CN114537703B - Device and method for processing wings of miniature ornithopter - Google Patents
Device and method for processing wings of miniature ornithopter Download PDFInfo
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- CN114537703B CN114537703B CN202111481863.1A CN202111481863A CN114537703B CN 114537703 B CN114537703 B CN 114537703B CN 202111481863 A CN202111481863 A CN 202111481863A CN 114537703 B CN114537703 B CN 114537703B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
- B26D3/10—Making cuts of other than simple rectilinear form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
- B29C69/001—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore a shaping technique combined with cutting, e.g. in parts or slices combined with rearranging and joining the cut parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
- B29L2031/3085—Wings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/10—Drag reduction
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Abstract
A processing device and a manufacturing method of wings of a miniature ornithopter are applied to processing and manufacturing of wings of the miniature ornithopter, and the processing device comprises a base, a rotating device A, a rotating device B, a sliding device and a baffle. The flapping wing processing device and the manufacturing method provided by the invention realize the process and the refinement of the processing and manufacturing process of the miniature flapping wing aircraft wing, on one hand, realize batch manufacturing of the wings and ensure the repeatability of the wings, and on the other hand, reduce the defects of the wing membrane due to cutting in the wing membrane cutting process, avoid the problems of tearing in the wing membrane moving process and the like, and prolong the service life of the wing membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The patent belongs to the field of miniature aircrafts, and particularly relates to a device and a method for processing wings of a miniature ornithopter.
Background
The concept of micro-aircraft was first proposed in the nineties of the last century. Compared with the conventional layout aircraft, the miniature aircraft has the advantages of light weight, small volume, simple operation and low cost, has wide application scenes in military and civil aspects, and has good scientific research value. In military aspect, the miniature ornithopter can be used for tracking, monitoring and individual carrying to improve the combat capability; in the civil aspect, the miniature ornithopter can also be applied to the fields of security inspection, fire monitoring, traffic monitoring and the like.
The miniature ornithopter has light weight and small volume, so that a strong coupling relationship exists among multiple systems. In the same case of the mechanism, the wing parameters to be applied will also vary as the overall design criteria (e.g., weight, size) vary. However, because the parameters (such as area, length expansion, wing structural form and rigidity) of the wing are more, tight coupling exists between the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the efficiency of the whole aircraft, the design of the miniature flapping wing aircraft wing is still optimized and selected mainly by an experimental test method. The experimental test method needs to perform repeated experiments on a plurality of wings to finally determine the real aerodynamic performance of a wing with a certain configuration, and in addition, after the wing with a certain configuration is selected by the experimental test method, the subsequent processing technology needs to be ensured to be capable of reproducing the preferred wing. Both of these factors place high demands on the uniformity of the wing.
A complete pair of flapping wings comprises two identical flapping wings, a single flapping wing consisting of a wing membrane and a beam. The processing of the flapping wing film of the flapping wing of the current miniature flapping wing aircraft is mainly finished by manual manufacturing. Firstly, cutting a wing film according to a required shape, and reserving redundant slender rectangular areas at the front edge and the wing root of the wing for subsequent flapping wing installation; bonding the beam to the corresponding position of the wing film; and finally, the area reserved at the wing front edge is folded and bonded along the line segment at the wing front edge to form a sleeve, the sleeve can be sleeved on the wing front edge rod of the miniature ornithopter when the ornithopter is installed, and the area reserved at the wing root can be fixed on the wing root rod of the miniature ornithopter when the ornithopter is installed through adhesive tape.
Although the cutting of the wing film can be efficiently, automatically and accurately finished by equipment such as a laser cutting machine, in the actual processing process of the wing, the flapping wing has a simple structure, low processing and manufacturing cost and seldom selects an automatic processing mode to process the flapping wing film because the equipment is expensive. From the wing film cutting link of flapping wing processing and manufacturing, the following problems mainly exist in the manual manufacturing mode: firstly, it is difficult to ensure that the size of the cut edge is completely consistent with that of the designed flapping wing template by manually cutting the wing membrane, and the wing membrane cut according to the template with the same shape is different; secondly, fine flaws are easy to appear at the stop position of the cutter in the wing film shearing process, and if the flaws are just near the end points of the auxiliary beams, the flapping wings can be easily torn due to stress concentration during flapping. Therefore, it is necessary to design a flapping wing processing method capable of ensuring the processing and manufacturing precision and reducing the tearing of the wing film.
In order to improve the processing precision of the flapping wing film of the miniature flapping wing aircraft and reduce the tearing condition in the using process of the flapping wing, the processing device of the wing of the miniature flapping wing aircraft can be used for assisting in manual manufacturing, the processing device can accurately cut the wing film according to the size requirement of the wing, and the cutting of the wing film at the key position where the flapping wing is easy to tear can not easily cause flaws at the edge of the flapping wing due to human factors. The traditional flapping wing processing device of the miniature flapping wing aircraft can only confirm the sizes of the front edge and the wing root and the positions of the turndown positions, and manual cutting is needed when the wing film is actually processed, so that the condition of inaccurate cutting possibly occurs, and the integrity of cutting edges is difficult to ensure. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device for processing the wings of a micro-ornithopter, which has a simple structure, can accurately and consistently meet the requirements of the flapping wings in terms of the size and avoid flaws.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a processing device for a miniature flapping-wing aircraft wing, aiming at the problems that the manual processing accuracy and consistency of the flapping-wing of the traditional miniature flapping-wing aircraft are not high and the shearing edge of a wing film is easy to generate flaws. The device can process and cut the edges of the wing films used by the flapping wings according to different size requirements of the flapping wings, and has high accuracy, good consistency and difficult flaw occurrence in the processing process. The device can be used for processing the wings of the miniature ornithopter.
The device for processing the wing of the miniature ornithopter can be functionally divided into a wing root processing layer, a wing front and rear edge processing layer and a wing tip processing layer. The wing root processing layer is composed of a base and a rotating device A, and is used for processing the edge of the root of the flapping wing, and the rotating device A is sleeved into a cylindrical assembly of the base through a circular ring at one end and can freely rotate around the cylindrical assembly of the base; the wing front and rear edge processing layer consists of a sliding device and a baffle plate, and is used for processing the front and rear edges of the flapping wing, and the sliding device and the baffle plate are fixed above the base through strip grooves of the base; the wing tip processing layer is a rotating device B which is used for processing the edge of the wing tip, and the rotating device B is sleeved into the cylindrical assembly of the base through a circular ring at one end and can freely rotate around the cylindrical assembly.
The wing root processing layer comprises a base and a rotating device A. The base consists of an annular assembly, a rectangular block and a cylindrical assembly and is used for fixing the rotating device A, the sliding device, the baffle and the rotating device B and confirming the rotating angle of the rotating device A or the sliding size of the sliding device. One section of the annular combination body is an arc with a central angle of 90 degrees, the other section of the annular combination body is an arc body, the upper surface of the arc is marked with an angle scale from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, the position near the free end of the arc is marked with 0 degrees, the intersection point of the arc and the arc body is marked with 90 degrees, the radius of the arc is more than 1.5 times of the designed span length, and the annular combination body can be used for limiting and confirming the rotation angle of the rotating device A; the annular assembly is fixedly connected with the rectangular block at the other end of the arc body; the front of the rectangular block is provided with an I-shaped chute for restricting the sliding of the sliding device, the lower side of the rectangular block is provided with an elongated chute for restricting the sliding of a cutter of the rotating device A, the lower side of the elongated chute is provided with scale marks for measuring the length of the processing wing, the front side and the rear side of the rectangular block are respectively provided with a groove, and the baffle plate can slide along the rectangular block. The cylindrical assembly consists of a bottom cylindrical section, a middle threaded section and a top layer fixing part, is positioned at the left lower side of the rectangular block and is used for fixing a rotating device A and a rotating device B, the circle center of the bottom cylindrical section coincides with the circle center of the circular arc of the annular assembly, the upper half part of the bottom cylindrical section is carved with threads, the lower half part of the bottom cylindrical section is a light column, the middle threaded section is connected with the bottom cylindrical section through a lower end threaded hole and is provided with a section of smooth cylinder, the rotating device A can freely rotate around the bottom cylindrical section, the upper end of the middle threaded section is a combination of threads and the light column, the top layer fixing part is connected with the middle threaded section through a lower end threaded hole and is provided with a section of smooth cylinder, and the rotating device B can freely rotate around the smooth cylinder of the middle threaded section.
The rotating device A consists of a graduated scale A, a wing root blade and a fastening screw and is used for precisely cutting the wing root edge on the wing film to be cut. The inner side of the graduated scale A is a circular ring, the circular ring can be sleeved in the bottom cylindrical section of the base, the rotating device A can freely rotate around the bottom cylindrical section, graduation marks are carved on the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale A, the graduation mark range exceeds the maximum chord length of the flapping wing, the upper side of the middle section of the graduated scale A is hollow, a 'mouth' is formed, a threaded hole is formed in the protruding end of the outer side of the graduated scale, and after the fastening screw is inserted into the threaded hole, the graduated scale A is fixed at the designed wing root position. The upper half part of the wing root blade is a 'back' type sliding block, and is fixed on the upper half part of the graduated scale A, and can slide along the direction of the ruler body, the lower half part is shaped like a rectangular piece for cutting two corners of a short side, the movement direction is consistent with the direction of a cutting edge, and the cutting of the wing root edge of a wing film to be cut can be realized.
The wing front and rear edge processing layer comprises a sliding device and a baffle. The sliding device consists of a graduated scale C, a sliding block, a front edge blade, a rear edge blade and a fastening screw, and can precisely cut the front edge and the rear edge of the wing film to be cut. The inner side of the graduated scale C is an I-shaped boss, the graduated scale C can slide along the I-shaped chute of the base, the middle section of the graduated scale C is a scale mark, the scale mark range is not less than the span length of the flapping wing, the starting end of the scale mark is provided with a front edge blade, the blade is pointed downward by the graduated scale, the sliding block is reversely C-shaped and can freely slide along the middle section of the graduated scale C, a threaded hole is formed above the sliding block and used for inserting a fastening screw, the fastening screw is locked downwards and can fix the position of the sliding block, and the rear edge blade is inserted below the sliding block and used for cutting the rear edge of the wing film. The baffle is similar to a C shape, is inserted into grooves on the front side and the rear side of the rectangular block of the base and can freely slide along the grooves on the two sides of the base, a threaded hole is formed in the upper portion of the baffle and is used for inserting a fastening screw, the fastening screw is locked downwards, the baffle can be fixed on the base, and the length of a cutting wing film of the sliding device is prevented from exceeding the design flapping span length.
The wingtip processing layer comprises a rotating device B, wherein the rotating device B consists of a graduated scale B, a sliding block, a wingtip blade and a fastening screw, and can accurately cut the wingtip edge of a wingfilm to be cut; the inside of the graduated scale B is a circular ring, the circular ring can be sleeved in the middle thread section of the base, the rotating device B can rotate downwards to the vertical rectangular block around the middle thread section from a position parallel to the rectangular block of the base, scale marks are carved on the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale B, the scale mark range is larger than the span length of the flapping wing, the sliding block is reversely C-shaped and can freely slide along the middle section of the graduated scale B, a threaded hole is formed in the upper part of the sliding block and used for inserting a fastening screw, the fastening screw can be locked downwards to fix the position of the sliding block, and the wingtip blade is inserted below the sliding block and used for cutting wingtip parts of the wingtip films.
A flapping wing film material made of a processing device of a wing of a miniature flapping wing aircraft comprises PI, PET, spinning cloth and the like.
A process for manufacturing a flapping wing by using a processing device of a wing of a miniature flapping wing aircraft comprises the following steps:
1. the method comprises the steps of fixing a wing film material on a horizontal smooth platform in a flat and unbroken manner through an adhesive tape, drawing the shape of a required wing film on the wing film material by using a pen, and arranging a processing device on the wing film material to ensure that a processing area of the processing device covers a part of the wing film needing processing treatment.
2. The initial positions of the rotating device A, the sliding device, the baffle and the rotating device B are adjusted; rotating the rotating device A to the same angle as the wing root of the flapping wing, adjusting the sliding block of the rotating device A until the wing root is close to the rear edge end, and then fixing by using a fastening screw; the sliding device slides to an end point of the cylindrical assembly, close to the base, of the chute along the I-shaped chute of the base, the baffle is fixed to the base through a fastening screw, and the left side surface of the baffle is flush with scale marks corresponding to the design length of the flapping wings on the rectangular block of the base; and rotating the rotating device B to be horizontal, adjusting the sliding block of the rotating device B to enable the wingtip blade to be aligned with the wingtip position of the flapping wing design, and then fixing the wingtip blade by using a fastening screw.
3. And processing the edge of the wing root, sliding the wing root blade along the graduated scale A from the end, close to the front edge, of the wing root to the end, close to the rear edge, of the wing root, loosening the fastening screw of the rotating device A, rotating the rotating device A to the root point, close to the front edge, of the wing membrane along the wing root, and completing the edge cutting of the wing root.
4. And processing the front edge and the rear edge of the wing, fixing the sliding block of the sliding device on the scale C through a fastening screw to scale marks corresponding to the design chord length of the flapping wing, sliding the sliding device along the rectangular base block until the front edge blade contacts the baffle, and respectively cutting the front edge and the rear edge of the wing film by the front edge blade and the rear edge blade.
5. And processing the wingtip edge, and rotating the rotating device B from the initial position until the wingtip blade track intersects with the trailing edge blade track, so as to complete the cutting of the wingtip edge.
6. And taking out the wing film below the device to obtain the complete wing film required by manufacturing the flapping wings. And cutting out equal-length carbon rods according to the lengths of the auxiliary beams, and adhering the carbon rods to the corresponding positions of the wing films by using glue. The auxiliary Liang Duandian at the root arc line of the wing is reinforced by the adhesive tape, so that damage caused by flaws at the wing film is avoided.
7. Glue is coated at the cutting position of the front edge of the wing, the edge is folded and stuck along the line segment drawn by the front edge of the wing film to form a sleeve, and then the adhesive tape is stuck at the cutting position of the wing root. Thus, the manufacture of the complete flapping wing is completed. Repeating the above operation to obtain a pair of complete flapping wings, which can be directly installed on a miniature flapping wing aircraft.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The wing span, chord length and wing root deflection angle of the flapping wing processed by the processing device of the wing of the miniature flapping wing aircraft can be freely adjusted in a certain range, and the scales of the scale in actual processing are used as the standard. Compared with the traditional flapping wing processing device, the flapping wing processing device has the advantage that the overall dimension of the processed flapping wing is more accurate.
(2) The blade for cutting the wing film material can move along with the graduated scale or the sliding block, the movement track is regular, the stress is stable, the height is kept unchanged, the edge of the cut wing film is smooth and flawless, and the flapping wing processed by the wing film processed by the invention has good consistency, longer service life and difficult damage. The device is used in actual test flight, the aerodynamic performance of the two side wings is symmetrical, the aircraft has no initial rolling moment, a pre-applied rolling rudder is not required to be applied, the effective rudder control amount of the aircraft is ensured, and the control is convenient.
(3) A processing device for wings of a miniature ornithopter adopts a pure mechanical structure, and has simple structure and convenient assembly and disassembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for machining a wing of a micro-ornithopter in general;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base of a device for machining a wing of a micro-ornithopter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a base cylinder assembly of a device for machining a wing of a micro-ornithopter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a turning gear A of a wing processing device of a micro ornithopter according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a slide assembly of a wing tooling device for a micro-ornithopter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a baffle of a device for machining a wing of a micro-ornithopter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a turning gear B of a wing processing device for a micro-ornithopter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a processing station of a wing of a micro ornithopter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a finished flapping wing product produced by a device for producing a wing of a micro flapping-wing aircraft according to the invention;
in the figure:
1-base 2-rotating device A3-sliding device 4-baffle
5-turning device B
101-annular combination 102-rectangular block 103-cylindrical combination
1031-bottom cylindrical end 1032-intermediate threaded section 1031-top-layer fastener
201-scale A202-wing root blade 203-fastening screw
301-scale 302-slider 303-set screw 304-leading edge blade
305-trailing edge blade
401-shutter body 402-fastening screw
501-scale B502-slide block 503-fastening screw 504-wingtip blade
6-to-be-cut airfoil film 6 a-root camber line edge 6 b-tip edge 6 c-trailing edge
6 d-wing front edge turning part 6 e-wing front edge cutting part 6 f-wing root turning part 6 g-wing root cutting part
7-flapping wing finished product 701-complete wing film 702-auxiliary beam 703-adhesive tape
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings:
the invention relates to a processing device for wings of a miniature ornithopter, as shown in figure 1, comprising a 1-base; 2-rotating means a; 3-a sliding device; 4-baffle plates; 5-turning device B.
The processing device of the wing of the miniature ornithopter can be functionally divided into a wing root processing layer, a wing front and rear edge processing layer and a wing tip processing layer. The wing root processing layer consists of a base 1 and a rotating device A2, wherein the rotating device A2 is sleeved into the bottom cylindrical end 1031 of the base 1 through a circular ring at one end and can freely rotate around the bottom cylindrical end 1031; the front and rear edge processing layers of the wings are composed of a sliding device 3 and a baffle 4, and the sliding device and the baffle are fixed above the base through strip grooves of the base; the wingtip processing layer is a rotating device B5, and the rotating device B5 is sleeved into the middle thread section 1032 of the base 1 through a circular ring at one end and can freely rotate around the middle thread section.
The base 1 of the wing root processing layer consists of an annular assembly 101, a rectangular block 102 and a cylindrical assembly 103. For fixing the rotating means A2, the sliding means 3, the shutter 4 and the rotating means B5, and confirming the moving ranges of the rotating means A2 and the sliding means 3. One section of the annular combination body 101 is an arc with a central angle of 90 degrees, the other section is an arc body, the upper surface of the arc marks an angle scale from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, the intersection point of the arc upper surface and the arc body is marked with 90 degrees, and the inner diameter of the arc is more than 1.5 times of the designed span length. The other end of the arc body is fixed with the rectangular block 102 of the base 1, the length of the rectangular block 102 is at least 1.5 times of the span length, and the length scale is marked to the right lower end point of the rectangular block 102 by the zero point of the lower left corner. An elongated chute is designed in the rectangular block 102 for the insertion of the leading edge blade 304 of the slide 3. The upper part of the rectangular groove is provided with an I-shaped chute, so that the sliding device 3 can be connected with the base 101 through an I-shaped boss at one end. The rectangular block 102 has a rectangular groove on both front and rear sides, and the baffle 4 can be inserted into the rectangular groove to slide along the rectangular block of the base 101. The cylinder assembly 103 is composed of a bottom cylinder section 1031, a middle thread section 1032 and a top layer fixing piece 1033, the top layer fixing piece 1033 is located at the left lower side of the rectangular block 102, the circle center of the bottom cylinder section 1031 coincides with the circle center of the circular arc of the annular assembly 101, the upper half part of the bottom cylinder section 1031 is provided with threads, the lower half part of the bottom cylinder section 1031 is provided with a light column, the middle thread section 1032 is connected with the bottom cylinder section 1031 through a lower end threaded hole, a section of smooth cylinder is reserved, the rotating device A2 can freely rotate around the bottom cylinder section 1031, the upper end of the middle thread section 1032 is provided with a combination of threads and the light column, the top layer fixing piece 1033 is connected with the middle thread section 1032 through a lower end threaded hole, a section of smooth cylinder is reserved, and the rotating device B5 can freely rotate around the smooth cylinder of the middle thread section 1032. The rotating device A2 consists of a graduated scale A201, a wing root blade 202 and a fastening screw 203 and is used for processing a wing root cutting position 6g and a wing root turning position 6f on a wing film to be cut. The inner side of the graduated scale A201 is a circular ring which can be sleeved into a cylinder of the cylinder section 1031 at the bottom of the base 1, the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale A201 is carved with graduated marks, the graduated mark range is larger than the maximum chord length of the flapping wing, the upper side of the middle section of the graduated scale A201 is hollow, a 'mouth' is formed, a threaded hole is formed in the protruding end of the outer side of the graduated scale A201, and the fastening screw 203 can be inserted into the threaded hole. The upper half of the wing root blade 202 is a 'back' type slider, which is fixed on the upper half of the graduated scale A201 and can slide along the direction of the ruler body, and the lower half is shaped like a rectangular sheet with two corners of a short side cut off.
The blade front and rear edge processing layer comprises a sliding device 3 and a baffle 4, wherein the sliding device 3 consists of a graduated scale C301, a sliding block 302, a fastening screw 303, a front edge blade 304 and a rear edge blade 305, and is used for processing a blade rear edge 6C and a blade front edge cutting part 6e on a blade film to be cut. The inner side of the graduated scale C301 is an I-shaped boss and can slide along the I-shaped chute of the rectangular block 102 of the base 1, the middle section of the graduated scale C301 is provided with graduated marks, the range is not smaller than the span length of the flapping wings, the starting end of each graduated mark is provided with a front edge blade 304, the cutter point is directed downwards, the sliding block 302 is in an inverse C shape and can slide freely along the middle section of the graduated scale C301, a threaded hole is formed above the sliding block 302 and used for inserting a fastening screw 303, and a rear edge blade 305 is inserted below the sliding block 302 and used for cutting the rear edge 6C of the wing. The shutter body 401 of the shutter 4 is like a "C" and is inserted into grooves on both front and rear sides of the rectangular block 102 of the base 1 and is free to slide along the base 1. A threaded hole is formed above the shutter body 401 for inserting a fastening screw 402 to fix the shutter 4 to the base 1, preventing the length of the blade film cut by the slider 3 from exceeding the design flapping span length.
The rotating device B5 of the wingtip processing layer consists of a graduated scale B501, a sliding block 502, a fastening screw 503 and a wingtip blade 504, and can precisely cut the wingtip edge 6B of the wingfilm to be cut. Scale B501 is sleeved in the middle thread section 1032 of base 1 by an inner ring. Scale marks are carved on the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale B501, the range is larger than the span length of the flapping wings, the sliding block 502 is reversely C-shaped and can freely slide along the middle section of the graduated scale B501, a threaded hole is formed in the upper side of the sliding block 502 and used for inserting a fastening screw 503, the position of the sliding block 502 can be fixed, and the wingtip blade 504 is inserted below the sliding block 502.
As shown in fig. 2, the base 1 is composed of an annular assembly 101, a rectangular block 102, and a cylindrical assembly 103. The annular combination body 101 is a 90-degree arc which is connected with a section of arc body, the upper surface of the arc body marks an angle scale from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, the intersection point of the arc body and the arc body is marked as 90 degrees, and the other end of the arc body is fixedly connected with the rectangular block 102 of the base 1. The rectangular block 102 has a length of at least 1.5 times the span length, with the lower left corner zero marked with a length scale to the lower right end of the rectangular block 102. The underside of the rectangular block 102 is designed with an elongated chute for insertion of the leading edge blade 304 of the slider 3. An I-shaped chute is arranged above the rectangular groove, so that the sliding device 3 can be connected with the base 101. Rectangular grooves are formed on the front side and the rear side of the rectangular block 102, and the baffle 4 can be inserted into the rectangular grooves to slide along the rectangular block of the base 101.
As shown in fig. 3, the cylindrical assembly 103 is comprised of a bottom cylindrical section 1031, a middle threaded section 1032, and a top mount 1033, located on the lower left side of the rectangular block 102. The center of the bottom cylindrical section 1031 coincides with the center of the circular arc of the annular assembly 101, the upper half part of the bottom cylindrical section 1031 is a thread, the lower half part is a light column, the middle thread section 1032 is connected with the bottom cylindrical section 1031 through a lower threaded hole and a section of smooth column is reserved, the upper end of the middle thread section 1032 is a combination of the thread and the light column, and the top layer fixing piece 1033 is connected with the middle thread section 1032 through a lower threaded hole and a section of smooth column is reserved. The base 1 is used for fixing the rotating device A2, the sliding device 3, the baffle 4 and the rotating device B5, and limiting the moving range of the rotating device A2 and the sliding device 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the turning device A2 is composed of a scale a201, a wing root blade 202, and a fastening screw 203. The inner side of the graduated scale A201 is a circular ring which can be sleeved into a cylinder of the cylinder section 1031 at the bottom of the base 1, the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale A201 is carved with graduated marks, the graduated marks are in a range exceeding the maximum chord length of the flapping wings, the upper ruler body of the middle section of the graduated scale A201 is hollow, a 'mouth' is formed, a threaded hole is formed in the protruding part at the outer side of the graduated scale A201, and the fastening screw 203 can be inserted. The upper side of the wing root blade 202 is a 'back' type sliding block, which is fixed on the upper half part of the graduated scale A201 and can slide along the direction of the ruler body, and the lower side is a rectangular sheet with two corners of a short side cut off. The rotating device 2 can realize accurate cutting of the wing root cutting part 6g and the wing root arc line 6 a.
As shown in fig. 5, the slider 3 includes a scale 301, a slider 302, a fastening screw 303, a leading edge blade 304, and a trailing edge blade 305. The inner side of the graduated scale 301 is an I-shaped boss and can slide along the I-shaped chute of the rectangular block 102 of the base 1, the middle section of the graduated scale C301 is provided with graduated marks, the range is not smaller than the span length of the flapping wings, and a front edge blade 304 is fixed below the starting end of the graduation and can be inserted into the rectangular groove of the rectangular block 102 of the base 1. The sliding block 302 is in an inverse 'C' -shape and can freely slide along the middle section of the graduated scale C301, a threaded hole is formed above the sliding block 302 and is used for inserting a fastening screw 303, and the position of the sliding block 302 can be fixed. The trailing edge blade 305 is inserted under the slider 302 for cutting the trailing edge 6c of the airfoil.
As shown in fig. 6, the shutter 4 is composed of a shutter body 401 and a fastening screw 402. The main body 401 of the baffle plate is in a shape of C, and rectangular bulges are arranged at two ends of the main body and can be inserted into rectangular grooves on the front side and the rear side of the rectangular block 102 of the base 1. A threaded hole is formed above the baffle body 401, and a fastening screw 402 can be inserted to fix the baffle body 401 to the base 1, so that the length of the wing film cut by the sliding device 3 is prevented from exceeding the designed wing span length.
As shown in fig. 7, the turning device B5 is constituted by a scale B501, a slider 502, a fastening screw 503, and a wingtip blade 504. Inside the scale B501 is a ring which can be sleeved in the middle thread section 1032 of the base 1. Scale marks are carved on the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale B501, the range is larger than the span length of the flapping wings, the sliding block 502 is reversely C-shaped and can freely slide along the middle section of the graduated scale B501, a threaded hole is formed in the upper side of the sliding block 502 and used for inserting a fastening screw 503, the position of the sliding block 502 can be fixed, and the wingtip blade 504 is inserted below the sliding block 502 and used for cutting the wingtip edge 6B.
As shown in fig. 8, the foil 6 to be cut has 7 relevant line segments or arcs, namely a root arc 6a, a wingtip edge 6b, a wing trailing edge 6c, a wing leading edge fold 6d, a wing leading edge cut 6e, a root fold 6f and a root cut 6g, respectively, in the flapping wing processing process. The edges involved in the vulnerable area are a wing root arc line 6a, a wing tip edge 6b and a wing trailing edge 6c, and no flaws or additional strengthening treatment is ensured during processing. The edge drawn by the dotted line is a workable part of the processing device. The wing root blade 202 of the rotating device A2 can precisely shear the wing root cutting position 6g and the wing root arc line 6a, and the wing root turnover position 6f can be drawn along the graduated scale A201; the wingtip blade 504 of the turning device B5 can precisely shear the wingtip edge 6B; the leading edge blade 304 of the slider 3 can precisely cut the airfoil leading edge trim 6e and the trailing edge blade 305 can precisely cut the airfoil trailing edge 6c; along the inner edge of the rectangular block 102 of the base 1, a wing front edge turnover 6d can be drawn by matching with the baffle 4.
As shown in fig. 9, the flapping-wing finished product 7 is obtained by adding an auxiliary beam 702 and an adhesive tape 703 to a complete wing film 701 processed by a processing device for a wing using a micro flapping-wing aircraft. The complete wing film 701 folds and sticks the wing front edge cutting part 6e along the wing front edge folding part 6d to form a sleeve. The auxiliary beam 702 can increase the stiffness of the flapping wing and can effectively improve the lifting force of the flapping wing. The adhesive tape 703 is used to reinforce the root camber line 6a and to secure the flapping wing root when assembled in a micro flapping-wing aircraft.
A process for manufacturing a flapping wing by using a processing device of a wing of a miniature flapping wing aircraft comprises the following steps:
1. the to-be-cut wing film 6 is fixed on a horizontal smooth platform through an adhesive tape, the required wing film shape is depicted by a pen, and a processing device is arranged on the to-be-cut wing film 6, so that the processing area of the processing device is ensured to cover the part of the wing film to be processed.
2. Adjusting initial positions of the rotating device A2, the sliding device 3, the baffle 4 and the rotating device B5; rotating the rotating device A2 to the same angle as the wing root position of the flapping wing design, adjusting the position of the wing root blade 202 of the rotating device A2 until the wing root is close to the rear edge end, and then fixing by using a fastening screw 203; the sliding device 3 slides along the H-shaped chute of the base 1 to the end point close to the cylindrical combination body 103, the baffle 4 is fixed on the base 1 through the fastening screw 402, and the left side surface of the baffle main body 401 is flush with scale marks corresponding to the spreading length of the flapping wing design on the rectangular block 102; rotating the rotating means B5 to the horizontal, adjusting the slide 502 of the rotating means B5 to align the wingtip blade 504 with the wingtip position of the flapping wing design, and then fixing with the fastening screw 503.
3. And processing the wing root cutting part 6g and the wing root arc line 6a, sliding the wing root blade 202 along the graduated scale A201 from the wing root near the front edge end to the wing root near the rear edge end, loosening the fastening screw 203 of the rotating device A2, rotating the rotating device A to the root point of the wing film front edge along the wing root near the front edge end, and completing the cutting of the wing root arc line 6 a.
4. The front edge cutting part 6e and the rear edge 6C of the wing are processed, the sliding block 302 of the sliding device 3 is fixed on the scale C301 through the fastening screw 303 to form scale scales corresponding to the chord length of the flapping wing design, the sliding device 3 is moved along the rectangular block 102 of the base 1 until the front edge blade 304 contacts the baffle plate 4, and the front edge blade 304 and the rear edge blade 305 respectively cut the front edge cutting part 6e and the rear edge 6C of the wing.
5. The wingtip edge 6B is processed, and the rotating device B5 is rotated from the initial position until the track of the wingtip blade 504 intersects with the track of the trailing edge blade 305, so that the wingtip edge 6B is cut.
6. And taking out the wing film below the processing device to obtain the complete wing film 701 required for manufacturing the flapping wing. Carbon rods with equal length are cut out according to the design length of the auxiliary beam, and glue is used for adhering to the corresponding position of the complete wing membrane 701 to serve as the auxiliary beam 702. The end points of the auxiliary beams 702 at the positions of the wing root arcs 6a are reinforced by the adhesive tape 703, so that damage caused by flaws at the positions of the complete wing film 701 is avoided.
7. Glue is applied to the wing leading edge trim 6e, the folded over portion 6d along the drawn leading edge is adhered to form a "sleeve", and then the tape 703 is adhered to the wing root trim 6g. Thus, one flapping wing finished product 7 is manufactured. Repeating the above operation to obtain a pair of complete flapping wings, which can be directly installed on a miniature flapping wing aircraft.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a processingequipment of miniature flapping wing aircraft's wing, includes can divide into wing root processing layer, wing leading and trailing edge processing layer and wing tip processing layer in the function, its characterized in that:
the wing root processing layer is composed of a base and a rotating device A and is used for processing the edge of the root of the flapping wing; the wing root processing layer base consists of an annular assembly, a rectangular block and a cylindrical assembly; one section of the annular assembly is an arc with a central angle of 90 degrees, the other section of the annular assembly is an arc body, and the annular assembly is fixedly connected with the rectangular block at one end of the arc body; the front of the rectangular block is provided with an I-shaped chute, the lower side of the rectangular block is provided with an elongated chute, the lower side of the elongated chute is provided with scale marks, and the front side and the rear side of the rectangular block are respectively provided with a groove; the cylindrical assembly consists of a bottom cylindrical section, a middle threaded section and a top layer fixing piece, the bottom cylindrical section is positioned at the left lower side of the rectangular block, the circle center of the bottom cylindrical section coincides with the circle center of the circular arc of the annular assembly, the upper half part of the bottom cylindrical section is carved with threads, the lower half part of the bottom cylindrical section is a light column, the middle threaded section is connected with the bottom cylindrical section through a lower threaded hole, the upper end of the middle threaded section is a combination of threads and the light column, and the top layer fixing piece is connected with the middle threaded section through a lower threaded hole and is provided with a section of smooth cylinder; the wing root processing layer is characterized in that the rotating device A consists of a graduated scale A, a wing root blade and a fastening screw and is used for precisely cutting the wing root edge on a wing film to be cut; the inner side of the graduated scale A is a circular ring which can be sleeved in the bottom cylindrical section of the base, so that the rotating device A can freely rotate around the bottom cylindrical section, scale marks are carved on the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale A, the upper side of the middle section of the graduated scale A is hollow, a 'mouth' is formed, a threaded hole is formed in the protruding end of the outer side of the graduated scale, and after a fastening screw is inserted into the threaded hole, the graduated scale A is fixed at the designed wing root position; the upper half part of the wing root blade is a 'back' type sliding block, is fixed on the upper half part of the graduated scale A, can slide along the direction of the ruler body, and the lower half part is shaped like a rectangular piece with two angles of a short side cut off, and the movement direction is consistent with the direction of a cutting edge, so that the cutting of the wing root edge of a wing film to be cut can be realized;
the wingtip machining layer is a rotating device B and is used for machining the edge of the wingtip; the wingtip processing layer rotating device B consists of a graduated scale B, a sliding block, a wingtip blade and a fastening screw, and can precisely cut the wingtip edge of the wingfilm to be cut; the inner side of the graduated scale B is a circular ring which can be sleeved in the middle thread section of the base, so that the rotating device B can rotate downwards around the middle thread section from a position parallel to the rectangular block of the base to a vertical rectangular block;
the wing front and rear edge processing layer consists of a sliding device and a baffle plate and is used for processing the front and rear edges of the flapping wing, and the wing front and rear edge processing layer sliding device consists of a graduated scale C, a sliding block, a front edge blade, a rear edge blade and a fastening screw, so that the front edge and the rear edge of the wing film to be cut can be accurately cut; the inner side of the graduated scale C is an I-shaped boss which can slide along the I-shaped chute of the base.
2. A device for machining a wing of a micro-ornithopter as claimed in claim 1,
the scale B is characterized in that scale marks are engraved on the lower side of the middle section of the scale B, the sliding block is reversely C-shaped and can freely slide along the middle section of the scale B, a threaded hole is formed in the upper portion of the sliding block and used for inserting a fastening screw, the fastening screw is locked downwards and can fix the position of the sliding block, and the wingtip blade is inserted below the sliding block and used for cutting wingtip parts of wingfilms.
3. A device for machining a wing of a micro-ornithopter as claimed in claim 1,
the middle section of the graduated scale C is provided with a scale mark, the starting end of the scale mark is provided with a front edge blade, the blade is directed downwards by the graduated scale, the sliding block is reversely C-shaped and can freely slide along the middle section of the graduated scale C, a threaded hole is formed above the sliding block and used for inserting a fastening screw, the fastening screw is locked downwards and can fix the position of the sliding block, and the rear edge blade is inserted below the sliding block and used for cutting the rear edge of the wing film; the baffle is similar to a C shape, is inserted into grooves on the front side and the rear side of the rectangular block of the base and can freely slide along the grooves on the two sides of the base, a threaded hole is formed in the upper portion of the baffle and is used for inserting a fastening screw, the fastening screw is locked downwards, the baffle can be fixed on the base, and the length of a cutting wing film of the sliding device is prevented from exceeding the design flapping span length.
4. A device for processing the wings of a micro-ornithopter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale a is carved with graduated marks, and the graduated marks range is more than the maximum chord length of the ornithopter; the middle section of the graduated scale C is a scale mark, and the scale mark range is not less than the span length of the flapping wing; scale marks are carved on the lower side of the middle section of the graduated scale B, and the scale mark range is larger than the span length of the flapping wing.
5. A device for processing the wings of a micro-ornithopter according to claim 1, wherein the ornithopter film material processed by the processing device comprises PI, PET, cloth, etc.
6. A method for manufacturing a wing by using the device for manufacturing a wing of a micro-ornithopter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
(1) Fixing a wing film material on a horizontal smooth platform in a flat and unbroken manner through an adhesive tape, drawing the shape of a required wing film on the wing film material by using a pen, and placing a processing device on the wing film material to ensure that a processing area of the processing device covers a part of the wing film to be processed;
(2) The initial positions of the rotating device A, the sliding device, the baffle and the rotating device B are adjusted; rotating the rotating device A to the same angle as the wing root of the flapping wing, adjusting the sliding block of the rotating device A until the wing root is close to the rear edge end, and then fixing by using a fastening screw; the sliding device slides to an end point of the cylindrical assembly, close to the base, of the chute along the I-shaped chute of the base, the baffle is fixed to the base through a fastening screw, and the left side surface of the baffle is flush with scale marks corresponding to the design length of the flapping wings on the rectangular block of the base; rotating the rotating device B to be horizontal, adjusting a sliding block of the rotating device B to enable a wingtip blade to be aligned with a wingtip position of the flapping wing design, and then fixing the wingtip blade by using a fastening screw;
(3) Processing the edge of the wing root, sliding the wing root blade along the graduated scale A from the end, close to the front edge, of the wing root to the end, close to the rear edge, of the wing root, loosening a fastening screw of the rotating device A, rotating the rotating device A to the root point, close to the front edge, of the wing film along the wing root, and finishing the edge cutting of the wing root;
(4) Processing the front edge and the rear edge of the wing, fixing a sliding block of the sliding device on a scale C through a fastening screw to scale marks corresponding to the design chord length of the flapping wing, sliding the sliding device along the rectangular base block until the front edge blade contacts the baffle, and respectively cutting the front edge and the rear edge of the wing film by the front edge blade and the rear edge blade;
(5) Processing the wingtip edge, and rotating the rotating device B from an initial position until the wingtip blade track intersects with the trailing edge blade track to finish the cutting of the wingtip edge;
(6) Taking out the wing film below the device to obtain a complete wing film required by manufacturing the flapping wing; cutting out equal-length carbon rods according to the lengths of the auxiliary beams, and adhering the carbon rods to the corresponding positions of the wing films by using glue; the auxiliary Liang Duandian at the arc line of the wing root is reinforced by the adhesive tape, so that damage caused by flaws at the wing film is avoided;
(7) Glue is coated at the cutting position of the front edge of the wing, the edge is folded and stuck along the line segment drawn by the front edge of the wing film to form a sleeve, and then the adhesive tape is stuck at the cutting position of the wing root; thus, the whole flapping wing is manufactured, and the operation is repeated to obtain a pair of whole flapping wings.
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| WO2019195153A1 (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-10-10 | Aero Design Labs, Inc. | Elliptical wing tip and method of fabricating same |
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| GB190605033A (en) * | 1906-03-01 | 1907-03-01 | Sidney Herbert Donaldson | Improvements in Mechanical Drawing Apparatus. |
| CN106184744A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of manufacture method of the bionical Insect wings of light-high-strength |
| CN107554781A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-01-09 | 北京理工大学 | It is a kind of to cut with scissors the wing and preparation method for the miniature elasticity for flutterring rotor craft |
| CN112008794A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-01 | 宿迁奥伯尔航空科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle processing cuts mechanism with raw materials |
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