CN114559987A - Subway vehicle operation quality monitoring system and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
Subway vehicle operation quality monitoring system and monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114559987A CN114559987A CN202011363255.6A CN202011363255A CN114559987A CN 114559987 A CN114559987 A CN 114559987A CN 202011363255 A CN202011363255 A CN 202011363255A CN 114559987 A CN114559987 A CN 114559987A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
- B61L1/163—Detection devices
- B61L1/166—Optical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
- B61L25/021—Measuring and recording of train speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a subway vehicle running quality monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof, wherein the monitoring system comprises trackside detection equipment, a field control center and a remote control center; the field control center is in communication connection with the trackside detection equipment and the remote control center respectively. The trackside detection equipment comprises a collection unit array, a ground AEI antenna and wheel sensors, wherein the collection unit array is an optical fiber sensor array, the optical fiber sensor array is formed by a plurality of optical fiber sensors which are continuously and uniformly distributed in a track, the optical fiber sensors have known intervals, a single wheel on a train runs on the section of optical fiber sensor array, the single wheel can wind around the single wheel for a circle, and dynamic monitoring is completed by aiming at the single wheel through an optical fiber technology. The invention dynamically measures the wheel-rail acting force caused by wheel out-of-roundness of the metro vehicle and tread damage generated at the contact position of the wheel and the rail, the overload and unbalance loading and the monitoring of the running state by using the optical fiber sensor measuring technology, thereby effectively ensuring the running safety of the train.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a subway vehicle operation quality monitoring system TPDS and a monitoring method thereof, belonging to the field of rail transit safety.
Background
The rail transit transportation is a major artery of national economy in China, the development of railways in China has realized the flight of railways, and rail transit road networks in China are spread all over the country and develop rapidly like bamboo shoots in spring after rain. However, safety is a constant theme of rail transportation. The carrying state, wheel damage and vehicle running state of the rail transit vehicle are of great importance to the running safety of the vehicle, and are directly related to the modern management and transportation safety of railways. With the acceleration of a railway, the derailment accidents of a vehicle frequently occur, the overload running phenomenon is serious, the manual work and the static inspection of the vehicle in the traditional mode are difficult to judge the dynamic condition, the out-of-roundness of the wheels of the vehicle and the damage to the tread and the unbalanced load distribution generated at the contact position of the wheels and the rail are dynamically measured, the rapid diagnosis and early warning are realized, and the method has important significance for the safe running of the vehicle.
With the rapid development and urbanization of railways, the railways run a large number of heavy-duty freight trains and long-distance passenger trains, and on the premise of ensuring the driving safety, the economic efficiency of the locomotives is improved, and the scientific and reasonable reduction of the overhaul cost of the locomotives becomes an important task. The wheel set is a large part for bearing rolling stock, and is an important key part for ensuring the running safety of the train and reducing the overhaul cost. The imbalance of the axle weight and the wheel weight of the locomotive causes wheel set idling and eccentric wear, accelerates the abrasion of the wheel set of the locomotive running part, shortens the replacement period, increases the consumption of manpower and maintenance cost, and can cause the train line-off accident of wheel crack or rail climbing in serious cases, so the rapid detection of the imbalance of the axle weight and the wheel weight of the locomotive also becomes an important subject.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a subway vehicle running quality monitoring system, which dynamically measures wheel-rail acting force, overload and running state monitoring caused by wheel out-of-roundness of a wheel of a subway vehicle and tread damage generated at a wheel-rail contact position by using an optical fiber sensor measuring technology, and effectively ensures the running safety of a train.
The invention also aims to provide a subway vehicle operation quality monitoring method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the subway vehicle running quality monitoring system comprises trackside detection equipment, a field control center and a remote control center, wherein the field control center is in communication connection with the trackside detection equipment and the remote control center respectively; trackside check out test set includes the acquisition unit array, the acquisition unit array: the optical fiber sensors are continuously and uniformly distributed in the track, namely the optical fiber sensor array; the optical fiber sensor arrays are arranged on the rails on two sides in parallel.
Furthermore, the optical fiber sensor array is divided into a near-end optical fiber sensor array and a far-end optical fiber sensor array according to the linear distance between the optical fiber sensor array and the field control center, and the near-end optical fiber sensor array and the far-end optical fiber sensor array are arranged oppositely.
Further, the optical fiber sensors are distributed among the sleepers at equal intervals; the optical fiber sensor array comprises at least six optical fiber sensors arranged among the continuous pillows.
Further, the optical fiber sensor is detachably mounted in the track.
Further, the optical fiber sensor is connected to a trackside cabinet of the field control center through an optical fiber cable and an optical fiber connection box, and the optical fiber decoder is arranged in the trackside cabinet of the field control center.
Furthermore, trackside check out test set still includes ground AEI antenna, wheel sensor, and ground AEI antenna, wheel sensor all fix in the ground track, are used for reading number of a car information and wheel location, meter axle and test the speed respectively.
Furthermore, the field control center is set as a trackside cabinet, a control box, a communication power supply box, a switch and a server are arranged in the trackside cabinet, and the field control center is also provided with a processing device of the ground AEI antenna and the wheel sensor; the remote control center comprises remote clients.
The subway vehicle running quality monitoring method comprises the following steps:
continuously installing a plurality of optical fiber sensors into the rails to form optical fiber sensor arrays, wherein the optical fiber sensor arrays are arranged in the rails on two sides in parallel;
obtaining a test signal of a train wheel passing through a track where the optical fiber sensor is located;
and processing the test signal, and extracting a stress waveform curve so as to monitor the vehicle abnormity.
Further, when the train passes through the track where the optical fiber sensor array is located, the wheels impact the track and deform the track, so that the wavelength collected by the optical fiber sensor generates amplitude change to obtain a stress waveform curve, and data information of the train is obtained, wherein the data information comprises wheel defects and vehicle load distribution.
The metro vehicle running quality monitoring system dynamically measures wheel-rail acting force, overload and unbalance loading caused by wheel out-of-roundness of a metro vehicle and tread damage generated at a wheel-rail contact position and monitors a running state by using an optical fiber sensor measuring technology, so that the running safety of a train is effectively guaranteed.
Compared with a stress and shear force sensor system, the system has the advantages of being capable of rapidly monitoring the quality of the running state of the on-line train, simple and convenient to install and maintain, free of stopping and disassembling wheels, high in detection speed and efficiency, free of manual participation, capable of automatically calibrating and good in safety. The application of the invention can generate good social and economic benefits and play a positive promoting role in ensuring the safe operation of the railway, information synchronization and establishing a harmonious railway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates the change in rail force as a wheel passes through a rail;
FIG. 2 is a sensor signal waveform plot;
fig. 3 is a signal acquisition analysis: (a) the wheel passes above the sensor; (b) the signal waveform of the wheel is the maximum bending when the wheel is right above the sensor;
FIG. 4 is a dynamic weighing;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the monitoring system arrangement of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 5, the system for monitoring the operation quality of the metro vehicle in the embodiment includes a trackside detection device, a field control center and a remote control center; the field control center is in communication connection with the trackside detection equipment and the remote control center respectively.
With respect to trackside detection devices: the system comprises an acquisition unit array, a ground AEI antenna, a wheel sensor and the like.
The optical fiber sensor array is arranged in the acquisition unit array, the optical fiber sensor array is uniformly distributed and fixedly installed at the bottom of the rail in a unified mode, maintenance is convenient, line maintenance is not affected, the structural installation is simple and quick, the anti-seismic, waterproof and dust-proof functions are achieved, and the rail side environment is adapted.
The optical fiber sensor array is formed by uniformly distributing a plurality of continuous optical fiber sensors in a track, wherein the plurality of optical fiber sensors have known intervals, so that a single wheel on a train runs on the optical fiber sensor array, namely the single wheel can wind around for a circle, and dynamic monitoring is completed aiming at the single wheel by using an optical fiber technology, if various wheel defect problems of the single wheel are found, such as wheel deformation, out-of-roundness, inconsistent pressure to the track and the like.
The plurality of optical fiber sensors are distributed among the sleepers at equal intervals. The plurality of fiber optic sensors are capable of covering the perimeter of a single wheel; preferably, the array of fibre optic sensors is at least six fibre optic sensors mounted between successive pillows.
The optical fiber sensor array is divided into a near-end optical fiber sensor array and a far-end sensor array according to the linear distance from the field control center, and the near-end optical fiber sensor array and the far-end sensor array are oppositely arranged and respectively arranged in the tracks on the two sides. The near-end optical fiber sensor array and the far-end sensor array meet the requirement of synchronous data acquisition on two sides of a track, and the left wheel and the right wheel of a train need to be monitored simultaneously.
The optical fiber sensor is connected to a trackside cabinet of the field control center through an optical fiber cable and an optical fiber connecting box, and the optical fiber decoder is arranged in the trackside cabinet of the field control center.
The system senses the deformation of the track by using an optical fiber technology: the general traditional detection mode adopts the stress piece combination mode to measure, and the precision is low, and the engineering construction degree of difficulty is big, and is with high costs, cycle length, intensity of labour is big, and the installation is complicated, produces permanent injury to the track sometimes. And the optical fiber technology is adopted, the defects are perfectly overcome, the installation and fixation are once and for all, and the maintenance is simple. The optical fiber sensor is not affected by lightning strike.
The system is convenient and quick to disassemble and assemble: and the best mechanical structure design is adopted, so that the disassembly and assembly can be quickly responded. The rail is not damaged at all, and drilling, welding, bonding and the like are not needed.
The optical fiber transmission technology of the system can meet the long-distance lossless transmission of signals between a rail and equipment, and the optical fiber has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, good insulating property, high temperature resistance, no electromagnetic interference and no influence of electromagnetic interference.
The system utilizes an optical fiber decoding technology and the sensing characteristic of high sensitivity of the optical fiber to measure and analyze the tiny deformation quantity generated by the track, and has high precision.
Terrestrial AEI antenna: the ground AEI antenna transmits microwave signals, receives modulated signals reflected by a vehicle bottom electronic tag, reads the information of the number of vehicles and the number of the vehicles, and can be shared with other equipment, so that the cost is reduced to the maximum extent.
A wheel sensor: the train speed measuring device is fixed on a steel rail by a clamp, is automatically started when a train approaches, is used for wheel positioning, axle counting, speed measurement and the like, and can be shared with other equipment, so that the cost is reduced.
Regarding the field control center: the field control center is set as a trackside cabinet, a control box, a communication power box, a switch and a server are arranged in the trackside cabinet, and in addition, a processing device corresponding to the ground AEI antenna and the wheel sensor is arranged in the field control center.
The remote control center comprises a controller and remote clients, and system parameters, the running state and the detection process of the monitoring equipment, and the checking, counting, analyzing and printing detection data can be set in the remote control center.
As shown in fig. 1, the stress condition of the wheels of the train when passing through the track is as follows: when a train passes through, the weight of wheels generates acting force on the surface of the rail due to the interaction of the wheel and the rail, and the rail is bent and deformed. When the wheel runs between two sleepers, the sleepers act as levers, the rail between the two sleepers bends downwards, and the upper and lower gaps between the two sleepers bend upwards. The bending of the steel rail is the basis of measurement, the optical fiber sensor of the system captures the bending of the steel rail, records data and displays operation data at a terminal through data algorithm matching.
Specifically, the system uses optical fiber technology to measure the load and quality of the wheel by light. Light is sent to the sensor, the running wheel interferes with the light entering the sensor, and the system can correlate the change in light intensity with load and wheel defect information, and the sensor signal is plotted as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in FIG. 3, when a wheel passes through the optical fiber sensor, the optical fiber sensor performs data acquisition, and the acquired signals are amplified to obtain a stress waveform curve of the wheel rail (the acquired data is the optical fiber sensor, and the wheel impacts the rail to cause deformation of the rail, so that the wavelength collected by the optical fiber sensor generates amplitude change to obtain waveform data change, thereby obtaining data information; the optical fiber sensor of the system specifically obtains the waveform curve data through grating wavelength amplitude change). As shown in fig. 4, the system correlates the wheel vehicle load distribution through a data algorithm to obtain the vehicle load.
The data algorithm is mainly characterized in that a wavelength amplitude change curve of the optical fiber sensor is obtained through known weight calibration, and a data curve coupling matching software algorithm is adopted, so that one function of the system is to monitor the overload and unbalance load of a vehicle and the load distribution condition of the vehicle.
The method for monitoring the running quality of the subway vehicle comprises the following steps:
continuously installing a plurality of optical fiber sensors into the rails to form optical fiber sensor arrays, wherein the optical fiber sensor arrays are arranged in the rails on two sides in parallel;
obtaining a test signal of a train wheel passing through a track where the optical fiber sensor is located;
and processing the test signal, and extracting a stress waveform curve so as to monitor the vehicle abnormity.
Specifically, when a train passes through a track where the optical fiber sensor array is located, the wheels impact the track and deform the track, so that the wavelength collected by the optical fiber sensor generates amplitude change to obtain a stress waveform curve, and data information of the train is obtained, wherein the data information comprises wheel defects and vehicle load distribution.
Through the subway vehicle operation quality monitoring system of this embodiment, can realize following functional index:
(1) the damage and the out-of-roundness of the tread (abnormal wheel-rail acting force caused by out-of-round and dynamic unbalance) generated at the wheel-rail contact position are automatically detected in an online state.
(2) The vehicle total weight, the front and rear bogie weights, the axle weight, the wheel weight and the vehicle overload and unbalance loading can be automatically monitored.
(3) The track load equivalent through gross weight can be counted.
(4) Has the function of automatically identifying the number and the end position of the vehicle.
(5) The system is calibrated automatically without manual participation.
(6) The system has the functions of storing, analyzing, inquiring, counting and outputting detection data; the system has the functions of detecting data near-limit early warning and over-limit warning prompting, and reports various over-limit data to a monitoring department, and the detected data can be transmitted and shared by a network.
The detection data of the monitoring system according to the embodiment can adjust the actual deformation (i.e. the shimming, which is commonly called as the spring adjusting) of each elastic support of the locomotive, so that the maximum deviation value of the bearing capacity in each wheel pair of the locomotive to the average bearing capacity is at the minimum, and the monitoring system has an important significance for improving the uneven wheel weight distribution:
when the system detects the axle load wheel weight value, taking the minimum value of the maximum deviation of the bearing capacity in each wheel pair to the average bearing capacity; giving a wheel set bearing capacity distribution scheme in the minimum value state; a method for adjusting the thickness of the gasket at the spring to reach the state is provided; under the existing locomotive maintenance standard conditions, the spring is adjusted to achieve an ideal state, so that the maintenance and labor cost is greatly reduced, and the reliability of the quality of the locomotive and the running safety is improved. In summary, the system has urgent requirements on the safety and the economy of the wheel set of the locomotive vehicle, and has wide market prospect in the safe operation monitoring of the locomotive vehicles on railways and urban rails.
The technical indexes of the monitoring system of the embodiment are as follows:
(1) the adaptive speed is as follows: detecting the signal at 20-160 km/h by positive line;
(2) the maximum number of axles is adapted: 1000 strips;
(3) length of train: 5-2000 m;
(4) and (3) measuring precision: 3% of vehicle weight;
(5) vehicle defect detection coverage: 3 times the wheel circumference;
(6) wheelbase: 1-30 m;
(7) diameter of the wheel: 20-1600 mm;
(8) weighing range: 1-10T/wheel.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The subway vehicle running quality monitoring system is characterized by comprising trackside detection equipment, a field control center and a remote control center, wherein the field control center is in communication connection with the trackside detection equipment and the remote control center respectively; trackside check out test set includes the acquisition unit array, the acquisition unit array: the optical fiber sensors are continuously and uniformly distributed in the track, namely the optical fiber sensor array; the optical fiber sensor arrays are arranged on the rails on two sides in parallel.
2. The system for monitoring the running quality of the metro vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber sensor array is divided into a near end optical fiber sensor array and a far end optical fiber sensor array according to a straight line distance from a field control center, and the near end optical fiber sensor array and the far end optical fiber sensor array are arranged oppositely.
3. The system for monitoring the running quality of the metro vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the optical fiber sensors are distributed at equal intervals between sleepers; the optical fiber sensor array comprises at least six optical fiber sensors arranged among the continuous pillows.
4. A subway vehicle operation quality monitoring system as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said optical fiber sensor is detachably mounted in the track.
5. A subway vehicle operation quality monitoring system as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said optical fiber sensor is connected to said trackside cabinet of said site control center through optical fiber cable and optical fiber connection box, and optical fiber decoder is arranged in trackside cabinet of site control center.
6. A subway vehicle operation quality monitoring system as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said trackside detection apparatus further comprises a ground AEI antenna, a wheel sensor, both of which are fixed in the ground track for reading the car number information and wheel positioning, axle counting and speed measurement, respectively.
7. The system for monitoring the running quality of the metro vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the field control center is a trackside cabinet, a control box, a communication power box, a switch and a server are arranged in the trackside cabinet, and the field control center is further provided with a processing device of the ground AEI antenna and the wheel sensor; the remote control center comprises remote clients.
8. The subway vehicle running quality monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
continuously installing a plurality of optical fiber sensors into the rails to form optical fiber sensor arrays, wherein the optical fiber sensor arrays are arranged in the rails on two sides in parallel;
obtaining a test signal of a train wheel passing through a track where the optical fiber sensor is located;
and processing the test signal, and extracting a stress waveform curve so as to monitor the vehicle abnormity.
9. A method for monitoring the operation quality of a metro vehicle according to claim 8, wherein when a train passes through the track where the optical fiber sensor array is located, the train wheel impacts the track and causes deformation of the track, so that the wavelength collected by the optical fiber sensor generates amplitude change to obtain a stress waveform curve, thereby obtaining data information of the train, wherein the data information includes wheel defects and vehicle load distribution.
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