CN114540564A - Method for extracting metallic copper from domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand - Google Patents
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- CN114540564A CN114540564A CN202210100456.XA CN202210100456A CN114540564A CN 114540564 A CN114540564 A CN 114540564A CN 202210100456 A CN202210100456 A CN 202210100456A CN 114540564 A CN114540564 A CN 114540564A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B15/00—Other processes for the manufacture of iron from iron compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0002—Preliminary treatment
- C22B15/0004—Preliminary treatment without modification of the copper constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0054—Slag, slime, speiss, or dross treating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting metal copper from domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand, which comprises the following steps: (a) carrying out magnetic separation on the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand to remove magnetic substances in the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand; (b) sorting the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand to remove aluminum metal impurities in the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand; (c) and (3) placing the copper sand after impurity removal in an oxygen-insulated environment at 1400-1600 ℃ for smelting, and separating liquid copper from other impurities to obtain a metal copper product with the Cu content of more than 85 wt%. The method does not need a separating agent, an acidolysis solution and an extracting agent, has the advantages of simple production process, high product purity, high extraction rate and the like, really realizes the regeneration of the copper simple substance in the copper sand, and has good application prospect and social value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method for extracting metal copper from copper sand of bottom slag of household garbage incineration.
Background
With the acceleration of the urbanization development of China and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the yield of urban domestic garbage is increased by about 5% -8% per year, in order to deal with the series of potential risks possibly induced by a large amount of domestic garbage, the incineration proportion of the domestic garbage in the cities and the towns of China is increased from 34% in 2015 to 55% in 2020, and the landfill proportion is reduced from 64% to 40%. The waste incineration is that the waste is oxidized and reduced in volume at high temperature through reactions such as thermal decomposition, combustion, melting and the like, and finally becomes incombustible residue or molten solid matter, and the heat energy generated in the process is recovered and then used for power generation or heating, so that the purpose of recycling the waste is achieved. The burning method not only has obvious volume reduction and weight reduction effects, but also can kill various pathogens at high temperature and convert toxic substances into harmless substances, and gradually becomes a main mode for treating domestic garbage in China.
Incineration is not the final stage of domestic waste treatment. After the household garbage is incinerated, the volume can be reduced by more than 90%, but 20-30% (mass fraction) of residues are generated, wherein the bottom residues account for 90% of the total mass of the incinerated residues, and the fly ash accounts for 10%. The bottom slag belongs to general solid waste and mainly consists of slag, black and non-ferrous metals, ceramic fragments, glass fragments and other non-combustible substances. The bottom slag contains a large amount of silicate slag, and can be used as building materials after metal impurities are removed through physical separation. The metal in the bottom slag is generally from iron, aluminum, copper and their alloy products used in daily life, and the metal with lower melting point (such as aluminum) is remelted and aggregated under the condition of high temperature (850-. In addition, under the high-temperature oxidation condition, part of the metal surface is oxidized to generate metal oxide. Therefore, the metal in the bottom slag often exists in the forms of simple substances, alloys and oxides.
The metal impurities separated from the bottom slag by physical separation generally contain a certain amount of valuable metallic copper, i.e. copper sand. In order to improve the content of copper in the copper sand, sunhuanhuan discloses a device for sorting the copper sand from the bottom slag of the incineration of the household garbage (Chinese patent CN208712187U), and the bottom slag is sorted by the steps of screening, filtering and the like to obtain the copper sand with higher copper content. However, the copper sand still contains many impurities, such as magnetic substances (Fe, Fe alloy and oxide thereof), aluminum metals (Al, Al alloy and oxide thereof), zinc metals (alloy and oxide thereof), silicate slag, and the like. In addition, Cu is easily oxidized to generate copper oxide in the incineration process, and Cu and Zn form copper-zinc alloy under the high-temperature condition, so that the efficiency of recovering copper by using a mechanical physical method is influenced to a certain extent. The Chinese patent (CN109402404A) firstly utilizes sulfuric acid to dissolve the waste incineration bottom slag ash tailings, then an extraction method is used for enriching copper ions in acidolysis solution, and an electrodeposition method is used for extracting metal copper, but the method needs reagents such as strong acid, an extracting agent and the like, and is easy to cause environmental pollution and waste water treatment problems.
In conclusion, there is a need to develop a simple, efficient, environment-friendly and reliable method for fully recovering elemental copper from the copper sand of the bottom slag of the incineration of household garbage.
Disclosure of Invention
One purpose of the invention is to provide a method for extracting metal copper from household garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand, which comprises the following steps: (a) carrying out magnetic separation on the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand, and separating to remove magnetic substances contained in the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand; (b) sorting the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand, and separating to remove aluminum metal impurities contained in the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand; (c) and (3) placing the copper sand left after impurity removal in an oxygen-insulated environment for high-temperature melting, separating liquid metal copper, and cooling.
Further, the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand in the step (a) comprises 10-30 wt% of copper, 25-45 wt% of magnetic substances, 15-30 wt% of aluminum, 8-18 wt% of zinc, and the balance of silicate slag and other impurities.
Further, the sorting method in the step (b) is a density sorting method such as shaking table and jigging. Under the action of a table type sorting device, aluminum metal and other solid particles in the copper sand obtained by magnetic separation are separated according to specific gravity under the combined action of mechanical shaking and water flow flushing, move along respective directions and finally flow out from different discharge ports. In jigging separation equipment, copper sand particles move under the action of vertical alternating water flow, loosening and compacting alternately occur, finally different substances are layered according to self specific gravity, low-density aluminum metal on the upper layer is discharged from the upper part, and the rest is discharged from the lower part.
Further, the magnetic separation in the step (a) and the sorting in the step (b) can be interchanged in sequence, namely, the copper sand of the waste incineration bottom slag can be sorted firstly to remove the aluminum metal impurities in the copper sand, and then the sorted copper sand is subjected to magnetic separation to remove the magnetic substances in the copper sand.
Furthermore, the magnetic substance separated in the step (a) is used as a recycled iron metal raw material for resource utilization, and the aluminum metal separated in the step (b) is used as a recycled aluminum raw material for resource utilization.
Further, the copper sand needs to be fully dried before the heating and melting in the step (c) so as to remove moisture as much as possible and avoid the damage of the equipment or the device caused by the water vapor generated under the high-temperature condition.
Further, the oxygen-barrier environment in step (c) is realized by any one of the following ways: A. vacuumizing the melting device; B. introducing inert gas or reducing gas into a melting device; and C, adding a reducing agent into the copper sand.
Further, the inert gas includes N2、CO2The reducing gas comprises CO and H2。
Furthermore, the reducing agent is selected from at least one of carbon powder, coke and anthracite with the particle size of less than 5mm, and the mass ratio of the residual copper sand after separation to the reducing agent is 3-20: 1.
Furthermore, the reducing agent is added in a way of being flatly laid on the surface of the copper sand.
Further, the melting temperature of the remaining copper sand after the impurity removal in the step (c) is 1300 ℃ or higher, preferably 1400-1600 ℃.
Further, the Cu content of the metallic copper product obtained after cooling in the step (c) is not less than 85 wt%.
The invention carries out magnetic separation on the copper sand, and aims to remove magnetic substances in the copper sand, reduce the impurity content, avoid the generation of alloy of Cu and Fe under the high-temperature condition and reduce the purity of a metal copper product. The purpose of sorting the copper sandThe method is used for removing aluminum metal in the copper sand and further reducing the content of impurities. According to the aluminum metal density (2.7 g/cm)3) Density of copper and its alloy (7.80-8.94 g/cm)3) The method has the characteristics of large difference, and can simply and efficiently separate the aluminum metal impurities from the copper sand by a density separation method such as a shaking table, a jigging and the like. The subsequent high temperature melting process requires strict control of oxygen content, mainly to avoid Cu and O2The reaction produces copper oxides, resulting in a reduced Cu recovery.
Control of the melting temperature is also important, typically the melting point of copper is 1083 ℃, and the melting point of copper alloys is generally lower than that of copper. The copper sand remaining after sorting still contains high-melting-point impurities, such as silicate slag, metal oxides and the like, which can increase the melt viscosity of the material at high temperature and is not beneficial to the separation of copper and the impurities, so that the high-temperature melting temperature is set to be above 1300 ℃. Under the temperature condition, the waste copper metal and the alloy thereof (mainly Cu-Zn alloy, namely brass) are melted, wherein Zn (with the boiling point of 911 ℃) in the brass volatilizes in a gaseous state, high-density copper is deposited at the bottom of the material in a liquid state, and low-density and high-viscosity silicate (slag) melt floats on liquid metal copper, so that the separation of the copper and impurities can be realized. The melting temperature is increased to 1400-1600 ℃, the silicate slag and the metal oxide in the melting furnace fully react and melt at the temperature, the melt viscosity is greatly reduced, and the high-efficiency separation of the metal copper and the impurities is facilitated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the progress effect is realized in the following aspects:
(1) aiming at the domestic waste incineration bottom slag copper sand, metal impurities such as iron and aluminum in the copper sand are removed through a physical separation method, so that the high-temperature melting efficiency is improved, the iron and aluminum metals in the copper sand can be recovered, and the full-component recovery and reutilization of the copper sand is realized. In addition, the invention does not need additional separating agent, acidolysis solution, extracting agent and other chemical reagents, thereby reducing the problems of environmental pollution and wastewater treatment caused by additional reagents.
(2) The method extracts the simple substance copper from the solid waste copper sand to realize the regeneration of the copper, not only avoids the waste of the waste copper and the pollution to the environment, but also more importantly, the production energy consumption and the pollution of the regenerated copper are far lower than those of the original copper, and the method has the advantages of energy conservation and remarkable environmental benefit.
(3) The high-purity metal copper is obtained by melting the copper sand at high temperature under the oxygen-isolated condition, the whole process is relatively simple, the added value of the product is high, and the method has good application prospect and social value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art fully understand the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following description is further provided with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The method for extracting copper from the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand provided by the invention is shown in figure 1, and the specific flow is as follows:
the first step is as follows: and carrying out magnetic separation on the copper sand to remove magnetic substances in the copper sand. The raw material copper sand of each embodiment of the invention is solid matter obtained after separating and removing silicate slag from household garbage incineration bottom slag, mainly comprises iron, aluminum, copper and alloy thereof, partial metal oxide and silicate slag, wherein the copper content is 10-30 wt%, and the resource potential is huge. The magnetic separation of the copper sand can remove 25-45 wt% of magnetic substances (Fe, Fe alloy and the like), and the removed substances can be used as a renewable iron metal raw material for producing iron products, steel products and various alloy products.
The second step is that: and (4) sorting the copper sand subjected to magnetic separation to remove aluminum metal impurities in the copper sand. The sorting mode is jigging sorting or table sorting, and by utilizing the characteristic that different metals have larger density difference, low-density aluminum metal impurities (Al, Al alloy and the like) accounting for 15-30 wt% of copper sand can be removed after sorting, and the removed substances can also be used as raw materials of secondary aluminum for casting aluminum alloy and aluminum iron.
In view of the density of iron and its alloys (7.15-7.87 g/cm)3) The density of the copper sand is similar to that of copper and copper alloy, and the copper sand has larger difference with that of aluminum metal, and during actual operation, the copper sand can be subjected to density separation to remove aluminum metal impurities in the copper sand, and then the separated copper sand is subjected to density separationAnd magnetically separating to remove the magnetic substances in the magnetic particles.
The third step: and heating and melting the copper sand after impurity removal under an oxygen-isolated condition, depositing molten copper at the bottom of the material, discharging the copper from a discharge port, and cooling the liquid copper to obtain a metal copper product, wherein the Cu content of the metal copper product is more than 85 wt%. Before high-temperature melting, the copper sand after impurity removal needs to be dried in advance to remove moisture in the copper sand, so that the phenomenon that the melting device is damaged due to the fact that a large amount of water vapor is generated by evaporation of the heated moisture is avoided.
The oxygen isolation condition has various realization modes, including vacuumizing, introducing inert gas or reducing gas to replace air, adding reducing agent and the like. For the first method, the induced draft fan is used for extracting gas in the melting device, so that the content of air in the melting device is reduced, and copper sand and O are reduced2Namely, the oxygen-isolating effect is achieved by maintaining the interior of the melting device in a negative pressure state. The negative pressure state in the melting device is also beneficial to the gasification and evaporation of zinc. In the second method, an inert gas (N) is introduced into the melting apparatus2、CO2) Or reducing gases (CO, H)2) Maintaining its interior at a positive pressure to expel or replace O2Thereby achieving the oxygen isolation effect. Blowing reducing gas as protective gas to discharge O in the melting device2It is also possible to maintain the inside of the copper sand in a reducing atmosphere, considering that the CuO in the copper sand is more oxidizing than Fe2O3、Al2O3And ZnO, the reducing gas preferentially reacts with the copper oxide to produce Cu, contributing to an increase in the recovery rate of Cu. The same inert gas N is introduced2And an oxygen isolation condition can be provided, so that the oxidation loss of the metal copper in the high-temperature melting process is effectively avoided. For the third method, a layer of reducing agent is uniformly spread on the surface of the copper sand after impurity removal, and the required oxygen-isolating condition is provided by oxidation of the reducing agent. The reducing agent can be carbon powder, coke, anthracite, etc., and its grain size is controlled below 5 mm. The surface area of the powder reducing agent is large, the contact probability with the copper sand is increased, and the smooth proceeding of the high-temperature reduction copper oxide reaction is facilitated. Under high temperature conditions, the reducing agent can be mixed with O in the melting device2Reacting to separate oxygen; in additionOn one hand, the method can also be used for reducing copper oxide in copper sand and improving the recovery rate of copper. The addition amount of the reducing agent with a proper proportion can ensure that the oxidation-reduction reaction in the high-temperature melting process of the copper sand is completed, reduce the waste of the reducing agent and reduce the production cost, and the best mass ratio of the copper sand and the reducing agent after impurity removal determined by the inventor is 3-20: 1.
The domestic waste incineration bottom slag copper sand in each embodiment of the invention is derived from a certain waste incineration power plant in east China, and analysis and detection results show that the domestic waste incineration bottom slag copper sand contains 10-30 wt% of copper, 25-45 wt% of iron, 15-30 wt% of aluminum, 8-18 wt% of zinc, and the balance of silicate slag and other impurities.
Example 1
(1) 160g of domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand is accurately weighed, magnetic separation is carried out on the copper sand by utilizing a magnet, and 50g of magnetic substances are separated.
(2) Separating white metal particles, namely 25g of aluminum metal impurities, from the copper sand remaining after the magnetic separation, and drying the remaining copper sand in a 105 ℃ oven for 6h to completely remove water.
(3) Spreading the dried 95g of copper sand in a crucible, weighing 24g of powdered activated carbon (the mass ratio of the copper sand to the reducing agent after impurity removal is about 4:1), uniformly covering the powdered activated carbon on the copper sand, transferring the crucible containing the materials into a muffle furnace at 1500 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour at the temperature.
(4) And taking the crucible out of the muffle furnace, cracking the crucible after the crucible is cooled to room temperature, and separating the metal blocks from the vitreous slag to obtain 42g of metal products. The metal product was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and the composition thereof was as shown in table 1, and the result showed that the content of Cu in the metal product was 96 wt%.
Example 2
(1) 160g of domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand is accurately weighed, and is magnetically separated by a magnet, so that 46g of magnetic substances are separated.
(2) Separating white metal particles, namely 42g of aluminum metal impurities, from the copper sand remaining after the magnetic separation, and drying the remaining copper sand in a 105 ℃ oven for 6h to completely remove water.
(3) And spreading the dried 72g of copper sand in a crucible, transferring the crucible containing the materials into an atmosphere furnace, introducing nitrogen as protective gas, heating the mixture to 1500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1 h.
(4) And taking the crucible out of the atmosphere furnace, opening the crucible after the crucible is cooled to room temperature, and separating metal blocks from the vitreous slag to finally obtain 35g of metal products. The metal product was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by XRF, and the composition thereof is shown in table 1, and the result showed that the Cu content in the metal product was 90 wt%.
Example 3
(1) 100kg of domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand is weighed and put into a dry-type cylinder magnetic separator for magnetic separation, and 25.6kg of magnetic substances are separated.
(2) And putting the residual copper sand after magnetic separation into an ore feeding groove of shaking table separation equipment, adding 100kg of water to prepare ore pulp, separating and separating 19.8kg of aluminum metal impurities by using a shaking table, filtering the residual copper sand, and drying in a drying oven at 105 ℃ for 6 hours to thoroughly remove water.
(3) And (3) putting about 54.6kg of dried copper sand into a vacuum smelting furnace, starting a mechanical pump, opening a low vacuum valve to extract air in the furnace, and raising the temperature in the furnace to 1500 ℃ when the vacuum degree reaches-0.09 MPa so that the temperature of the copper sand is kept at the temperature for 3 hours.
(4) And after the heat preservation is finished, discharging the copper melt from a discharge hole at the bottom of the smelting furnace, and cooling to obtain 23.1kg of metal copper product. The metal product was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by XRF, and the composition thereof is shown in table 1, and the result showed that the Cu content of the metal product was 86 wt%.
TABLE 1 examples ofExample obtainedXRF composition analysis result (wt%) of metal product
Other mainly comprises Sn, Al, Cr, Ni and Other metal substances
While the invention has been described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting metal copper from domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) carrying out magnetic separation on the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand, and separating to remove magnetic substances contained in the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand;
(b) sorting the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand, and separating to remove aluminum metal impurities contained in the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand;
(c) and (3) placing the copper sand left after impurity removal in an oxygen-insulated environment for high-temperature melting, separating liquid metal copper, and cooling.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the content of copper in the domestic garbage incineration bottom slag copper sand in the step (a) is 10 wt% -30 wt%, the content of magnetic substances is 25 wt% -45 wt%, the content of aluminum is 15 wt% -30 wt%, the content of zinc is 8 wt% -18 wt%, and the balance is silicate slag and impurities.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (c) recycling the magnetic substances separated in the step (a) as recycled iron metal raw materials, and recycling the aluminum metals separated in the step (b) as recycled aluminum raw materials.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (c) sorting according to the step (b) when removing impurities, and then carrying out magnetic separation according to the step (a).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (c) fully drying the copper sand before heating and melting, wherein the Cu content in the metal copper product obtained after cooling is not less than 85 wt%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the oxygen-insulating environment in the step (c) is realized by the following method: and vacuumizing the melting device, or introducing inert gas or reducing gas into the melting device, or adding a reducing agent into the copper sand.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the inert gas comprises N2Or CO2The reducing gas comprises CO or H2。
8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the reducing agent is selected from at least one of carbon powder, coke and anthracite with the particle size of less than 5mm, the mass ratio of the residual copper sand after impurity removal to the reducing agent is 3-20:1, and the adding mode of the reducing agent is that the reducing agent is flatly laid on the surface of the copper sand.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the melting temperature of the residual copper sand after impurity removal in the step (c) is more than 1300 ℃.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the melting temperature in the step (c) is 1400-1600 ℃.
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2022
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| CN1614047A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2005-05-11 | 洛阳铜加工集团有限责任公司 | Electronic tough copper and its production |
| US20100242676A1 (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2010-09-30 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Recovery of residues containing copper and other valuable metals |
| JP2009185369A (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-20 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method for recovering metal from copper and iron mixed scrap |
| CN112921186A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 广东中翔环保建材有限公司 | Method for extracting metal aluminum from household garbage incinerator slag |
| CN113699382A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 上海中川国宇环境有限公司 | Treatment device and treatment process applied to slag recycling |
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| 王敦球等: "固体废物处理工程", vol. 1, 中国环境出版社, pages: 195 - 196 * |
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