CN114535260A - Treatment method and application of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block - Google Patents
Treatment method and application of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block Download PDFInfo
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- CN114535260A CN114535260A CN202210159232.6A CN202210159232A CN114535260A CN 114535260 A CN114535260 A CN 114535260A CN 202210159232 A CN202210159232 A CN 202210159232A CN 114535260 A CN114535260 A CN 114535260A
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001180 sulfating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum electrolysis and application thereof. The processing method comprises the following steps: crushing and screening the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks to obtain fine particle materials and coarse particle materials; acidizing the fine particle material to obtain carbon-containing element slurry; and mixing and reacting the coarse particle material, the carbon-containing element slurry and a magnesium source to prepare the gelled material containing the waste cathode. The method for treating the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block does not generate high-temperature fluorine-containing flue gas and fluorine-containing wastewater in the treatment process, directly seals harmful elements in the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block, and is used in building materials, so that the harmful elements are prevented from leaking; meanwhile, the characteristics of light weight, carbon activity and the like of the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block are used as beneficial components of building materials, so that the solid waste utilization of the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a treatment method and application of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks.
Background
The aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block is industrial waste residue generated in the overhaul of an electrolytic cell in aluminum electrolysis production, is immersed in a large amount of electrolyte in the using process, has high fluorine content and contains trace cyanide, is listed in the national hazardous waste list, and belongs to hazardous waste. In order to solve the problems of high-temperature fluorine-containing flue gas and fluorine-containing wastewater, a series of waste cathode carbon block treatment processes mainly based on sulfating roasting are proposed in patents CN201910373382.5, CN200110006228.4 and CN 200110006228.4.
At present, the domestic disposal method mainly comprises two methods of stockpiling and burning, wherein the stockpiling method occupies land resources and brings potential safety hazards to the environment; the aluminum electrolysis cathode is deformed, raised and broken under the actions of erosion, scouring, thermal stress and the like of molten salt and molten aluminum, so that waste cathode carbon blocks are generated. In general, about 10kg of waste cathode carbon blocks are produced per 1 ton of electrolytic aluminum, the global electrolytic aluminum yield in 2018 is 6434 ten thousand tons, and the quantity of the produced waste cathode carbon blocks is over 60 ten thousand tons, so that the quantity is huge.
The aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block mainly contains F, Al, Na, C, Ca, K, Li, Si, N and other elements, the main phases comprise carbon with higher graphitization degree, sodium fluoride, cryolite, calcium fluoride, alumina, nepheline, metal silicon, transition state substances of the cryolite and the like, the substance composition is relatively complex, the fixed carbon content is usually more than 50%, the graphitization is high, and the heating value can reach 20 MJ/Kg. The fixed carbon content and the heat productivity of the waste cathode with short cell age are even higher, the fixed carbon content and the heat productivity are equivalent to the heat value of power coal, and the rest of fluoride is the important components of the electrolyte and is a renewable resource. The separation and recovery of the waste cathode carbon blocks are beneficial to the sustainable development of the electrolytic aluminum industry and can realize good economic benefit. The treatment of the waste cathode carbon block can be divided into two technical routes of a wet method and a pyrogenic method at present. The wet method can be classified into a flotation method, a chemical method, a flotation-chemical combination method and the like. The pyrogenic process comprises a method for volatilizing fluoride at high temperature and preparing a carbon material, a method for cooperatively treating and utilizing steel, cement clinker, thermal power generation and the like, a method for producing a cement raw material by calcining in a rotary kiln and the like.
Although many researches are carried out on cathode disposal technology and industrialization, the method is influenced by environmental protection policy or technology maturity, and industrial operation is not achieved much, such as large chemical activity of fluoride and fine embedded particle size, so that the fluoride is difficult to be fully dissolved out by adopting a wet method and the like, and fluorine-containing solid waste is easy to be produced by a pyrogenic method; a large amount of wastewater is generated by secondary treatment; high requirements on equipment performance in high-temperature treatment are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a treatment method and application of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method for treating waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum electrolysis, which comprises the following steps:
crushing and screening the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks to obtain fine particle materials and coarse particle materials;
acidizing the fine particle material to obtain carbon-containing element slurry;
and mixing and reacting the coarse particle material, the carbon-containing element slurry and a magnesium source to prepare the gelled material containing the waste cathode.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the gelled material containing the waste cathode prepared by the treatment method, wherein the gelled material containing the waste cathode comprises a magnesium gelled material containing the waste cathode; the density of the gelled material containing the waste cathode is 1.6-2.7 kg/cm3。
The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the gelled material containing the waste cathode in preparation of building materials.
The embodiment of the invention also provides application thereof.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for treating the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block does not generate high-temperature fluorine-containing flue gas and fluorine-containing wastewater in the treatment process, directly seals harmful elements in the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block, and is used in building materials, thereby ensuring that the harmful elements are not leaked; meanwhile, the characteristics of light weight, carbon activity and the like of the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block are used as beneficial components of building materials, so that the solid waste utilization of the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating waste cathode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In view of the defects of the prior art, the inventor of the present invention has made extensive research and practice to provide a technical scheme of the present invention, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating waste cathode carbon blocks from aluminum electrolysis, wherein the method does not generate high-temperature fluorine-containing flue gas and fluorine-containing wastewater during the treatment process, and specifically comprises a new method for treating the waste cathode carbon blocks from aluminum electrolysis in an early stage and then reusing the treated waste cathode carbon blocks from aluminum electrolysis by using a gelling material.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Specifically, as one aspect of the technical scheme of the invention, the method for treating the waste cathode carbon block for aluminum electrolysis comprises the following steps:
crushing and screening the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks to obtain fine particle materials and coarse particle materials;
acidizing the fine particle material to obtain carbon-containing element slurry;
and mixing and reacting the coarse particle material, the carbon-containing element slurry and a magnesium source to prepare the gelled material containing the waste cathode.
In some preferred embodiments, the fine particulate material has a particle size of less than 5 mm.
In some preferred embodiments, the coarse particulate material comprises a first coarse particulate material having a particle size of 5 to 10mm and a second coarse particulate material having a particle size of 10 to 50 mm.
Further, the mass ratio of the first coarse particle material to the second coarse particle material is 10-30: 70-90.
In some preferred embodiments, the treatment method comprises: and fully contacting the fine particle material with acid, and carrying out acidification treatment for 0.5-4 h at 10-60 ℃ to obtain the carbon element-containing slurry.
Further, the acid includes hydrochloric acid, and is not limited thereto.
In some preferred embodiments, the magnesium source includes magnesium oxide and/or magnesium chloride, and is not limited thereto.
For example, magnesium oxide and/or magnesium chloride solutions.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the coarse particle material, the carbon-containing element slurry and the magnesium source is 70-90: 10-30: 5-40.
In some preferred embodiments, the gelled material comprising a waste cathode comprises a magnesium-based gelled material comprising a waste cathode, and is not limited thereto.
In some more specific embodiments, the method for treating aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks comprises: and crushing the waste cathode carbon blocks, grading and screening the particle size, acidifying the particles with fine particle size, and taking the particles with the coarse particle size range as aggregate to prepare the magnesium cementing material containing the waste cathode. The method can directly seal and store harmful elements in the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks, and the harmful elements are used in building materials, so that the harmful elements are not leaked, and the characteristics of light weight, carbon activity and the like of the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks are used as beneficial components of the building materials, thereby realizing solid waste utilization of the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks.
The flow diagram of the method for treating the waste cathode carbon block for aluminum electrolysis in the invention is shown in figure 1.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a gelled material containing a waste cathode prepared by the above-mentioned treatment method, wherein the gelled material containing a waste cathode comprises a magnesium gelled material containing a waste cathode; the density of the gelled material containing the waste cathode is 1.6-2.7 kg/cm3。
The gelled material containing the waste cathode prepared by the invention has strong workability: capable of highly fusing or fixing harmful components in the waste cathode material; the weight can be reduced: the gas is filled in the cementing material to realize the light building material.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a use of the aforementioned gelled material containing a waste cathode in the preparation of a building material.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to several preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solutions of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The experimental materials used in the examples used below were all available from conventional biochemical reagents companies, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Crushing the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm;
sieving the crushed particles into fine particles smaller than 5mm and coarse particles of 5mm-10mm and 10mm-50mm respectively;
thirdly, acidifying the fine particles with the diameter of less than 5mm for 2 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain acidic slurry containing carbon elements;
fourthly, according to the parts by weight: uniformly mixing 1 part of slurry, 1 part of MgO and 7 parts of coarse particles (the ratio of particles of 5mm-10mm to particles of 10mm-50mm is 1: 4) for reaction for 5 hours to form the magnesium cementing material containing the waste cathode, wherein the density of the prepared magnesium cementing material is 1.6-2.1 kg/cm3The materialCan be used for building materials such as building envelopes, curbstones and the like.
Comparative example 1
Crushing the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm;
acidifying the particles at 30 ℃ for 2h to obtain acidic slurry containing carbon elements;
thirdly, according to the parts by weight: and (3) uniformly mixing 1 part of the acidified slurry, 1 part of MgO and 0.3 part of magnesium chloride solution for reaction for 5 hours to form the magnesium cementing material.
The performance of the magnesium cement prepared by the comparative example is far lower than that of the magnesium cement prepared by the example 1.
Example 2
Crushing the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm;
sieving the crushed particles into fine particles smaller than 5mm and coarse particles of 5mm-10mm and 10mm-50mm respectively;
thirdly, acidifying the fine particles with the diameter of less than 5mm for 2 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain acidic slurry containing carbon elements;
fourthly, according to the parts by weight: 2 parts of acidified slurry, 4 parts of MgO and 8 parts of coarse particles (the proportion of particles of 5mm-10mm and particles of 10mm-50mm is 1: 3) are uniformly mixed and reacted for 5 hours to form the magnesium cementing material containing the waste cathode, and the material can be used for building materials such as curbstones and the like.
Example 3
Crushing the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm;
sieving the crushed particles into fine particles smaller than 5mm and coarse particles of 5mm-10mm and 10mm-50mm respectively;
thirdly, acidifying the fine particles with the diameter of less than 5mm for 0.5h at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain acidic slurry containing carbon elements;
fourthly, according to the parts by weight: uniformly mixing 1 part of acidified slurry, 0.5 part of magnesium chloride and 7 parts of coarse particles (the ratio of 5mm-10mm particles to 10mm-50mm particles is 1: 7) for reaction for 4 hours to form a magnesium cementing material containing a waste cathode, wherein the density of the prepared magnesium cementing material is 1.7-2.5 kg/cm3The material can be used for building materials such as curbstones and the like.
Example 4
Crushing the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm;
sieving the crushed particles into fine particles smaller than 5mm and coarse particles of 5mm-10mm and 10mm-50mm respectively;
thirdly, acidifying the fine particles with the particle size of less than 5mm for 4 hours at the temperature of 10 ℃ to obtain acidic slurry containing carbon elements;
fourthly, according to the parts by weight: uniformly mixing 3 parts of acidified slurry, 4 parts of MgO and 9 parts of coarse particles (the ratio of particles of 5mm-10mm to particles of 10mm-50mm is 1: 9) for reaction for 10 hours to form the magnesium cementing material containing the waste cathode, wherein the density of the prepared magnesium cementing material is 1.7-2.5 kg/cm3The material can be used for building materials such as curbstones and the like.
In addition, the inventors of the present invention have also made experiments with other materials, process operations, and process conditions described in the present specification with reference to the above examples, and have obtained preferable results.
It should be understood that the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for treating waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum electrolysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
crushing and screening the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks to obtain fine particle materials and coarse particle materials;
acidizing the fine particle material to obtain carbon-containing element slurry;
and mixing and reacting the coarse particle material, the carbon-containing element slurry and a magnesium source to prepare the gelled material containing the waste cathode.
2. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the fine particle material is less than 5 mm.
3. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coarse particle materials comprise a first coarse particle material with the particle size of 5-10 mm and a second coarse particle material with the particle size of 10-50 mm;
preferably, the mass ratio of the first coarse particle material to the second coarse particle material is 10-30: 70-90.
4. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: and fully contacting the fine particle material with acid, and carrying out acidification treatment for 0.5-4 h at 10-60 ℃ to obtain the carbon element-containing slurry.
5. The processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the acid comprises hydrochloric acid.
6. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: and mixing the coarse particle material, the carbon-containing element slurry and a magnesium source, and reacting at room temperature for 4-10 hours.
7. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnesium source comprises magnesium oxide and/or magnesium chloride.
8. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the coarse particle material, the carbonaceous element slurry and the magnesium source is 70-90: 10-30: 5-40.
9. A gelled material comprising a spent cathode, prepared by the process of any one of claims 1 to 8, said gelled material comprising a spent cathode comprising a magnesium gelled material; the density of the gelled material containing the waste cathode is 1.6-2.7 kg/cm3。
10. Use of the gelled material comprising a spent cathode of claim 9 in the manufacture of a building material.
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| CN111792644A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-20 | 郑州大学 | Method for preparing porous carbon material by using aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon |
| CN214270947U (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-09-24 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | System for harmless, resourceful processing of aluminium industry waste cathode carbon piece |
| CN114751666A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-15 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Method for preparing magnesium material by using waste aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block as raw material |
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