CN114526029B - Christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function - Google Patents
Christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function Download PDFInfo
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- CN114526029B CN114526029B CN202210218214.0A CN202210218214A CN114526029B CN 114526029 B CN114526029 B CN 114526029B CN 202210218214 A CN202210218214 A CN 202210218214A CN 114526029 B CN114526029 B CN 114526029B
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of petroleum, in particular to a christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function. In order to solve the technical problems that when the pressure of the upward-gushed high-pressure liquid exceeds the limit pressure value of blowout prevention equipment, dangerous accidents are easy to be caused by leakage of liquid and combustible gas, and damage to the blowout prevention equipment and the christmas tree is caused when the hydraulic blowout prevention equipment works in a long-time pressure overload condition. The invention provides a christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function, which comprises an emergency triggering unit, a pressure relief exhaust unit and the like; the pressure release exhaust unit is connected with the emergency trigger unit. According to the invention, blowout prevention equipment is arranged in the Christmas tree, the blowout prevention equipment is changed into a triggering type from a passive type, the response speed of the blowout prevention equipment is improved while the sealing performance of the Christmas tree is improved, and the added triggering type pressure release component timely transfers and recovers excessive combustible liquid and gas, so that the safety of the production operation is improved while the service life of the Christmas tree is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum, in particular to a christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function.
Background
In the petroleum exploitation process, if the pressure of stratum is not accurately mastered, when the density of pre-poured slurry is low or improper treatment occurs in other oil exploitation works, blowout phenomenon is caused, once blowout accidents occur, natural gas erupted into surface air can be burnt when the natural gas meets a spark, and thus other series of potential accidents are caused.
In the current christmas tree used on the oil well, blowout prevention equipment is usually arranged, when a monitoring department monitors a blowout precursor, all departments are informed to start early warning work of blowout prevention, blowout can be dealt with at any time, after a sucker rod is taken out of the christmas tree, the blowout prevention equipment is started, and then the work of rapidly sealing a well can be completed. The existing blowout prevention equipment is used for preventing blowout by plugging a wellhead, high-pressure liquid which is blown out from the underground is plugged below the wellhead, so that the blowout of the high-pressure liquid can be effectively avoided, however, various blowout prevention equipment has a limiting pressure value, when the pressure of the high-pressure liquid which is blown out upwards exceeds the limiting pressure value of the blowout prevention equipment, if the blowout prevention equipment on a christmas tree cannot effectively plug the high-pressure liquid, a large amount of liquid is leaked, a series of dangerous accidents such as fire disaster are caused due to leakage of a large amount of combustible gas, in addition, the blowout prevention equipment and the christmas tree perform plugging of the high-pressure liquid in overload pressure for a long time, the fragile parts of the blowout prevention equipment and the christmas tree are damaged, the next use of the blowout prevention equipment and the christmas tree is affected, and great waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that when the upward-gushing high-pressure liquid pressure exceeds the limit pressure value of blowout prevention equipment, dangerous accidents are easy to occur due to leakage of liquid and combustible gas, and damage to the blowout prevention equipment and the christmas tree is caused by working in a long-time pressure overload condition, the invention provides the christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function.
The technical implementation scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a prevent production tree of emergent risk prevention function of blowout, including preventing blowout unit, urgent trigger unit, pressure release exhaust unit, support pipeline, the lower pipeline, well pipeline, go up pipeline, the oil pipe cross, lateral part support frame, first elastic component and lateral duct, the upside of support pipeline has the lower pipeline through the flange switch-on, the upside of lower pipeline slides and is connected with well pipeline, the interior upside of well pipeline is annular pterygoid lamina structure, the upside of well pipeline slides and is connected with the upper pipeline, the lower part of encircling the lateral surface of upper pipeline is six slider structures, the middle part of upper pipeline inboard is sealing ring structure, the left part of upper pipeline inboard and the right part of inboard are respectively for a pin structure, the annular pterygoid lamina of well pipeline is all hugged closely to the lower extreme of two pin, the upside of upper pipeline has the oil pipe cross through the flange switch-on, the upper portion rigid coupling of encircling the upper pipeline lateral surface has three lateral part support frame, between three lateral part support frame and the well pipeline, each rigid coupling has a first elastic component, the right side of well pipeline is led to have lateral duct, the middle part of well pipeline inboard is connected with the blowout prevention unit, the inside of well pipeline is connected with the emergent risk prevention unit, the side of blowout prevention unit is connected with the urgent trigger unit on the lateral part of the side of the upper pipeline, the pressure release unit is connected with the emergent risk prevention unit, the side is connected with the emergent risk prevention unit.
More preferably, the blowout prevention unit comprises a fixed plate, a first rotating shaft, torsion springs, push arms, a baffle, a second elastic piece, a push plate, a sealing sphere and fork arms, wherein the middle part of the inner left side of a middle pipeline is fixedly connected with the fixed plate, the lower side of the fixed plate is rotationally connected with the first rotating shaft, the torsion springs are fixedly connected between the first rotating shaft and the fixed plate, the torsion springs are sleeved on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft, the front end and the rear end of the first rotating shaft are fixedly connected with the push arms respectively, the baffle is fixedly connected between the right ends of the two push arms, the inner right side of the side pipeline is fixedly connected with the second elastic piece, the left end of the second elastic piece is fixedly connected with the push plate, the inner side of the side pipeline is provided with the sealing sphere, the baffle and the push plate are respectively clung to the left side and the right side of the sealing sphere, and the upper side of the push arm positioned at the front side is fixedly connected with the fork arms.
More preferably, the middle parts of the two pushing arms are respectively provided with an arc-shaped structure protruding towards the middle pipeline direction.
More preferably, the emergency triggering unit comprises triggering blocks, capillary pipelines, L-shaped pressure relief pipelines, oil guide pipes and pressure relief assemblies, wherein the inner sides of six sliding block structures of the upper pipeline are fixedly connected with the L-shaped pressure relief pipelines respectively, the inner sides of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines are connected with the pressure relief assemblies respectively, the upper ends of the six triggering assemblies are connected with the adjacent L-shaped pressure relief pipelines respectively, the upper end branch pipe parts of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines are respectively communicated with the oil guide pipes, the six oil guide pipes are all connected with the pressure relief exhaust unit, six triggering blocks are fixedly connected around the upper part of the inner side of the middle pipeline, the upper ends of the six triggering blocks are respectively clung to the adjacent L-shaped pressure relief pipelines, two capillary pipelines are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the six triggering blocks, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the twelve capillary pipelines are respectively communicated with the L-shaped pressure relief pipelines and the middle pipeline.
More preferably, the pressure release assembly comprises push rods, third elastic components and sealing blocks, wherein the third elastic components are fixedly connected to the inner upper sides of the six L-shaped pressure release pipelines respectively, the sealing blocks are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the six third elastic components respectively, the six sealing blocks are respectively blocked at the upper end branch pipe parts of the adjacent L-shaped pressure release pipelines, the push rods are respectively connected to the inner lower sides of the six L-shaped pressure release pipelines in a sliding manner, and the six push rods are respectively fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing blocks.
More preferably, the pressure release exhaust unit comprises a driving motor, a first bevel gear, a lower annular groove body, an upper annular groove body, a conical ring, a liquid collecting pipe and a gas collecting pipe, wherein the front side of a flange part of an upper pipeline is fixedly connected with the driving motor through a connecting block, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, the lower annular groove body is fixedly connected between three side supporting frames, the outer ends of six oil guide pipes are all connected with the lower annular groove body, the upper side of the lower annular groove body is slidably connected with the upper annular groove body, the conical ring is fixedly connected with the upper side of the upper annular groove body, the first bevel gear is meshed with the conical ring, the liquid collecting pipe is connected with the lower part of the left side of the lower annular groove body, the gas collecting pipe is connected with the upper part of the left side of the lower annular groove body, and the upper end of the gas collecting pipe is fixedly connected with the upper pipeline through the connecting block.
More preferably, the upper annular groove body and the lower annular groove body form a complete annular pipeline.
More preferably, a plurality of bump structures are provided around the inner side surface of the upper annular groove body.
More preferably, the device further comprises an auxiliary unit, the middle pipeline is provided with the auxiliary unit, the auxiliary unit comprises a second bevel gear, a second rotating shaft, a third bevel gear and an adjusting rotating wheel, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the rear side of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the left side of the middle pipeline, the third bevel gear is fixedly connected to the right side of the second rotating shaft, the third bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, and the adjusting rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the left side of the second rotating shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the existing blowout prevention equipment performs blowout prevention work in the christmas tree, when the pressure of high-pressure liquid which is upwards gushed out exceeds the limit pressure value of the blowout prevention equipment, dangerous accidents are easily caused by leakage of liquid and combustible gas, and the damage of the blowout prevention equipment and the christmas tree is caused when the high-pressure liquid is in a long-time pressure overload condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an upper pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first perspective structure of a blowout prevention unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the blowout prevention unit V of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a first perspective structure of the emergency trigger unit of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a second perspective structure of the emergency trigger unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a pressure relief exhaust unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a pressure relief exhaust unit of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a first perspective structure of the auxiliary unit of the present invention.
The marks of the components in the drawings are as follows: the device comprises a 1-supporting pipeline, a 2-lower pipeline, a 3-middle pipeline, a 31-ring-shaped wing plate, a 4-upper pipeline, a 41-sliding block, a 42-sealing ring, a 43-stop lever, a 5-oil pipe four-way, a 6-side supporting frame, a 7-first elastic piece, an 8-side pipeline, a 101-fixed plate, a 102-first rotating shaft, a 103-torsion spring, a 104-pushing arm, a 105-baffle, a 106-second elastic piece, a 107-pushing plate, a 108-sealing ball, a 109-fork arm, a 201-triggering block, a 202-capillary pipeline, a 203-L-shaped pressure relief pipeline, a 204-pushing rod, a 205-third elastic piece, a 206-sealing block, a 207-oil guide pipe, a 301-driving motor, a 302-first bevel gear, a 303-lower annular groove body, a 304-upper annular groove body, a 305-conical tooth ring, a 306-liquid collecting pipe, a 307-gas collecting pipe, a 401-second conical gear, a 402-second rotating shaft, a 403-third conical gear and a 404-adjusting rotating wheel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first elastic member 7 used is a spring telescopic arm, and the second elastic member 106 and the third elastic member 205 used are both pressure springs.
Example 1
The christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function comprises a blowout prevention unit, an emergency triggering unit, a pressure relief exhaust unit, a support pipeline 1, a lower pipeline 2, a middle pipeline 3, an upper pipeline 4, an oil pipe four-way 5, a side support frame 6, a first elastic piece 7 and a side pipeline 8, wherein the blowout prevention unit is shown in fig. 1-9; the upper side of the support pipeline 1 is communicated with a lower pipeline 2 through a flange; the upper side of the lower pipeline 2 is connected with a middle pipeline 3 in a sliding way; the inner upper side of the middle pipeline 3 is provided with an annular wing plate 31 structure; the upper side of the middle pipeline 3 is connected with an upper pipeline 4 in a sliding way; six sliding blocks 41 are arranged at the lower part of the outer side surface of the surrounding upper pipeline 4; the middle part of the inner side of the upper pipeline 4 is provided with a sealing ring 42 structure; the left part of the inner side and the right part of the inner side of the upper pipeline 4 are respectively provided with a stop lever 43 structure; the lower ends of the two stop rods 43 are tightly attached to the annular wing plate 31 of the middle pipeline 3; the upper side of the upper pipeline 4 is communicated with an oil pipe four-way 5 through a flange; three side support frames 6 are fixedly connected around the upper part of the outer side surface of the upper pipeline 4; a first elastic piece 7 is fixedly connected between the three side support frames 6 and the middle pipeline 3; a side pipeline 8 is connected to the right side of the middle pipeline 3; the middle part of the inner side of the middle pipeline 3 is connected with a blowout prevention unit; the right side of the blowout prevention unit is connected with a side pipeline 8; the upper part of the inner side of the middle pipeline 3 is connected with an emergency triggering unit; the upper side of the emergency triggering unit is connected with an upper pipeline 4; the outer side of the upper pipeline 4 is connected with a pressure relief exhaust unit; the pressure relief exhaust unit is connected with three side support frames 6; the pressure release exhaust unit is connected with the emergency trigger unit.
As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the blowout prevention unit includes a fixed plate 101, a first rotating shaft 102, a torsion spring 103, a push arm 104, a baffle 105, a second elastic member 106, a push plate 107, a sealing sphere 108 and a yoke 109; the middle part of the inner left side of the middle pipeline 3 is connected with a fixing plate 101 through a bolt; the lower side of the fixed plate 101 is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft 102; a torsion spring 103 is fixedly connected between the first rotating shaft 102 and the fixed plate 101, and the torsion spring 103 is sleeved on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft 102; the front end and the rear end of the first rotating shaft 102 are fixedly connected with a push arm 104 respectively; the middle parts of the two pushing arms 104 are respectively provided with an arc-shaped structure protruding towards the middle pipeline 3; a baffle 105 is welded between the right ends of the two pushing arms 104; the second elastic piece 106 is fixedly connected to the inner right side of the side pipeline 8; a push plate 107 is fixedly connected to the left end of the second elastic piece 106; the inner side of the side pipeline 8 is provided with a sealing sphere 108; the baffle 105 and the push plate 107 are respectively clung to the left side and the right side of the sealing sphere 108; fork arms 109 are welded to the upper side of the push arms 104 on the front side.
As shown in fig. 6-7, the emergency trigger unit comprises a trigger block 201, a capillary tube 202, an L-shaped pressure relief pipeline 203, an oil guide tube 207 and a pressure relief assembly; the inner sides of the six sliding blocks 41 of the upper pipeline 4 are fixedly connected with an L-shaped pressure relief pipeline 203 respectively; the inner sides of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines 203 are respectively connected with a pressure relief assembly; the upper ends of the six trigger components are respectively connected with an adjacent L-shaped pressure release pipeline 203; the upper branch pipe parts of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines 203 are respectively communicated with an oil guide pipe 207; the six oil guide pipes 207 are all connected with a pressure relief exhaust unit; six trigger blocks 201 are connected around the upper part of the inner side of the middle pipeline 3 through bolts; the upper ends of the six trigger blocks 201 are respectively clung to an adjacent L-shaped pressure release pipeline 203; two capillary lines 202 are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the six trigger blocks 201; the upper and lower ends of the twelve capillary lines 202 are respectively connected with an L-shaped pressure relief pipeline 203 and a middle pipeline 3.
As shown in fig. 7, the pressure relief assembly includes a push rod 204, a third elastic member 205, and a stopper 206; a third elastic component 205 is fixedly connected to the inner upper sides of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines 203 respectively; the lower ends of the six third elastic components 205 are fixedly connected with a sealing block 206 respectively; six blocking blocks 206 are respectively blocked at the upper end branch pipe parts of the adjacent L-shaped pressure release pipelines 203; the inner lower sides of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines 203 are respectively connected with a push rod 204 in a sliding way; six push rods 204 are fixedly connected with adjacent one of the sealing blocks 206 respectively.
As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 8 to 9, the pressure relief exhaust unit includes a driving motor 301, a first bevel gear 302, a lower annular groove 303, an upper annular groove 304, a bevel gear ring 305, a liquid collection pipe 306, and a gas collection pipe 307; the front side of the flange part of the upper pipeline 4 is connected with a driving motor 301 through a connecting block bolt; the output shaft of the driving motor 301 is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 302; a lower annular groove 303 is welded among the three side support frames 6; the outer ends of the six oil guide pipes 207 are communicated with the lower annular groove 303; the upper side of the lower annular groove 303 is slidingly connected with an upper annular groove 304; the upper annular groove body 304 and the lower annular groove body 303 form a complete annular pipeline; a plurality of bump structures are arranged around the inner side surface of the upper annular groove body 304; a bevel gear ring 305 is welded on the upper side of the upper annular groove body 304; the first bevel gear 302 meshes with the bevel ring 305; the lower part of the left side of the lower annular groove 303 is communicated with a liquid collecting pipe 306; the upper part of the left side of the lower annular groove body 303 is communicated with a gas collecting pipe 307; the upper end of the gas collection pipe 307 is bolted to the upper pipe 4 by a connecting block.
The oil pipe four-way 5 is externally connected with a production wing pipeline, the liquid collecting pipe 306 and the gas collecting pipe 307 are respectively connected with a liquid collecting cabin and a gas collecting cabin through pipelines, so that a supporting pipeline 1, a lower pipeline 2, a middle pipeline 3, an upper pipeline 4 and the oil pipe four-way 5 form a complete christmas tree, an operator sequentially passes through the oil pipe four-way 5, the upper pipeline 4, the middle pipeline 3, the lower pipeline 2 and the supporting pipeline 1 from top to bottom after opening an upper valve of the oil pipe four-way 5, so that extracted liquid and gas flow into the externally connected production wing pipeline from the oil pipe four-way 5, then pass through an externally connected oil nozzle and an oil conveying channel and are conveyed to the next treatment process, and the oil pumping rod extending into the christmas tree passes between arc-shaped protruding parts of the two pushing arms 104.
When blowout occurs, an operator rapidly controls the sucker rod to pull away from the christmas tree, and closes the upper valve of the oil pipe four-way 5, high-pressure liquid in the christmas tree is high-speed and upwards gushed from the bottom, the annular wing plate 31 of the middle pipeline 3 is upwards pushed, the middle pipeline 3 is driven to move upwards, the upper side and the lower side of the middle pipeline 3 slide upwards along the upper pipeline 4 and the lower pipeline 2 respectively, the first elastic piece 7 is compressed, the blowout prevention component is triggered at the moment, the middle pipeline 3 drives the fixed plate 101 and the first rotating shaft 102 and the pushing arm 104 connected with the fixed plate 101 to move upwards, the stop lever 43 in the upper pipeline 4 is driven to rotate downwards through the fork arm 109, the pushing arm 104 which moves upwards drives the torsion spring 103 and the first rotating shaft 102, the turnover pushing arm 104 drives the baffle 105 to separate from the sealing ball 108 downwards, the second elastic piece 106 which initially takes a compressed state drives the pushing plate 107 to push the sealing ball 108 into the middle pipeline 3, the sealing ball 108 moves upwards along with the high-pressure liquid which is upwards, the sealing ball 108 clings to the upper ring surface 42 of the upper pipeline 4 and the lower ring surface 42 of the pipeline 3, the sealing ball 4 and the blowout prevention space is sealed and blocked by the sealing ball 42.
While the middle pipeline 3 is pushed to move upwards, the middle pipeline 3 drives the trigger block 201, the push rod 204 is pushed upwards to drive the sealing block 206 and the third elastic component 205 to compress upwards along the L-shaped pressure release pipeline 203, so that the sealing block 206 leaves the upper end branch pipe part of the L-shaped pressure release pipeline 203, the oil guide pipe 207 is communicated with the upper end of the adjacent L-shaped pressure release pipeline 203, meanwhile, part of high-pressure liquid and accompanying gas enter the L-shaped pressure release pipeline 203 from the middle pipeline 3 through the capillary pipeline 202 and flow into the annular pressure release pipeline formed by the lower annular groove body 303 and the upper annular groove body 304 along the L-shaped pressure release pipeline 203, the high-pressure liquid in the middle pipeline 3 is dredged, the pressure value of the high-pressure liquid in the middle pipeline 3 is reduced, the pressure of the high-pressure liquid is prevented from exceeding the limit pressure value of each component of the oil production tree, and the service life of the oil production tree is prolonged.
Part of high-pressure liquid and accompanying gas sequentially enter the L-shaped pressure relief pipeline 203 and the oil guide pipe 207 through the capillary pipeline 202, the middle pipeline 3 flows into the annular pressure relief pipeline, meanwhile, the output shaft of the driving motor 301 drives the first bevel gear 302 to rotate, the first bevel gear 302 is meshed with the bevel gear ring 305 to drive the upper annular groove 304 to rotate along the lower annular groove 303, meanwhile, the upper annular groove 304 which rapidly rotates passes through the bump structure on the inner side surface, the liquid in the annular pressure relief pipeline is stirred, the liquid flows along with the outer ring of the inner side wall of the annular pressure relief pipeline under the traction of centrifugal force in the rotating process, at the moment, the accompanying high-pressure liquid enters the gas in the annular pressure relief pipeline, due to the action force between molecules in the gas, obvious difference exists between the molecules of the liquid, centrifugal differential speed occurs under the high-speed centrifugal state, the influence of the centrifugal differential speed is achieved, the liquid density is larger than that of the gas flowing in the annular pressure relief pipeline, the separated gas is extruded into the inner ring of the annular pressure relief pipeline, meanwhile, the gas separated from the liquid enters an external gas collecting cabin along with the gas collecting pipe 307, the external gas collecting cabin is tightly attached to the inner ring of the inner side wall of the annular pressure relief pipeline, the external gas collecting cabin is separated along with the gas collecting pipe 306, the external gas collecting cabin is easily-connected with the liquid, the external gas is easily-connected gas is easily, the dangerous accident is avoided, and the accident is caused.
When blowout phenomenon takes place, this christmas tree has in time accomplished the shutoff work to the high-pressure liquid who gushes out from underground, avoid well head department to cause environmental pollution and wasting of resources because of the oil eruption, simultaneously through dredging the pressure release to high-pressure liquid, avoid the pressure of high-pressure liquid to cause the christmas tree impaired because of exceeding the extreme pressure value of each part of christmas tree, and carry out gas-liquid separation work and shift recovery work to surplus high-pressure liquid through differential separation, avoid leaking because of combustible liquid and combustible gas, cause the emergence of a series of dangerous accidents, later implement subsequent treatment measures to blowout phenomenon by operating personnel.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-10, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 1, and further includes an auxiliary unit, where the auxiliary unit is disposed on the middle pipe 3, and the auxiliary unit includes a second bevel gear 401, a second rotating shaft 402, a third bevel gear 403, and an adjusting rotating wheel 404; a second bevel gear 401 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the first rotating shaft 102; the left side of the middle pipeline 3 is rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft 402; a third bevel gear 403 is fixedly connected to the right end of the second rotating shaft 402; the third bevel gear 403 is meshed with the second bevel gear 401; an adjusting rotating wheel 404 is fixedly connected to the left end of the second rotating shaft 402.
After the blowout phenomenon is properly treated by an operator, high-pressure liquid is prevented, when the upward thrust of the high-pressure liquid is lost, the first elastic piece 7 in a compressed state pushes the middle pipeline 3, so that the upper side and the lower side of the middle pipeline 3 respectively slide downwards along the upper pipeline 4 and the lower pipeline 2, the fork arm 109 in a downward movement drives the first rotating shaft 102, the push arm 104 and the baffle 105 through the torsion spring 103 in a torsion state when leaving the stop lever 43, the sealing sphere 108 which loses the upward thrust of the high-pressure liquid is turned upwards to reset, leaves the sealing ring 42 and falls between the arc-shaped convex blocks of the two push arms 104, at the moment, the sealing sphere 108 is clamped between the push arm 104 and the middle pipeline 3 after reset and cannot enter the side pipeline 8, and then an operator is required to adjust an auxiliary unit to reset the sealing sphere 108.
The dropped sealing sphere 108 is clamped between the reset push arm 104 and the middle pipeline 3, then an operator manually rotates the adjusting rotary wheel 404 to drive the second rotary shaft 402 to rotate, the second rotary shaft 402 drives the third bevel gear 403 to rotate, meanwhile, the third bevel gear 403 is meshed with the second bevel gear 401 and drives the torsion spring 103 and the first rotary shaft 102 to twist downwards, the turned push arm 104 drives the baffle 105 to move downwards again, at the moment, the distance between the upper side of the push arm 104 and the middle pipeline 3 is pulled away, the sealing sphere 108 slides down obliquely along the push arm 104 into the side pipeline 8, after the operator hears the impact sound generated when the sealing sphere 108 slides down into the side pipeline 8, the rotating adjusting rotary wheel 404 is loosened, meanwhile, the torsion spring 103 in a twisted state drives the first rotary shaft 102, the push arm 104 and the baffle 105 to turn upwards again, the upturned baffle 105 pushes the sealing sphere 108, the push plate 107 and the second elastic member 106 are driven to compress the right side pipeline 8, meanwhile, the rotating first rotary shaft 102 drives the second bevel gear 401 to rotate, the second bevel gear 401 is meshed with the third bevel gear 403 and drives the second bevel gear 402 to rotate, the sealing sphere 108 to rotate, and the subsequent rotary shaft 404 can be maintained through the detection of the repair and repair the sealing sphere, and the repair equipment can be maintained normally, and the repair equipment is completed.
While the present disclosure has been shown and described with reference to certain exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The scope of the disclosure should, therefore, not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined not only by the following claims, but also by the equivalents of the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. The production tree with the blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function comprises a support pipeline (1), a lower pipeline (2), a middle pipeline (3), an upper pipeline (4), an oil pipe four-way (5), a side support frame (6), a first elastic piece (7) and a side pipeline (8); the upper side of the support pipeline (1) is communicated with a lower pipeline (2) through a flange; the upper side of the lower pipeline (2) is connected with a middle pipeline (3) in a sliding way; the inner upper side of the middle pipeline (3) is of an annular wing plate (31) structure; the upper side of the middle pipeline (3) is connected with an upper pipeline (4) in a sliding way; six sliding blocks (41) are arranged at the lower part of the outer side surface of the upper pipeline (4); the middle part of the inner side of the upper pipeline (4) is provided with a sealing ring (42) structure; the left part and the right part of the inner side of the upper pipeline (4) are respectively provided with a stop lever (43) structure; the lower ends of the two stop rods (43) are clung to the annular wing plate (31) of the middle pipeline (3); an oil pipe four-way joint (5) is connected to the upper side of the upper pipeline (4) through a flange; three side support frames (6) are fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer side surface of the surrounding upper pipeline (4); a first elastic piece (7) is fixedly connected between the three side support frames (6) and the middle pipeline (3); a side pipeline (8) is connected to the right side of the middle pipeline (3); the device is characterized by further comprising a blowout prevention unit, an emergency triggering unit and a pressure relief exhaust unit; the middle part of the inner side of the middle pipeline (3) is connected with a blowout prevention unit for preventing blowout; the right side of the blowout prevention unit is connected with a side pipeline (8); the upper part of the inner side of the middle pipeline (3) is connected with an emergency trigger unit for dredging out the exceeding hydraulic pressure; the upper side of the emergency triggering unit is connected with an upper pipeline (4); the outer side of the upper pipeline (4) is connected with a pressure relief exhaust unit for respectively collecting out-of-standard gas and out-of-standard liquid; the pressure relief exhaust unit is connected with three side support frames (6); the pressure relief exhaust unit is connected with the emergency trigger unit;
the blowout prevention unit comprises a fixed plate (101), a first rotating shaft (102), a torsion spring (103), a push arm (104), a baffle plate (105), a second elastic piece (106), a push plate (107), a sealing sphere (108) and a fork arm (109); the middle part of the inner left side of the middle pipeline (3) is fixedly connected with a fixed plate (101); the lower side of the fixed plate (101) is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft (102); a torsion spring (103) is fixedly connected between the first rotating shaft (102) and the fixed plate (101), and the torsion spring (103) is sleeved on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (102); the front end and the rear end of the first rotating shaft (102) are fixedly connected with a pushing arm (104) respectively; a baffle (105) is fixedly connected between the right ends of the two pushing arms (104); the inner right side of the side pipeline (8) is fixedly connected with a second elastic piece (106); the left end of the second elastic piece (106) is fixedly connected with a push plate (107); a sealing sphere (108) is arranged on the inner side of the side pipeline (8); the baffle plate (105) and the push plate (107) are respectively clung to the left side and the right side of the sealing sphere (108); a fork arm (109) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the push arm (104) positioned at the front side; the emergency triggering unit comprises a triggering block (201), a capillary pipeline (202), an L-shaped pressure relief pipeline (203), an oil guide pipe (207) and a pressure relief assembly; the inner sides of the six sliding blocks (41) of the upper pipeline (4) are fixedly connected with an L-shaped pressure relief pipeline (203) respectively; the inner sides of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines (203) are respectively connected with a pressure relief assembly; the upper ends of the six trigger components are respectively connected with an adjacent L-shaped pressure relief pipeline (203); the upper branch pipe parts of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines (203) are respectively communicated with an oil guide pipe (207); the six oil guide pipes (207) are connected with the pressure relief exhaust unit; six trigger blocks (201) are fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner side of the surrounding middle pipeline (3); the upper ends of the six trigger blocks (201) are respectively clung to an adjacent L-shaped pressure release pipeline (203); two capillary pipelines (202) are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the six trigger blocks (201); the upper and lower ends of the twelve capillary pipelines (202) are respectively communicated with an L-shaped pressure relief pipeline (203) and a middle pipeline (3); the pressure release assembly comprises a push rod (204), a third elastic part (205) and a sealing block (206); the inner upper sides of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines (203) are fixedly connected with a third elastic part (205) respectively; the lower ends of the six third elastic components (205) are fixedly connected with a sealing block (206) respectively; six sealing blocks (206) are respectively blocked at the upper end branch pipe parts of the adjacent L-shaped pressure release pipelines (203); the inner lower sides of the six L-shaped pressure relief pipelines (203) are respectively connected with a push rod (204) in a sliding way; six push rods (204) are fixedly connected with adjacent sealing blocks (206) respectively; the pressure relief exhaust unit comprises a driving motor (301), a first bevel gear (302), a lower annular groove body (303), an upper annular groove body (304), a bevel gear ring (305), a liquid collecting pipe (306) and a gas collecting pipe (307); the front side of the flange part of the upper pipeline (4) is fixedly connected with a driving motor (301) through a connecting block; the output shaft of the driving motor (301) is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear (302); a lower annular groove body (303) is fixedly connected between the three side support frames (6); the outer ends of the six oil guide pipes (207) are communicated with the lower annular groove body (303); the upper side of the lower annular groove body (303) is connected with an upper annular groove body (304) in a sliding way; the upper side of the upper annular groove body (304) is fixedly connected with a bevel ring (305); the first bevel gear (302) is meshed with the bevel ring (305); the lower part of the left side of the lower annular groove body (303) is communicated with a liquid collecting pipe (306); the upper part of the left side of the lower annular groove body (303) is communicated with a gas collecting pipe (307); the upper end of the gas collecting pipe (307) is fixedly connected with the upper pipeline (4) through a connecting block.
2. The christmas tree with the blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function according to claim 1, wherein the middle parts of the two pushing arms (104) are respectively provided with an arc-shaped structure protruding towards the middle pipeline (3).
3. A tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function according to claim 1 wherein the upper annular channel (304) and lower annular channel (303) form a complete annular conduit.
4. The christmas tree with blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of bump structures are arranged around the inner side surface of the upper annular groove body (304).
5. The christmas tree with the blowout prevention emergency risk avoidance function according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary unit, wherein the auxiliary unit is arranged on the middle pipeline (3) and comprises a second bevel gear (401), a second rotating shaft (402), a third bevel gear (403) and an adjusting rotating wheel (404); a second bevel gear (401) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the first rotating shaft (102); the left side of the middle pipeline (3) is rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft (402); a third bevel gear (403) is fixedly connected to the right end of the second rotating shaft (402); the third bevel gear (403) is meshed with the second bevel gear (401); the left end of the second rotating shaft (402) is fixedly connected with an adjusting rotating wheel (404).
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| CN114961624A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-30 | 李奇伟 | Prevent production tree well head sealing device of crude oil leakage |
| CN115637947B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-03-10 | 大庆市华禹石油机械制造有限公司 | Pressure relief type petroleum well head |
| CN117823080B (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-05-17 | 盐城市荣嘉机械制造有限公司 | Sand prevention plugging device |
| CN117905410B (en) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-05-28 | 大庆强弘科技有限公司 | Blowout-preventing sealing protection device for petroleum wellhead |
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