CN114561803A - Virus trapping material and production process - Google Patents
Virus trapping material and production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114561803A CN114561803A CN202111456480.9A CN202111456480A CN114561803A CN 114561803 A CN114561803 A CN 114561803A CN 202111456480 A CN202111456480 A CN 202111456480A CN 114561803 A CN114561803 A CN 114561803A
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- D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
- D06M11/56—Sulfates or thiosulfates other than of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic System
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
- D06M16/003—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic with enzymes or microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
- A61L2101/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L2101/26—Inorganic materials containing copper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
- A61L2101/32—Organic compounds
- A61L2101/36—Carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
- A61L2101/32—Organic compounds
- A61L2101/46—Macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
- A61L2101/32—Organic compounds
- A61L2101/46—Macromolecular compounds
- A61L2101/50—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
- A61L2202/20—Targets to be treated
- A61L2202/26—Textiles, e.g. towels, beds, cloths
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2209/14—Filtering means
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
Abstract
The application discloses a virus trapping material and a production process thereof, and the virus trapping material comprises a support material layer, a coating layer and a graft modification layer, wherein the support material layer is a medical non-woven fabric air filtering material; coating a coating layer with the thickness of not more than 50nm on the outer layer of the supporting material; the graft modification layer is coated on one side of the coating layer, which is far away from the support material layer, and the thickness of the graft modification layer is not more than 10 nm; the coating layer comprises 1000 parts by weight of gelatin and Cu/Cu2+0.5-3 parts of cellulose, 40-200 parts of glycyrrhizic acid and 50-800 parts of glycyrrhizic acid; the graft modification layer comprises 1 part of fibronectin and 0.05-3 parts of RNaseA enzyme by weight; the grafting modification layer is used for specifically and affinity adsorbing and capturing virus particles passing through the vicinity of the micropores and then inactivating viruses in cooperation with the coating layer. The material can effectively capture viruses, and can simultaneously inactivate the viruses by combining with copper ions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a virus trapping material and application thereof, in particular to a surface modification and coating material for specifically trapping and removing viruses and application of a trapping function of the surface modification and coating material for detecting the viruses.
Background
The main principle of existing air filter materials, such as various non-woven fabric materials, and antibacterial and antiviral materials, such as copper oxide non-woven fabric, for trapping suspended particles in aerosol is to exert a deep filtration function through physical or dynamic modes such as impact sedimentation, so that the trapping effect on suspended particles with different particle sizes is not linear, for example, a non-woven fabric filter sheet of an N95 surgical mask is used for testing, and the trapping rate of micron-sized bacteria particles is greater than that of spherical particles with the particle size of about 60-150nm, such as influenza virus, and the trapping rate ratio of the two particles is greater than 1. The use of such air filtration materials, even if qualified by national or ASTM standards, presents a potential risk for blocking infectious viral particles, such as coronavirus-like Cov229E, Cov19, etc., because such purely physical entrapment does not provide selective entrapment and inactivation of the biological properties of certain dangerous pathogens.
Therefore, the materials need to be further modified to increase the selective adsorption and capture capacity to specific pathogens, the conventionally adopted monoclonal antibody surface grafting process not only has expensive raw materials, but also needs to consider many factors, and an immobilization process flow needs to be carefully designed in order to retain the activity of the monoclonal antibody; the other option is to adopt a low-cost gelatin coating or several lysine polymer coating modes, some toxic bifunctional crosslinking reagents are needed in the process operation, the coating thickness is not easy to control in the actual operation, the main problem is also that the opening rate of the filter membrane, the ventilation parameters and the like are reduced when the qualified specific surface area of the coating is pursued, so that the special development of more precise membrane preparation equipment and the skill training of operators are needed, and the production cost is overhigh.
In addition, the use of directly coated copper oxide in the filter material, while increasing the efficiency of pathogen kill, also brings about Cu2+Dissociative release of ions, e.g. free Cu from drinking water2+Ions in excess of 2ppm can present a safety hazard. If the nano-copper is not closely attached to the mask fiber during mask production, the nano-copper can be directly inhaled when the mask is worn. Particularly, when the copper oxide particles are as small as nanometer units, the penetrating power of the copper oxide particles is stronger, and after the copper oxide particles are sucked, the nanometer particles can generate genotoxicity, thereby bringing crisis to health; the suspension of copper oxide nanoparticles in the air will have an opportunity to be inhaled by the human body, and if a large number of foreign bodies have destroyed the lung tissue, the lung fibrosis is caused.
In addition, Cu in the direct coating copper oxide coating2+The principle of pathogen killing is that copper oxide, especially Cu2+Cu which is easily adsorbed by pathogen structural protein through chelating coordination and when pathogen is adsorbed2+Concentrations above 1-10ppm can cause destruction of the membrane structure of the pathogen in a period of minutes to tens of minutes. At the same time, in order to perform this function, the filter material must also be able to satisfy two conditions: first, the pathogens are in intimate contact with the filter material to ensure substantial Cu is present2+Ion mass transfer while also requiring sufficient Cu2+And (4) mass transfer time. These characteristics are not achieved with the currently reported copper oxide air filtration materials and processes.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a virus trapping material and a production process, solves the problem that the non-woven fabric in the prior art can not carry out biological characteristic interception and inactivation on viruses, and realizes the effect that the non-woven fabric air filter material can carry out biological interception and inactivation on the viruses.
The embodiment of the application provides a virus trapping material, which comprises a support material layer, a coating layer and a grafting modification layer, wherein the support material layer is a medical non-woven fabric air filter material;
coating a coating layer with the thickness of not more than 50nm on the outer layer of the support material;
the graft modification layer is coated on one side of the coating layer, which is far away from the support material layer, and the thickness of the graft modification layer is not more than 10 nm;
the coating layer comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of gelatin, 0.5-3 parts of Cu/Cu2+, 40-200 parts of cellulose and 50-800 parts of glycyrrhizic acid;
the graft modification layer comprises 1 part of fibronectin and 0.05-3 parts of RNaseA enzyme by weight;
the grafting modification layer is used for specifically and affinity adsorbing and capturing virus particles passing through the vicinity of the micropores and then inactivating viruses in cooperation with the coating layer.
Furthermore, the coating layer is aged by adopting denatured gelatin protein and cellulose/nitrocellulose in a covalent mode and then plays a virus inactivation role with chelated Cu/Cu2+ and glycyrrhizic acid;
the fibronectin and RNaseA of the grafting layer are connected and assembled with the gelatin and the cellulose/nitrocellulose of the coating layer in a non-covalent mode in a self-assembly mode, and the captured virus particles are inactivated by the cooperative coating layer.
Further, the concentration of the prepared coating layer spraying solution is 20-200mg/L of gelatin, 0.05-5mg/L of copper sulfate/copper oxide, 5-50 mg/L of cellulose/nitrocellulose and 5-80 mg/L of glycyrrhizic acid;
the concentration range of the grafting layer spraying solution is 1.0ug-2.0mg/L of fibronectin and 1.0ug-5.0mg/L of RNase A.
Further, copper or copper ions are added in an amount of not more than 1 mmol per kg of nonwoven fabric.
Furthermore, the elementary substance form of Cu/Cu2+ in the constructed coating layer is embedded in the gelatin/glycyrrhizic acid/cellulose coating layer, and the ion form of Cu/Cu2+ is combined with amino acid residues in a non-free mode to be used as a catalyst for catalyzing local oxidation reaction; the N end of fibronectin of the constructed graft layer is fixed on the gelatin protein of the bottom layer in a self-assembly mode, and the RGD sequence of fibronectin is combined with the S protein of the virus particles in an affinity adsorption mode.
A production process comprising the steps of:
step one, dipping and coating the surface of the spray-melted non-woven fabric with gelatin coating liquid (0.05-5 ppm copper sulfate/copper oxide) containing Cu2+, centrifugally removing redundant dipping and coating liquid by compressed air or hydrogen, then aging and reducing;
and step two, modifying with (2 ug/L-2 mg/L) fibronectin, RNase A, glycyrrhizic acid and cellulose nitrate grafting solution, and spraying the prepared solution on the surface of the coating layer formed in the step one.
The components form a composite structure in a self-assembly mode, and the assembly sequence of the gel sol is as follows: the gelatin molecules at the bottom layer are solidified and embedded on the surface of the matrix material in a covalent mode, the cellulose nitrate/cellulose and the gelatin molecules are assembled into a mesh structure in an electrostatic adsorption mode, the N end of fibronectin and the gelatin molecules are assembled into a complex in an affinity adsorption mode, the C end of fibronectin is in a free state, and the grafting process is completed in a mode that an intermediate structure of the N end and the C end is combined with RNase A. .
One or more technical solutions provided in the application embodiments have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
by adopting the fibronectin compound virus inactivation component, the problem that the non-woven fabric in the prior art cannot effectively and selectively intercept the virus is effectively solved, and the effect that the non-woven fabric can intercept and inactivate the virus is further realized.
The modified layer prepared by the process is firmly combined, the chelated Cu2+ ions are mainly embedded and stored by gelatin in the form of simple substance Cu, and a large amount of active C is generated only after pathogens are captured and obtainedu2+, so there is no potential toxicity, since the invention carries out disinfection by a unique designed electrochemical mechanism, the coating concentration of Cu2+ needed is reduced to the range of binding with ligand to exist in a binding state; it is because of this safe concentration feature that throughout the process of Cu2+ disinfection, Cu2+Are in a state of being chelated with the amino acid residue structure on the coating, so that no free ions are released at all.
The modifying layer prepared by the process is subsequent Cu after capturing pathogen viruses in gas phase2+Sufficient reaction time is provided in the mass transfer and inactivation processes, viruses are fixed by Fn and then are connected with each other to form an electronic conductor, and the overpotential of the viruses and bacteria enables pathogen anodes to trigger electrochemical reaction independently to perform the inactivation process; no significant anodic reaction if pathogens are not present, Cu on the surface of the material2+The concentration is still kept lower than the safe concentration, so the solution is toxic free Cu2+The liquid or gas state can not be dissociated at all and can not be lost to the environment or human body.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a constant temperature differential pressure test fixture:
FIG. 2 shows the results of a pressure drop variation test of a coating solution-treated membrane;
FIG. 3 is a qualitative comparison of the transmittance Rp (%) of the film before and after the treatment with the coating liquid;
figure 4 Cov229E captures the cyclic voltammetry scan curve of the membrane;
FIG. 5 is a test result of the adsorption capacity of the membrane S protein after modification by the grafting solution 3.
In the figure, 1, an inlet of a stainless steel disc filter; 2. testing the membrane; 3. pressure-bearing microporous plates; 4. an outlet of the stainless steel disc filter; 5. and (5) coating the outer sleeve with a constant-temperature water bath.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings; the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It is noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fibronectin, which has a relative molecular weight of about 450kD, is formed by two subunits of about 230kD linked by interchain disulfide bonds. Fibronectin is intimately involved in cell adhesion, diffusion, proliferation, migration and embryonic development in many metabolic pathways. It is also involved in a variety of pathological processes of tissues such as wound healing, inflammation, fibrosis and regulation of immune cells such as the capture and regulation of coronaviruses, HIV, rabies virus and a variety of bacteria.
One of the major functions of fibronectin is to mediate cell adhesion. Fibronectin helps regulate cell shape and cytoskeletal organization through cell signaling pathways and promotes cell spreading. A number of studies and clinical applications have demonstrated that FN plays a very important role in mediating cellular and humoral immunity. Depending on the structure of its HIII region, FN molecules can mediate complex coordination of CD4 positive T cells with gp41/gp120 or similar sites in T cell immune activity.
Various viruses, such as HIV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), all of which can enter cells via the common receptor CD4 molecule and gp120/gp41 positive membrane protein receptors, whereas CD4 is present extensively on the membrane surface of T cells, these types of virions can enter and enter host cells in a receptor-like manner. These pathway patterns are often associated with tight interactions with endothelial cells, which have the role of supporting T cell proliferation and increasing Treg suppressive function. This endothelial ability to enhance Treg function can provide targets for immune molecules to enhance Treg activity during inflammatory diseases. There is a lot of evidence that the use of FN or RGD/RGDS peptide-like fragments can block viral infection by interference in a Spacer-Arm ligand-like manner. This is due to the specific affinity of FN for various protein molecules of the viral envelope or outer membrane, in other words one of the inferences that using FN as the material surface structure makes it possible to trap this class of viruses.
New coronaviruses are named in Chinese by 2019-nCoV and Covid19 or SARS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV has an envelope containing an S protein with a gp 41-like motif. The particles are round or oval, generally polygonal, and have a diameter of 60nm to 140 nm. It has homology of more than 85% with SARS-CoV. 2019-nCoV was found in human airway epithelial cells after 96 hours of in vitro isolation and culture, which involves a process in which FN is intimately involved. And there is evidence that 2019-nCoV infection is also a CD 4-mediated pathway.
The above background materials indicate that a plurality of viruses include a new coronavirus, wherein the part of S protein which firstly plays the functions of positioning binding and kick opening the gate of a host cell is based on the owned RGD amino acid motif binding domain, and the RGD structure is abundantly present in the Fibrinectin (FN) molecular structure; fibronectin or its enzyme digested fragment from natural source has a potential function of repairing tissue injury, neutralizing and fixing, and regulating virus and bacteria, and has the advantages of no toxicity and residue of natural product, and well-recognized environmental, biological safety, high stability and economy.
Based on the principle, the treatment and virus prevention are reported and patented, but the characteristic is not used for manufacturing the air filtering material for trapping and killing the virus.
Therefore, the core of the present invention is to utilize the natural complementary property to prepare a surface modification material capable of efficiently and specifically trapping the viruses. The invention is characterized in that a layer of nano-grade coating is prepared on the surface of textiles, such as copper oxide non-woven fabric with disinfection and sterilization effects and nano-silver non-woven fabric by utilizing natural and economic Fibronectin molecules and cheap and nontoxic natural product compositions of glycyrrhizic acid, RNaseA, cellulose or nitrocellulose derivatives and the like, so as to capture, filter, condition specific viruses and prolong the effective time of virus inactivation; the designed solution composition has a hierarchical structure, can form a supermolecular composite structure with certain strength on the surface of a material, and enables active ingredients to exert the effect of efficiently inactivating viruses in a low-dose state after synergistic action; in addition, the embedded layer can greatly reduce the release of low-toxicity components on the surface of the original substrate, for example, copper oxide particles, nano silver and nano gold fiber particles are prevented from being stripped and lost from the surfaces of non-woven fabric materials and electrode materials.
Example one
A virus trapping material comprises a support material layer, a coating layer and a graft modification layer, wherein the support material layer is a medical non-woven fabric air filtering material;
coating a coating layer with the thickness of not more than 50nm on the outer layer of the supporting material;
the graft modification layer is coated on one side of the coating layer, which is far away from the support material layer, and the thickness of the graft modification layer is not more than 10 nm;
the coating layer comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of gelatin, 0.5-3 parts of Cu/Cu2+, 40-200 parts of cellulose and 50-800 parts of glycyrrhizic acid;
the graft modification layer comprises 1 part of fibronectin and 0.05-1 part of RNaseA enzyme by weight;
the grafting modification layer is used for specific affinity adsorption and capturing virus particles passing through the vicinity of the micropores and then inactivating viruses in cooperation with the coating layer.
A film making step: commercial N95 polypropylene spray-melt nonwoven fabric (specific surface area)>12000cm2G) soaking and cleaning with pretreatment solution containing 0.1% TritonX100 and pH3.0 for 2 hr, fixing a single-layer non-woven fabric membrane (diameter 90 mm) with the device of FIG. 1 or fixture with larger size based on similar principle, and delivering base coating proportioning solution with peristaltic pumpRepeatedly filtering for 15 minutes in a clamp, and repeatedly purging for 3 minutes by connecting compressed air; and taking out the membrane, putting the membrane into a constant-temperature constant-humidity aging box with the humidity of 60% and the temperature of 50 ℃, aging for 24 hours, introducing 3% hydrogen, adjusting the humidity to be lower than 40%, cooling to room temperature, treating for 6 hours, drying by using compressed air flow to serve as a basic coating membrane for later use, and measuring the average value of the coating thickness by a microbalance weighing method to be 31.3 nm.
In the actual preparation, auxiliary components can be added in the mixture ratio:
coating layer ratio: 100mg of gelatin, 50mg of glycyrrhizic acid, 20mg of nitrocellulose, 0.28g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1.5g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 5.6g of sodium chloride, 0.15mg of copper sulfate and 1mg of malondialdehyde are dissolved in 1000ml of water for injection at room temperature.
The proportion of grafting liquid is 1: FN 2mg, RNase A0.1 mg, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.28g, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5g, sodium chloride 5.6g, water for injection 1000 ml.
A film making step: a single-layer basic coating membrane is fixedly installed by using the device or a fixture with a larger size based on a similar principle, the grafting liquid ratio 1 is sent into the fixture by a peristaltic pump to be repeatedly filtered for 3 minutes, compressed air is used for repeatedly blowing for 10 minutes and drying, the grafting liquid ratio 1 is used as a modified membrane for standby, and the average value of the coating thickness measured by a microbalance weighing method is increased by 1.2 nm.
The proportion of the grafting liquid is 2: FN 20mg, RNase A10 mg, gold nanoparticles 100mg with particle size of 5nm, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.28g, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5g, sodium chloride 5.6g, potassium chloride 1.4g, and water for injection 1000 ml.
A film making step: a single-layer basic coating membrane is fixedly installed by using the device described in the figure 1 or a fixture with a larger size based on a similar principle, a graft solution ratio 2 is sent into the fixture by a peristaltic pump to be repeatedly filtered for 3 minutes, compressed air is connected to be repeatedly blown for 10 minutes and dried to serve as a graft solution ratio 2 modification membrane for standby, and the coating thickness increase value measured by a microbalance weighing method is 3.7 nm.
The proportion of the grafting liquid is 3: fn 2ug, RNase A5 ug, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.28g, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5g dissolved in water for injection 1000 ml.
A film making step: a single-layer basic coating membrane is fixedly installed by using the device described in FIG. 1 or a fixture with a larger size based on a similar principle, a graft solution ratio 3 is sent into the fixture by a peristaltic pump to be repeatedly filtered for 3 minutes, compressed air is connected to be repeatedly blown for 10 minutes and dried to serve as a graft solution ratio 3 modification membrane for standby, and the average value of the coating thickness measured by a microbalance weighing method is increased by 0.7 nm.
Example two
As shown in FIG. 1, a sample of nonwoven medical fabric purchased on the net (G1) was used as a control, starting with the starting sheet treated with the coating layer in example one, and then 10 sheets of each sample were prepared after coating treatment with the graft solution ratio 1 of the coating solution (G2), the graft solution ratio 2 of the coating solution (G3), and the graft solution ratio 3 of the coating solution (G4), and 1, 2, and 3 sheets of each sample (2 in FIG. 1) were sandwiched in the stainless steel disk filter of FIG. 1, and the inlet (1 in FIG. 1) of the filter was connected to a constant pressure air source via a PEEK tube and connected to one port of a differential pressure gauge (range 0 to 60 Pa); the outlet end (4 of fig. 1) of the stainless steel disk filter was connected to the other end of the micro-pressure differential gauge (range 0-60 pa) through a PEEK tube, and the entire stainless steel disk filter was immersed in a constant temperature water bath (constant temperature 30 ℃ ± 1 ℃) shown in 5 of fig. 1. During specific test, the air outlet valve is slowly opened, the pressure difference between the air source end and the atmosphere is adjusted to be about 50pa +/-5 pa, then the air outlet valve is closed, the air inlet valve is slowly opened to ventilate the filter, and the result is read after the pressure difference meter is stabilized.
As shown in fig. 2, for each coating solution treated single layer of nonwoven material, the two-layer aeration static pressure difference is less than 5Pa, and the pressure difference reaches 8-15 pascals in the case of three-layer packing; as shown in FIG. 2, for individual layers of the coating solution treated nonwoven materials, the static pressure difference for the double layer aeration was less than 5Pa, the pressure difference for the three layer packing reached 8-15 pascals, the pressure difference for the three layer packing without coating was 40.5 + -1.2 Pa, the coating 1 was 40.5 + -0.8 Pa, the coating 2 was 40.7 + -2.0 Pa, and the coating 3 was 37.6 + -1.8 Pa.
EXAMPLE III
The following process is operated within the clean bench. Loading the membrane with the minimum graft layer thickness, i.e. nonwoven membrane made of graft ratio liquid 3, into the pressure difference detection fixture of FIG. 1, connecting the gas source inlet with the aerosol generator for preparingThe sample liquid of the aerosol is a staphylococcus aureus bacterial culture for detection. The outlet of the fixture was connected to a 60mm agar plate through a triangular funnel. The mother liquor concentration of staphylococcus aureus bacterial culture is 6x106CFU/ml, diluting 50 times with 1xPBS during detection, adjusting fan speed of the atomization generator, and keeping 25ml of sample in each sample cup to be exhausted within about 60 minutes. And changing a new sample and an agar detection plate after each atomization spraying.
The above procedure was repeated to test 10 nonwoven membranes purchased outside and 10 membranes made of the coating solution of formula 4, respectively, and the results of bacterial culture counting for final examination of membrane leakage rate are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The transmission rate of the untreated membrane to staphylococcus aureus is 56.2% +/-15.4%; compared with the membrane treated by the coating liquid of the grafting proportioning liquid 3, the permeability of staphylococcus aureus is 37.9 +/-8.9%.
Example four
As with the previous embodiment, the following process operates within the clean bench. The non-woven fabric membrane prepared by the grafting ratio 3 is arranged in a pressure difference detection clamp shown in figure 1, an air source access port is connected with an aerosol generator, and sample liquid for preparing the aerosol is common cold virus Cov229E cell lysate for detection. The fixture outlet was connected to a 60mm culture dry plate through a triangular funnel and sterilized with 0.1% gelatin plating prior to use. The concentration of the mother liquor of the Cov229E lysate is 4.5x105CFU/ml, diluting 50 times with 1xPBS during detection, adjusting fan speed of the atomization generator, and keeping 25ml of sample in each sample cup to be exhausted within about 60 minutes. And changing a new sample and an agar plate after each atomization spraying. The specific virus infection detection method comprises inoculating 1x10 to each plate5MDCK cells are added into DMEM medium containing 1% calf serum after 2 hours for culturing for 48 hours, washed by 1xPBS, treated by membrane breaking solution containing 0.15% Triton, and developed by S protein primary antibody and HRP enzyme-labeled secondary antibody respectivelyReading the plate, and converting and reading the TCID50 value of the virus particle content related to each membrane by the Karber method.
The results of testing the TCID50 of viral particles leaked from 3 commercially available nonwoven fabric membranes and 6 membranes prepared from 3 coating solutions according to the above procedure are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
The results of TCID50 in the table above were converted to the transmission Rp of the virions passing through each patch, with 3 commercially available patches having an Rp of 67.4% ± 19.9%; the Rp of the coating solution treated film with formulation 3 was 34.7% ± 12.41%, and the effect of this result on the properties of the coating material is illustrated in fig. 3.
Generally, when aerosol particles pass through an air filter material, part of the particles are blocked by various mechanisms, part of the particles can permeate through the filter material, and the proportion Rp of the permeated part can be expressed as:。
the rest part (1-Rp) is trapped in the depth filter material, the particle part is required to be completely recovered and checked, the error is large, the method for evaluating the transmittance Rp is relatively simple and reliable, and the method is further simplified in the actual process development as long as the thickness t of the material is required to be inspectedhAnd the reciprocal of the particle size df of the aerosol target particles for detection, and the ASTM standard method is such that Staphylococcus aureus is used to evaluate the sterilization efficiency of the filter medium. However, when the filtering efficiency of target particles with different properties needs to be evaluated transversely, the coefficient eta needs to be redefined as a vector, which needs a great deal of measurement analysis and calculation, and after the addition of eta, it can be qualitatively understood that the filtering efficiency Rp of the filtering material is not linearly related to the aerosol particle size df, such as the fact that a conventional medical-grade non-woven fabric of surgical mask material is generally used as a basis for filtering aerosol particles smaller than 50nm to 150nmUnder the premise of no assumption of abnormality of linear formula, the phi X174 phage is often selected to replace coronavirus for evaluation in practical operation for safety. However, when filtering out aerosol particles smaller than 150nm, the measured Rp value is actually greater than the linear theoretical Rp value when filtering out aerosol particles smaller than 150nm and larger than 50 nm.
The reason for this is repeated, because the biological properties of particles suspended in aerosols, with particle sizes of around 50-150 nm, are often a more environmentally safe category, since such particles are in most cases infectious virus particles including various coronaviruses, such as also some airborne mycoplasma, etc. If the produced aerosol filter material has a particle trapping and eliminating capacity lower than that identified by the product for the particle size in the 50-150 nanometer section, a leak which is easy to ignore is formed, and the counterintuitive leak is difficult to be regarded and causes loss which is difficult to compensate; in the opposite direction, if the designed filter material has selective trapping and eliminating effects on the particle size in the 50-150 nm range, the phenomenon of inversion of the linear formula should occur in the evaluation of the Rp ratio, that is, if such an example can be found in the evaluation process, the existence of the above-mentioned selective retention capability can be directly explained without the need of describing the vector η and other material property-related coefficients through a large number of complicated parameter calculation and various numerical simulation processes. In short, if the simple aerosol release block test is passed, the inference is valid when the measurement yields a positive result as described above.
FIG. 3, 1, shows the results of aerosol transmittance test of Staphylococcus aureus with a particle size of about 300-400nm on a commercially available medical nonwoven fabric, where Rp is 56.2% + -15.4%; FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings shows the results of an aerosol transmission test using Cov229E having a particle size of about 60-120nm on a commercially available nonwoven medical fabric, where Rp is 67.4% + -19.9%; rp (SA)/Rp (cov) < 1, 2 in the attached figure 3 shows the result of aerosol transmittance test of the coating liquid non-woven fabric prepared by using staphylococcus aureus to the mixture ratio 4, and the Rp is 37.9% +/-8.9%; the result of aerosol transmission test of the 4-pack 4-coat liquid nonwoven fabric with Cov229E shown in 4 of fig. 3 shows that Rp is 34.7% ± 12.4%, and that ratio Rp (sa)/Rp (Cov) > = 1.
EXAMPLE five
A CuO non-woven fabric membrane wafer (the diameter is 3.5 mm) which is treated by grafting proportioning 3 coating solution is intercepted by a puncher and is attached to WE of a BST154 bare gold electrode, Ag/Cl2 is used as a counter electrode and a reference electrode, a potentiostat adopts an EmStat-Pico module to be connected with a Stm32f103 single chip microcomputer to be used as a serial port communication unit, and a Script CV instruction and a DPV instruction are used for cyclic voltammetry scanning and peak detection. The scanning potential range is from 1.0V- (-0.35V), the scanning speed is 50mV/S, and the electrolyte solution is at 0.1M Na2SO40.1xPBS (pH 7.2). The electrode is cleaned by prescanning under the condition of introducing nitrogen gas, and then the voltammetry detection is carried out, wherein a curve 1 in fig. 4 is the result of scanning a membrane material sample sheet with captured Cov229E, a curve 2 in fig. 4 is the result of scanning a grafted non-woven fabric membrane material sample sheet which is not filtered by virus aerosol, the average oxidation-reduction potential of the curve 1 and the curve 2 after 5 times of continuous scanning is approximately between 0.1 and 0.2V, the main form is close to single electron transfer reaction, and the oxidation-reduction curve which appears in the curve 2 and is positive to oxidation reaction gradually falls back after 5 to 10 cycles of continuous scanning and drops towards the direction close to the curve 2. The curves 1 and 2 and the processes of various deformations are approximate single electron transfer reactions, and are characterized by the reaction in which Cu2+ or Cu + in a binding state participates, which shows that Cu + ions of a solid-phase catalyst are not dissociated and released to the inside of the electrolyte liquid phase.
EXAMPLE six
Preparing a CuO non-woven fabric membrane treated by grafting ratio 3 coating solution by using a membrane puncher, filling the CuO non-woven fabric membrane into a reusable filter head with the diameter of 35mm, connecting a micro-injection pump to feed liquid after confirming that the liquid does not leak, pre-filtering a test liquid containing 0.5ng/ml S protein, 0.45% NaCl/0.05 x PBS and pH6.5 by using a cellulose acetate filter head with the aperture of 1um, slowly pumping 30ml of the test liquid into the filter head at the speed of 1 ml/min, stopping for 1 min at intervals every 1 min of the feed liquid, and controlling the time for S protein adsorption for each filtration to be 1 min; then, the membrane is eluted by 3 times with 1ml of A, B and C3 kinds of eluents respectively, and the combined eluents are collected by centrifugation and tested for the content of S protein. Wherein the 3 kinds of eluent comprise the following components: a0.45% NaCl/0.01X PBS, pH6.5, B0.9% NaCl/0.01X PBS, pH6.5, and C0.5M NaCl/0.01X PBS, pH6.5.
The S protein standard and 100ul of the wash solution sample were transferred to a test plate well embedded with a secondary antibody, washed 3 times with 100ul of elution buffer A, and recognized with biotinylated primary antibody. Unbound antibody was washed away, HRP-conjugated, TMB developed and measured at 450 nm. S protein adsorption capacity result conversion method: unit adsorption capacity Ad (0.1ng/cm 2) = (150-.
Under the conditions using eluent a: the S protein adsorption capacity Ad (n =8) of the CuO non-woven fabric membrane is 3.5 +/-2.0 (0.1ng/cm 2), and the S protein adsorption capacity Ad (n =8) of the CuO non-woven fabric membrane treated by the proportioning 3 coating solution is 13.8 +/-3.9 (0.1ng/cm 2);
under the conditions of using eluent B: the S protein adsorption capacity Ad (n =8) of the CuO non-woven fabric membrane is 2.1 +/-3.3 (0.1ng/cm 2), and the S protein adsorption capacity Ad (n =8) of the CuO non-woven fabric membrane treated by the proportioning 3 coating solution is 13.2 +/-4.7 (0.1ng/cm 2);
under the conditions using eluent C: the S protein adsorption capacity Ad (n =8) of the CuO non-woven fabric membrane is 0.5 +/-1.8 (0.1ng/cm 2), and the S protein adsorption capacity Ad (n =8) of the CuO non-woven fabric membrane treated by the mixture ratio 3 coating solution is 13.1 +/-3.9 (0.1ng/cm 2).
Claims (7)
1. The virus trapping material is characterized by comprising a support material layer, a coating layer and a grafting modification layer, wherein the support material layer is a medical non-woven fabric air filtering material;
coating a coating layer with the thickness of not more than 50nm on the outer layer of the supporting material;
the graft modification layer is coated on one side of the coating layer, which is far away from the support material layer, and the thickness of the graft modification layer is not more than 10 nm;
the coating layer comprises 1000 parts by weight of gelatin and Cu/Cu2+0.5-3 parts of cellulose, 40-200 parts of glycyrrhizic acid and 50-800 parts of glycyrrhizic acid;
the graft modification layer comprises 1 part of fibronectin and 0.05-3 parts of RNaseA enzyme by weight;
the grafting modification layer is used for specifically and affinity adsorbing and capturing virus particles passing through the vicinity of the micropores and then inactivating viruses in cooperation with the coating layer.
2. The virus trapping material according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is formed by performing covalent aging treatment on denatured gelatin, cellulose/nitrocellulose, and then performing virus inactivation on chelated Cu/Cu2+ and glycyrrhizic acid;
the fibronectin and RNaseA of the grafting layer are connected and assembled with the gelatin and the cellulose/nitrocellulose of the coating layer in a non-covalent mode in a self-assembly mode, and the captured virus particles are inactivated by the cooperative coating layer.
3. The virus trapping material according to claim 2, wherein the coating layer is prepared by spraying a solution having a concentration of gelatin 20-200mg/L, copper sulfate/copper oxide 0.05-5mg/L, cellulose/nitrocellulose 5mg-50mg/L, glycyrrhizic acid 5mg-80 mg/L;
the concentration range of the graft layer spraying solution is 1.0ug-2.0mg/L of fibronectin and 1.0ug-5.0mg/L of RNase A.
4. The virus-trapping material according to claim 4, wherein copper or copper ions are added in an amount of not more than 1 mmol/kg of nonwoven fabric.
5. The virus-trapping inactivating material of claims 1, 2 and 4, wherein the coating layer is formed of Cu/Cu2+Is embedded in gelatin/glycyrrhizic acid/cellulose coating layer in a simple substance form, and Cu/Cu2+All in a non-free manner, to amino acid residues as catalysts responsible for catalyzing the partial oxidation reaction; the N end of fibronectin of the constructed graft layer is fixed on the gelatin protein of the bottom layer in a self-assembly mode, and the RGD sequence of fibronectin is combined with the S protein of the virus particles in an affinity adsorption mode.
6. A production process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, using a Cu-containing 2+Dipping the gelatin coating liquid (0.05-5 ppm copper sulfate/copper oxide) on the surface of the spray-melted non-woven fabric, centrifugally removing redundant dipping liquid by compressed air or hydrogen, aging, and reducing;
step two, modifying with (2 ug/L-2 mg/L) fibronectin, RNase A, glycyrrhizic acid and cellulose nitrate graft solution, and spraying the prepared solution on the surface of the coating layer formed in the step one.
7. The components form a composite structure in a self-assembly mode, and the assembly sequence of the gel sol is as follows: the gelatin molecules at the bottom layer are solidified and embedded on the surface of the matrix material in a covalent mode, the cellulose nitrate/cellulose and the gelatin molecules are assembled into a mesh structure in an electrostatic adsorption mode, the N end of fibronectin and the gelatin molecules are assembled into a complex in an affinity adsorption mode, the C end of fibronectin is in a free state, and the grafting process is completed in a mode that an intermediate structure of the N end and the C end is combined with RNase A.
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