CN114535761A - Control method and instrument for intelligently controlling gas consumption of welding seal cavity - Google Patents
Control method and instrument for intelligently controlling gas consumption of welding seal cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114535761A CN114535761A CN202210388632.4A CN202210388632A CN114535761A CN 114535761 A CN114535761 A CN 114535761A CN 202210388632 A CN202210388632 A CN 202210388632A CN 114535761 A CN114535761 A CN 114535761A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
- B23K9/325—Devices for supplying or evacuating shielding gas
- B23K9/326—Purge gas rings, i.e. devices for supplying or evacuating shielding gas inside of hollow or tubular articles, e.g. pipes, vessels
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding seal cavity, which comprises the following steps: receiving a welding or gas saving equipment starting signal; controlling the proportional valve to provide advanced air supply, and adopting a large-flow air supply mode according to the size of the workpiece and the size of the sealing cavity to ensure the efficiency; after the welding equipment starts welding, the proportional valve is controlled to supply air at a small flow rate, and meanwhile, no air enters a welding seam area; after welding is finished, controlling the proportional valve to enter a hysteresis gas stopping program, wherein the hysteresis gas stopping flow adopts gas flow suitable for the process, and the gas flow is controlled according to the heat dissipation requirement and the production beat; and after the lag air stopping time is finished, closing the proportional valve and finishing the air supply process. The invention reduces the working strength of welding workers, and does not need to be worried about whether gas exists or not and how much gas exists; on the premise of ensuring the welding quality, the consumption of gas is more effectively reduced; the influence of gas on welding can be judged in advance, and the occurrence of poor welding is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a control method and an instrument for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding sealing cavity.
Background
Background art:
stainless steel, titanium alloy and other materials have high requirements on the quality of the welding seam when being welded by TIG welding, plasma welding or laser welding.
Because the stainless steel and the titanium alloy have large chemical activity and special physical properties:
in particular titanium alloys:
the chemically active titanium and titanium alloy are easily contaminated by air, moisture, grease, scale and the like not only in a molten state but also in a solid state at a high temperature of 400 ℃ or higher, absorb elements such as O2, N2, H2 and C, reduce the plasticity and impact toughness of a welded joint, and easily cause blowholes. Therefore, the welding pool, the welding seam and the heat affected zone with the temperature exceeding 400 ℃ are all protected properly when welding.
Compared with other metals, the titanium and the titanium alloy have the characteristics of high melting point, small heat capacity and small heat conductivity, so that a welded joint is easy to generate an overheated structure, crystal grains become coarse, particularly the beta titanium alloy is easy to cause plasticity reduction, and the phenomena of overheating prevention and hardening prevention are required when welding parameters are selected. Since the hardening phenomenon can be improved by heat treatment, but the grains are coarse but difficult to be refined, the hardness parameter should be selected to prevent the grains from being coarse.
And thirdly, hydrogen which is dissolved in titanium and has a large cold cracking tendency is eutectoid transformed with titanium at 320 ℃, TiH2 is separated out, the metal plasticity and impact toughness are reduced, meanwhile, the volume expansion is generated, large stress is caused, and cold cracks are generated in severe cases.
The gas that easily generates the pores and generates the pores is hydrogen. Since the solubility of hydrogen in titanium decreases with an increase in temperature, a high heating temperature is applied along the vicinity of the weld line during welding, and hydrogen is precipitated, so that pores are often formed in the vicinity of the weld line.
The elastic modulus of titanium with large deformation is about half smaller than that of steel, so that welding residual deformation is large, and correction of deformation after welding is difficult.
Secondly, stainless steel:
the stainless steel welding with high requirements adopts TIG welding or plasma welding or laser welding, and after welding, the color (the oxidation degree of the surface of the welding seam) of the front surface and the back surface of the welding seam is required to be very high besides the welding seam has no welding defects.
Welding and cutting of stainless steel structures are inevitable in stainless steel applications. Due to the inherent characteristics of stainless steel, stainless steel has the particularity of being welded and cut as compared to plain carbon steel, and is more prone to various defects in its welded joint and its Heat Affected Zone (HAZ).
Special attention is paid to the physical properties of stainless steel when welding.
For example, austenitic stainless steels have a coefficient of thermal expansion 1.5 times that of low carbon steels and high chromium stainless steels; a thermal conductivity of about 1/3 for mild steel and 1/2 for high chromium stainless steel; the specific resistance is 4 times or more that of low-carbon steel, and the high-chromium stainless steel is 3 times that of low-carbon steel. These conditions, together with the conditions of metal density, surface tension, magnetism, etc., all affect the welding conditions.
The martensitic stainless steel is generally represented by 13% Cr steel. When welding, a-r (M) transformation occurs in a region heated to a transformation point or higher in a heat affected zone, and thus there are problems of low-temperature brittleness, deterioration of low-temperature toughness, and reduction of ductility associated with hardening. Therefore, the general martensitic stainless steel needs to be preheated when welding, but the r-type welding material with low carbon and nitrogen content does not need to be preheated when welding. The texture of the weld heat affected zone is generally hard and brittle. For this problem, the toughness and ductility can be recovered by performing a post-weld heat treatment. In addition, the grade with low carbon and nitrogen contents also has certain toughness in a welding state.
The ferritic stainless steel is represented by 18% Cr steel. The welding performance is good under the condition of low carbon content, and the welding crack sensitivity is low. However, since the weld heat affected zone heated to 900 ℃ or higher has significantly coarsened crystal grains, ductility and toughness are poor at room temperature, and low-temperature cracking is likely to occur. That is, ferrite type stainless steel generally has 475 ℃ embrittlement, 700-
Sigma-phase brittleness, embrittlement caused by coarsening of inclusions and grains, low-temperature embrittlement, corrosion resistance reduction caused by precipitation of carbides, delayed cracking easily caused in high alloy steel, and the like occur under long-term heating at 800 ℃. The pre-weld and post-weld heat treatments should generally be performed at the time of welding, and welding should be performed in a temperature range having good toughness.
Austenitic stainless steel is represented by 18% Cr-8% Ni steel. In principle, pre-weld and post-weld heat treatments are not necessary. Generally has good welding performance. However, high-alloy stainless steel containing high amounts of nickel and molybdenum is susceptible to high-temperature cracking during welding. Also, sigma-phase embrittlement easily occurs, and ferrite generated by the ferrite-generating element causes low-temperature embrittlement, a decrease in corrosion resistance, stress corrosion cracking, and other defects. After welding, the mechanical properties of the welded joint are generally good, but when chromium carbide exists on the grain boundary in the heat affected zone, a chromium poor layer is easily generated, and the chromium poor layer and the occurrence of the chromium poor layer are easy to generate intergranular corrosion in the using process. In order to avoid the problems, a low-carbon (C is less than or equal to 0.03%) grade or a grade added with titanium and niobium is adopted. To prevent high temperature cracking of the weld metal, it is generally considered to be effective to control δ ferrite in austenite. It is generally recommended to contain more than 5% of delta ferrite at room temperature. For steel with corrosion resistance as the main application, low-carbon and stable steel grades are selected and subjected to appropriate postweld heat treatment; while steels that are primarily intended for structural strength should not be subjected to post-weld heat treatment to prevent deformation and embrittlement due to precipitation of carbides and delta phases.
By combining the characteristics of the materials, the prior art adopts high-purity argon gas for welding protection, and simultaneously, the gas flow rate adopts a constant flow rate mode.
In order to improve the welding quality of stainless steel and titanium alloy products, the prior art has the following characteristics:
1. in the occasion with not very high requirement on welding quality, adopting pure argon with the same height to protect the welding seam on the front side and the back side of the welding seam: on the front side, high-purity argon gas is introduced into the welding gun to ensure that an electric arc action area is not entered by air, and in a high-temperature area outside the electric arc area, the tail cover is used for introducing the high-purity argon gas for back gas protection; the back surface is protected by introducing high-purity argon according to the structural form of a welding workpiece, so that the welding process is always in a good welding environment, and the welding quality is ensured;
2. in the occasion that the requirement on welding quality is high, a sealed cavity needs to be established, a welding product is placed in the sealed cavity, the sealed cavity is vacuumized or filled with high-purity argon, and air cannot enter the sealed cavity continuously, so that the welding process is always in a good welding environment, and the welding quality is ensured.
The disadvantages are as follows: aiming at the two prior art, the good welding effect can be ensured, but a large amount of high-purity argon gas is consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a control method and an instrument for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding sealing cavity. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a control method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding sealing cavity is provided, which comprises the following steps:
starting: receiving a welding or gas saving equipment starting signal;
air supply in advance: controlling the proportional valve to provide advanced air supply, and adopting a large-flow air supply mode according to the size of the workpiece and the size of the sealing cavity to ensure the efficiency;
welding gas: after the welding equipment starts welding, the proportional valve is controlled, the small flow is adopted for supplying air, and meanwhile, no air enters a welding seam area;
and (3) lagging and stopping gas: after welding is finished, controlling the proportional valve to enter a hysteresis gas stopping program, wherein the hysteresis gas stopping flow adopts gas flow suitable for the process, and the gas flow is controlled according to the heat dissipation requirement and the production beat;
and (4) ending: and after the lag air stopping time is finished, closing the proportional valve and finishing the air supply process.
Furthermore, a PID control mode and a closed-loop algorithm are adopted, the built-in corresponding core data of the welding process are called, the flow sensor detects the real-time flow and feeds the real-time flow back to the control panel, the output flow of the welding shielding gas is controlled in real time by accurately controlling the built-in high-speed precise electric control proportional valve, and the closed-loop control is realized.
Further, the system also comprises an early warning function; the early warning function specifically is:
when welding is started, if gas is insufficient, arc welding is not started, and an alarm signal is given;
when the gas flow is insufficient in the welding process, stopping welding and giving an alarm signal;
when gas overflows after being not welded for a long time, the gas leakage alarm is prompted.
Through the early warning function, welding quality can be ensured, and gas consumption is reduced better simultaneously.
Further, the gas supply is divided into three sections according to the welding process: advance gas supply, welding gas supply and lag gas stop; and according to the flow of each product for three-section gas supply, after the integration is set in the system, calling by a control program.
Further, the PID control method specifically includes:
the control program compares the real-time flow value A fed back by the flow sensor with the flow B required to be output in the program, and the real-time flow value A is the same as the flow B by adjusting the opening and closing state of the proportional valve.
On the other hand, a control instrument for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding sealing cavity is provided, which comprises: proportional valve, flow sensor and control system; the flow sensor detects real-time flow and feeds back the real-time flow to the control system, and the output flow of the welding protection gas is controlled in real time through accurately controlling the built-in high-speed precise electric control proportional valve, so that closed-loop control is realized.
Further, the device also comprises a pressure regulating valve; the proportional valve, the flow sensor and the pressure regulating valve are all arranged on the gas pipeline.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the working strength of welding workers is reduced, and the existence and the amount of gas are not needed any more, so that troubles are caused; 2. on the premise of ensuring the welding quality, the consumption of gas is more effectively reduced; 3. the influence of gas on welding can be judged in advance, and the occurrence of poor welding is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a sectional gas control diagram of a control method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding seal cavity according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a gas control logic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a control apparatus for intelligently controlling the gas usage of a welding sealed cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a control method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding seal cavity, which comprises the following steps of:
starting: receiving a welding or gas saving equipment starting signal;
air supply in advance: controlling the proportional valve to provide advanced air supply, and adopting a large-flow air supply mode according to the size of the workpiece and the size of the sealing cavity to ensure the efficiency;
welding gas: after the welding equipment starts welding, the proportional valve is controlled, the small flow is adopted for supplying air, and meanwhile, no air enters a welding seam area;
and (3) lagging and stopping gas: after welding is finished, controlling the proportional valve to enter a hysteresis gas stopping program, wherein the hysteresis gas stopping flow adopts gas flow suitable for the process, and the gas flow is controlled according to the heat dissipation requirement and the production beat;
and (4) ending: and after the lag air stopping time is finished, closing the proportional valve and finishing the air supply process.
Furthermore, a PID control mode and a closed-loop algorithm are adopted, the built-in corresponding core data of the welding process are called, the flow sensor detects the real-time flow and feeds the real-time flow back to the control panel, the output flow of the welding shielding gas is controlled in real time by accurately controlling the built-in high-speed precise electric control proportional valve, and the closed-loop control is realized.
Further, the system also comprises an early warning function; the early warning function specifically is:
when welding is started, if gas is insufficient, arc starting welding is not carried out, and an alarm signal is given;
when the gas flow is insufficient in the welding process, stopping welding and giving an alarm signal;
when gas overflows after being not welded for a long time, the gas leakage alarm is prompted.
Through the early warning function, welding quality can be ensured, and gas consumption is reduced better simultaneously.
Further, the gas supply is divided into three sections according to the welding process: advance gas supply, welding gas supply and lag gas stop; and according to the flow of each product for three-section gas supply, after the integration is set in the system, calling by a control program.
Further, the PID control method specifically includes:
the control program compares the real-time flow value A fed back by the flow sensor with the flow B required to be output in the program, and the real-time flow value A is the same as the flow B by adjusting the opening and closing state of the proportional valve.
In another aspect, a control apparatus for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding seal chamber is provided, referring to fig. 3, including: proportional valve 100, flow sensor 200, and control system 300; the flow sensor detects real-time flow and feeds back the real-time flow to the control system, and the output flow of the welding shielding gas is controlled in real time through accurately controlling the built-in high-speed precise electric control proportional valve, so that closed-loop control is realized.
Further, a pressure regulating valve 400 is also included; the proportional valve, the flow sensor and the pressure regulating valve are all arranged on the gas pipeline.
In this embodiment, a control instrument for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of a welding seal cavity is further provided with a touch screen convenient for display and operation; the gas pipeline is provided with a gas outlet and a gas inlet; a communication interface and a power interface are arranged at the same time; the communication interface is convenient for connecting other terminals; meanwhile, a cooling fan is further arranged, so that the temperature of the instrument can be conveniently reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The control method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of the welding sealing cavity is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
starting: receiving a welding or gas saving equipment starting signal;
air supply in advance: controlling the proportional valve to provide advanced air supply, and adopting a large-flow air supply mode according to the size of the workpiece and the size of the sealing cavity to ensure the efficiency;
welding gas: after the welding equipment starts welding, the proportional valve is controlled, the small flow is adopted for supplying air, and meanwhile, no air enters a welding seam area;
and (3) lagging and stopping gas: after welding is finished, controlling the proportional valve to enter a hysteresis gas stopping program, wherein the hysteresis gas stopping flow adopts gas flow suitable for the process, and the gas flow is controlled according to the heat dissipation requirement and the production beat;
and (4) ending: and after the lag air stopping time is finished, closing the proportional valve and finishing the air supply process.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein PID control and closed-loop algorithm are used to invoke the corresponding welding process core data, and the flow sensor detects the real-time flow and feeds back to the control board, and the output flow of the welding shielding gas is controlled in real time by precisely controlling the built-in high-speed precise electric control proportional valve, and closed-loop control is achieved.
3. The control method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of the welding seal cavity according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising an early warning function; the early warning function specifically is:
when welding is started, if gas is insufficient, arc welding is not started, and an alarm signal is given;
when the gas flow is insufficient in the welding process, stopping welding and giving an alarm signal;
when gas overflows after being welded for a long time, the gas leakage alarm is prompted;
through the early warning function, welding quality can be ensured, and gas consumption is reduced better simultaneously.
4. The method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of the welding seal cavity according to claim 3, characterized in that the gas supply is divided into three sections according to the welding process: advance gas supply, welding gas supply and lag gas stop; and according to the flow of each product for three-section gas supply, after the integration is set in the system, calling by a control program.
5. The method for intelligently controlling the gas consumption of the welding seal cavity according to claim 4, wherein the PID control mode specifically comprises:
the control program compares the real-time flow value A fed back by the flow sensor with the flow B required to be output in the program, and the real-time flow value A is the same as the flow B by adjusting the opening and closing state of the proportional valve.
6. The utility model provides a control instrument of intelligent control welding seal chamber gas consumption which characterized in that includes: proportional valve, flow sensor and control system; the flow sensor detects real-time flow and feeds back the real-time flow to the control system, and the output flow of the welding shielding gas is controlled in real time through accurately controlling the built-in high-speed precise electric control proportional valve, so that closed-loop control is realized.
7. The control instrument for intelligently controlling the gas dosage in a welding seal cavity as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a pressure regulating valve; the proportional valve, the flow sensor and the pressure regulating valve are all arranged on the gas pipeline.
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| CN202210388632.4A CN114535761A (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Control method and instrument for intelligently controlling gas consumption of welding seal cavity |
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| CN202210388632.4A CN114535761A (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Control method and instrument for intelligently controlling gas consumption of welding seal cavity |
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