CN114545072B - Reactive power compensation method, electric energy meter and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Reactive power compensation method, electric energy meter and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114545072B CN114545072B CN202210138683.1A CN202210138683A CN114545072B CN 114545072 B CN114545072 B CN 114545072B CN 202210138683 A CN202210138683 A CN 202210138683A CN 114545072 B CN114545072 B CN 114545072B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/04—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of reactive power compensation, in particular to a reactive power compensation method, an electric energy meter and a computer readable storage medium, wherein under the condition that a user line communicates in a carrier communication mode, the working state of the user line is obtained, and the working state comprises the magnitude of load current and the magnitude of power factor; judging whether the load current is larger than a set value or not; determining a compensation coefficient according to the load current and the power factor under the condition that the load current is not larger than the set value; according to the compensation coefficient is right the power reading of subscriber line's electric energy meter compensates, the beneficial effect of this application: different compensation coefficients are adopted under different working states, the effect of reactive power compensation is better, and the effect that error influence is minimized is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of reactive power compensation technologies, and in particular, to a reactive power compensation method, an electric energy meter, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
The power line carrier communication is a communication method unique to a power system, and means a technology for transmitting an analog or digital signal at a high speed by a carrier method using an existing power line, and a scheme in which a power line is used as a network access is used, and communication is performed using an existing power distribution network, and it is not necessary to newly lay out a line for communication, and the power network is widely distributed, so that access of communication equipment is facilitated.
The prepayment electric meter adopts carrier communication, after prepayment electric charge in the electric meter is used, the power supply of a user terminal can be automatically cut off, but due to the existence of a safety capacitor in a carrier communication circuit of the electric meter, the safety capacitor can influence reactive power in the circuit, so that the error value of reactive power measurement is influenced, the existing reactive power compensation for eliminating the error caused by the reactive power can only carry out reactive power compensation indiscriminately, and the prepayment electric meter cannot adapt to various use conditions, and the problems need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make the reactive power compensation effect better and minimize the error influence, the reactive power compensation method, the electric energy meter and the computer-readable storage medium provided by the application adopt the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a reactive power compensation method, including:
under the condition that a user line communicates in a carrier communication mode, acquiring the working state of the user line, wherein the working state comprises the magnitude of load current and the magnitude of power factor;
judging whether the load current is larger than a set value or not;
determining a compensation coefficient according to the load current and the power factor under the condition that the load current is not larger than the set value;
and compensating the power reading of the electric energy meter of the subscriber line according to the compensation coefficient, wherein the compensation coefficient is less than 1.
By adopting the scheme, the compensation coefficient of the reactive power under different power factors of the load current is measured through experiments, the compensation coefficient is used for adjusting the error value of the reactive power measurement to be smaller and is used for dynamically performing reactive power compensation, the load current is compared with the set value in size, when the load is larger than the set value, the error value of the reactive power measurement is smaller, the influence on carrier communication is smaller, therefore, the adjustment and compensation of a reactive power compensation model are not needed, when the load is smaller than Ib, the compensation coefficient is determined according to the load current and the power factor, different compensation coefficients are adopted for dynamic adjustment under different conditions, the error value of the reactive power measurement is always kept in a smaller and close to zero state, the effect of the reactive power compensation is better, and the error influence is reduced to the minimum.
Preferably, when the load current is greater than the set value, the power of the subscriber line is not compensated.
By adopting the scheme, under the condition that the load current is greater than the set value, the error value of reactive power measurement is small, and the influence on carrier communication is small, so that the effect of adjusting and compensating without a reactive power compensation model is achieved.
Preferably, the relationship between the load current, the power factor and the compensation coefficient is as follows:
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is greater than 0.5L, the compensation coefficient is 0.87;
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is less than or equal to 0.5L and is greater than 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.91;
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is less than or equal to 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.94;
when the load current is less than or equal to 10% of the set value, the compensation coefficient is 0.95.
By adopting the scheme, the load current and the power factor are used for being matched with each other to determine the adopted compensation coefficient, when the load current is less than or equal to the set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, the power factor is required to be referred to so as to determine the compensation coefficient, when the power factor is greater than 0.5L, the compensation coefficient is 0.87 to achieve the optimal effect of reactive power compensation, when the power factor is less than or equal to 0.5L and is greater than 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.91 to achieve the optimal effect of reactive power compensation, when the power factor is less than or equal to 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.94 to achieve the optimal effect of reactive power compensation, when the load current is less than or equal to 10% of the set value, the compensation coefficient is 0.95 to achieve the optimal effect of reactive power compensation, and therefore the effect of minimizing error influence is achieved.
Preferably, according to the relationship between the load current, the power factor and the compensation coefficient, the dynamic reactive power compensation model is set as follows:
f of the dynamic reactive power compensation model is the voltage frequency of the power grid, C is the capacitance value of the safety capacitor, U is the voltage value of the power grid, K1 is the ammeter constant, and K2 is the high-frequency pulse constant.
By adopting the scheme, the dynamic reactive power compensation model is used for dynamic reactive power compensation in carrier communication, the power grid voltage frequency F, the capacitance value C of the safety capacitor and the power grid voltage value U are measured by external measuring equipment, the electric energy meter constant K1 and the high-frequency pulse constant K2 are fixed values of the power grid equipment, and the dynamic reactive power compensation model is arranged on the circuit to achieve the effect of dynamically reducing error values of various circuit conditions.
Preferably, the load size and the power factor size determine an optimal compensation coefficient, and the error of the reactive power metering is determined by the grid voltage frequency F, the capacitance value C of the safety capacitor and the grid voltage value U.
By adopting the scheme, when the grid voltage frequency F, the capacitance value C of the safety capacitor and the grid voltage value U are larger, the influence on the error value is larger, the power reading of the electric energy meter is compensated according to the dynamic reactive power compensation model, and the larger the grid voltage frequency F, the capacitance value C of the safety capacitor and the grid voltage value U are, the higher the error compensation on the reactive power measurement in the grid is, so that the effect of compensating the error value is achieved.
Preferably, when the dynamic reactive power compensation model performs reactive power compensation, the voltage standard voltage value of the power grid voltage U is 230V, the value range is 184V to 276V, the standard frequency of the power grid voltage frequency F is 50Hz, and the value range is 47.5Hz to 52.5Hz.
By adopting the scheme, the value of the power grid voltage U and the value of the power grid voltage frequency F influence the error value of reactive power measurement, the error value is enlarged due to overlarge value, and the setting value range can achieve the effect of more reasonably performing reactive power compensation.
Preferably, the value range of the set value is 0 to 23A.
By adopting the scheme, the value range of the set value is set to be 0-23A according to the actual circuit condition, and the effect of setting the rated value for the power grid circuit is achieved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an electric energy meter comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor arranged to run the computer program to perform the reactive power compensation method of any one of the above.
By adopting the scheme, the electric energy meter is used for automatically switching on and switching off power supply and communicates with an external device in a carrier communication mode, the carrier communication of the electric energy meter has errors, the reactive power compensation is required, the electric energy meter executes a reactive power compensation method, and the effect of the reactive power compensation of the carrier communication is achieved.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, the computer program being arranged to, when executed, perform any of the above-mentioned reactive power compensation methods.
By adopting the scheme, the computer readable storage medium is used for storing the execution program of the reactive power compensation method, so that the effect of performing reactive power compensation on the electric energy meter is achieved.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining an optimal compensation coefficient through different load sizes and different power factors, applying the measured compensation coefficients under different conditions to reactive power compensation under the conditions of the corresponding load sizes and the corresponding power factors, establishing an obtained dynamic reactive power compensation model under a carrier communication mode, dynamically adjusting and compensating errors of reactive power measurement according to the difference of the compensation coefficients, enabling the error values to be kept in a relatively small range all the time, wherein the compensation coefficients have no obvious proportional relation, when the load current is larger than a set value, the error values of the reactive power measurement are small, the influence on circuit carrier communication is small, at the moment, the reactive power compensation model does not need to be adjusted, when the load current is smaller than the set value, the influence of the power factors needs to be considered, different compensation coefficients are adopted to compensate the carrier communication under different load sizes and different power factor conditions, the compensation coefficients are smaller than 1, the effect of the reactive power compensation is better, and the error influence is reduced to the lowest.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a reactive power compensation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The application provides a reactive power compensation method, which comprises the following steps:
under the condition that a user line carries out communication in a carrier communication mode, acquiring the working state of the user line, wherein the working state comprises the magnitude of load current and the magnitude of power factor;
judging whether the load current is larger than a set value or not;
determining a compensation coefficient according to the load current and the power factor under the condition that the load current is not larger than a set value;
and compensating the power reading of the electric energy meter of the subscriber line according to a compensation coefficient, wherein the compensation coefficient is less than 1.
Specifically, the user line communicates in a carrier communication mode, and due to the fact that an external safety capacitor exists in the line, the reactive power in the line can be affected by the safety capacitor, and error influence is brought to carrier communication.
In order to reduce the influence, a reactive power compensation method is adopted to compensate the reactive power in the line, under the condition that the magnitude of the load current and the magnitude of the power factor are different, different compensation coefficients are required to compensate the reactive power of the line, the effect of the reactive power compensation is better, the error influence is reduced to the minimum, the magnitude of the load current and the magnitude of the power factor are measured by an external measuring device, a set value is set, as one implementation mode, the set value is the rated current of an electric energy meter, the load current is compared with the set value, under the condition that the load current is not larger than the set value, the value of the compensation coefficients is determined according to the load current and the power factor, different compensation coefficients are adopted to carry out dynamic compensation under different conditions, the value of the compensation coefficients is always smaller than 1, the error value of reactive power metering is always kept in a smaller and close to zero state, the effect of the reactive power compensation is better, and the error influence is reduced to the minimum.
And when the load current is larger than the set value, the power of the subscriber line is not compensated.
Specifically, when the load current is greater than the set value, the error value of reactive power measurement is small, the influence on circuit carrier communication is small, and the reactive power compensation model does not need to be adjusted at the moment.
The relationship between load current, power factor and compensation factor is:
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is greater than 0.5L, the compensation coefficient is 0.87;
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is less than or equal to 0.5L and is greater than 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.91;
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is less than or equal to 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.94;
when the load current is less than or equal to 10% of the set value, the compensation coefficient is 0.95.
Specifically, when the load current is not greater than the set value, the load current and the power factor are matched to select a value for determining an optimal compensation coefficient, when the load current is less than or equal to the set value and the load current is greater than 10% of the set value, the selection of the compensation coefficient needs to be determined by referring to the power factor, when the power factor is greater than 0.5L, the effect of performing reactive compensation by selecting 0.87 for the compensation coefficient is optimal, when the power factor is less than or equal to 0.5L and greater than 0.25L, the effect of performing reactive compensation by selecting 0.91 for the compensation coefficient is optimal, when the power factor is less than or equal to 0.25L, the effect of performing reactive compensation by selecting 0.94 for the compensation coefficient is optimal, when the load current is less than or equal to 10% of the set value, and therefore the effect of minimizing the error influence is achieved.
As one embodiment, the load point ib0.5l is a load current that is less than or equal to the set value and greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is less than or equal to 0.5L and greater than 0.25L, so the compensation coefficient used by the dynamic reactive power compensation model is 0.91, and when the compensation coefficient is 0.91, the error value of the reactive power measurement is relatively low at the load point ib0.5l, and the effect of compensating the reactive power is better, and the influence of the error is minimized.
As another embodiment, the load point 10% is such that the load levels of Ib1.0L, ib0.5L and 10 Ib0.25L are 10% Ib, and the load levels are all in the state of being operated in the state of being less than or equal to 10% Ib, so that the effect of the power factor is not referred to, and the compensation coefficient is reactive compensation is performed by using 0.95, and the compensation effect in this case is preferable, and the effect of the error is minimized.
The load current is divided into 10% or less of the set value, and as one embodiment, the power factor is increased as a reference factor.
In another embodiment, 10% or less of the load current is divided into 5% or more of the load current 10% or less of the set value and 5% or less of the load current.
According to the relation among the load current, the power factor and the compensation coefficient, setting a dynamic reactive power compensation model as follows:
f of the dynamic reactive power compensation model is the voltage frequency of the power grid, C is the capacitance value of a safety capacitor, U is the voltage value of the power grid, K1 is an ammeter constant, and K2 is a high-frequency pulse constant.
The load size and the power factor size determine an optimal compensation coefficient, and the error of reactive power metering is determined by the voltage frequency F of the power grid, the capacitance value C of the safety capacitor and the voltage value U of the power grid.
Specifically, the dynamic reactive power compensation model is used for dynamic reactive power compensation in carrier communication, the power grid voltage frequency F, the capacitance value C of the safety capacitor and the power grid voltage value U are measured through external measuring equipment, the electric energy meter constant K1 and the high-frequency pulse constant K2 are fixed numerical values of the power grid equipment, and the dynamic reactive power compensation model is arranged on a circuit to achieve the effect of dynamically reducing error values of various circuit conditions.
The dynamic reactive power compensation model is used for dynamically compensating the reactive power of the carrier communication and is based on the calculation formula of the influence quantity of the reactive energy
And the reactive offset register of the current metering chipIs calculated by
In the above calculation formula, qc in the calculation formula of the reactive bias correction register of the metering chip is the reactive power of the standard table, err is the current reactive error value, K1 is the electric meter constant, K2 is the high-frequency pulse constant, the grid voltage frequency F is the solute C of the safety capacitor and the grid voltage value U are measured through experimental tests to have influence on the reactive metering error, while the magnitude of the rated current has little influence on the magnitude of the error, the magnitude of the load current has influence on the obvious degree of the error, and the smaller the load current is, the more obvious the error is.
In one embodiment, when the rated voltage value is 230V, the frequency is 50Hz, the rated current Ib is 5A, and the maximum current is 80A, the error values without carrier measured at ten load points such as Imax1.0, imax0.5L, imax0.25L, ib1.0, ib0.5L, ib0.25L, 10 Ib1.0, 10 Ib0.5L, 10 Ib0.25L, and 5 Ib1.0 are +0.0385%, +0.1037%, +0.1346%, +0.0493%, +0.0994%, +0.1325%, +0.0224%, +0.1119%, +0.2553%, +0.0572%, the carrier-carrying error values are measured as +0.0492%, +0.1123%, +0.1360%, -0.2286%, -0.4569%, -0.9772%, -2.9714%, -5.8676%, -11.7724%, -5.9784%, respectively, which results in that the carrier circuit has a large influence on the error values and the smaller the load current is, the more significant the error values are.
The main reason for errors in the carrier communication circuit is that the carrier communication circuit has a safety capacitor, which has a filtering function and can affect the quality of signal carriers, namely, the reactive energy is increased or decreased in the existing power grid circuit, so that the reactive energy signals collected by the metering chip become more or less, and the errors in reactive metering are affected.
As one of the embodiments, solute C of the safety capacitor is usually tested with a fixed value of 0.22 μ F, one of the grid voltage frequency F and the grid voltage value U is changed, and the change of the changed value to the error of reactive power measurement is observed.
When the grid voltage frequency is fixed to 50Hz, the error values when the voltage at each of the ten load points is 184V, are +0.0449%, +0.1027%, +0.1488%, -0.1743%, -0.7560%, -2.3578%, -4.6968%, -9.4555%, -4.8321% when the load points are imax1.0, imax0.5l, imax0.25l, ib1.0, ib0.5l, ib0.25l, 5 ib0.0, 10 ib0.10260%, 10 ibl, 5 ib1.0, are experimentally measured by calculating the errors at a plurality of load points of different load sizes by changing the grid voltage.
The error values of the ten load points at 230V are +0.0492%, +0.1123%, +0.1360%, -0.2286%, -0.4569%, -0.9772%, -2.9714%, -5.8676%, -11.7724%, -5.9784%, respectively.
The error values at the ten load points at a voltage of 276V are +0.0599%, +0.0973%, +0.1258%, -0.2832%, -0.5765%, -1.2501%, -3.5173%, -7.0741%, -14.2551%, -7.2114%, respectively, and the higher the grid voltage is, the larger the influence on the error of reactive power metering becomes, and the more the load becomes, the more remarkable it becomes.
When the grid voltage value U is fixed to 230V, the error values of +0.0299% +0.1969% +0.2813%, -0.2335%, -0.3398%, -0.6705%, -2.8050%, -5.4941%, -10.9837%, -5.5985% when the load points are imax1.0, imax0.5l, imax0.25l, ib1.0, ib0.5l, ib0.25l, 10-0.10-1.0, and 5-ib1.0, respectively, the error values when the frequency of the ten load points is 47.5Hz are calculated and measured by an experiment for errors of a plurality of load points of different load sizes.
The error values of the ten load points at a frequency of 50Hz are +0.0492%, +0.1123%, +0.1360%, -0.2286%, -0.4569%, -0.9772%, -2.9714%, -5.8676%, -11.7724%, -5.9784%, respectively.
The error values of the ten load points at a frequency of 52.5Hz are +0.0631%, -0.0256%, -0.1484%, -0.2421%, -0.6328%, -1.3556%, -3.0858%, -6.3408%, -12.7398%, -6.2882%, and the higher the measured grid voltage frequency is, the larger the influence on the error of reactive power metering becomes and the smaller the load becomes, the more obvious it becomes.
When the dynamic reactive power compensation model carries out reactive power compensation, the voltage standard voltage value of the power grid voltage U is 230V, the value range is 184V to 276V, the standard frequency of the power grid voltage frequency F is 50Hz, and the value range is 47.5Hz to 52.5Hz.
Specifically, the value of the voltage value of the power grid voltage U is set with a value range, when the voltage value of the power grid is too large, the error value of reactive power measurement is increased, the work of carrier communication is not facilitated, and the value of the power grid voltage frequency is the same.
The compensation is carried out by performing non-differentiated reactive compensation on a carrier circuit with a rated voltage value of 230V, a frequency of 50Hz, a rated current Ib of 5A and a maximum current of 80A, and compensating ten load points of Imax1.0, imax0.5L, imax0.25L, ib1.0, ib0.5L, ib0.25L and 10% Ib1.0, 10% Ib0.5L, 10% Ib0.25L and 5% Ib1.0, wherein the compensated error values are +0.0508%, +0.1176% +0.1398%, +0.0693%, +0.1069%, +0.1911%, +0.1133%, +0.2579%, +0.4684% and +0.3215%, respectively, and the compensation result shows that the compensation effect is small when the power factor is small and the compensation effect is more significant when the load is large.
The error values of the circuit to be carried under the same condition, which are dynamically compensated by the compensation coefficient, are +0.0512%, +0.1164%, +0.1386%, +0.0288%, +0.0401%, +0.0372%, +0.0722%, +0.0681%, +0.0823%, +0.0659%, so that the reactive power compensation effect is better and the error influence is minimized.
The present application provides an electric energy meter comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor arranged to run the computer program to perform any of the above reactive power compensation methods.
Specifically, the memory is used for storing a dynamic reactive power compensation model, an operation program thereof and data corresponding to the operation program, the processor is a control center of the electric energy meter, the circuit is monitored and controlled by operating the program in the memory and reading the data in the memory, and the reactive power compensation is performed on the circuit.
The present application provides a computer readable storage medium, the computer program being arranged to, when executed, perform any of the above reactive power compensation methods.
Specifically, the computer readable storage medium stores the relation between the load current, the power factor and the compensation coefficient when the reactive power compensation is dynamically performed, and stores the error value data obtained by the compensation, and the stored data is used for the dynamic reactive power compensation model of the electric energy meter to perform the reactive power compensation.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A reactive power compensation method, comprising:
under the condition that a user line communicates in a carrier communication mode, acquiring the working state of the user line, wherein the working state comprises the magnitude of load current and the magnitude of power factor;
judging whether the load current is larger than a set value or not;
determining a compensation coefficient according to the load current and the power factor under the condition that the load current is not larger than the set value;
and compensating the power reading of the electric energy meter of the subscriber line according to the compensation coefficient, wherein the compensation coefficient is less than 1.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the load current is larger than the set value, the power of the subscriber line is not compensated.
3. A reactive power compensation method according to claim 2, wherein the load current, power factor and compensation factor are related by:
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is greater than 0.5L, the compensation coefficient is 0.87;
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is less than or equal to 0.5L and is greater than 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.91;
when the load current is less than or equal to a set value and is greater than 10% of the set value, and the power factor is less than or equal to 0.25L, the compensation coefficient is 0.94;
when the load current is less than or equal to 10% of the set value, the compensation coefficient is 0.95.
4. A reactive power compensation method according to claim 3, wherein the dynamic reactive power compensation model is set according to the relationship between the load current, the power factor and the compensation coefficient as follows:
f of the dynamic reactive power compensation model is the voltage frequency of the power grid, C is the capacitance value of a safety capacitor, U is the voltage value of the power grid, K1 is an ammeter constant, and K2 is a high-frequency pulse constant.
5. The reactive power compensation method according to claim 4, wherein the load current and the power factor determine the optimal compensation coefficient, and the reactive power measurement error is determined by the grid voltage frequency F, the capacitance value C of the safety capacitor and the grid voltage value U.
6. The reactive power compensation method according to claim 5, wherein when the dynamic reactive power compensation model performs reactive power compensation, a standard voltage value of a grid voltage U is 230V and ranges from 184V to 276V, and a standard frequency of a grid voltage frequency F is 50Hz and ranges from 47.5Hz to 52.5Hz.
7. A reactive power compensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of the set value is in the range of 0 to 23A.
8. An electric energy meter, characterized by comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor arranged to run the computer program to perform the reactive power compensation method of any of claims 1-7.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is arranged to perform the reactive power compensation method of any of claims 1-7 when executed.
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