wire totally with the insulating layer burning at last, needs break through four layers of protection. And because the fire-resistant layer is prepared from special raw materials and by a special method, the fire-resistant layer has good fire resistance and strength, the difficulty that fire burns to a lead quickly is increased, and more time is provided for fire rescue.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the temperature of a fire disaster rises, the antimony trioxide and the zinc hydroxystannate begin to decompose, and a large amount of heat brought by surrounding flame can be absorbed in the decomposition process, so that the temperature of a combustion area is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the water vapor generated by the decomposition of the oxygen and the combustible gas dilutes the concentration of the oxygen and the combustible gas to generate the non-combustible oxide, so that an isolation film is formed, and the isolation film can have the effect of well isolating the oxygen and the volatile combustible gas, thereby improving the fire resistance of the cable.
2. Under the condition that the mica powder and the glass powder are matched in a specific ratio, the molten glass powder fills gaps of the base material, and eutectic reaction occurs between the mica powder and the glass powder to form a compact ceramic layer, so that the fire resistance of the fire-resistant layer is further improved. Meanwhile, the ceramic layer and the isolating membrane are matched and supported with each other, so that the structure of the whole system is more stable, and good strength is kept.
3. When the carbon fiber and the flax fiber are matched in a specific proportion, the stability of hydrophilic hydroxyl of the flax fiber for absorbing water molecules is improved, namely, moisture cannot easily permeate into the lead to cause short circuit when the flax fiber is in a humid condition in the evening.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a wire; 2. an insulating layer; 3. a refractory layer; 4. an oxygen barrier layer; 5. a sheath layer; 6. and (4) filling.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
The raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are commercially available products.
Examples
Example 1
The utility model provides a fire-resistant, insulating type control cable for fire control, refers to figure 1, includes filler 6, a plurality of wire 1, insulating layer 2, flame retardant coating 3, separates oxygen layer 4 and restrictive coating 5, and insulating layer 2 cladding is outside a plurality of wire 1, and the interval between insulating layer 2 and the wire 1 is filled by filler 6. The refractory layer 3 cladding is outside insulating layer 2, and the oxygen layer 4 cladding is outside refractory layer 3, and the restrictive coating 5 cladding is outside oxygen layer 4.
Wherein, the refractory layer 3 comprises the following raw materials: polyethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, mineral filler, cardanol, antimony trioxide, zinc hydroxystannate, an aminosilane coupling agent and fibers.
In this example, the mineral filler is mica powder, the fiber is glass fiber, and the aminosilane coupling agent is KH-602.
The preparation method of the refractory layer 3 comprises the following steps:
step 1): putting polyethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin and fiber into a stirrer, and mixing and stirring at 245 deg.C for 10min.
Step 2): adding cardanol, antimony trioxide, zinc hydroxystannate and aminosilane coupling agent into the stirrer, keeping at 245 ℃, and continuously mixing and stirring for 8min.
And step 3): adding mineral filler into the stirrer, and mixing and stirring at 270 deg.C for 10min.
And step 4): and melting and extruding the raw materials in the stirrer. And then putting the extruded semi-finished product into a hot press for press forming, and controlling the conditions at 275 ℃, 15MPa and 15s to obtain the finished product.
The application also provides a preparation method of the fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection, which comprises the following steps:
step a): preparing materials, namely preparing the nickel-plated copper wire with the diameter of 3 mm. And drawing the nickel-plated copper wire to a required specification through a wire drawing die. Then twisting a plurality of nickel-plated copper wires into a lead 1, and performing procedure inspection after twisting.
Step b): the insulating layer 2 is wrapped outside the lead 1, and a gap between the insulating layer 2 and the lead 1 is filled with filler 6. In this embodiment, the material of the insulating layer 2 is cross-linked polyethylene, and the filler 6 is fireproof cotton.
Step c): wrap 3 refractory courses outside insulating layer 2, will separate oxygen layer 4 and wrap outside refractory layer 3, wrap 5 restrictive coatings outside separating oxygen layer 4, obtain the finished product. In this embodiment, the oxygen barrier layer 4 is a mica tape, and the sheath layer 5 is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber.
The specific amounts of the respective raw materials are shown in Table 1.
Examples 2 to 5
A fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire fighting is different from that in example 1 in the specific selection and dosage of raw materials, and the conditions in step 1), step 3) and step 4) are different.
See table 1 for details.
TABLE 1
Example 6
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, which is different from embodiment 5 in that the mineral filler is mica powder and glass powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.4, namely the usage amount of the mica powder is 17.9kg, and the usage amount of the glass powder is 7.1kg.
Example 7
The fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire fighting is different from the control cable in embodiment 5 in that the mineral filler is mica powder and glass powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.2, namely the usage amount of the mica powder is 20.8kg, and the usage amount of the glass powder is 4.2kg.
Example 8
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, which is different from example 5 in that the fibers are carbon fibers and flax fibers in a weight ratio of 1:1.2, namely the usage amount of the carbon fiber is 3.6kg, and the usage amount of the flax fiber is 4.4kg.
Example 9
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, which is different from example 5 in that the fibers are carbon fibers and flax fibers in a weight ratio of 1:1.5, namely the usage amount of the carbon fiber is 3.2kg, and the usage amount of the flax fiber is 4.8kg.
Example 10
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, which is different from embodiment 5 in that,
the mineral filler is mica powder and glass powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.4, namely the usage amount of the mica powder is 17.9kg, and the usage amount of the glass powder is 7.1kg.
The fiber is carbon fiber and flax fiber in a weight ratio of 1:1.2, namely the usage amount of the carbon fiber is 3.6kg, and the usage amount of the flax fiber is 4.4kg.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, which differs from example 5 in that cardanol is replaced with maleic anhydride of equal weight.
Comparative example 2
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, which differs from example 5 in that antimony trioxide is replaced with talc of equal weight.
Comparative example 3
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, which is different from example 5 in that zinc hydroxystannate was replaced with talc of an equal weight.
Comparative example 4
A fire-resistant, insulated control cable for fire protection, differing from example 5 in that cardanol was used in an amount of 11kg, antimony trioxide was used in an amount of 4kg, and zinc hydroxystannate was used in an amount of 9.8kg.
Performance test
1. Fire resistance: the tests were carried out on examples 1 to 10, comparative examples 1 to 4 and commercial control cables according to the following procedure: vertically placing a sample cable with the length of 15-20cm, burning for 15s by using an experimental blast burner with the flame height of 125mm and the thermal power of 500W, stopping for 15s, repeatedly burning for 5 times, observing the burning time of the residual flame, and calculating the burning loss degree according to the mass of the cable after the flame is extinguished, wherein the burning loss degree is = (mass before burning-mass after burning)/mass before burning multiplied by 100%.
2. Strength: examples 1 to 10, comparative examples 1 to 4 and a commercially available control cable were tested according to JB-T10707-2007 thermoplastic halogen-free Low Smoke flame retardant Cable Material, the samples were aged according to the air thermal aging conditions in the above standards, and then the tensile strength was tested.
The results of tests 1-2 are detailed in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from comparison of the test data of examples 1 to 5 with those of the control cables on the market in Table 2, the control cables of examples 1 to 5 have a much shorter burning time and a much lower burning loss after exposure to fire than those on the market. The examples 1-5 still have higher strength after aged stretching than the commercial products. The fire resistance and the strength of the control cable prepared by the method are greatly improved.
As can be seen from comparison of the test results of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 in Table 2, when any one of cardanol, antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate is absent, the prepared flame retardant coating 3 is applied to a control cable, so that the control cable has a longer burning time, a greater degree of burning loss and a greatly reduced tensile strength. The combination of cardanol, antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate is helpful for improving the performance of the refractory layer 3. Further, by comparing the detection data of comparative example 4 and the detection data of the commercial control cable, it is found that even though cardanol, antimony trioxide and zinc hydroxystannate are used, the effect of the flame retardant coating 3 obtained in an inappropriate ratio is still unsatisfactory, and only the effect similar to that of the commercial control cable can be achieved.
According to comparison of the detection results of the examples 6 to 7 and the example 5 in the table 2, when the mica powder and the glass powder are selected and matched in a specific ratio, the prepared fire-resistant layer 3 is applied to the control cable, the control cable can have better fire resistance, and the strength is improved to a certain extent.
As can be seen from comparison of the test results of examples 8 to 9 and example 5 in Table 2, when specific fibers are selected and blended in a specific ratio, the strength of the control cable is greatly improved and the fire resistance is slightly improved when the prepared fire-resistant layer 3 is applied to the control cable.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (2)
1. A fire-resistant and insulating control cable for fire protection is characterized in that an insulating layer (2), a fire-resistant layer (3), an oxygen isolation layer (4) and a sheath layer (5) are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and a filler (6) and a plurality of leads (1) are arranged in the insulating layer (2); the fireproof layer (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58 parts of polyethylene resin, 33 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 25 parts of mineral filler, 5.8 parts of cardanol, 12 parts of antimony trioxide, 7 parts of zinc hydroxystannate, 1.8 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 8 parts of fiber;
the mineral filler is mica powder and glass powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.4 in proportion;
the fiber is carbon fiber and flax fiber in a weight ratio of 1:1.2 are mixed according to the proportion;
the preparation method of the refractory layer (3) comprises the following steps:
step 1): mixing and stirring polyethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin and fibers at 255 ℃ until the mixture is uniform;
step 2): continuously adding cardanol, antimony trioxide, zinc hydroxystannate and aminosilane coupling agent, keeping the conditions, and continuously mixing and stirring until the mixture is uniform;
step 3): continuously adding mineral filler, and mixing and stirring at 275 ℃ until the mixture is uniform;
step 4): and (3) melting and extruding, and then pressing and molding the extruded semi-finished product, wherein the conditions are controlled to be 285 ℃, 14MPa and 12s, so as to obtain the finished product.
2. The preparation method of the fire-resistant and insulated control cable for fire protection according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step a): twisting a plurality of nickel-plated copper wires to form a lead (1);
step b): wrapping an insulating layer (2) outside the lead (1), and filling a filler (6) in a gap between the insulating layer (2) and the lead (1);
step c): and sequentially wrapping the fire-resistant layer (3), the oxygen-insulating layer (4) and the sheath layer (5) outside the insulating layer (2) to obtain a finished product.
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| CN107492417A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-19 | 安徽杰奥电气有限公司 | A kind of cable anti-wet fiber braiding layer |
| CN107760039A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 广东聚合科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ceramic flame-retardant silicon rubber and preparation method thereof |
| CN108384057A (en) * | 2018-02-25 | 2018-08-10 | 李嘉顺 | A kind of flame retardant of magnesium hydroxide, flame-retardant composition and its cable |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107286518A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-24 | 东莞市安拓普塑胶聚合物科技有限公司 | A kind of low-smoke and flame retardant can ceramic PVC material and its preparation method and application |
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