CN114509472B - Gas detection system, detection method and gas detection device in transformer oil - Google Patents
Gas detection system, detection method and gas detection device in transformer oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114509472B CN114509472B CN202210409404.0A CN202210409404A CN114509472B CN 114509472 B CN114509472 B CN 114509472B CN 202210409404 A CN202210409404 A CN 202210409404A CN 114509472 B CN114509472 B CN 114509472B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a gas detection system, a detection method and a gas detection device in transformer oil. The gas detection system provided by the invention does not need to draw a standard curve in a standard method in the scheme, and after the characteristic gas is loaded into the solid oxide fuel cell to be combusted, the specific characteristic gas concentration can be quickly obtained through the processing module, so that the detection efficiency can be improved; meanwhile, the concentration of the characteristic gas is calculated directly through the electromotive force change of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the measurement accuracy is higher. In addition, the invention can measure the characteristic gas in a larger concentration range and can realize the adjustment of the measuring range of the characteristic gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power condition maintenance, in particular to a gas detection system, a detection method and a gas detection device in transformer oil.
Background
In maintenance of the equipment, it is necessary to perform regular maintenance, optional maintenance, or the like on the equipment. When the equipment is evaluated whether to need maintenance, the judgment is carried out according to the working state of key parts of the equipment or the concentration value of the characteristic gas generated in the operation of the equipment. For example, in the field of power condition maintenance, when the operating condition of a transformer is evaluated, characteristic gases such as methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the like dissolved in oil in the transformer are extracted, and the current operating condition of the transformer is characterized according to the concentration of each characteristic gas.
The existing characteristic gas detection method generally adopts a calibration method, which needs to draw a standard curve in advance, and needs to sample the characteristic gas in a larger concentration interval and draw the curve in order to measure the concentration of the characteristic gas more accurately, so that a larger workload exists; in addition, when the calibration method is adopted for measurement, the measurement precision is also limited by the standard curve.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, in order to better improve the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of the characteristic gas, a gas detection system is provided, and further a detection method of the system and a gas detection device in transformer oil are provided.
A gas detection system, the gas detection system comprising:
the solid oxide fuel cell comprises an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, wherein the air inlet pipeline is used for enabling characteristic gas to enter the solid oxide fuel cell, the air outlet pipeline is used for enabling gas generated when the characteristic gas is combusted to be discharged, and the characteristic gas generates electromotive force change when being combusted in the solid oxide fuel cell;
the sample injection module is communicated with the gas inlet pipeline and is used for storing the characteristic gas;
the gas source module is communicated with the sample injection module and is used for generating a first gas and a second gas, the first gas loads the second gas and the characteristic gas into the gas inlet pipeline, and the second gas can provide oxygen for combustion of the characteristic gas;
the processing module is electrically connected with the solid oxide fuel cell, the sample injection module and the gas source module respectively; the processing module can acquire the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell and calculate the concentration of the characteristic gas; the processing module controls the discharge of the characteristic gas and controls the release flow rates of the first gas and the second gas.
When the concentration of the characteristic gas needs to be detected, the characteristic gas in the sample introduction module and the second gas in the gas source module are loaded into a gas inlet pipeline of the solid oxide fuel cell through the first gas in the gas source module; the second gas can provide oxygen for the fuel of the characteristic gas, and as the oxygen in the solid oxide fuel cell is consumed by combustion, the difference between the oxygen concentration in the external environment of the solid oxide fuel cell and the oxygen concentration in the solid oxide fuel cell is further enlarged, so that the oxygen ion transfer in the solid oxide fuel cell is increased, and the solid oxide fuel cell generates an electromotive force change value. The processing module can directly calculate the concentration of the characteristic gas according to the obtained electromotive force value. Compared with the existing calibration method, the method can improve the measurement efficiency and the measurement precision.
In addition, when the concentration of the characteristic gas is too large or too small, the electromotive force acquired by the processing module is abnormal, at the moment, the release flow of the second gas can be dynamically adjusted through the processing module, and therefore the characteristic gas measurement in different concentration intervals is achieved.
In one embodiment, the solid oxide fuel cell comprises a combustion chamber; the inlet duct with the pipeline of giving vent to anger is located the homonymy of combustion chamber, the inlet duct with the pipeline of giving vent to anger communicates respectively the inner space of combustion chamber with the outer space of combustion chamber, the inlet duct extends to and is close to the bottom of combustion chamber, the pipeline of giving vent to anger extends to and keeps away from the bottom of combustion chamber.
In one embodiment, the gas detection system comprises at least two of the solid oxide fuel cells; in two adjacent solid oxide fuel cells, the air outlet pipeline of the former solid oxide fuel cell is communicated with the air inlet pipeline of the latter solid oxide fuel cell;
the processing module is electrically connected with each solid oxide fuel cell respectively and obtains the electromotive force of each solid oxide fuel cell.
In one embodiment, the gas detection system further comprises a temperature control box, wherein the temperature control box is electrically connected with the processing module and is controlled by the processing module to work; the solid oxide fuel cell is positioned in the temperature control box, and the temperature control box provides a heat source for the combustion of the characteristic gas in the solid oxide fuel cell.
In one embodiment, the temperature control box is provided with a conveying channel for conveying the solid oxide fuel cell into the temperature control box;
the gas detection system also comprises a transfer module, the transfer module is arranged in the temperature control box, the transfer module is electrically connected with the processing module and controlled by the processing module to work, the transfer module comprises a central detection device and at least two clamping devices, and the clamping devices can take out the solid oxide fuel cell from the conveying channel;
the center detection device is used for identifying the center of the air outlet pipeline of the previous solid oxide fuel cell so as to guide the clamping device to communicate the air inlet pipeline of the next solid oxide fuel cell with the air outlet pipeline of the previous solid oxide fuel cell.
In one embodiment, the gas source module includes a nitrogen storage bottle that releases the first gas and an air generator for releasing the second gas.
In one embodiment, a first electromagnetic control valve is arranged at the outlet of the nitrogen storage bottle and used for controlling the release flow of the first gas; a second electromagnetic control valve is arranged at the outlet of the air generator and used for controlling the release flow of the second gas; the first electromagnetic control valve and the second electromagnetic control valve are respectively electrically connected with the processing module and controlled by the processing module to work.
A method of testing for controlling a gas detection system, the method comprising: loading the characteristic gas into the gas inlet pipeline through the sample introduction module and the gas source module; acquiring and judging a variation value of the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell through the processing module; when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the solid oxide fuel cell is smaller than a maximum threshold value preset by the processing module and larger than a minimum threshold value preset by the processing module, the processing module calculates the concentration of the characteristic gas according to the acquired electromotive force of the solid oxide.
In one embodiment, when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the processing module is greater than the maximum threshold value, the processing module increases the release flow rate of the second gas so that the variation value of the electromotive force is less than the maximum threshold value; loading the characteristic gas with the same concentration into the gas inlet pipeline through the sample introduction module and the gas source module again; and acquiring the electromotive force through the processing module and calculating the concentration of the characteristic gas.
A gas detection device in transformer oil comprises a gas detection system, an extraction module and a separation module which are communicated, wherein the separation module is communicated with a sample injection module; the extraction module is used for extracting a plurality of different characteristic gases from oil; the separation module is used for separating a plurality of characteristic gases in the extraction module, and the separation module sequentially conveys the separated characteristic gases to the sample injection module; the separation module and the extraction module are respectively electrically connected with the processing module and controlled by the processing module to work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a gas detection system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample injection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample injection module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a gas detection system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a gas detection system in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a detection method in another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a detection method in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a gas detection device in transformer oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers indicate:
100. a solid oxide fuel cell; 110. an air intake duct; 120. an air outlet pipe; 130. a combustion chamber; 200. a sample introduction module; 210. rotating the disc; 211. an accommodating cavity; 212. a third solenoid control valve; 213. a piston post; 300. an air source module; 310. a nitrogen storage bottle; 311. a first solenoid control valve; 320. an air generator; 321. a second solenoid control valve; 400. a processing module; 500. a temperature control box; 510. a transfer channel; 600. a transfer module; 610. a center detection device; 620. a clamping device; 700. an extraction module; 800. and (5) separating the modules.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
When measuring characteristic gases in transformer oil, calibration methods are generally used for measurement. The measuring scheme has the problems of large workload, low measuring efficiency and low measuring precision. Therefore, the invention provides a gas detection system to improve the concentration measurement efficiency and measurement accuracy of the characteristic gas, and the gas detection system provided by the invention can also realize the measurement of the concentration of the characteristic gas in a larger concentration range. Furthermore, the invention also provides a measuring method and a gas detection device in the transformer oil.
It should be noted that the gas detection system provided by the present invention can be applied to the measurement of the characteristic gas in the transformer oil, but is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the gas detection system includes a solid oxide fuel cell 100, a sample injection module 200, a gas source module 300, and a processing module 400; wherein the characteristic gas is combusted inside the solid oxide fuel cell 100, the characteristic gas consumes oxygen during the combustion process, which increases the difference between the oxygen concentration outside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the oxygen concentration inside the solid oxide fuel cell 100. As the difference in oxygen concentration is increased, the amount of oxygen ion movement in the solid oxide fuel cell 100 increases, so that the electromotive force variation value of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 changes.
It should be noted that the oxygen concentration outside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 may be regarded as a constant value, for example, when the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is placed in the outside air and no oxygen consumption occurs around the outside environment, it may be assumed that the oxygen concentration in the outside air of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is a constant value at this time; however, the oxygen inside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is consumed in the combustion process of the characteristic gas, so when the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 changes, it can be interpreted as the result of the consumption of the characteristic gas by the oxygen concentration inside the solid oxide fuel cell 100, so that the difference between the oxygen concentration outside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the oxygen concentration inside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is enlarged.
For this reason, a relationship between the change in the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the oxygen concentration outside and inside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 may be established, so that the consumption amount of oxygen in the process of combustion of the characteristic gas is obtained by the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100, and the concentration of the characteristic gas is obtained by the calculation principle of the relevant chemical reaction formula.
The sample injection module 200 is used for storing the characteristic gas, it should be noted that the sample injection module 200 stores the characteristic gas with a known name, and the sample injection module 200 can independently store a plurality of gases with the same name and similar concentration and volume; it is also possible to store a plurality of characteristic gases, but of known volume, by different names.
The gas source module 300 is used to load the characteristic gas in the sample injection module 200 into the solid oxide fuel cell 100, and the gas source module 300 can also provide oxygen for the combustion of the characteristic gas.
The processing module 400 is configured to obtain an electromotive force generated by the solid oxide fuel cell 100, and since the electromotive force generated by the solid oxide fuel cell 100 can be considered to be caused by an increased oxygen concentration difference during the combustion of the characteristic gas oxide fuel cell, the electromotive force obtained by the processing module 400 can be converted into oxygen consumed by the combustion of the characteristic gas, and then the concentration of the characteristic gas is obtained according to a related chemical principle calculation formula. The processing module 400 may include a processing chip, and is capable of writing related algorithm formulas therein and implementing calling of related modules. For example, the processing module 400 may be a PC or a Linux system.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the solid oxide fuel cell 100 includes an inlet pipe 110 and an outlet pipe 120, wherein the inlet pipe 110 is used for allowing the characteristic gas to enter the inside of the solid oxide fuel cell 100, the outlet pipe 120 is used for allowing the gas generated by the combustion of the characteristic gas to be discharged, and the characteristic gas generates an electromotive force change when being combusted in the inside of the solid oxide fuel cell.
The sample injection module 200 is communicated with the gas inlet pipeline 110 of the solid oxide fuel cell 100, and the sample injection module 200 is used for storing the characteristic gas; the gas source module 300 is communicated with the sample injection module 200, wherein the gas source module 300 is used for releasing a first gas and a second gas, the gas source module 300 loads the second gas and the characteristic gas into the gas inlet pipeline 110 by releasing the first gas, and the second gas can provide oxygen for the combustion of the characteristic gas. The flow direction of the first gas when the second gas and the characteristic gas are carried into the gas inlet duct 110 may refer to the direction indicated by the arrow a in fig. 2.
The processing module 400 is electrically connected to the solid oxide fuel cell 100, the sample injection module 200, and the gas source module 300, respectively, the processing module 400 can obtain an electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and calculate a concentration of the characteristic gas, and the processing module 400 controls discharge of the characteristic gas and controls release flow rates of the first gas and the second gas.
In the present embodiment, the sample injection module 200 stores a characteristic gas with a known specific name and volume in advance, and for this purpose, the concentration of the characteristic gas in the sample injection module 200 needs to be measured by the gas detection system in the present invention. When the concentration of the characteristic gas in the sample module 200 needs to be detected, the characteristic gas in the sample module 200 is released, the gas source module 300 simultaneously releases a first gas and a second gas, and the first gas is used for loading the second gas and the characteristic gas into the gas inlet pipeline 110 of the solid oxide fuel cell 100; after the characteristic gas enters the solid oxide fuel cell 100 along the air inlet pipe 110, the characteristic gas is combusted in the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and consumes the oxygen in the second gas and the original oxygen in the solid oxide fuel cell 100, so as to increase the oxygen concentration difference between the outside of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the inside of the solid oxide fuel cell 100, increase the oxygen ion transfer amount generated by the solid oxide fuel cell 100, and generate a variation value of electromotive force in the solid oxide fuel cell 100. Wherein the oxygen ion movement direction can be referred to the direction indicated by the arrow b in fig. 2. The processing module 400 obtains the electromotive force to the solid oxide fuel cell 100 to directly obtain the concentration of the characteristic gas. It should be noted that the solid oxide fuel cell 100 may be placed in a heat source environment, and the characteristic gas is combusted by the heat provided by the heat source environment, and all the related modules are subjected to a high temperature resistant treatment.
In the scheme, a standard curve does not need to be drawn in a calibration method, and after the characteristic gas is loaded into the solid oxide fuel cell 100 to be combusted, the concentration of the characteristic gas can be directly obtained through the processing module 400, so that the detection efficiency can be improved; meanwhile, the concentration of the characteristic gas is directly calculated through the electromotive force change of the solid oxide fuel cell 100, and the measurement accuracy is higher.
In addition, the scheme can also be used for measuring the characteristic gas in a larger concentration range, and the measurement range of the characteristic gas can be adjusted. Specifically, assuming that the concentration of the characteristic gas is high, the characteristic gas consumes a large amount of the second gas, so that the difference between the oxygen concentration outside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the oxygen concentration inside the solid oxide fuel cell increases greatly, and therefore, oxygen ion transfer saturation of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 may occur, and the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 reaches a maximum value and maintains the maximum value for a while, which may cause inaccurate calculation of the oxygen content consumed by the characteristic gas. For example, assuming that the oxygen concentration outside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is 10, and the oxygen concentration inside the solid oxide fuel cell after the second gas is introduced is 5, since the concentration of the characteristic gas is high, the oxygen content inside the solid oxide fuel cell is not enough to consume the full characteristic gas, so that the difference between the concentrations outside and inside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 increases to 10 at the maximum, the fluctuation value of the electromotive force also reaches the maximum, part of the characteristic gas is not completely consumed, and is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 120, which may cause a large error in the measured concentration of the characteristic gas.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the releasing flow rate of the second gas may be increased by the processing module 400, so as to reduce the difference between the oxygen concentration outside the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the oxygen concentration inside the solid oxide fuel cell in the initial condition, so that the oxygen content inside the solid oxide fuel cell can meet the consumption requirement of the characteristic gas, that is, when the characteristic gas is consumed, the difference between the oxygen concentration outside the solid oxide fuel cell and the oxygen concentration inside the solid oxide fuel cell does not reach the maximum value, and at this time, the solid oxide fuel cell 100 may calculate the oxygen consumption of the characteristic gas according to the obtained electromotive force.
Conversely, if the concentration of the characteristic gas is small, the amount of the second gas consumed by the characteristic gas is small, the change in the oxygen concentration difference between the outside and the inside of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is small, and the change in the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is also insignificant, and it is difficult for the processing module 400 to accurately calculate the consumption of the characteristic gas. For this reason, the release flow rate of the second gas may be reduced by the processing module 400, so that the difference in oxygen concentration between the outside of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the inside thereof is increased, and when the characteristic gas is burned, the difference in oxygen concentration between the outside of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the inside thereof is increased, so that the variation in electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is increased. That is, when the oxygen concentration difference is initially large, if the oxygen concentration difference continues to increase, a more significant electromotive force change occurs than when the initial oxygen concentration difference is small.
When the process module 400 dynamically adjusts the release of the second gas in the gas source module 300, it can be appreciated that the gas detection system dynamically adjusts the turndown to achieve a greater concentration range measurement of the characteristic gas.
In order to prolong the combustion time of the characteristic gas in the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and improve the accuracy of the detection of the concentration of the characteristic gas, in one embodiment, the solid oxide includes a combustion chamber 130, wherein the gas inlet pipe 110 and the gas outlet pipe 120 are both located on the same side of the combustion chamber 130, the gas inlet pipe 110 and the gas outlet pipe 120 are respectively communicated with the internal space of the combustion chamber 130 and the external space of the combustion chamber 130, the gas inlet pipe 110 extends to be close to the bottom of the combustion chamber 130, and the gas outlet pipe extends to be far away from the bottom of the combustion chamber 130.
In this embodiment, because the inlet duct 110 and the outlet duct 120 are located on the same side of the combustion chamber 130, and the inlet duct 110 is close to the bottom of the combustion chamber 130, the outlet duct 120 is far away from the bottom of the combustion chamber 130, and after the characteristic gas enters the combustion chamber 130 along the inlet duct 110, the characteristic gas needs to move a certain distance to reach the outlet duct 120, so that the time of the characteristic gas staying in the combustion chamber 130 is prolonged, and the characteristic gas is combusted more sufficiently in the combustion chamber.
In order to switch the characteristic gas in time when multiple measurements of the same characteristic gas or different characteristic gas measurements are performed, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sample injection module 200 includes a rotating disk 210, a plurality of receiving cavities 211 are installed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating disk 210, each receiving cavity 211 is used for receiving the characteristic gas correspondingly, an outlet of each receiving cavity 211 is provided with a third electromagnetic control valve 212, which may be, for example, an electromagnetic check valve, the volume of each receiving cavity 211 is known and approximately the same, and when the rotating disk 210 is driven to rotate, so that the outlet of the third electromagnetic control valve 212 is in butt communication with the gas inlet pipeline 110, the switching of the characteristic gas can be performed by opening the third electromagnetic control valve 212.
The sample introduction module 200 further comprises a driving element, for example, the driving element is a stepping motor, the driving element drives the rotating disc 210 to rotate, when the rotating disc 210 abuts the third electromagnetic control valve 212 at the outlet of one of the housing cavities 211 with the gas inlet pipe 110 of the solid oxide fuel cell 100, at this time, the third electromagnetic control valve 212 is opened, so that the characteristic gas in the housing cavity 211 enters into the gas inlet pipe 110; when the characteristic gas detection is completed, the driving element drives the rotating disc 210 to rotate again, and the previous step is repeated again.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to completely discharge the characteristic gas in the receiving chamber 211, a piston rod 213 may be provided in the receiving chamber 211, an edge of the piston rod 213 may abut against an inner wall of the receiving chamber 211, and the piston rod 213 may be driven to move in the outlet direction of the receiving chamber 211, so that the gas in the receiving chamber 211 is completely pushed into the intake duct 110, and the piston rod 213 may be driven to move by a linear reciprocating mechanism, such as a linear motor or a cylinder.
The rotating disc 210 is detachably arranged on the sample injection module 200, and when all the characteristic gases on one rotating disc 210 are measured, the rotating disc 210 is taken down and replaced by another rotating disc 210; the rotating disc 210 can be fixed on the sample module 200 by clamping.
Considering that in some measurement cases, if the concentration of the characteristic gas is high, increasing the release flow rate of the second gas by the processing module 400 also fails to lower the value of the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 well, for this purpose, two or more solid oxide fuel cells 100 may be connected in series, and the change in the electromotive force of each solid oxide fuel cell 100 is cumulatively calculated by the processing module 400 to obtain the concentration of the characteristic gas. Specifically, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the gas detection system includes at least two solid oxide fuel cells 100, wherein in two adjacent solid oxide fuel cells 100, the gas outlet pipe 120 of the previous solid oxide fuel cell 100 is communicated with the gas inlet pipe 110 of the next solid oxide fuel cell 100; the processing module 400 is electrically connected to each solid oxide fuel cell 100 and obtains an electromotive force variation value of each solid oxide fuel cell 100.
It should be noted that the former solid oxide fuel cell 100 is referred to as being installed and operating, and the latter solid oxide fuel cell 100 is installed, i.e., needs to be connected with the former solid oxide fuel cell 100 and then operates. By simultaneously operating two or more solid oxide fuel cells 100, when measuring a characteristic gas with a larger concentration, the characteristic gas can be completely consumed, so that the accuracy of measuring the characteristic gas with a high concentration is improved.
When different characteristic gases are combusted in solid oxides, the required heat source temperature may be different, for which purpose the heat source temperature needs to be changed. To solve this problem, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the gas detection system further includes a temperature control box 500, wherein the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is located in the temperature control box 500, and the temperature control box 500 provides a heat source for the combustion of the characteristic gas in the solid oxide fuel cell 100. It should be noted that the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is made of a high temperature resistant material, the temperature control box 500 may be a product similar to a heating furnace, and when the characteristic gas is combusted, the temperature control box 500 is generally required to provide a temperature of about 650 ℃ to 750 ℃, although the required temperature ranges are different when the types of the characteristic gas are different, and the operating temperature of the temperature control box 500 may be adaptively adjusted according to requirements.
In the concentration test process of the characteristic gas, since the concentration of the gas is unknown, the measurement cost is increased if two or more solid oxide fuel cells 100 are directly disposed in the temperature control box 500; when the solid oxide fuel cell 100 needs to be added due to the higher concentration of the characteristic gas in the measurement process, at this time, the temperature control box 500 needs to be closed, and another solid oxide fuel cell 100 can be installed only when the solid oxide fuel cell 100 to be located in the temperature control box 500 needs to be cooled, and then the internal temperature of the temperature control box 500 is raised to a specified temperature range; this lengthens the measurement time of the characteristic gas, affecting the measurement efficiency.
In order to solve this problem, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the temperature control box 500 is provided with a transfer passage 510, wherein the transfer passage 510 is used for transferring the solid oxide fuel cell 100 into the temperature control box 500, that is, it can be understood that the transfer passage 510 is used for communicating the inside and the outside of the temperature control box 500; the gas detection system further comprises a transfer module 600, the transfer module 600 is installed in the temperature control box 500, the transfer module 600 is electrically connected to the process module 400 and controlled by the process module 400 to operate, wherein the transfer module 600 comprises a central detection device 610 and at least two holding devices 620, and the holding devices 620 can take out the solid oxide fuel cell 100 from the transfer passage 510; the center detecting device 610 is used to identify the center of the outlet pipe 120 of the previous solid oxide fuel cell 100 so as to guide the holding device 620 to communicate the inlet pipe 110 of the next solid oxide fuel cell 100 with the outlet pipe 120 of the previous solid oxide fuel cell 100.
In this embodiment, when the solid oxide fuel cell 100 needs to be added, the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is placed in the conveying channel 510 of the temperature control box 500, the conveying channel 510 may be configured as an inclined plane or provided with a conveying mechanism such as a conveyor belt, the clamping device 620 in the transfer module 600 located in the temperature control box 500 can clamp the solid oxide fuel cell 100, the center of the air outlet pipe 120 of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 located in the temperature control box 500 is determined by the center detection device 610, and the clamping device 620 is guided to connect and communicate the air inlet pipe 110 of the next solid oxide fuel cell 100 with the air outlet pipe 120 of the previous solid oxide fuel cell 100.
It should be noted that center detecting device 610 may include an image recognition module, and the center of outlet pipe 120 is identified by the image recognition module. The gripping device 620 may be a device including a suction cup, a gripper, or a robot. For example, when the holding device 620 includes a suction cup or a clamp, a plurality of parallel moving rails may be disposed in the temperature control box 500, one holding device 620 may be disposed on each moving rail, and the holding device 620 may move relative to the moving rails, for example, a motor may be used to drive the holding device 620 when moving relative to the rails, which is advantageous in that, because two sofc cells 100 need to be docked, and the inlet pipe 110 and the outlet pipe 120 of the sofc cell 100 are located on the same side, two sofc cells 100 need to be docked relatively, and if the holding devices 620 are all located on the same moving rail, docking of a plurality of sofc cells 100 is not facilitated.
In addition, a connecting sleeve can be arranged between the air outlet pipeline 120 of the previous solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the air inlet pipeline 110 of the next solid oxide fuel cell 100, so that the tightness of the connecting position is improved.
In order to reduce the mutual reaction between the first gas in the gas source module 300 and the characteristic gas and reduce the pollution of the first gas to the environment, the first gas may be nitrogen, and the nitrogen is inert in chemical property and does not react with the characteristic gas in the environment where the characteristic gas is combusted; in addition, the second gas needs to provide oxygen for the combustion of the characteristic gas, for which the second gas may be either oxygen or air, although the measurement cost of pure oxygen is high when considering the measurement cost, air may be selected for this second gas.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the gas source module 300 includes a nitrogen storage bottle 310 and an air generator 320, wherein the nitrogen storage bottle 310 releases a first gas and the air generator 320 releases a second gas. It should be noted that the purity of nitrogen is generally above 99.99%.
Further, in order to control the releasing flow rates of the first gas and the second gas, in one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a first electromagnetic control valve 311 is disposed at the outlet of the nitrogen storage bottle 310, and the first electromagnetic control valve 311 is used for controlling the releasing flow rate of the first gas; the outlet of the air generator 320 is provided with a second electromagnetic control valve 321, and the second electromagnetic control valve 321 is used for controlling the release flow of the second gas; the first solenoid control valve 311 and the second solenoid control valve 321 are electrically connected to the processing module 400, respectively, and are controlled by the processing module 400 to operate.
The discharge flow rate of the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen storage cylinder 310 can be controlled by the first solenoid-operated valve 311, and the discharge flow rate of the air in the air generator 320 can be controlled by the second solenoid-operated valve 321, wherein the first solenoid-operated valve 311 and the second solenoid-operated valve 321 may be flow solenoid valves or proportional solenoid valves.
The invention also provides a detection method for controlling the gas detection system to work. Referring to fig. 7, the specific detection method includes:
s110: loading the characteristic gas into the gas inlet pipeline 110 through the sample injection module 200 and the gas source module 300;
s120: acquiring and judging a variation value of the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 by the processing module 400;
s130: when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is smaller than the maximum threshold value preset by the processing module 400 and larger than the minimum threshold value preset by the processing module 400, the processing module 400 calculates the concentration of the characteristic gas according to the acquired electromotive force of the solid oxide.
In the present embodiment, the maximum threshold and the minimum threshold preset in the processing module 400 are used to better ensure that the current solid oxide fuel cell 100 has no oxygen ion transfer saturation and can obtain a significant change in oxygen ion transfer electromotive force.
It should be noted that after acquiring the electromotive force, the processing module 400 performs the following operations to transfer the acquired electromotive force to the concentration of the characteristic gas, which specifically includes:
establishing the ambient oxygen concentration around the solid oxide fuel cell 100 and the oxygen concentration in the inlet duct 110 establishes the nernst equation:
wherein R is a standard gas constant; t is0Is characterized by the temperature at which the gas is combusted; n is the number of electrons that the solid oxide fuel cell 100 transfers during combustion of the characteristic gas; f is a Faraday constant; p0Is the oxygen partial pressure in the environment external to the solid oxide fuel cell 100; px(t) is the partial pressure of oxygen in the second channel; equation (2) is a modification of equation (1).
The point in time t at which the process module 400 acquires the start of the electromotive force change1Time t until the end of electromotive force2In this case, the oxygen consumption can be set by the following equation (3):
wherein Q is the oxygen consumption of the characteristic gas, L0A release flow rate of the second gas;
suppose that
Q in the formula (3) is
Oxygen content of combustible during the time period
Oxygen consumption over time
Comprises the following steps:
the formula (5) is a modification of the formula (4), and the formula (5) can be calculated by a trapezoidal method or a Runge-Kutta method. Assuming a stoichiometric ratio of N for the reaction of the combustible with oxygen, a characteristic gas volume of V0When the sample introduction pressure is atmospheric pressure P, the concentration C of the characteristic gas can be expressed by the following formula (6):
further, in another embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the detecting method further includes:
s210: when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is greater than the maximum threshold value, the processing module 400 increases the release flow rate of the second gas so that the variation value of the electromotive force is less than the maximum threshold value;
s220: again loading the characteristic gas with the same concentration into the gas inlet pipeline 110 through the sample injection module 200 and the gas source module 300;
s230: the electromotive force is acquired and the concentration of the characteristic gas is calculated by the processing module 400.
In the present embodiment, when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the processing module 400 is greater than the maximum threshold, at which time the concentration of the current characteristic gas may be considered to be high, the solid oxide fuel cell 100 may risk oxygen ion transfer saturation, and for this reason, the accuracy of the characteristic gas concentration measurement may be ensured by increasing the release flow rate of the second gas so that the electromotive force of the processing module 400 is between the maximum threshold and the minimum threshold.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the detection method further includes:
s310: when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is smaller than the minimum threshold, the processing module 400 decreases the release flow rate of the second gas so that the variation value of the electromotive force is larger than the minimum threshold;
s320: loading the characteristic gas with the same concentration into the gas inlet pipeline 110 through the sample injection module 200 and the gas source module 300 again;
s330: the electromotive force is acquired and the concentration of the characteristic gas is calculated by the processing module 400.
In this embodiment, when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the processing module 400 is smaller than the minimum threshold, the concentration of the characteristic gas may be considered to be smaller at this time, and since the variation value of the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell 100 is smaller, the processing module 400 may be more difficult to calculate accurately in calculating the electromotive force value, and therefore, the accuracy of the characteristic gas concentration measurement may be ensured by reducing the release flow rate of the second gas so that the variation value of the electromotive force of the processing module 400 is between the maximum threshold and the minimum threshold.
The invention also provides a gas detection device in transformer oil, and as shown in fig. 10, the system comprises the gas detection system, and an extraction module 700 and a separation module 800 which are communicated, wherein the separation module 800 is communicated with the sample injection module 200; the extraction module 700 is used to extract a variety of different characteristic gases from the oil, and the extraction module 700 may be a vacuum degasser; the separation module 800 is used for separating the plurality of characteristic gases in the extraction module 700, the separation module 800 may be a chromatographic column, and the separation module 800 sequentially conveys the plurality of separated characteristic gases to the sample injection module 200; the separation module 800 and the extraction module 700 are respectively electrically connected to the processing module 400 and controlled by the processing module 400 to operate.
In the embodiment, by providing the gas detection system in the gas detection device in the transformer oil and combining the extraction module 700 and the separation module 800, the operations of extracting, separating, and obtaining the concentration of the characteristic gas dissolved in the oil can be integrally performed, so that the efficiency and the accuracy of measuring the concentration of the characteristic gas are improved.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only show several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A gas detection system, comprising:
the solid oxide fuel cell comprises an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, wherein the air inlet pipeline is used for enabling characteristic gas to enter the solid oxide fuel cell, the air outlet pipeline is used for enabling gas generated when the characteristic gas is combusted to be discharged, and the characteristic gas generates electromotive force change when being combusted in the solid oxide fuel cell;
the sample injection module is communicated with the gas inlet pipeline and is used for storing the characteristic gas;
the sample introduction module comprises a rotating disc, a plurality of containing cavities are circumferentially arranged at intervals on the rotating disc, each containing cavity is used for correspondingly containing the characteristic gas, a third electromagnetic control valve is arranged at an outlet of each containing cavity, and when the outlet of the third electromagnetic control valve is in butt joint communication with the air inlet pipeline, the third electromagnetic control valve is opened;
the gas source module is communicated with the sample injection module and is used for generating a first gas and a second gas, the first gas loads the second gas and the characteristic gas into the gas inlet pipeline, and the second gas can provide oxygen for combustion of the characteristic gas;
the gas source module comprises a nitrogen storage bottle and an air generator, the nitrogen storage bottle releases the first gas, and the air generator is used for releasing the second gas;
the processing module is respectively electrically connected with the solid oxide fuel cell, the sample injection module and the gas source module; the processing module can acquire the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell and calculate the concentration of the characteristic gas; the processing module controls the discharge of the characteristic gas and the release flow rates of the first gas and the second gas according to a change in electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell.
2. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the solid oxide fuel cell comprises a combustion chamber;
the admission line with the pipeline of giving vent to anger is located the homonymy of combustion chamber, the admission line with the pipeline of giving vent to anger communicates respectively the inner space of combustion chamber with the exterior space of combustion chamber, the admission line extends to be close to the bottom of combustion chamber, the pipeline of giving vent to anger extends to and keeps away from the bottom of combustion chamber.
3. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the gas detection system comprises at least two of the solid oxide fuel cells;
in two adjacent solid oxide fuel cells, the air outlet pipeline of the former solid oxide fuel cell is communicated with the air inlet pipeline of the latter solid oxide fuel cell;
the processing module is electrically connected with each solid oxide fuel cell respectively and obtains the electromotive force of each solid oxide fuel cell.
4. The gas detection system of claim 3, further comprising a temperature control box electrically connected to the processing module and controlled by the processing module; the solid oxide fuel cell is positioned in the temperature control box, and the temperature control box provides a heat source for the combustion of the characteristic gas in the solid oxide fuel cell.
5. The gas detection system of claim 4, wherein the temperature controlled box is provided with a transfer channel for transporting the solid oxide fuel cell into the temperature controlled box;
the gas detection system also comprises a transfer module, the transfer module is arranged in the temperature control box, the transfer module is electrically connected with the processing module and controlled by the processing module to work, the transfer module comprises a central detection device and at least two clamping devices, and the clamping devices can take out the solid oxide fuel cell from the conveying channel;
the center detection device is used for identifying the center of the air outlet pipeline of the previous solid oxide fuel cell so as to guide the clamping device to communicate the air inlet pipeline of the next solid oxide fuel cell with the air outlet pipeline of the previous solid oxide fuel cell.
6. The gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein a first electromagnetic control valve is provided at an outlet of the nitrogen storage bottle, and the first electromagnetic control valve is used for controlling a release flow rate of the first gas; a second electromagnetic control valve is arranged at the outlet of the air generator and used for controlling the release flow of the second gas;
the first electromagnetic control valve and the second electromagnetic control valve are respectively electrically connected with the processing module and controlled by the processing module to work.
7. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the sample module further comprises a drive element that drives the rotating disk to rotate.
8. A detection method for controlling the gas detection system of claim 1, the detection method comprising:
loading the characteristic gas into the gas inlet pipeline through the sample introduction module and the gas source module;
acquiring and judging a variation value of the electromotive force of the solid oxide fuel cell through the processing module;
when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the solid oxide fuel cell is smaller than a maximum threshold value preset by the processing module and larger than a minimum threshold value preset by the processing module, the processing module calculates the concentration of the characteristic gas according to the acquired electromotive force of the solid oxide.
9. The detection method according to claim 8, wherein when the variation value of the electromotive force acquired by the processing module is greater than the maximum threshold value, the processing module increases the release flow rate of the second gas so that the variation value of the electromotive force is less than the maximum threshold value;
loading the characteristic gas with the same concentration into the gas inlet pipeline through the sample introduction module and the gas source module again;
and acquiring the electromotive force and calculating the concentration of the characteristic gas through the processing module.
10. A gas detection device in transformer oil, comprising the gas detection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and an extraction module and a separation module which are communicated, wherein the separation module is communicated with the sample injection module;
the extraction module is used for extracting a plurality of different characteristic gases from oil;
the separation module is used for separating a plurality of characteristic gases in the extraction module, and the separation module sequentially conveys the separated characteristic gases to the sample injection module; the separation module and the extraction module are respectively electrically connected with the processing module and controlled by the processing module to work.
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