CN114536583A - Thermoplastic resin high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulating method capable of sufficiently removing oxygen - Google Patents

Thermoplastic resin high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulating method capable of sufficiently removing oxygen Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114536583A
CN114536583A CN202210050567.4A CN202210050567A CN114536583A CN 114536583 A CN114536583 A CN 114536583A CN 202210050567 A CN202210050567 A CN 202210050567A CN 114536583 A CN114536583 A CN 114536583A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
extrusion molding
hopper
nitrogen gas
nitrogen
granulation
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CN202210050567.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴力立
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Advanced Engineering Technology Institute Of Zhongshan City And Wuhan University Of Technology
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Advanced Engineering Technology Institute Of Zhongshan City And Wuhan University Of Technology
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Priority to CN202210050567.4A priority Critical patent/CN114536583A/en
Publication of CN114536583A publication Critical patent/CN114536583A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/02Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/14Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulation of a thermoplastic resin with sufficient oxygen removal. The method has the advantages that materials and the inner space of the extrusion equipment are deoxidized, and the air inlet channel is blocked in a nitrogen curtain mode, so that the resin is in a completely oxygen-free environment in the high-temperature melting extrusion process, and the aging caused by the reaction of resin molecules and oxygen molecules in a high-temperature melting state is avoided. The method is suitable for extrusion molding and granulation of various high-temperature oxidizable thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and the like, and is particularly suitable for recycling, regenerating and granulating various thermoplastic resins. Compared with the particles obtained by the common method, the whiteness or transparency of the resin particles obtained by the extrusion granulation method is obviously improved, and the mechanical property of an extrusion molding sample is also improved to a certain extent.

Description

Thermoplastic resin high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulating method capable of sufficiently removing oxygen
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thermoplastic resin high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulation method capable of fully deoxidizing, belonging to the technical field of processing and molding of high polymer materials, in particular to the technical field of resin high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulation.
Background
Extrusion molding is a method of forcing a heated and melted polymer material to pass through a die of a machine head under the pushing of pressure by means of the extrusion action of a screw or a plunger. The method is an important method commonly used for processing high polymer materials, is one of main forms of plastic material processing, and is suitable for most plastic materials. At present, about 50% of thermoplastic plastic products are formed by extrusion molding, and the extrusion molding can also be used for granulation, mixing, coloring, blending modification and the like.
The plastic extrusion process can be divided into two stages: the first stage is to plasticize the resin (i.e. melt at high temperature to become a viscous fluid) and pass it through a specially shaped die under pressure to become a continuous body with a cross section similar to the shape of the die; the second stage is to use a suitable method to make the extruded continuous body lose the plastic state and become solid, i.e. obtain the required product. The first stage of resin plasticizing process is completed mainly in the core part of screw extruder, i.e. extrusion system, which consists of screw and material barrel.
Common extrusion molding and granulation processes do not have sufficient oxygen removal treatment, and air in gaps of raw material particles, a cylinder vent agent and other passages provide possibility for contact between resin and oxygen. The resin is subjected to a high-temperature plasticizing process during the extrusion molding process, and various thermoplastic resins are in contact with oxygen at high temperature and can undergo a thermooxidative aging reaction, resulting in performance degradation. For example, in the processing and using process of polypropylene, macromolecule alkyl free radicals can be formed due to the homolytic cracking of carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds under the action of mechanical stress and heat, free radicals can be formed due to the direct action of macromolecules and oxygen, and the formed free radicals can react with oxygen in the presence of oxygen to generate hydroperoxide, so that the thermal-oxidative aging process is accelerated. Along with the thermal-oxidative aging of PP, molecular chains of polymers are broken, and the relative molecular mass of polymers is reduced, thereby causing a series of reduction of mechanical properties (see Changxin, Zhengronghua, Chuipeng. the thermal-oxidative aging of polypropylene and influencing factors thereof [ J ], academic report of Zhejiang industry university, 2002, 30(5), 475-.
Antioxidants such as hindered phenol, aromatic secondary amine and hindered amine are added (Zhou outline, Shi Piao Cheng. plastics aging and anti-aging technology [ M ]. Beijing: China light industry Press, 1998.) to prevent the polymer resin from thermal oxidation during extrusion molding and granulation to a certain extent and to prevent the performance from being reduced. However, many antioxidants are biologically toxic, and the addition of antioxidants can reduce the environmentally friendly evaluation of plastic products, while the addition of some commonly used classes of antioxidants can lead to yellowing of resin particles or plastic products (Wangzhi. Polymer antioxidant technology Advance [ J ], modern plastic processing applications, 2005,17(3), 55-58).
It is noted that, today, antioxidants are increasingly specialized, and the choice of antioxidant depends on the composition of the resin. In the field of thermoplastic plastics recycling, operators have difficulty in thoroughly knowing the composition of recycled raw materials, and the selection and the use of antioxidants are often inappropriate, which is one of the main reasons that the properties of recycled plastic particles are difficult to control.
The analysis of the high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulation processes of the thermoplastic resin can fully remove oxygen in the technological process, and the contact between the high-temperature melt of the resin and oxygen molecules is avoided, so that the antioxidant can be used or even not used, the side effect caused by the addition of the antioxidant is reduced, and the method has important significance for improving the quality and the stability of the recycled plastic materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulation of a thermoplastic resin with sufficient oxygen removal.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A high-temp fusion extruding out method for preparing the thermoplastic resin with sufficient oxygen removed includes such steps as adding the raw thermoplastic resin to the special hopper of screw extruder, closing the hopper, stirring while vacuumizing and filling nitrogen gas to remove oxygen. The operation flow of vacuumizing and nitrogen filling is repeated for 1-3 times until the oxygen in the hopper and in the gaps of the resin materials is completely removed.
(2) And opening nitrogen gas paths arranged at the communicated positions between the interior of the machine barrels such as the air exhaust holes of the screw machine barrel and the die opening of the machine head and the outside, so that nitrogen gas flow forms a nitrogen gas curtain covering the air exhaust holes and the die opening at the flow speed of 0.1-9 meters per second.
(3) The cylinder was purged with nitrogen to discharge oxygen from the inside of the cylinder.
(4) Opening a hopper blanking valve, opening a main machine of the screw extruder, setting a proper process according to the type of the thermoplastic resin, and carrying out melt extrusion molding and granulation. In the extrusion molding and granulation processes, nitrogen is kept to be introduced into the hopper for pressurization, and the exhaust holes and the die opening are kept covered by a nitrogen gas curtain.
The thermoplastic resin in step (1) of the present invention is, but not limited to, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, etc.
The hopper specially made in the step (1) of the invention has the following characteristics: the stirring device is arranged, so that materials in the hopper can be properly stirred; the hopper has good tightness when being in a closed state, and is provided with a pipeline for vacuumizing and introducing nitrogen.
The nitrogen gas curtain in the step (2) continuously sends nitrogen gas with a certain flow rate through a preset nitrogen pipeline nozzle, forms nitrogen gas cover on the exhaust hole and the outer part of the die orifice, and cuts off a channel for air to diffuse into the machine barrel.
The invention has the advantages of
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the oxygen is fully removed, the oxygen molecules are prevented from contacting with the resin melt in a high-temperature melting zone, the thermal oxidation effect in the resin melting and extruding process is obviously reduced, and the performance of a formed product or granulated resin is improved.
2) By adopting the technical process, the antioxidant can be used less or even not used in the extrusion process, and the series side effects caused by using the antioxidant are avoided.
3) The technical process is particularly suitable for the anti-oxidation treatment in the regeneration extrusion process of recycled plastics with undefined components, and can obviously improve the quality of regenerated resin particles.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described below; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
step 1: adding the polypropylene resin powder and the related auxiliary agents into a specially-made hopper of a screw extruder, wherein the using amount of the antioxidant is reduced by half, closing the hopper, and vacuumizing and filling nitrogen into the hopper under the stirring condition to remove oxygen. The operation flow of vacuumizing and nitrogen filling is repeated for 2 times until the oxygen in the hopper and in the gaps of the resin materials is completely removed.
Step 2: and opening nitrogen gas circuits arranged at the positions where the insides of the machine barrels, such as the air vent of the machine barrel of the screw rod, the die opening of the machine head and the like, are communicated with the outside, so that nitrogen gas flow forms a nitrogen gas curtain covering the air vent and the die opening at the flow speed of 3 meters per second.
And 3, step 3: the cylinder was purged with nitrogen to discharge oxygen from the inside of the cylinder.
And 4, step 4: opening a hopper blanking valve, opening a main machine of the screw extruder, setting a proper process according to the process parameters required by the corresponding grade of the used polypropylene resin, and performing melt extrusion granulation. In the extrusion granulation process, nitrogen is kept to be introduced into the hopper for pressurization, and the nitrogen gas curtain covering of the vent hole and the die opening is kept.
The polypropylene resin particles obtained by granulation have no yellowing phenomenon and high glossiness.
Example 2:
step 1: adding the polypropylene resin powder and the related auxiliary agent into a specially-made hopper of a screw extruder, wherein the related auxiliary agent does not contain an antioxidant, closing the hopper, and vacuumizing and filling nitrogen into the hopper under the stirring condition to remove oxygen. The operation flow of vacuumizing and nitrogen filling is repeated for 3 times until the oxygen in the hopper and in the gaps of the resin materials is completely removed.
Step 2: and opening nitrogen gas paths arranged at the positions where the insides of the machine barrels, such as the exhaust holes of the machine barrel of the screw rod, the die opening of the machine head and the like, are communicated with the outside, so that nitrogen gas flow forms a nitrogen gas curtain covering the exhaust holes and the die opening at the flow speed of 6 meters per second.
And step 3: the cylinder was purged with nitrogen to discharge oxygen from the inside of the cylinder.
And 4, step 4: and opening a hopper blanking valve, opening a main machine of the screw extruder, setting a proper process according to the process parameters required by the corresponding grade of the used polypropylene resin, and melting and extruding the sheet with the thickness of 4mm and the width of 50 mm. In the extrusion molding process, nitrogen is kept to be introduced into the hopper for pressurization, and the exhaust holes and the die opening are kept covered by a nitrogen gas curtain.
Preparing a mechanical property test standard sample from the sheet obtained by molding, testing the tensile strength according to GB/T1040-. The detection result shows that on the premise of not adopting an antioxidant, the sheet prepared by the process has no obvious change in tensile strength and impact strength compared with the sheet prepared by the existing antioxidant-added forming process.
Example 3:
step 1: adding the recovered polypropylene flake raw material into a specially-made hopper of a screw extruder, closing the hopper without adding auxiliaries such as an antioxidant and the like, and vacuumizing and filling nitrogen into the hopper under the stirring condition to remove oxygen. The operation flow of vacuumizing and nitrogen filling is repeated for 3 times until the oxygen in the hopper and in the gaps of the resin materials is completely removed.
Step 2: and opening nitrogen gas paths arranged at the positions where the insides of the machine barrels, such as the exhaust holes of the machine barrel of the screw rod, the die opening of the machine head and the like, are communicated with the outside, so that nitrogen gas flow forms a nitrogen gas curtain covering the exhaust holes and the die opening at the flow speed of 6 meters per second.
And step 3: the cylinder was purged with nitrogen to discharge oxygen from the inside of the cylinder.
And 4, step 4: and opening a hopper blanking valve, opening a main machine of the screw extruder, setting and adjusting a proper granulation process according to the common process parameters of the polypropylene, and performing melt extrusion granulation. In the extrusion granulation process, nitrogen is kept to be introduced into the hopper for pressurization, and the nitrogen gas curtain covering of the vent hole and the die opening is kept.
The regenerated polypropylene resin particles obtained by granulation have no yellowing and high transparency.
Example 4:
step 1: adding the recovered Polyester (PET) sheet raw material and related auxiliary agents into a specially-made hopper of a screw extruder, wherein the related auxiliary agents do not contain an antioxidant, closing the hopper, and performing operations of vacuumizing and filling dry nitrogen on the hopper under the stirring condition to remove oxygen. The operation flow of vacuumizing and charging dry nitrogen is repeated for 3 times until the oxygen in the hopper and in the gaps of the resin materials is completely removed.
Step 2: and opening nitrogen gas paths arranged at the positions where the insides of the machine barrels such as the exhaust hole of the screw machine barrel and the die opening of the machine head are communicated with the outside, so that the dry nitrogen gas flow forms a nitrogen gas curtain covering the exhaust hole and the die opening at the flow speed of 6 meters per second.
And step 3: the cylinder was charged with dry nitrogen gas, and the oxygen and moisture inside the cylinder were purged.
And 4, step 4: and opening a hopper blanking valve, opening a main machine of the screw extruder, setting and adjusting a proper granulation process according to the common process parameters of PET, and performing melt extrusion granulation. In the extrusion granulation process, dry nitrogen is introduced into the hopper to pressurize, and the exhaust holes and the die are covered by a nitrogen gas curtain.
The Polyester (PET) granules obtained by granulation have no yellowing phenomenon and high glossiness.
Example 5:
step 1: adding the recovered polypropylene flake raw material into a specially-made hopper of a screw extruder, closing the hopper without adding auxiliaries such as an antioxidant and the like, and vacuumizing and filling nitrogen into the hopper under the stirring condition to remove oxygen. The operation flow of vacuumizing and nitrogen filling is repeated for 3 times until the oxygen in the hopper and in the gaps of the resin materials is completely removed.
Step 2: and opening nitrogen gas paths arranged at the positions where the insides of the machine barrels, such as the exhaust holes of the machine barrel of the screw rod, the die opening of the machine head and the like, are communicated with the outside, so that nitrogen gas flow forms a nitrogen gas curtain covering the exhaust holes and the die opening at the flow speed of 6 meters per second.
And step 3: the cylinder was purged with nitrogen to discharge oxygen from the inside of the cylinder.
And 4, step 4: and opening a hopper blanking valve, opening a main machine of the screw extruder, setting and adjusting a proper forming process according to the common process parameters of the polypropylene, and performing melt extrusion on the regenerated sheet with the thickness of 4mm and the width of 50 mm. In the extrusion molding process, nitrogen is kept to be introduced into the hopper for pressurization, and the exhaust holes and the die opening are kept covered by a nitrogen gas curtain.
Preparing a mechanical property test standard sample from the sheet obtained by molding, testing the tensile strength according to GB/T1040-. The detection result shows that compared with the regenerated sheet prepared by the reference forming process (except that the full oxygen removal process is not adopted, other factors such as raw materials, extrusion process parameters and the like are completely consistent), the tensile strength of the regenerated sheet prepared by forming by adopting the full oxygen removal method is improved by 30%, and the impact strength is improved by 25%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulation method of thermoplastic resin with sufficient oxygen removal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adding a thermoplastic resin raw material into a hopper of a screw extruder, closing the hopper, performing operations of vacuumizing and filling nitrogen on the hopper under the stirring condition, removing oxygen, and repeating the operation processes of vacuumizing and filling nitrogen for 1-3 times until the oxygen in the hopper and in gaps of the resin material is completely removed.
2) Opening nitrogen gas paths arranged at the exhaust holes of the screw machine barrel, the die opening of the machine head and the position where the interior of the machine barrel is communicated with the outside, so that nitrogen gas flow forms a nitrogen gas curtain covering the exhaust holes and the die opening at the flow speed of 0.1-9 meters per second;
3) the cylinder was purged with nitrogen to discharge oxygen from the inside of the cylinder.
4) And opening a hopper discharging valve, opening a main machine of the screw extruder, performing melt extrusion molding and granulation, keeping the hopper filled with nitrogen for pressurization, and keeping the exhaust holes and the die orifice covered by a nitrogen gas curtain in the extrusion molding and granulation processes.
2. The method for high-temperature melt extrusion molding and pelletizing of the thermoplastic resin with sufficient oxygen removal capability according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the thermoplastic resin includes, but is not limited to, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane.
3. The method for high-temperature melt extrusion molding and pelletizing of the thermoplastic resin with sufficient oxygen removal capability according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the nitrogen gas curtain in the step 2) is formed by continuously sending nitrogen gas with a certain flow speed through a preset nitrogen pipeline nozzle, forming nitrogen gas coverage on the exhaust hole and the outside of the die orifice and cutting off a channel for air to diffuse into the machine barrel.
CN202210050567.4A 2022-01-17 2022-01-17 Thermoplastic resin high-temperature melt extrusion molding and granulating method capable of sufficiently removing oxygen Pending CN114536583A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101208187A (en) * 2005-06-27 2008-06-25 高级弹性体***两合公司 Process for preparing thermoplastic elastomers by dynamic vulcanization
CN102781640A (en) * 2011-02-09 2012-11-14 三菱工程塑料株式会社 Process for production of polycarbonate resin pellets
US20130065053A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2013-03-14 Wpc Corporation Method for producing composite pellet for extrusion molding, and composite pellet for extrusion molding produced by the method
US20130147085A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company One step production of polyvinyl chloride
CN104057554A (en) * 2007-08-21 2014-09-24 株式会社日本触媒 Process for production of acrylic resin pellet, and process for production of film
CN109337206A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-02-15 安庆市泽烨新材料技术推广服务有限公司 Reinforced polypropylene compound material and preparation method thereof
CN113527845A (en) * 2021-07-06 2021-10-22 漯河医学高等专科学校 Full-biodegradable plastic component for laser welding

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101208187A (en) * 2005-06-27 2008-06-25 高级弹性体***两合公司 Process for preparing thermoplastic elastomers by dynamic vulcanization
CN104057554A (en) * 2007-08-21 2014-09-24 株式会社日本触媒 Process for production of acrylic resin pellet, and process for production of film
US20130065053A1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2013-03-14 Wpc Corporation Method for producing composite pellet for extrusion molding, and composite pellet for extrusion molding produced by the method
CN102781640A (en) * 2011-02-09 2012-11-14 三菱工程塑料株式会社 Process for production of polycarbonate resin pellets
US20130147085A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company One step production of polyvinyl chloride
CN109337206A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-02-15 安庆市泽烨新材料技术推广服务有限公司 Reinforced polypropylene compound material and preparation method thereof
CN113527845A (en) * 2021-07-06 2021-10-22 漯河医学高等专科学校 Full-biodegradable plastic component for laser welding

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