CN114517277B - Aluminum alloy thick plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy thick plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114517277B CN114517277B CN202210419039.1A CN202210419039A CN114517277B CN 114517277 B CN114517277 B CN 114517277B CN 202210419039 A CN202210419039 A CN 202210419039A CN 114517277 B CN114517277 B CN 114517277B
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Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum alloy thick plate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: casting and milling an aluminum alloy ingot to obtain an ingot to be treated, and then sequentially carrying out first heat preservation, first hot rolling, second heat preservation hydrogen permeation treatment, third heat preservation and second hot rolling to obtain an aluminum alloy thick plate; the first heat preservation temperature and the third heat preservation temperature are both lower than the second heat preservation temperature, and the first heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time are both lower than the second heat preservation time; the temperature of the second heat preservation is 460-580 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 16-300 h. According to the invention, a high-temperature long-time annealing process is applied in the middle hot rolling stage of the aluminum alloy thick plate, meanwhile, three sections of heat preservation programs are set for the aluminum alloy thick plate, and the size relationship between the temperature and the time of the heat preservation programs in each stage is limited, so that high-pressure hydrogen in the center of the plate blank permeates into the external atmosphere through the substrate, thereby eliminating the hole defect formed by hydrogen aggregation in the hot rolling process of the aluminum alloy thick plate and improving the qualification rate of the flaw detection defect of the thick plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing and manufacturing, in particular to an aluminum alloy thick plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy thick plate has the characteristics of high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ship manufacturing, bridges, ocean platforms, pressure containers, liquid transportation containers and the like. The aluminum alloy thick plate, especially the high magnesium aluminum alloy thick plate has higher strength due to the addition of magnesium element, and is generally used as a structural bearing part of a key part, and the performance requirement is very high. The aluminum alloy thick plate is generally prepared by hot rolling through a large-scale hot roughing mill. Because the thickness of the finished plate is large, the pressure in the hot rolling deformation process is difficult to transfer into the core of the thick plate, the core deformation is small, the tensile stress is applied, and the phenomenon of hole defect growth occurs. Specifically, during the solidification process of the aluminum alloy, due to factors such as the solidification shrinkage characteristic of the alloy and the precipitation of hydrogen dissolved in liquid, a certain amount of holes are often formed in the cast ingot, and a certain amount of hydrogen exists in the holes. In the early stage of hot rolling, the surface area of the slab is subjected to compressive stress, holes are preferably healed, and hydrogen at the position is transferred to the center of an ingot under the action of hydrostatic pressure. In the plate hot rolling process, the central position of a plate blank is subjected to tensile stress, and hydrogen is continuously gathered to enlarge small holes at the position, so that large-size holes are formed. The pressure of hydrogen inside the central hole is extremely high and is equivalent to the yield strength of the plate blank at the temperature (10 MPa level), if the rolling is continued, the hydrogen inside the hole can prevent the hole from further healing, the ultrasonic flaw detection is often unqualified, and the product performance is not up to the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of an aluminum alloy thick plate, which aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, hydrogen holes are difficult to eliminate in the hot rolling process of the aluminum alloy thick plate, so that the aluminum alloy thick plate is unqualified in flaw detection.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy thick plate, the aluminum alloy thick plate has a thickness of 30mm or more and is made of an aluminum alloy containing more than 3.0wt.% of magnesium, the method including the steps of: step S1, casting and milling an aluminum alloy ingot to obtain an ingot to be treated with the thickness of 80-500 mm; step S2, performing first heat preservation on the ingot to be processed, and then performing first hot rolling to obtain a first blank; step S3, performing second heat preservation and hydrogen permeation treatment on the first blank to obtain a second blank; step S4, performing third heat preservation on the second blank, then performing second hot rolling, and cooling to obtain an aluminum alloy thick plate; wherein the first heat preservation temperature is lower than the second heat preservation temperature, and the first heat preservation time is lower than the second heat preservation time; the third heat preservation temperature is less than the second heat preservation temperature, and the third heat preservation time is less than the second heat preservation time; wherein the temperature of the second heat preservation is 460-580 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 16-300 h.
Further, in step S3, the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 to 580 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 16 to 72 hours.
Further, in the step S2, the first heat preservation temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 6-40 h; preferably, the first heat preservation temperature is 430-480 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 12-24 hours; in the step S4, the temperature of the third heat preservation is 400-500 ℃, and the time of the third heat preservation is 2-12 hours; preferably, the temperature of the third heat preservation is 430-480 ℃, and the time of the third heat preservation is 2-8 h.
Further, the temperature of the first heat preservation is more than or equal to that of the third heat preservation, and the temperature difference between the first heat preservation and the third heat preservation is less than or equal to 20 ℃; the first heat preservation time is more than or equal to the third heat preservation time, and the time difference between the first heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is less than or equal to 10 hours.
Further, when the difference between the second heat preservation temperature and the third heat preservation temperature is less than 30 ℃, the difference between the second heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is more than 24 hours; or when the difference between the second heat preservation temperature and the third heat preservation temperature is more than or equal to 30 ℃, the difference between the second heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is less than or equal to 24 hours.
Further, when the thickness of the ingot to be processed is more than or equal to 80mm and less than 150mm, the first heat preservation temperature is 470 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 16 h; the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 48 h; the third heat preservation temperature is 470 ℃, and the third heat preservation time is 6 hours; or when the thickness of the ingot to be treated is 150-400 mm, the first heat preservation temperature is 480 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 12 hours; the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 24 hours; the temperature of the third heat preservation is 470 ℃, and the time of the third heat preservation is 4 h.
Further, in the step S2, when the thickness of the ingot to be processed is more than or equal to 80mm and less than 150mm, the pass number of the first hot rolling process is 10-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 1-15 mm; the pass number of the second hot rolling process is 10-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 1-15 mm; or; when the thickness of the ingot to be processed is 150-400 mm, the pass number of the first hot rolling process is 5-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 15-30 mm; the number of times of the second hot rolling process is 5-20 times, and the single-pass reduction is 15-30 mm.
Further, carrying out first hot rolling on the ingot to be processed to reach a first thickness, and carrying out second hot rolling on the second blank to reach a second thickness; preferably, the ratio of the first thickness to the second thickness is (1.5-2.5): 1; more preferably, the first thickness is 50 to 300mm, and the second thickness is 30 to 120 mm.
Further, the material of the aluminum alloy thick plate comprises, by weight, 3.0-7.0 wt.% of Mg, 0-1.0 wt.% of Cu, 0-1.2 wt.% of Mn, 0-0.5 wt.% of Cr, and the balance of Al, wherein the content of other single impurity elements is less than 0.5 wt.%.
According to another aspect of the invention, an aluminum alloy thick plate prepared by the preparation method is also provided.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, a high-temperature long-time annealing process is applied in the hot rolling middle stage of the aluminum alloy thick plate to provide power and time for the permeation of hydrogen in the central hole of the plate blank to the outside of the plate blank, so that high-pressure hydrogen in the center of the plate blank permeates to the outside atmosphere through the matrix, and the internal pressure of the hydrogen hole in the center of the plate blank is greatly reduced. Particularly, the invention sets three sections of heat preservation programs for the aluminum alloy thick plate, limits the size relationship between the temperature and the time of the heat preservation programs at each stage, and further improves the hydrogen permeation efficiency. And finally, rolling the plate blank subjected to hydrogen permeation into a finished product thickness, wherein the alloy around the original hydrogen holes can be smoothly supplemented to the original air hole positions under the action of pressure to heal the hydrogen holes, so that the defect of holes formed by hydrogen aggregation in the hot rolling process of the aluminum alloy thick plate is eliminated, and the defect qualification rate of the thick plate flaw detection is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a photograph of flaw detection test of an aluminum alloy thick plate prepared according to example 1 of the present invention; and
FIG. 2 shows a photograph of a flaw detection test of an aluminum alloy thick plate produced according to comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As described in the background art, the problem that the defect of unqualified aluminum alloy thick plate due to flaw detection is difficult to eliminate in the hydrogen hole in the hot rolling process of the aluminum alloy thick plate exists in the prior art. In particular, the inventors found that during the hot rolling process, due to the fact that hydrogen has high solubility in magnesium-containing molten liquid, when aluminum alloy, particularly high magnesium aluminum alloy is cast, a large amount of hydrogen is easily absorbed by the aluminum alloy liquid, and as the solubility of hydrogen is reduced during the solidification of the cast ingot, hydrogen in the aluminum alloy liquid is partially precipitated and cannot escape to the atmosphere outside the cast ingot, and at the moment, the liquid phase in the aluminum alloy casting is little and is separated into small areas by the contracted parts, and holes formed by hydrogen accumulation cannot be effectively fed due to insufficient pressure difference during the further contraction. Thus forming a gas shrinkage cavity in the aluminum alloy ingot, and the holes caused by the accumulation of the hydrogen can not be completely eliminated by the conventional heat treatment process. When the hot rolling process is carried out subsequently, hydrogen is gathered to the center of the thick plate under the action of hydrostatic pressure, and partial hydrogen holes are remained in the aluminum alloy plate to form high-pressure large-size holes, so that the thick plate is unqualified in flaw detection.
In order to solve the above problems, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy thick plate, the aluminum alloy thick plate having a thickness of 30mm or more and being made of an aluminum alloy containing more than 3.0wt.% of magnesium, the method including the steps of: step S1, casting and milling an aluminum alloy ingot to obtain an ingot to be treated with the thickness of 80-500 mm; step S2, performing first heat preservation on the ingot to be processed, and then performing first hot rolling to obtain a first blank; step S3, performing second heat preservation and hydrogen permeation treatment on the first blank to obtain a second blank; step S4, performing third heat preservation on the second blank, then performing second hot rolling, and cooling to obtain an aluminum alloy thick plate; wherein the first heat preservation temperature is lower than the second heat preservation temperature, and the first heat preservation time is lower than the second heat preservation time; the third heat preservation temperature is less than the second heat preservation temperature, and the third heat preservation time is less than the second heat preservation time; wherein the temperature of the second heat preservation is 460-580 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 16-300 h.
The aluminum alloy, especially the aluminum alloy with magnesium as the main additive element, has the advantages of high strength, small density, good heat dissipation and the like. And then carrying out first hot rolling by using a hot rolling process, carrying out primary rolling forming, rolling the ingot to a certain thickness, gathering hydrogen in the ingot as much as possible to form high-pressure hydrogen holes with larger internal air pressure, and properly reducing the thickness of the ingot to obtain a first blank. And then carrying out high-temperature long-time heat preservation and hydrogen permeation treatment, namely carrying out high-temperature annealing after the first hot rolling to provide power and time for high-pressure gas in the gas holes to permeate out of the matrix, thereby obtaining a second blank with reduced gas pressure in the hydrogen holes. At the moment, the pressure inside the hole formed by hydrogen aggregation is reduced, and when the next step of hot rolling is continued, the alloy near the hole can be smoothly supplemented to the original air hole position to heal the hole, so that the hole defect is eliminated, and the flaw detection defect is reduced. The heating rate for heating the ingot or the blank to each heat preservation temperature can be obtained by proper adjustment on the basis of the invention, and is not described in detail.
According to the invention, a high-temperature long-time annealing process is applied in the middle hot rolling stage of the aluminum alloy thick plate to provide power and time for the hydrogen in the central hole of the plate blank to permeate to the outside of the plate blank, so that high-pressure hydrogen in the center of the plate blank permeates to the outside atmosphere through a matrix, and the internal pressure of the hydrogen in the central hole of the plate blank is greatly reduced. In addition, the invention sets three sections of heat preservation programs for the aluminum alloy thick plate, limits the size relationship between the temperature and the time of the heat preservation program at each stage, and further improves the hydrogen permeation efficiency. And finally, rolling the plate blank subjected to hydrogen permeation into a finished product thickness, wherein the alloy around the original hydrogen holes can be smoothly supplemented to the original air hole positions under the action of pressure to heal the hydrogen holes, so that the defect of holes formed by hydrogen aggregation in the hot rolling process of the aluminum alloy thick plate is eliminated, and the defect qualification rate of the thick plate flaw detection is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 to 580 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 16 to 72 hours. The hydrogen permeation rate is higher under the higher temperature condition, the defect of flaw detection caused by most hydrogen escape and hole defects is thoroughly eliminated, the heating time can be saved, and the cost is further reduced.
The rapid accumulation of stress during the first hot rolling easily causes stress concentration in the casting, the pressure of the central hydrogen hole is high, and in a preferred embodiment, in the step S2, the first heat preservation temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 6-40 h; preferably, the temperature of the first heat preservation is 430-480 ℃, more preferably 470-480 ℃, and the time of the first heat preservation is 12-24 hours. The hot rolling process can further promote hydrogen in the ingot to be gathered to form high-pressure holes, and preparation is made for subsequent hydrogen permeation treatment. After the second and third incubations are completed, the second hot rolling procedure can allow the low pressure hydrogen holes to heal more quickly. In the preferable step S4, the third heat preservation temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the third heat preservation time is 2-12 h; preferably, the third heat preservation temperature is 430-480 ℃, more preferably 470-480 ℃, and the third heat preservation time is 2-8 hours, at the moment, the processing performance of the aluminum alloy is improved to the maximum extent while the thickness of the aluminum alloy is gradually reduced, and meanwhile, the holes can be filled more quickly by the alloy part around the original hydrogen holes, so that the defect of aluminum alloy flaw detection is further reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the first heat preservation is more than or equal to that of the third heat preservation, and the difference between the temperatures of the first heat preservation and the third heat preservation is less than or equal to 20 ℃; the first heat preservation time is longer than or equal to the third heat preservation time, the time difference between the first heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is shorter than or equal to 10 hours, the first heat preservation temperature with higher heat preservation temperature and the longer heat preservation time are set, hydrogen in the ingot can be concentrated as far as possible to form hydrogen holes after the first hot rolling is completed, the hydrogen holes can be eliminated more fully in the second heat preservation hydrogen permeation treatment, and then the aluminum alloy thick plate with low flaw detection defects can be obtained through simple second hot rolling, so that the method is simpler and more convenient to implement.
The invention also sets the relative relationship between the temperature and the time of the second heat preservation and the third heat preservation, specifically, when the difference between the temperature of the second heat preservation and the temperature of the third heat preservation is less than 30 ℃, the difference between the time of the second heat preservation and the time of the third heat preservation is more than 24 h; or when the difference between the second heat preservation temperature and the third heat preservation temperature is larger than or equal to 30 ℃, the difference between the second heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is smaller than or equal to 24h, so that the highest heat preservation temperature and the longest heat preservation time in the heat treatment process are ensured in the second heat preservation process, hydrogen in the ingot is enabled to fully escape, and meanwhile, the second rolling is arranged, so that holes are made up by surrounding alloy parts after the hydrogen escapes, the hole defects are further eliminated, and the flaw detection result is improved.
In the specific operation process, the ingots to be treated with different thicknesses use differential heat preservation procedures, so that the cast ingot heat preservation method is more targeted. In a preferred embodiment, when the thickness of the ingot to be treated is more than or equal to 80mm and less than 150mm, the temperature of the first heat preservation is 470 ℃, and the time of the first heat preservation is 16 h; the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 48 hours; the third heat preservation temperature is 470 ℃, and the third heat preservation time is 6 hours; or when the thickness of the ingot to be treated is 150-400 mm, the first heat preservation temperature is 480 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 12 hours; the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 24 hours; the temperature of the third heat preservation is 470 ℃, and the time of the third heat preservation is 4 hours. Under the heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time, the deformation process of the aluminum alloy cast ingot is facilitated, the hydrogen is promoted to be gathered to form high-pressure hydrogen holes in the first hot rolling process, the subsequent hydrogen infiltration process and the heat treatment process are carried out more smoothly, and the problem of unqualified flaw detection caused by the hydrogen hole defect is further reduced.
In order to more conveniently apply the preparation method of the invention to the actual production process and improve the practicability of the invention, in a preferred embodiment, in step S2, when the thickness of the ingot to be processed is greater than or equal to 80mm and less than 150mm, the pass number of the first hot rolling process is 10-20 passes, and the single-pass rolling reduction is 1-15 mm; the pass number of the second hot rolling process is 10-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 1-15 mm; or; when the thickness of the cast ingot to be treated is 150-400 mm, the pass number of the first hot rolling process is 5-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 15-30 mm; the number of times of the second hot rolling process is 5-20 times, and the single-pass reduction is 15-30 mm. The number of passes is more reasonably distributed and the reduction of the passes is controlled during hot rolling, so that the reduction procedures of the two hot rolling can be better controlled, the formation of hydrogen holes in the first hot rolling process is further promoted, the healing speed of the hydrogen holes in the second hot rolling process is increased, and the flaw detection defects of the finished plate can be further reduced while the thickness precision is controlled.
In order to further improve the hydrogen hole elimination effect while reasonably controlling the hot rolling reduction so as to enable the thickness of the cast ingot to be more uniformly compressed, in a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the first thickness to the second thickness is (1.5-2.5): 1; preferably, the first thickness is 50 to 300mm, and the second thickness is 30 to 120 mm.
The preparation method is suitable for preparing most of aluminum alloy thick plate materials, and particularly, the flaw detection effect is improved more obviously for high-magnesium alloys with high magnesium content and serious hydrogen aggregation holes, in a preferred embodiment, the materials of the aluminum alloy thick plate comprise, by weight, 3.0-7.0 wt.% of Mg, 0-1.0 wt.% of Cu, 0-1.2 wt.% of Mn, 0-0.5 wt.% of Cr, and the balance of Al, wherein the other single impurity element is less than 0.5 wt.%. Wherein, the other single impurity elements are other elements except Al, Mg, Cu, Mn and Cr, such as Si, Ti and the like. At the moment, the content of magnesium in the aluminum alloy is high, the strength of the aluminum alloy plate is also high, and meanwhile, the preparation process of the invention promotes the tissue optimization, so that the common hole defect of the aluminum alloy thick plate is eliminated, and the flaw detection result is greatly improved.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an aluminum alloy thick plate produced by the production method of the present invention. By setting three sections of heat preservation programs aiming at the aluminum alloy thick plate and applying a high-temperature long-time annealing process at the hot rolling middle stage of the aluminum alloy thick plate, high-pressure hydrogen at the center of the plate blank permeates into the external atmosphere through the substrate, the hole defect formed by hydrogen aggregation in the hot rolling process of the aluminum alloy thick plate is reduced, and the flaw detection qualification rate of the thick plate is improved.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
The flaw detection method comprises the following steps: fluorescent penetrant testing GB/T33877 and ultrasonic water immersion testing GB/T6519-2013
Example 1
The aluminum alloy thick plate comprises the following components: 4.5wt.% Mg, balance Al.
The ingot size is 85 (thickness) × 90 × 100mm, the heat preservation is carried out according to the heat preservation procedure of table 1, the first hot rolling is carried out by 18 passes through double-rod hot rolling to 58mm, and the single-pass reduction is 1.5 mm; and carrying out 13 passes on the second hot rolling to reach 38.5mm, wherein the single-pass reduction is 1.5mm, and cooling to obtain the 38.5mm aluminum alloy thick plate. The central cross section of the thick aluminum alloy plate obtained in example 1 was sampled and subjected to penetrant flaw detection analysis, and the flaw detection results are shown in table 1, and the photograph of the flaw detection results is shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
The aluminum alloy thick plate comprises the following components: 4.5wt.% Mg, 0.9 wt.% Mn, 0.18 wt.% Fe, 0.12 wt.% Si, 0.02 wt.% Ti, and the balance Al.
The size of the cast ingot is 400mm (thickness) × 1600 × 2500mm, heat preservation is carried out according to the heat preservation program in table 1, the first hot rolling is carried out for 9 passes through a four-roller hot rolling mill with the diameter of a working roller being 1050mm to form a slab with the thickness of 220mm, and the single-pass rolling reduction is 20 mm; after the first hot rolling is finished, high-pressure large air holes are formed in the side 300mm of the ingot, after the heat preservation according to the program, the ingot is continuously hot-rolled for 5 passes to form a 120mm thick plate, the single-pass reduction is 20mm, and the aluminum alloy thick plate with the thickness of 120mm is obtained after cooling. The aluminum alloy thick plate obtained in example 2 was subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection, and the flaw detection result was a grade a pass.
Examples 3 to 5
Examples 3 to 5 differ from example 1 only in the incubation procedure, see table 1. The flaw detection results are all qualified in A level.
Examples 6 to 8
Examples 6 to 8 differ from example 2 only in the incubation procedure, see table 2. The flaw detection results are all qualified in A level.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in the heat-retention procedure in that the ingot was heated to 470 ℃ and retained for 16 hours, hot rolled by double rod hot rolling for 31 passes to 38.5mm with a single pass reduction of 1.5mm, and cooled to give a 38.5mm thick plate of an aluminum alloy. The central cross section of the thick aluminum alloy plate prepared in comparative example 1 was sampled and subjected to penetrant flaw detection analysis, and the flaw detection result was a class a failure, and the photograph of the flaw detection test is shown in fig. 2.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 2 is that the heat preservation procedure is different, the ingot is heated to 480 ℃ and is preserved for 16 hours, after the ingot is taken out of the furnace, the ingot is continuously hot-rolled for 14 passes to 120mm thick by a four-roller hot rolling mill with the working roller diameter of 1050mm, the single-pass reduction is 20mm, and the ingot is cooled to obtain the aluminum alloy thick plate. The thick aluminum alloy plate obtained in comparative example 2 was subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection, and the flaw detection result was grade a failure.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example 3 and the example 2 is that the heat preservation procedure is different, the ingot is heated to 480 ℃ and is preserved for 16 hours, the ingot is taken out of the furnace and is hot-rolled for 9 passes by a four-roller hot rolling mill with the diameter of 1050mm to form a slab with the thickness of 220mm, and the single-pass reduction is 20 mm; and after the temperature is kept at 400 ℃ for 6h, heating to 470 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 6h, continuously hot rolling for 5 passes to form a 120mm thick plate, wherein the single-pass reduction is 20mm, and cooling to obtain the 120mm aluminum alloy thick plate. And (4) carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection on the aluminum alloy thick plate prepared in the comparative example 3, wherein the flaw detection result is grade A unqualified.
As can be seen from the above, there are significant flaw detection defects in comparative example 1, whereas example 1 had no significant central flaw detection defects after the hydrogen infiltration by the intermediate annealing. In comparative example 2, the second heat preservation was not performed, and the flaw detection result was that there were intensive point defects at the edge of the thick plate, and the a-level flaw detection was not qualified. Comparative example 3 the second holding temperature was too low for too short a time, and neither of the hydrogen holes removal effects was achieved, nor was the flaw detection acceptable. The hole defects formed by hydrogen aggregation of the aluminum alloy thick plate obtained by the preparation method are all well eliminated, and the qualification rate of the flaw detection defects of the thick plate is obviously improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy thick plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, casting and milling aluminum alloy ingots to obtain ingots to be treated, wherein the thickness of the ingots is 80-500 mm;
step S2, performing first heat preservation on the ingot to be processed, and then performing first hot rolling to obtain a first blank;
step S3, performing second heat preservation and hydrogen permeation treatment on the first blank to obtain a second blank;
step S4, performing third heat preservation on the second blank, then performing second hot rolling, and cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy thick plate;
wherein the aluminum alloy slab comprises 3.0-7.0 wt.% Mg and 0-1.0 wt.% Cu;
wherein the first heat preservation temperature is lower than the second heat preservation temperature, and the first heat preservation time is lower than the second heat preservation time; the third heat preservation temperature is lower than the second heat preservation temperature, and the third heat preservation time is lower than the second heat preservation time; the first heat preservation temperature is more than or equal to the third heat preservation temperature, and the first heat preservation time is more than or equal to the third heat preservation time;
and the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500-580 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 16-300 h.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the time of the second heat preservation is 16-72 h.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of the first heat preservation is 400-500 ℃, and the time of the first heat preservation is 6-40 h; in the step S4, the third heat preservation temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the third heat preservation time is 2-12 h.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step S2, the temperature of the first heat preservation is 430-480 ℃, and the time of the first heat preservation is 12-24 h; in the step S4, the third heat preservation temperature is 430-480 ℃, and the third heat preservation time is 2-8 hours.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the difference between the temperature of the first incubation and the temperature of the third incubation is no greater than 20 ℃; the difference between the first heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is less than or equal to 10 h.
6. The production method according to claim 1,
when the difference between the second heat preservation temperature and the third heat preservation temperature is less than 30 ℃, the difference between the second heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is more than 24 h; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the difference between the second heat preservation temperature and the third heat preservation temperature is more than or equal to 30 ℃, the difference between the second heat preservation time and the third heat preservation time is less than or equal to 24 hours.
7. The production method according to claim 1,
when the thickness of the ingot to be treated is more than or equal to 80mm and less than 150mm, the first heat preservation temperature is 470 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 16 h; the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 48 hours; the third heat preservation temperature is 470 ℃, and the third heat preservation time is 6 hours; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the thickness of the ingot to be treated is 150-400 mm, the first heat preservation temperature is 480 ℃, and the first heat preservation time is 12 hours; the temperature of the second heat preservation is 500 ℃, and the time of the second heat preservation is 24 hours; the temperature of the third heat preservation is 470 ℃, and the time of the third heat preservation is 4 hours.
8. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2,
when the thickness of the ingot to be processed is more than or equal to 80mm and less than 150mm, the pass number of the first hot rolling process is 10-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 1-15 mm; the pass number of the second hot rolling process is 10-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 1-15 mm; or;
when the thickness of the ingot to be processed is 150-400 mm, the pass number of the first hot rolling process is 5-20 passes, and the single-pass reduction is 15-30 mm; the number of times of the second hot rolling process is 5-20 times, and the single-pass reduction is 15-30 mm.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the ingot to be treated is subjected to a first hot rolling to a first thickness and the second charge is subjected to a second hot rolling to a second thickness.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the ratio of the first thickness to the second thickness is (1.5-2.5): 1.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the first thickness is 50 to 300mm and the second thickness is 30 to 120 mm.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy slab comprises 3.0-7.0 wt.% Mg, 0-1.0 wt.% Cu, 0-1.2 wt.% Mn, 0-0.5 wt.% Cr, and the balance Al, and the other single impurity element is less than 0.5 wt.%.
13. An aluminum alloy thick plate characterized by being produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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