CN114517595B - Assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114517595B CN114517595B CN202210236082.4A CN202210236082A CN114517595B CN 114517595 B CN114517595 B CN 114517595B CN 202210236082 A CN202210236082 A CN 202210236082A CN 114517595 B CN114517595 B CN 114517595B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
- E04G23/0222—Replacing or adding wall ties
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
- E04G23/0237—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements of storey floors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/027—Preventive constructional measures against earthquake damage in existing buildings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of reinforcement of existing walls, wherein the reinforcement device comprises a plurality of prefabricated reinforcement unit plates, connecting pieces for fixing the prefabricated reinforcement unit plates and the existing walls, an assembled ring beam and an assembled constructional column, and the prefabricated reinforcement unit plates consist of prefabricated concrete plates and pre-buried steel plates; the prefabricated reinforcement unit plates comprise reinforcement plates A and reinforcement plates B, and the vertical connection plates of the reinforcement plates A and the vertical connection plates of the reinforcement plates B are mutually staggered and meshed to realize the splicing of the reinforcement plates A and the reinforcement plates B; the reinforcing plates A and B are connected with the interlayer assembly ring beam through connecting pieces, and the assembly ring beam is connected with the assembly constructional column through welding. The prefabricated component can be flexibly installed, factory prefabrication is realized, site wet operation is reduced, the prefabricated component can be selectively installed at a position with larger or weaker stress, reinforcing efficiency is optimized, quality control is facilitated, energy conservation and emission reduction are realized, construction period is shortened, and comprehensive cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reinforcement of existing walls, in particular to an assembled reinforcement existing masonry structure system and a construction method thereof.
Background
The last earthquake injury in China in recent ten years shows that masonry structures lacking earthquake-proof measures are difficult to survive in strong earthquakes, and existing old houses, especially old houses before the 80 th century, are limited by the current social economy and technical level, and have low earthquake-proof capacity and are difficult to resist the current fortification earthquake. The structure is collapsed in a large amount in the earthquake in the recent year to cause serious casualties, and the earthquake resistance is improved by urgent need for earthquake resistance reinforcement.
Among the traditional reinforcement modes, one of the most commonly used reinforcement modes is to reinforce one side or two sides of a wall body by adding a reinforcing mesh mortar surface layer and a reinforced concrete surface layer, but the construction mode requires residence or office personnel to migrate, so that the placement cost is increased, a large amount of wet operation is required on site, the environmental impact is large, and the construction period is long. Along with the mature application of the assembly type technology, the advantages of the assembly type technology are gradually revealed, and the cooperative work of new and old materials is ensured through reliable connection, so that the application of the assembly type technology in the reinforcement of the existing masonry structure becomes reality. Compared with the traditional reinforcing mode, the reinforcing method has the advantages of high production efficiency, short construction period and small influence on the surrounding environment. However, the current research is mostly carried out by sticking concrete plates on the whole wall or adding shear walls on the outer side, and the mode needs to produce precast reinforced concrete plates according to the specific size of the reinforced house wall, has higher requirements on manufacturing precision, has longer reinforcing period, can not achieve mass production effect, and affects popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical task of the invention is to provide an assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system and a construction method thereof aiming at the defects, which can realize flexible installation of prefabricated components, can realize local and integral unlimited construction, can be selectively installed at a position with larger stress or weak stress, and optimize the reinforcing efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an assembled reinforced masonry structure system comprises a plurality of prefabricated reinforced unit plates and connecting and fixing plates for fixing the prefabricated reinforced unit plates and the existing wall,
the precast reinforcement unit plate consists of a precast concrete plate and an embedded steel plate, wherein horizontal ribs and vertical ribs are uniformly arranged in the precast concrete plate, and the embedded steel plate is provided with a horizontal plate in embedded connection with the precast concrete plate and a vertical connecting plate fixed with the horizontal plate; the vertical ribs upwards penetrate through the horizontal plate of the pre-buried steel plate at the top of the precast concrete plate and are fixedly connected with the horizontal plate;
the prefabricated reinforcement unit plates comprise reinforcement plates A and reinforcement plates B, and the vertical connection plates of the reinforcement plates A and the vertical connection plates of the reinforcement plates B are mutually overlapped and matched to realize the splicing of the reinforcement plates A and the reinforcement plates B; connecting holes are respectively formed in the corresponding positions of the vertical connecting plates of the reinforcing plate A and the vertical connecting plates of the reinforcing plate B; preformed holes are formed in precast concrete plates of the reinforcing plates A and B;
the connecting and fixing plate comprises transverse fixed angle steel, vertical fixed angle steel and a connecting plate, wherein the transverse fixed angle steel and the vertical fixed angle steel are fixed through the connecting plate, the transverse fixed angle steel is provided with unit plate fixing holes according to reserved holes of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates to be fixed, and are uniformly provided with floor fixing holes, and the vertical fixed angle steel is uniformly provided with wall fixing holes;
the connecting plate comprises a transverse connecting plate, an L-shaped connecting plate and an end connecting plate, wherein the transverse connecting plate is used for connecting transverse fixed angle steel and vertical fixed angle steel in a vertical plane, the L-shaped connecting plate is used for connecting transverse fixed angle steel and vertical fixed angle steel in a horizontal plane, and the end connecting plate is used for connecting the vertical fixed angle steel or the end of the transverse fixed angle steel with the existing floor slab/roof or side wall.
The transverse fixed angle steel and the vertical fixed angle steel respectively form an assembled ring beam and an assembled constructional column, the reinforcing plates A and B are connected with the interlayer assembled ring beam through connecting pieces, and the assembled ring beam is connected with the assembled constructional column through welding; a reinforcing system capable of improving vertical bearing capacity and earthquake resistance is formed.
The reinforcing device is used for reinforcing the existing wall, the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates can be selected to be installed at the positions needing to be reinforced, and the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are processed in a factory, so that the quality control is facilitated; the angle steel and the connecting plate are adopted for connection installation, so that the traditional construction of the reinforced mesh mortar surface layer and the reinforced concrete surface layer is replaced, the energy conservation and emission reduction are facilitated, the construction efficiency is improved, the construction is convenient, the construction period can be shortened, and the comprehensive cost is reduced; the construction can be carried out locally and wholly without limitation, and the problem that houses are required to be emptied and stopped during reinforcement is solved.
Preferably, the prefabricated reinforcement unit board is produced in a modular prefabricated mode, namely if the modulus is m, the prefabricated concrete board is a square board with m multiplied by m; the modulus comprises 600mm and 900mm, and the height of the embedded steel plate is 200mm.
The prefabricated components in a modular mode are adopted, so that industrial production can be realized, the production efficiency is improved, the application is convenient, the prefabricated components in a proper modulus are selected for reinforcement when the wall body needs to be reinforced, and the problems that prefabricated plates are required to be produced according to the specific size of the reinforced house wall body in the existing reinforcement mode, the period is long, the efficiency is low, and mass production cannot be achieved are solved.
Preferably, in order to ensure the connection stability of the precast reinforced unit plates, the number of the reserved holes is 5, the precast reinforced unit plates comprise 1 hole in the center of the precast concrete plate and 4 holes which are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the precast concrete plate in a rectangular shape by taking the hole as the center, and the distance between the two reserved holes on the upper side and the lower side of the precast concrete plate is 1/2 of the side length.
Further, the number of the connecting holes is two, and the two connecting holes are positioned on the same vertical central line with the two holes on the upper/lower two sides of the precast concrete board.
Preferably, the U-shaped vertical ribs are fixed with the horizontal plate of the embedded steel plate by spot welding.
Preferably, the reinforcing device further comprises a connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece is used for connecting the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates with an existing wall, connecting the fixing plate with the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates, connecting the fixing plate with the existing wall and connecting the fixing plate with a floor slab, the connecting piece comprises a counter-pulling screw and an anchoring steel strand, the anchoring steel strand comprises an anchoring piece and a prestress steel strand, and the anchoring piece is provided with a steel strand through hole positioned in the center and grouting holes symmetrically arranged on two sides of the steel strand through hole.
Under the action of earthquake, the masonry wall is broken in most X-shaped cracks or window angle horizontal cracks of the inter-window wall, so that only the inter-window wall and the window side wall can be reinforced. The reinforcing device adopts prefabricated reinforcing units in an assembled mode, and is designed in a modularized mode, and the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates with proper quantity and modulus can be selected according to the requirement and are directly arranged at the designated positions, so that the reinforcing device has an effective reinforcing effect.
The invention also discloses a construction method for reinforcing the existing wall, which uses the existing wall reinforcing device to reinforce the existing wall,
one or more groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are selected to be fixed on the wall to be reinforced, and when the wall to be reinforced needs to be integrally reinforced, one group of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are fixed on the central line position of the wall or the groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are uniformly arranged on the wall to be reinforced; when the wall to be reinforced needs to be locally reinforced, selecting a reinforcing unit to be fixed at a designated position;
splicing the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B, wherein the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B are respectively stuck to the wall surface to be reinforced, and the spliced part is fixed on the wall surface to be reinforced through anchoring steel strands; the end, far away from the splicing part, of the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B is fixed on the wall surface to be reinforced through transverse fixed angle steel respectively, namely, the fixation of the prefabricated reinforcing unit plate, the transverse fixed angle steel and the wall surface to be reinforced is realized through a unit plate fixing hole formed in one side surface of the transverse fixed angle steel, and the fixation of the transverse fixed angle steel and the bottom plate or the top plate is realized through a floor plate fixing hole formed in the other side surface of the transverse fixed angle steel;
the both ends of horizontal fixed angle steel extend to the vertical wall of waiting to consolidate wall body both sides and are fixed through vertical fixed angle steel, realize the fixed of vertical fixed angle steel and vertical wall through the wall body fixed orifices on the vertical fixed angle steel promptly, and horizontal fixed angle steel passes through the connecting plate with vertical fixed angle steel to be connected, and then realizes the fixed of horizontal fixed angle steel and vertical wall, the fixed of vertical fixed angle steel and floor/roof.
Furthermore, the reinforcement of the existing wall body selects single-side panel reinforcement or double-side panel reinforcement according to the stress analysis of the wall body,
the single-side panel is reinforced, and one or more groups of prefabricated reinforced unit plates are selected to be fixed on one side surface of the wall to be reinforced;
two or more groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates which are symmetrical to each other are selected for reinforcing the double-sided panel and are respectively fixed on two side surfaces of the wall body to be reinforced, and the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates on the two side surfaces of the wall body to be reinforced are symmetrically arranged.
Preferably, the reinforcing unit is a rectangular reinforcing unit formed by splicing a group of mutually matched reinforcing plates A and B; when the wall to be reinforced is a plurality of floors, the group of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are reinforced, and a plurality of reinforcing units spliced by the reinforcing plates A and the reinforcing plates B are vertically arranged to form a row of reinforcing belts; the plurality of groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are reinforced, so that a plurality of rows of reinforcing strips formed by the reinforcing units are formed;
and (3) locally reinforcing the wall to be reinforced, and installing the reinforcing unit spliced by the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B at the appointed position.
The vertical fixed angle steel and the vertical wall are fixed by adopting opposite-pull screws, and the opposite-pull screws on the vertical walls at two sides are symmetrically arranged;
the opposite-pulling screws are arranged between floors and symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the central opposite-pulling screw until reaching the floor/bottom plate, and the interval ratio is 17.5:37.5:37.5:7.5. The opposite-pulling screw rods positioned at the center have smaller space, and the opposite-pulling screw rods at the upper end and the lower end are uniformly distributed near the floor slab and the rest positions.
Preferably, the scheme for selecting and determining the prefabricated modulus for the prefabricated reinforcing unit panel 2 is as follows: carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the test model by adopting a finite element parameterization analysis method, comparing and determining test research parameters, verifying the feasibility of a test scheme and the effectiveness of a reinforcement method by analyzing the damage phenomenon and stress mechanism of a test member, and optimizing and determining the test scheme;
by a quasi-static test method, the deformation, crack, stress and other change phenomena of the test member in the test process before and after reinforcement are compared and researched, and the stress deformation curve, the reciprocating hysteresis curve and the cooperative working characteristics of new and old materials and the weak links and stress mechanism of the member are analyzed; according to experimental study analysis results, optimizing a node connection construction form, and selecting a proper prefabricated reinforcement unit plate 2 and a fixed position thereof to obtain a reinforcement measure of the integral earthquake resistance of the existing masonry structure;
and analyzing the bearing capacity of the reinforced member, and determining the assembly type reinforcing scheme of the existing masonry structure and the intelligent assembly type reinforcing construction process of the existing masonry structure.
Compared with the prior art, the assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system and the construction method have the following beneficial effects:
the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates can be subjected to industrial processing, and the prefabricated reinforcing mode can shorten the construction period, reduce the use influence on owners, reduce wet operation and reduce the influence on the surrounding environment. The pre-tensioning screw rods or the pre-stress steel strands are adopted for connection, so that the cooperative work of the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates and the original masonry structure can be ensured; the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are flexible to install, and can be installed at the position with larger or weaker stress selectively, so that the reinforcing efficiency is optimized.
The reinforcing device solves the assembly connection between reinforcing plates, between reinforcing plates and existing walls, between upper and lower floors through floors and between longitudinal and transverse walls, and can realize reinforcing and enhancing. The assembly type technology is installed and constructed, manual investment is reduced, safety and environment friendliness are achieved, and the defects of large space requirement and manpower and material resource investment are overcome.
The construction method can directly install the prefabricated reinforcement member with modulus and mass production on the existing masonry wall for reinforcement, is beneficial to quality control, energy conservation and emission reduction, shortens construction period, reduces comprehensive cost, and overcomes the defects of wet operation, long construction period and large environmental impact; the intelligent mechanical assembly type technology can be adopted for installation and construction, so that the labor investment is reduced, and the intelligent mechanical assembly type installation and construction system is safe and green.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of an assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the overall installation of another fabricated reinforced existing masonry structure system provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation location and connection of an assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the installation locations and connections of another fabricated reinforced existing masonry structure system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the installation location and connection of yet another fabricated reinforced existing masonry structure system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1-1;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, shown at 1-1;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view as indicated at 2-2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, shown at 3-3;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the web portion of FIG. 3;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view as indicated by 4-4 in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of reinforcement of a prefabricated reinforced cell panel;
FIG. 13 is a side view of the prefabricated reinforcing unit panel shown in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of preformed holes of a preformed reinforcement unit panel;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of preformed holes of a preformed reinforcement unit panel provided in another embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a side view of a prefabricated reinforcing unit panel of type A;
FIG. 17 is a side view of a prefabricated reinforcing unit panel of type B;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the connector shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 19 is a diagram of the anchor disc construction of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a side view of the anchor disc of FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the structure of an L-shaped connection plate;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the structure of the end connection;
FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 at 3-3 when a single-sided panel is installed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, 2-2, when a single-sided panel is installed, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, the existing wall body, 2, prefabricated reinforcing unit plates, 2-1, precast concrete plates, 2-2, pre-buried steel plates, 2-A, reinforcing plates A,2-B, reinforcing plates B,3, vertical fixing angle steel, 4, horizontal fixing angle steel, 5, floor, 6, floor fixing holes, 7, unit plate fixing holes, 8, connecting holes, 9, reserved holes, 10, opposite-pulling screws, 11, horizontal connecting plates, 12, L-shaped connecting plates, 13, end connecting plates, 13-1, end plate openings, 14, prestressed steel strands, 15, pin keys, 16, anchoring parts, 16-1, steel strand holes, 16-2, grouting holes, 17, U-shaped vertical ribs, 18 and horizontal ribs.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
The masonry structure is low in cost, simple to construct and convenient to obtain materials, most urban houses, office buildings and rural autonomous houses in the 80 s and before adopt the masonry structure, and the economic level of China is improved, so that higher requirements are put forward on the earthquake-proof fortification level of the building; or the functions of the masonry structure are changed, so that the earthquake-proof fortification level, earthquake-proof measures and earthquake-proof bearing capacity of the original structure need to be rechecked and checked according to the existing building earthquake-proof design standard GB 50011-2010; still a small part of masonry structures are close to the design service life, if the masonry structures are used continuously, the masonry structures are required to be identified and evaluated again according to the reliability identification standard of civil buildings GB50292-2015 and the earthquake identification standard of buildings GB 50023-2009; the above type of building requires security and shock resistance reinforcement. Most masonry structure houses are currently put into use, most owners hope to be capable of constructing quickly and shortening construction period, meanwhile, the use is not affected as much as possible, and the masonry structure is reinforced by assembly technology, so that the requirements of quick construction of the owners and normal use are met.
The embodiment of the invention provides an assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system, which comprises a plurality of prefabricated reinforced unit plates 2 and connecting and fixing plates for fixing the prefabricated reinforced unit plates and an existing wall body 1.
As shown in fig. 12-17, the precast reinforced unit board 2 is composed of a precast concrete board 2-1 and an embedded steel board 2-2, wherein horizontal ribs 18 and U-shaped vertical ribs 17 are uniformly arranged in the precast concrete board 2-1, and the embedded steel board 2-2 is provided with a horizontal board in embedded connection with the precast concrete board 2-1 and a vertical connecting board fixed with the horizontal board; the vertical ribs 17 penetrate through the horizontal plate of the pre-buried steel plate 2-2 upwards at the top of the precast concrete plate 2-1 and are fixed with the horizontal plate in a spot welding mode.
The prefabricated reinforcement unit board 2 comprises two types of reinforcement boards, namely a reinforcement board A2-A and a reinforcement board B2-B, wherein the vertical connection boards of the reinforcement board A2-A and the reinforcement board B2-B are mutually overlapped and matched, so that the reinforcement board A2-A and the reinforcement board B2-B are spliced; connecting holes 8 are respectively formed in the corresponding positions of the vertical connecting plates of the reinforcing plates A2-A and the vertical connecting plates of the reinforcing plates B2-B; preformed holes 9 are arranged on precast concrete boards of the reinforcing plates A2-A and B2-B. As shown in fig. 16 and 17, there are side views of two types of reinforcement plates; as shown in fig. 1, 8 and 24, the reinforcing plates A2-a and B2-B are assembled.
The prefabricated reinforcement unit plates 2 are produced in a modular prefabricated mode, namely if the modulus is m, the prefabricated concrete plates are square plates with m multiplied by m; in this embodiment, the modulus includes 600mm and 900mm, that is, includes a square plate of 600mm×600mm and a square plate of 900mm×900mm of precast concrete panel, and the height of the pre-buried steel panel is 200mm. And selecting a prefabricated reinforcing unit plate 2 with a proper modulus according to the reinforcing area and the requirement for installation and reinforcement.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, in order to ensure the connection stability of the precast reinforced unit board 2, the number of the reserved holes 9 is 5, the precast reinforced unit board comprises 1 hole in the center of the precast concrete board 2-1 and 4 holes which are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the precast concrete board in a rectangular shape with the hole as the center, and the distance between the two holes on the upper/lower sides of the precast concrete board 2-1 is 1/2 of the side length;
the number of the connecting holes 8 is two, and the two connecting holes 8 and the two reserved holes 9 on the upper/lower two sides of the precast concrete slab 2-1 are positioned on the same vertical central line.
The connecting and fixing plate comprises a transverse fixing angle steel 4, a vertical fixing angle steel 3 and a connecting plate, wherein the transverse fixing angle steel 4 is fixed with the vertical fixing angle steel 3 through the connecting plate, the transverse fixing angle steel 4 is provided with unit plate fixing holes 7 according to preformed holes 9 of the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 to be fixed, and is provided with floor fixing holes 6 uniformly, and the vertical fixing angle steel 3 is provided with wall fixing holes uniformly. When the prefabricated reinforced unit plates 2 are installed, the unit plate fixing holes 7 correspond to the reserved holes 9 of the prefabricated reinforced unit plates 2 and are fixed with the existing wall 1 through connecting pieces; the floor fixing holes 6 are used for fixing the transverse fixing angle steel 4 with the existing wall 1 through connecting pieces; the wall body fixing holes of the vertical fixing angle steel 3 are used for fixing the vertical fixing angle steel 3 with the existing wall body 1 on the side edge through the connecting piece.
The webs include a transverse web 11, an L-shaped web 12 and an end web 13. The transverse connection plate 11 is used for connecting the transverse fixing angle steel 4 with the vertical fixing angle steel 3 in a vertical plane, the L-shaped connection plate 12 is used for connecting the transverse fixing angle steel 4 with the vertical fixing angle steel 3 in a horizontal plane, the end connection plate 13 is used for connecting the vertical fixing angle steel 3 or the end part of the transverse fixing angle steel 4 with the existing floor slab 5/roof or side wall, and the end connection plate 13 is provided with an end plate opening 13-1 for connecting and fixing a connecting piece. Through using transverse connection board 11, L shape connecting plate 12 and tip connecting plate 13, guarantee transverse fixed angle steel 4 and vertical fixed angle steel 3, vertical fixed angle steel 3 and floor 5, transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the connection of side wall, solve the reinforcing plate between, reinforcing plate and the existing wall body 1, go up and down the floor and wear the floor, the assembly connection problem between the aspect wall.
The reinforcing device further comprises connecting pieces, wherein the connecting pieces are used for connecting and fixing the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates, the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 and the existing wall body 1, connecting and fixing the plates and the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 and the connecting and fixing the plates and the existing wall body 1, and connecting and fixing the plates and the floor 5, the reinforcing device comprises a counter screw 10 and anchoring steel strands, each anchoring steel strand comprises an anchoring piece 16, a pin key 15 and a prestress steel strand 14, and the anchoring piece 16 is provided with a steel strand via hole 16-1 positioned in the center and grouting holes 16-2 symmetrically arranged on two sides of the steel strand via hole 16-1, as shown in fig. 8 and 18-20.
The reinforcing device is used for reinforcing the existing wall, the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 can be selected to be installed at the position to be reinforced, and the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 are processed in a factory, so that the quality control is facilitated; adopt horizontal fixed angle steel 4, vertical fixed angle steel 3 and connecting plate to connect the installation, realize the firm fixed of prefabricated reinforcement unit board 2. The reinforcing device replaces the traditional construction of the reinforced mesh mortar surface layer and the reinforced concrete surface layer, is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction, improves the construction efficiency, is convenient to construct, can shorten the construction period and reduces the comprehensive cost; the defects of wet operation, long construction period and large environmental influence are overcome; the construction can be carried out locally and wholly without limitation, and the problem that houses are required to be emptied and stopped during reinforcement is solved.
Under the action of earthquake, the masonry wall is broken in most X-shaped cracks or window angle horizontal cracks of the inter-window wall, so that only the inter-window wall and the window side wall can be reinforced. The prefabricated components which can be produced in mass mode are directly installed on the masonry wall, so that the reinforcement effect is achieved.
The prefabricated components in a modular mode are adopted, so that industrial production can be realized, the production efficiency is improved, the application is convenient, the prefabricated components in a proper modulus are selected for reinforcement when the wall body needs to be reinforced, and the problems that prefabricated plates are required to be produced according to the specific size of the reinforced house wall body in the existing reinforcement mode, the period is long, the efficiency is low, and mass production cannot be achieved are solved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a construction method for reinforcing the existing wall, which uses the existing wall reinforcing device described in the embodiment to reinforce the existing wall.
When the existing wall 1 is reinforced, one or more groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 are selected to be fixed on the wall to be reinforced according to calculation, and when the wall to be reinforced needs to be integrally reinforced, one group of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 are fixed on the central line of the wall or the groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are uniformly arranged on the wall to be reinforced; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, there are schematic views of the installation structure of a set of prefabricated reinforcing unit panels 2 and a plurality of sets of prefabricated reinforcing unit panels 2, respectively.
When the wall to be reinforced needs to be locally reinforced, the reinforcing unit is selected to be fixed at a designated position.
The reinforcing unit is a rectangular reinforcing unit formed by splicing a group of mutually matched reinforcing plates A2-A and reinforcing plates B2-B, and the prefabricated reinforcing unit plate 2 between one floor as shown in figure 1 is a reinforcing unit; the reinforcement plate A2-A and the reinforcement plate B2-B are fixed with the existing wall body 1 through the prestress steel strand 14, the pin key 15 and the anchoring piece 16, and the other ends of the reinforcement plate A2-A and the reinforcement plate B2-B are respectively fixed with the existing wall body 1 through the transverse fixed angle steel 4; when the wall to be reinforced is a plurality of floors, the group of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are reinforced, and a plurality of reinforcing units formed by splicing the reinforcing plates A2-A and the reinforcing plates B2-B are vertically arranged to form a row of reinforcing belts; and reinforcing the plurality of groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates to form a plurality of rows of reinforcing strips formed by the reinforcing units.
And (3) installing the reinforcing unit spliced by the reinforcing plate A2-A and the reinforcing plate B2-B at the appointed position when the wall to be reinforced is locally reinforced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6-8, during installation, splicing the reinforcing plates A2-A and B2-B, wherein the reinforcing plates A2-A and B2-B are respectively stuck to a wall surface to be reinforced, and the spliced part is fixed on the existing wall body 1 through anchoring steel strands; one ends of the reinforcing plates A2-A and the reinforcing plates B2-B, which are far away from the splicing part, are respectively fixed on the existing wall body 1 through transverse fixed angle steel 4, namely, the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2, the transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the existing wall body 1 are fixed through unit plate fixing holes 7 formed in one side face of the transverse fixed angle steel 4, and the transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the floor 5 are fixed through floor fixing holes 6 formed in the other side face of the transverse fixed angle steel 4.
The two ends of the transverse fixed angle steel 4 extend to vertical walls on two sides of a wall to be reinforced and are fixed through the vertical fixed angle steel 3, namely, the vertical fixed angle steel 3 and the vertical walls are fixed through wall fixing holes in the vertical fixed angle steel 3 by using opposite-pull screws 10; the transverse fixed angle steel 4 is connected with the vertical fixed angle steel 3 through a connecting plate, namely, the connection of the transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the vertical fixed angle steel 3 in a vertical plane is connected through a transverse connecting plate 11, the connection of the transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the vertical fixed angle steel 3 in a horizontal plane is connected through an L-shaped connecting plate 12, end connecting plates 13 are welded and fixed at the ends of the transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the vertical fixed angle steel 3 respectively, and the end parts of the vertical fixed angle steel 3 or the transverse fixed angle steel 4 are connected and fixed with the existing floor slab 5/roof slab or side wall, so that the fixation of the transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the vertical wall and the fixation of the vertical fixed angle steel 3 and the floor slab 5 are realized.
The fixing of the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates 2 is realized through the mutual fixing of the transverse fixing angle steel 4 and the vertical fixing angle steel 3 and the existing wall body 1; simultaneously, the mutual fixation of the transverse fixed angle steel 4 and the vertical fixed angle steel 3 and the existing wall body 1 further play roles in supporting and transferring, thereby further reinforcing the wall body.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the vertical fixed angle steel 3 and the vertical wall are fixed by adopting opposite-pull screws 10, and the opposite-pull screws 10 on the vertical walls at two sides are symmetrically arranged;
the split screws 10 are arranged between floors in such a way that the split screws at the center are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends until reaching the floor/bottom plate, and the space ratio is 17.5:37.5:37.5:7.5. The opposite-pulling screw rods positioned at the center have smaller space, and the opposite-pulling screw rods at the upper end and the lower end are uniformly distributed near the floor slab and the rest positions. The pitch of the counter-drawing screws 10 from the center up and down to the upper and lower ends as shown in fig. 3-5 is: 175mm, 375mm, 75mm. The arrangement may be made according to the site construction situation and the number of using the counter-pulling screws, and the pitch ratio in this embodiment are only examples, and are not limited thereto, and may be selected according to the actual construction.
The reinforcement of the existing wall body selects single-side panel reinforcement or double-side panel reinforcement according to stress analysis of the wall body.
As shown in fig. 23 and 24, for reinforcing a single-sided panel, one or more groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are selected to be fixed on one side surface of the wall to be reinforced, and a backing plate can be installed on the other side surface, and the backing plate is fixed through the opposite-pulling screw 10 and the prestress steel strand 14;
and the two-sided panel reinforcement is realized by selecting two or more groups of symmetrical prefabricated reinforcement unit plates to be respectively fixed on two side surfaces of the wall to be reinforced, and the prefabricated reinforcement unit plates on the two side surfaces of the wall to be reinforced are symmetrically arranged. As shown in fig. 8 and 9.
In the construction method, the intelligent mechanical assembly type technology can be adopted for installation construction, so that the manual investment is further reduced, the construction is safe and environment-friendly, and the problems of large space requirement and large investment of manpower and material resources are effectively solved.
The scheme for selecting and determining the prefabricated modulus for the prefabricated reinforcing unit panel 2 is as follows: carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the test model by adopting a finite element parameterization analysis method, comparing and determining test research parameters, verifying the feasibility of a test scheme and the effectiveness of a reinforcement method by analyzing the damage phenomenon and stress mechanism of a test member, and optimizing and determining the test scheme;
by a quasi-static test method, the deformation, crack, stress and other change phenomena of the test member in the test process before and after reinforcement are compared and researched, and the stress deformation curve, the reciprocating hysteresis curve and the cooperative working characteristics of new and old materials and the weak links and stress mechanism of the member are analyzed; according to experimental study analysis results, optimizing a node connection construction form, and selecting a proper prefabricated reinforcement unit plate 2 and a fixed position thereof to obtain a reinforcement measure of the integral earthquake resistance of the existing masonry structure;
and analyzing the bearing capacity of the reinforced member, and determining the assembly type reinforcing scheme of the existing masonry structure and the intelligent assembly type reinforcing construction process of the existing masonry structure.
The present invention can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art through the above specific embodiments. It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above. Based on the disclosed embodiments, a person skilled in the art may combine different technical features at will, so as to implement different technical solutions.
Other than the technical features described in the specification, all are known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An assembled reinforced masonry structure system is characterized by comprising a plurality of prefabricated reinforced unit plates and connecting and fixing plates for fixing the prefabricated reinforced unit plates and the existing wall,
the precast reinforcement unit plate consists of a precast concrete plate and an embedded steel plate, wherein horizontal ribs and vertical ribs are uniformly arranged in the precast concrete plate, and the embedded steel plate is provided with a horizontal plate in embedded connection with the precast concrete plate and a vertical connecting plate fixed with the horizontal plate; the vertical ribs upwards penetrate through the horizontal plate of the pre-buried steel plate at the top of the precast concrete plate and are fixedly connected with the horizontal plate;
the prefabricated reinforcement unit plates comprise reinforcement plates A and reinforcement plates B, and the vertical connection plates of the reinforcement plates A and the vertical connection plates of the reinforcement plates B are mutually staggered and meshed to realize the splicing of the reinforcement plates A and the reinforcement plates B; connecting holes are respectively formed in the corresponding positions of the vertical connecting plates of the reinforcing plate A and the vertical connecting plates of the reinforcing plate B; preformed holes are formed in precast concrete plates of the reinforcing plates A and B;
the connecting and fixing plate comprises transverse fixed angle steel, vertical fixed angle steel and a connecting plate, wherein the transverse fixed angle steel and the vertical fixed angle steel are fixed through the connecting plate, the transverse fixed angle steel is provided with unit plate fixing holes according to reserved holes of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates to be fixed, and are uniformly provided with floor fixing holes, and the vertical fixed angle steel is uniformly provided with wall fixing holes;
the connecting plates comprise a transverse connecting plate, an L-shaped connecting plate and an end connecting plate, wherein the transverse connecting plate is used for connecting transverse fixed angle steel and vertical fixed angle steel in a vertical plane, the L-shaped connecting plate is used for connecting transverse fixed angle steel and vertical fixed angle steel in a horizontal plane, and the end connecting plate is used for connecting the vertical fixed angle steel or the end of the transverse fixed angle steel with the existing floor slab/roof or side wall;
the transverse fixed angle steel and the vertical fixed angle steel respectively form an assembled ring beam and an assembled constructional column, the reinforcing plates A and B are connected with the interlayer assembled ring beam through connecting pieces, and the assembled ring beam is connected with the assembled constructional column through welding; a reinforcing system capable of improving vertical bearing capacity and earthquake resistance is formed.
2. An assembled reinforcing existing masonry structure system according to claim 1, characterized in that said prefabricated reinforcing unit panels are modular prefabricated, i.e. if the modulus is m, the precast concrete panels are square panels of m x m; the modulus comprises 600mm and 900mm, and the height of the embedded steel plate is 200mm.
3. An assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said 5 pre-formed holes comprise 1 hole in the center of the precast concrete slab and 4 holes arranged on the upper and lower sides of the precast concrete slab symmetrically in a rectangular shape with the hole as the center, and the distance between the two holes on the upper/lower sides of the precast concrete slab is 1/2 of the side length.
4. A fabricated reinforced existing masonry structure system according to claim 3, wherein said attachment holes are two in number and two attachment holes are located on the same vertical centerline as two preformed holes in the upper/lower edges of the precast concrete panel.
5. An assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped vertical bars are spot welded to the horizontal plates of the pre-buried steel plates.
6. The assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system according to claim 1, further comprising connectors for connecting and fixing the prefabricated reinforced unit plates to the existing wall, the connection and fixing plates to the prefabricated reinforced unit plates, the connection and fixing plates to the existing wall, and the connection and fixing plates to the floor slab, wherein the connectors comprise opposite-pulling screws and anchor steel strands, the anchor steel strands comprise anchors and prestressed steel strands, and the anchors are provided with steel strand through holes in the center and grouting holes symmetrically arranged on two sides of the steel strand through holes.
7. A construction method for reinforcing the existing wall is characterized in that the method uses the assembled reinforced existing masonry structure system of any one of claims 1-6 to reinforce the existing wall,
one or more groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are selected to be fixed on the wall to be reinforced, and when the wall to be reinforced needs to be integrally reinforced, one group of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are fixed on the central line position of the wall or the groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are uniformly arranged on the wall to be reinforced; when the wall to be reinforced needs to be locally reinforced, selecting a reinforcing unit to be fixed at a designated position;
splicing the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B, wherein the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B are respectively stuck to the wall surface to be reinforced, and the splicing part of the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B is fixed on the wall surface to be reinforced through anchoring steel strands; the end, far away from the splicing part, of the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B is fixed on the wall surface to be reinforced through transverse fixed angle steel respectively, namely, the fixation of the prefabricated reinforcing unit plate, the transverse fixed angle steel and the wall surface to be reinforced is realized through a unit plate fixing hole formed in one side surface of the transverse fixed angle steel, and the fixation of the transverse fixed angle steel and the bottom plate or the top plate is realized through a floor plate fixing hole formed in the other side surface of the transverse fixed angle steel;
the both ends of horizontal fixed angle steel extend to the vertical wall of waiting to consolidate wall body both sides and are fixed through vertical fixed angle steel, realize the fixed of vertical fixed angle steel and vertical wall through the wall body fixed orifices on the vertical fixed angle steel promptly, and horizontal fixed angle steel passes through the connecting plate with vertical fixed angle steel to be connected, and then realizes the fixed of horizontal fixed angle steel and vertical wall, the fixed of vertical fixed angle steel and floor/roof.
8. The method for reinforcing an existing wall according to claim 7, wherein the reinforcement of the existing wall is one of single-sided panel reinforcement and double-sided panel reinforcement selected based on a stress analysis of the wall,
the single-side panel is reinforced, and one or more groups of prefabricated reinforced unit plates are selected to be fixed on one side surface of the wall to be reinforced;
two or more groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates which are symmetrical to each other are selected for reinforcing the double-sided panel and are respectively fixed on two side surfaces of the wall body to be reinforced, and the prefabricated reinforcing unit plates on the two side surfaces of the wall body to be reinforced are symmetrically arranged.
9. The method for reinforcing and constructing the existing wall according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the reinforcing unit is a rectangular reinforcing unit formed by splicing a group of mutually matched reinforcing plates A and B; when the wall to be reinforced is a plurality of floors, the group of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are reinforced, and a plurality of reinforcing units spliced by the reinforcing plates A and the reinforcing plates B are vertically arranged to form a row of reinforcing belts; the plurality of groups of prefabricated reinforcing unit plates are reinforced, so that a plurality of rows of reinforcing strips formed by the reinforcing units are formed;
and (3) locally reinforcing the wall to be reinforced, and installing the reinforcing unit spliced by the reinforcing plate A and the reinforcing plate B at the appointed position.
10. The method for reinforcing and constructing the existing wall according to claim 9, wherein the scheme for selecting and determining the prefabricated module for the prefabricated reinforcing unit panels is as follows:
carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the test model by adopting a finite element parameterization analysis method, comparing and determining test research parameters, verifying the feasibility of a test scheme and the effectiveness of a reinforcement method by analyzing the damage phenomenon and stress mechanism of a test member, and optimizing and determining the test scheme;
by a quasi-static test method, the deformation, crack, stress and other change phenomena of the test member in the test process before and after reinforcement are compared and researched, and the stress deformation curve, the reciprocating hysteresis curve and the cooperative working characteristics of new and old materials and the weak links and stress mechanism of the member are analyzed; according to experimental study analysis results, optimizing a node connection construction form, and selecting a proper prefabricated reinforcement unit plate 2 and a fixed position thereof to obtain a reinforcement measure of the integral earthquake resistance of the existing masonry structure;
and analyzing the bearing capacity of the reinforced member, and determining the assembly type reinforcing scheme of the existing masonry structure and the intelligent assembly type reinforcing construction process of the existing masonry structure.
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