CN114544205A - Automatic fault diagnosis system for locomotive wheel drive running-in test - Google Patents
Automatic fault diagnosis system for locomotive wheel drive running-in test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic fault diagnosis system for a running-in test of a locomotive wheel drive, and relates to the technical field of running-in tests. The invention comprises the following steps: the fault source data acquisition module is used for providing a multi-source data basis for realizing automatic fault diagnosis and positioning and avoiding manual judgment; the fault diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the fault of running-in of the locomotive wheel drive; an automatic diagnostic module. According to the invention, through the fault source data acquisition module, automatic fault diagnosis and positioning are realized, manual judgment is avoided, a multi-source data basis is provided, and automatic intelligent fault detection and diagnosis are realized through the fault diagnosis module for realizing synchronous high-quality acquisition, real-time transmission and multi-source sensing data of multi-source sensor data such as vibration speed, vibration acceleration, temperature, noise and the like; data noise reduction, data normalization and data enhancement of multi-source sensor signals are achieved, and therefore fault diagnosis performance and efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of running-in tests, and particularly relates to an automatic fault diagnosis system for a running-in test of a locomotive wheel drive.
Background
With the rapid development of modern testing technology, computer technology and signal processing technology, the detection and diagnosis technology of the wheel drive of the locomotive is also innovated, the railway departments of various countries are actively developing the research work of locomotive fault diagnosis, and the application of the fault diagnosis technology in the wheel drive device of the locomotive is more and more extensive.
In China, research institutions of related colleges and universities, railway science research institutes and the like also develop research, development and application exploration of technologies related to online monitoring and diagnosis of locomotive wheel drives and fault diagnosis of locomotive parts. The DF4 locomotive main circuit and a control circuit detector thereof are developed by the Qizihaar railway research institute, and the synchronous braking on-line diagnosis system of the MAS-based heavy-load combination train is developed by the university of China and south, so that the real-time monitoring of the braking condition of the HXD1 type heavy-load train can be completed. Shaft temperature alarm devices of locomotives and passenger cars are developed by the institute of electric locomotives in Tanzhou, temperature sensors are arranged on axle boxes and traction motors, the states of bearings of the axle boxes and bearings of the traction motors of the locomotives are monitored, and the shaft temperature alarm devices are applied to the locomotives and the vehicles. The Chengdu technology corporation develops an online monitoring and fault diagnosis system for a running part of a subway vehicle, and reduces the workload and cost of maintenance of the subway vehicle by providing safety monitoring, state evaluation and fault early warning for the running part of the vehicle and a wheel rail.
At present, a locomotive fault detection and diagnosis system is more concentrated on real-time monitoring of the running state of a locomotive, only specific faults and parts are detected, the expandability of a system platform is poor, a high-precision and high-accuracy fault automatic diagnosis and analysis system platform is not established for a locomotive wheel drive running-in test bed, fault diagnosis, analysis and positioning still mainly depend on field detection and observation, and manual judgment and analysis are carried out on the sensor data of the test bed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic fault diagnosis system for a locomotive wheel drive running-in test, which aims to solve the existing problems that: at present, a locomotive fault detection and diagnosis system is more concentrated on real-time monitoring of the running state of a locomotive, only specific faults and parts are detected, the expandability of a system platform is poor, a high-precision and high-accuracy fault automatic diagnosis and analysis system platform is not established for a locomotive wheel drive running-in test bed, fault diagnosis, analysis and positioning still mainly depend on field detection and observation, and manual judgment and analysis are carried out on the sensor data of the test bed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an automatic diagnostic system for locomotive wheel drive running-in test faults comprises:
the fault source data acquisition module is used for providing a multi-source data basis for realizing automatic fault diagnosis and positioning and avoiding manual judgment;
the fault diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the fault of running-in of the locomotive wheel drive;
and the automatic diagnosis module is used for automatically diagnosing faults and analyzing detection data aiming at the locomotive wheel drive running-in test.
Further, the fault source data acquisition module block comprises a fault source data optimization unit and a fault source data acquisition unit;
the fault source data optimization unit improves the acquisition capacity and efficiency of multi-source data and realizes automatic fault diagnosis and accurate judgment of occurrence positions based on multi-source data fusion analysis;
the fault source data acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring data of multi-source sensors such as vibration acceleration, temperature and the like according to different types and channel quantity of detection data of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test bed.
Furthermore, the fault diagnosis module comprises a data preprocessing unit, an abnormal sound fault diagnosis unit and a multi-source information fault diagnosis unit;
the data preprocessing unit expands the detected data samples by a data enhancement method and provides basic data support for automatic detection and diagnosis of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test fault;
the abnormal sound fault diagnosis unit is based on a noise sensor of a locomotive wheel drive running-in test, and realizes abnormal sound detection, positioning and classification of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test by improving an MCRA noise estimation method and an abnormal energy entropy ratio detection method;
the multi-source information fault diagnosis unit realizes fault diagnosis of multi-source information fusion.
Further, the automatic diagnosis module comprises a fault diagnosis subsystem unit and a system integration unit of the diagnosis system and the LMIS;
the fault diagnosis subsystem unit provides a system platform support for a fault automatic diagnosis algorithm;
the diagnosis system and the system integration unit of the LMIS realize bidirectional communication with the LMIS aiming at the automatic diagnosis and data analysis service of the wheel drive fault.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the fault source data acquisition module, automatic fault diagnosis and positioning are realized, manual judgment is avoided, a multi-source data basis is provided, and synchronous high-quality acquisition, real-time transmission and multi-source sensing data of multi-source sensor data such as vibration speed, vibration acceleration, temperature, noise and the like are realized.
2. The invention realizes automatic intelligent fault detection and diagnosis through the fault diagnosis module; meanwhile, a data preprocessing method is provided for various sensor data such as vibration, noise, temperature and the like, and data noise reduction, data normalization and data enhancement of multi-source sensor signals are realized, so that the fault diagnosis performance and efficiency are improved.
3. The invention realizes the safe, reliable and autonomous control of data and service information through the automatic diagnosis module; the diagnostic software realizes online, automatic diagnosis and intelligent judgment of locomotive wheel drive faults, is integrated with the LMIS system upwards, realizes the expansibility and reliability of a software platform on the basis of not changing the existing system, and is convenient for the service expansion of a fault diagnosis system platform.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the system of the present invention as a whole;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fault source data acquisition module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault diagnosis module according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic diagnostic module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention is a system for automatically diagnosing a failure in a running-in test of a wheel drive of a locomotive, comprising:
the fault source data acquisition module is used for providing a multi-source data basis for realizing automatic fault diagnosis and positioning and avoiding manual judgment;
the fault source data acquisition module block comprises a fault source data optimization unit and a fault source data acquisition unit;
the fault source data optimization unit provides a data basis based on fault diagnosis and positioning of multi-source data fusion, researches the relation between multi-source sensing data and fault diagnosis and positioning, and optimizes the function of the test bed;
on one hand, considering that different mechanical structures, fault points and the like of different parts can generate various different fault characteristic frequencies, the number of the existing sensors is increased by planning on wheel set bearings, hold bearings, gear boxes, two ends of motors and the like, so that more comprehensive and effective fault characteristic data is obtained;
on the other hand, considering that the wheel drive structure is fixed and has high strength requirement, the improvement on the wheel drive structure needs to be reduced as much as possible, and a vibration acceleration sensor, a temperature sensor and a noise sensor are additionally arranged to increase the variety and the number of data sources;
an overall optimization scheme is provided for the functions of the running-in test bed by combining the deployment mode of the sensors, so that the acquisition capacity and efficiency of the test bed for multi-source data are improved, and the automatic fault diagnosis and the accurate judgment of the occurrence position based on the fusion analysis of the multi-source data are realized;
the system comprises a fault source data acquisition unit, a fault detection unit and a fault detection unit, wherein the fault source data acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring multi-source sensor data such as vibration acceleration, temperature and the like aiming at different types and channel quantity of detection data of a locomotive wheel drive running-in test bed, gathering and processing the multi-source sensor data through an Internet of things terminal in order to reduce transmission pressure, uploading is completed through a network interface, a wireless transmission module is integrated in the fault source data acquisition unit aiming at multi-source sensing data transmission of the running-in test bed, and a network architecture and a transmission scheme are researched and formulated according to network requirements of data transmission;
through the fault source data acquisition module, automatic fault diagnosis and positioning are realized, manual discrimination is avoided, a multi-source data basis is provided, and synchronous high-quality acquisition, real-time transmission and multi-source sensing data of multi-source sensor data such as vibration speed, vibration acceleration, temperature, noise and the like are realized;
the fault diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the fault of running-in of the locomotive wheel drive;
the fault diagnosis module comprises a data preprocessing unit, an abnormal sound fault diagnosis unit and a multi-source information fault diagnosis unit;
the data preprocessing unit is used for evaluating and experimentally verifying algorithms such as low-pass filtering, sliding average filtering, Kalman filtering, wavelet packet denoising and the like aiming at data acquired by sensors such as vibration, temperature and the like, and then deleting outliers, filling null values or missing values and the like to complete data cleaning, data transformation and data reduction so as to obtain complete and standard sensing data; finally, expanding the detection data sample by a data enhancement method to provide basic data support for automatic detection and diagnosis of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test fault;
the abnormal sound fault diagnosis unit is used for realizing abnormal sound detection, positioning and classification of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test by improving an MCRA noise estimation method and an abnormal energy entropy ratio detection method based on a noise sensor of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test;
on one hand, the MCRA method is improved, and the problems of noise estimation delay and estimation inaccuracy are solved;
on the other hand, aiming at the characteristic of more abnormal noise types, an improved abnormal energy-entropy ratio detection method is adopted, and a specific abnormal frequency band detection energy-entropy ratio is selected for different locomotive wheel drive running-in test fault types for fault diagnosis;
the system comprises a multi-source information fault diagnosis unit, a data center (DR) -compressed natural gas (CNN) analysis unit, a data center (DR) -compressed natural gas (CNN) analysis unit, a data center (N) analysis unit and a data center (N) analysis unit, wherein the multi-source information fault diagnosis unit is used for extracting sound vibration temperature signal characteristics aiming at a wheel set axle box system, a gear transmission system, a traction motor and other key components in the wheel drive of the locomotive, normalizing the characteristic subset as a random forest algorithm model input to realize fault diagnosis of multi-source information fusion, and verifying the fault diagnosis effect of the fault diagnosis of the locomotive wheel drive running-in-wheel drive based on the sound vibration temperature characteristic fusion;
automatic intelligent fault detection and diagnosis are realized through a fault diagnosis module; meanwhile, a data preprocessing method is provided for various sensor data such as vibration, noise, temperature and the like, and data noise reduction, data normalization and data enhancement of multi-source sensor signals are realized, so that the fault diagnosis performance and efficiency are improved.
The automatic diagnosis module is used for automatically diagnosing faults and analyzing detection data of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test;
the automatic diagnosis module comprises a fault diagnosis subsystem unit and a system integration unit of the diagnosis system and the LMIS;
the fault diagnosis subsystem unit is used for developing a locomotive wheel drive running-in test fault diagnosis subsystem unit, realizing the functions of fault data acquisition, wheel drive fault automatic diagnosis and management and analysis of detection data, providing a system platform support for a fault automatic diagnosis algorithm, and realizing the visual display of fault detection data and diagnosis results through software;
the system integration unit of the diagnosis system and the LMIS realizes bidirectional communication with the LMIS aiming at the automatic diagnosis and data analysis service of the wheel drive fault, acquires locomotive maintenance tasks in the LMIS through an intersystem data interface, and transmits a fault diagnosis result to the LMIS in real time;
the safety, reliability and autonomous controllability of data and service information are realized through the automatic diagnosis module; the diagnostic software realizes the online, automatic diagnosis and intelligent judgment of the locomotive wheel drive fault, integrates with the LMIS system upwards, realizes the expansibility and reliability of the software platform on the basis of not changing the existing system, and is convenient for the service expansion of the fault diagnosis system platform.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a locomotive wheel drives running-in test trouble automatic diagnostic system which characterized in that includes:
the fault source data acquisition module is used for providing a multi-source data basis for realizing automatic fault diagnosis and positioning and avoiding manual judgment;
the fault diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the fault of running-in of the locomotive wheel drive;
and the automatic diagnosis module is used for automatically diagnosing faults and analyzing detection data aiming at the locomotive wheel drive running-in test.
2. The automatic fault diagnosis system for the running-in test of the locomotive wheel drive is characterized in that the fault source data acquisition module block comprises a fault source data optimization unit and a fault source data acquisition unit;
the fault source data optimization unit improves the acquisition capacity and efficiency of multi-source data and realizes automatic fault diagnosis and accurate judgment of occurrence positions based on multi-source data fusion analysis;
the fault source data acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring data of multi-source sensors such as vibration acceleration, temperature and the like according to different types and channel quantity of detection data of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test bed.
3. The automatic fault diagnosis system for the running-in test of the wheel drive of the locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the fault diagnosis module comprises a data preprocessing unit, an abnormal sound fault diagnosis unit and a multi-source information fault diagnosis unit;
the data preprocessing unit expands the detected data samples by a data enhancement method and provides basic data support for automatic detection and diagnosis of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test fault;
the abnormal sound fault diagnosis unit is based on a noise sensor of a locomotive wheel drive running-in test, and realizes abnormal sound detection, positioning and classification of the locomotive wheel drive running-in test by improving an MCRA noise estimation method and an abnormal energy entropy ratio detection method;
the multi-source information fault diagnosis unit realizes fault diagnosis of multi-source information fusion.
4. A locomotive wheel drive running-in test fault automatic diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein said automatic diagnosis module comprises a fault diagnosis subsystem unit and a system integration unit of the diagnosis system and the LMIS;
the fault diagnosis subsystem unit provides a system platform support for a fault automatic diagnosis algorithm;
the diagnosis system and the system integration unit of the LMIS realize bidirectional communication with the LMIS aiming at the automatic diagnosis and data analysis service of the wheel drive fault.
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