CN114520102A - 带直接液体冷却的可变电压电感器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本公开提供了“带直接液体冷却的可变电压电感器”。一种用于电机的转换器的电感器包括芯,所述芯限定被配置为在芯的外表面上接收变速器流体的通道。由绕组制成的线圈缠绕在芯上。绕组包封通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过油流动通路的油与绕组和芯两者直接接触以从绕组和芯吸收热量。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及冷却用于电动车辆的电机的电感器。
背景技术
一种用于混合动力电动车辆(HEV)中的可变电压转换器(VVC)的电力电感器包括芯,所述芯被铜线圈紧密缠绕,所述铜线圈隐藏芯。芯的未被线圈缠绕的未覆盖部分被端盖覆盖。
用于电感器的某些冷却***着重于例如通过相邻的冷板、热垫、热油脂或通过将油溅到电感器的线圈上来冷却暴露的线圈。芯是电感器内部最热的点。芯中的热量通过高度加热的线圈缓慢消散。在一些驱动条件下,当需要高的升压电压时,芯比线圈热得多。
预期在未来应用中使用碳化硅(SiC)MOSFET电路来增加开关频率和最大升压电压两者。预期碳化硅(SiC)MOSFET电路的变化导致更高的温度和增加的芯能量损耗。
发明内容
需要开发一种有效的方式来同时冷却混合动力电动车辆和其他类型的电动车辆的电机的电感器芯和线圈。本公开的实施例提供了一种直接冷却芯和线圈两者的解决方案,使得电感器内部最热的点可以利用变速器流体循环以直接接触电感器的芯来进行冷却。
根据本公开的一个方面,公开了一种用于电动车辆的电机的导体的电感器。电感器包括:芯,其限定被配置为在芯的外表面上接收油的通道;以及缠绕在芯上的绕组。绕组包封通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过油流动通路的油与绕组和芯两者直接接触以从绕组和芯吸收热量。
根据本公开的其他方面,当其涉及可以附接到支撑板的电感器时,电感器包括入口和出口,所述入口限定第一开口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油,所述出口限定第二开口,所述第二开口被配置为从通道排出油。
来自出口的油可以被引导到油循环***的导管。油循环***可以在压力下向入口提供油。通道可以是第一通道,并且导体还可以包括第二通道,所述第二通道被配置为在外表面上接收油,其中绕组包封第二通道的第二开口侧以限定第二油流动通路,其中流过第二油流动通路的油在芯上与第一通道间隔开的位置处与绕组和芯两者直接接触以从绕组和芯吸收热量。
第一通道可以限定在芯的第一表面上,并且第二通道可以限定在芯的第二表面上。第一表面和第二表面被取向成面向相反方向。
电感器还可以包括组装到支撑结构的芯和绕组。端盖可以包括入口,所述入口限定第一开口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油,由芯和绕组限定的出口可以被配置为从通道排出油。来自通道的油可以被排出以排入储油器中。
绕组的外表面可以被取向成使油溅到绕组的外表面上以冷却绕组。
根据本公开的另一个方面,公开了一种用于电动车辆的电机。电机可以包括具有电感器的可变电压导体,所述电感器包括芯,所述芯限定被配置为在外表面上接收油的通道。一个或多个线圈由缠绕在芯上的绕组组成。线圈包封通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路。流过油流动通路的油直接接触线圈和芯两者以吸收热量。线圈和芯被组装到支撑板或其他支撑结构。入口限定第一开口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油,并且出口限定第二开口,所述第二开口被配置为将油从通道排出到油循环***的导管。
本公开的另一方面是提供一种用于电动车辆的电机,所述电机包括可变电压导体,所述可变电压导体包括电感器。电感器包括限定通道的芯。通道在外表面上接收油。线圈缠绕在芯上并且包封通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路。流过油流动通路的油与线圈和芯两者直接接触以从线圈和芯吸收热量。端盖可以包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油。出口由芯和绕组限定并且被配置为从通道排出油。
下面将参考附图描述本公开的以上方面和其他方面。
附图说明
图1是包括用于推进车辆并存储来自再生制动***的动力的电机的电动车辆的图解视图。
图2是根据本公开的一个方面制成的可变电压导体的电感器的透视图。
图3是图2的电感器的透视图,其中端盖从芯移除。
图4是根据本公开的另一个方面制成的可变电压导体的电感器的透视图。
图5是图4的电感器的透视图,其中端盖从芯移除。
具体实施方式
所示实施例参考附图进行公开。然而,应理解,所公开的实施例意图仅为可以不同和替代形式来体现的示例。附图不一定按比例绘制;并且一些特征可能被放大或最小化以示出特定部件的细节。所公开的具体结构细节和功能细节不应被解释为是限制性的,而是作为教导本领域技术人员如何实践所公开的概念的代表性基础。
任何一个附图示出并参考任何一个附图描述的各个特征可以结合一个或多个其他附图中示出的特征以产生未明确示出或描述的实施例。所示特征的组合提供典型应用的代表性实施例。与本公开的教导一致的特征的各种组合和修改可以用于特定应用或实施方式。
参考图1,提供了示出电动化车辆10的示例的示意图。在该示例中,电动化车辆为插电式电动车辆10,然而,本文公开的可变电压导体12不限于此类车辆,并且可以在其他类型的电动车辆上使用。车辆10可以包括一个或多个电机14,所述一个或多个电机机械地连接到变速器16。电机14可能能够作为马达或发电机操作。混合动力变速器16机械地连接到发动机18和驱动轴20,所述驱动轴机械地连接到车轮22。电机14推进车辆10。电机14还可以作为发电机操作,其通过回收本来通常在摩擦制动***中作为热量损失的能量来提供燃料经济性益处。电机14还提供减小的污染物排放,因为车辆10可以以纯电动模式操作。
牵引电池24存储可以由电机14使用的能量。牵引电池24通常从牵引电池24内的一个或多个电池单元阵列(有时称为电池单元组)提供高电压DC输出。电池单元阵列可以包括一个或多个电池单元。牵引电池24通过包括一个或多个电感器(在图2至图5中示出)的VVC电连接到一个或多个电力电子模块46。电感器在断开时将牵引电池24与其他部件隔离,并且在闭合时将牵引电池24连接到其他部件。
DC/AC逆变器26还电连接到电机14并且在牵引电池24与电机14之间双向传送电能。例如,典型的牵引电池24提供DC电压,而电机14需要三相AC电压来运行。DC/AC逆变器26可以根据电机14的需要将DC电压转换为三相AC电压。在再生模式中,DC/AC逆变器26可以将来自充当发电机的电机14的三相AC电压转换为牵引电池24所需的DC电压。对于纯电动车辆而言,混合动力变速器16可以是连接到电机14的齿轮箱,并且发动机18将不存在。
除了提供用于推进的能量之外,牵引电池24还可以为其他车辆电气***提供能量。典型的***可以包括DC/DC转换器模块28,所述DC/DC转换器模块将牵引电池24的高电压DC输出转换成与低电压(“LV”)负载兼容的低电压DC供应。诸如压缩机和电加热器的其他高电压负载可以在不使用DC/DC转换器模块28的情况下直接连接到高电压。DC/DC电力转换器模块可以用作能够为插电式或混合动力电动车辆提供多级电感输出的升压转换器。在常规的内燃发动机动力车辆中,低电压***电连接到辅助电池32(例如,12伏电池)。
车辆10可以通过外部电源36(诸如充电器插座)再充电。外部电源36可以电连接到电动车辆供电设备(EVSE)38。EVSE 38可以提供电路和控件以调节和管理电源36与车辆10之间的电能传送。外部电源36可以向EVSE 38提供DC或AC电力。EVSE 38可以具有用于***车辆10的充电端口42中的EVSE连接器40。充电端口42可以是被配置为将电力从EVSE 38传送到车辆10的任何类型的端口。充电端口42可以电连接到充电器或车载电力转换模块44。电力转换模块44可以调节从EVSE 38供应的电力以向牵引电池24提供适当的电压和电流水平。电力转换模块44与EVSE 38介接以协调向车辆10的电力传送。电力转换模块44转换提供给电力电子模块46的电力。电力电子模块46继而由***控制器48控制。
参考图2和图3,可变电压转换器(“VVC”)12(在图1中示出)包括电感器49,所述电感器包括由线圈51和52缠绕的芯50。芯50包括由线圈51和52缠绕的第一桥臂50'和第二桥臂50”。第一端盖54包括入口56,并且第二端盖58包括出口60。通道62形成在芯50中。线圈51和52缠绕在芯50上并且跨通道62延伸以形成封闭空间或流体通路。
诸如变速器流体的流体(未示出)被供应到入口56并流过通道62。流体在芯50与线圈52之间的通道62中流动,以同时冷却芯50和线圈52两者。流体从通道62通过出口60排放到流体循环***64,所述流体循环***优选地为变速器流体循环***的一部分。
参考图4和图5,示出了用于VVC 12的电感器70的替代实施例,所述电感器包括芯72和缠绕在芯72的第一桥臂76上的第一线圈74。第二线圈78缠绕在芯72的第二桥臂80上。包括流体入口端口84的端盖82设置在芯72的第一端上。
通道86形成在芯72中。线圈74和78分别缠绕在第一桥臂76和第二桥臂80上,并且跨通道86延伸以形成封闭的通路86'和86”。变速器流体被供应到入口84并流过通道86以及通路86'和86”。变速器流体与芯72及通路86'和86”中的线圈74直接接触并在所述芯与所述线圈之间流动,以同时冷却芯72和线圈74两者。流体在芯的与端盖82相对的端88上从通道86排出。两个通路86'和86”将流体从电感器70排放到变速器16底部的储油器90中。
上述实施例是未描述本公开的所有可能形式的具体示例。可以组合所示实施例的特征以形成所公开概念的其他实施例。说明书中使用的词语是描述性的而非限制性的。随附权利要求的范围比具体公开的实施例更宽,并且包括所示实施例的修改。
根据本发明,提供了一种用于电动车辆的电机的可变电压导体的电感器,所述电感器具有:芯,其限定被配置为在外表面上接收油的通道;以及缠绕在芯上的绕组,所述绕组包封通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过油流动通路的油与绕组和芯两者直接接触以从绕组和芯吸收热量。
根据一个实施例,上述发明的特征还在于:第一端盖,其包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油;以及第二端盖,其包括限定第二开口的出口,所述第二开口被配置为从通道排出油。
根据一个实施例,来自出口的油被引导到油循环***的导管。
根据一个实施例,油循环***在压力下向入口提供油。
根据一个实施例,通道是第一通道,电感器还包括:第二通道,所述第二通道被配置为在外表面上接收油,其中绕组包封第二通道的第二开口侧以限定第二油流动通路,其中流过第二油流动通路的油在芯上与第一通道间隔开的位置处与绕组和芯两者直接接触以从绕组和芯吸收热量。
根据一个实施例,第一通道限定在芯的第一表面上,并且第二通道限定在芯的第二表面上。
根据一个实施例,上述发明的特征还在于:第一端盖,其包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油;以及第二端盖,其限定出口,所述出口被配置为从通道排出油。
根据一个实施例,来自通道的油被排出以排入储油器中。
根据一个实施例,绕组的外表面被取向成使油溅到绕组的外表面上以冷却绕组。
根据本发明,提供了一种用于电动车辆的电机,所述电机具有:可变电压导体,所述可变电压导体包括电感器,所述电感器包括:芯,其限定被配置为在外表面上接收油的通道;以及缠绕在芯上的线圈,所述线圈包封通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过油流动通路的油与线圈和芯两者直接接触以从线圈和芯吸收热量;以及第一端盖和第二端盖,所述第一端盖包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油,所述第二端盖限定出口,所述出口限定第二开口,所述第二开口被配置为将油从通道排出到油循环***的导管。
根据一个实施例,油循环***在压力下向入口提供油。
根据一个实施例,通道是第一通道,电感器包括:第二通道,所述第二通道被配置为在外表面上接收油,其中线圈包封第二通道的第二开口侧以限定第二油流动通路,其中流过第二油流动通路的油在芯上与第一通道间隔开的位置处与线圈和芯两者直接接触以从线圈和芯吸收热量。
根据一个实施例,第一通道限定在芯的第一表面上,并且第二通道限定在芯的第二表面上。
根据一个实施例,线圈的外表面被取向成使油飞溅到线圈的外表面上以冷却线圈。
根据一个实施例,油循环***在压力下向入口提供油。
根据本发明,提供了一种用于电动车辆的电机,所述电机具有:可变电压导体,所述可变电压导体包括电感器,所述电感器包括:芯,其限定被配置为在外表面上接收油的通道;以及缠绕在芯上的线圈,所述线圈包封通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过油流动通路的油与线圈和芯两者直接接触以从线圈和芯吸收热量;端盖,其包括入口和出口,所述入口限定第一开口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向通道供应油,所述出口由芯和绕组限定,所述出口被配置为将油从通道排出。
根据一个实施例,通道是第一通道,电感器包括:第二通道,所述第二通道被配置为在外表面上接收油,其中线圈包封第二通道的第二开口侧以限定第二油流动通路,其中流过第二油流动通路的油在芯上与第一通道间隔开的位置处与线圈和芯两者直接接触以从线圈和芯吸收热量。
根据一个实施例,第一通道限定在芯的第一表面上,并且第二通道限定在芯的第二表面上,其中第一表面和第二表面间隔开。根据一个实施例,来自通道的油被排出以排入储油器中。根据一个实施例,油循环***在压力下向入口提供油。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于电动车辆的电机的可变电压导体的电感器,所述电感器包括:
芯,其限定被配置为在外表面上接收油的通道;以及
缠绕在所述芯上的绕组,所述绕组包封所述通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过所述油流动通路的油与所述绕组和所述芯两者直接接触以从所述绕组和所述芯吸收热量。
2.如权利要求1所述的电感器,其还包括:
第一端盖,其包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向所述通道供应油;以及
第二端盖,其包括限定第二开口的出口,所述第二开口被配置为从所述通道排出油。
3.如权利要求2所述的电感器,其中来自所述出口的油被引导到所述油循环***的导管。
4.如权利要求2所述的电感器,其中所述油循环***在压力下向所述入口提供油。
5.如权利要求1所述的电感器,其中所述通道是第一通道,所述电感器还包括:
第二通道,其被配置为在所述外表面上接收油,其中所述绕组包封所述第二通道的第二开口侧以限定第二油流动通路,其中流过所述第二油流动通路的油在所述芯上与所述第一通道间隔开的位置处与所述绕组和所述芯两者直接接触以从所述绕组和所述芯吸收热量。
6.如权利要求1所述的电感器,其还包括:
第一端盖,其包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向所述通道供应油;以及
第二端盖,其限定出口,所述出口被配置为从所述通道排出油。
7.如权利要求6所述的电感器,其中来自所述通道的油被排出以排入储油器中。
8.一种用于电动化车辆的电机,所述电机包括:
可变电压导体,其包括电感器,所述电感器包括:芯,其限定被配置为在外表面上接收油的通道;以及缠绕在所述芯上的线圈,所述线圈包封所述通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过所述油流动通路的油与所述线圈和所述芯两者直接接触以从所述线圈和所述芯吸收热量;以及
第一端盖和第二端盖,所述第一端盖包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向所述通道供应油,所述第二端盖限定出口,所述出口限定第二开口,所述第二开口被配置为将油从所述通道排出到所述油循环***的导管。
9.如权利要求8所述的电机,其中所述通道是第一通道,所述电机包括:
第二通道,其被配置为在外表面上接收油,其中所述线圈包封所述第二通道的第二开口侧以限定第二油流动通路,其中流过所述第二油流动通路的油在所述芯上与所述第一通道间隔开的位置处与所述线圈和所述芯两者直接接触以从所述线圈和所述芯吸收热量。
10.如权利要求9所述的电机,其中所述第一通道限定在所述芯的第一表面上,并且所述第二通道限定在所述芯的第二表面上。
11.一种用于电动化车辆的电机,所述电机包括:
可变电压导体,其包括电感器,所述电感器包括:芯,其限定被配置为在外表面上接收油的通道;以及缠绕在所述芯上的线圈,所述线圈包封所述通道的开口侧以限定油流动通路,其中流过所述油流动通路的油与所述线圈和所述芯两者直接接触以从所述线圈和所述芯吸收热量;
端盖,其包括限定第一开口的入口,所述第一开口被配置为从油循环***向所述通道供应油;以及
由所述芯和所述绕组限定的出口,所述出口被配置为从所述通道排出油。
12.如权利要求11所述的电机,其中所述通道是第一通道,所述电机包括:
第二通道,其被配置为在外表面上接收油,其中所述线圈包封所述第二通道的第二开口侧以限定第二油流动通路,其中流过所述第二油流动通路的油在所述芯上与所述第一通道间隔开的位置处与所述线圈和所述芯两者直接接触以从所述线圈和所述芯吸收热量。
13.如权利要求12所述的电机,其中所述第一通道限定在所述芯的第一表面上,并且所述第二通道限定在所述芯的第二表面上,其中所述第一表面和所述第二表面间隔开。
14.如权利要求11所述的电机,其中来自所述通道的油被排出以排入储油器中。
15.如权利要求11所述的电机,其中所述油循环***在压力下向所述入口提供油。
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