CN114508360A - Multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock stratum - Google Patents
Multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock stratum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114508360A CN114508360A CN202210146907.3A CN202210146907A CN114508360A CN 114508360 A CN114508360 A CN 114508360A CN 202210146907 A CN202210146907 A CN 202210146907A CN 114508360 A CN114508360 A CN 114508360A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- main
- shoe
- supporting
- wall
- main beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0621—Shield advancing devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0692—Cutter drive shields
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-mode hard rock heading machine applicable to complex rock stratums, which comprises a main beam, a main drive arranged at the front end of the main beam, a cutter head rotatably connected to the front end of the main drive, a main supporting shoe mechanism axially slidably arranged on the main beam and used for supporting a tunnel wall or a duct piece, a main propulsion cylinder connected between the main beam and the main supporting shoe mechanism and used for pushing the main beam to advance, an assembling machine arranged on the main beam and used for assembling a tunnel wall supporting arch frame or a duct piece, an auxiliary supporting shoe mechanism axially slidably arranged on the main beam and used for assisting in direction adjustment, and a plurality of auxiliary propulsion cylinders circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the main drive and used for abutting against the end wall of the duct piece and used for pushing the main beam to advance. The multi-mode hard rock tunneling machine suitable for the complex rock stratum disclosed by the invention can be suitable for the complex rock stratum environment, realize multiple tunneling modes and improve the structural utilization rate and the interactivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling, in particular to a multi-mode hard rock tunneling machine suitable for complex rock strata.
Background
The full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine is large tunnel construction equipment integrating mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, optical and gas systems, comprises an open type and a shield type, can be used for boring, supporting, deslagging and other construction processes and performing continuous operation, has the advantages of high boring speed, environmental protection, high comprehensive benefit and the like, and is rapidly increased in application in tunnel engineering of railways, hydropower, traffic, mines, municipal works and the like.
The open-type hard rock heading machine tightly props the wall of the tunnel through the supporting shoes, the supporting shoes are propped by the propelling oil cylinder to provide advancing power for the main machine, the hard rock heading machine is short in shield body and low in blocking risk, but under the adverse geological conditions of soft rock, breakage and the like, the problems of large supporting workload, insufficient supporting force of the supporting shoes, high safety risk and the like exist, and the heading efficiency is greatly reduced.
The shield type hard rock heading machine adopts a duct piece supporting mode, the propelling oil cylinder pushes the duct piece to drive the main machine to advance, the hard rock heading machine has better heading performance under hard rock, soft rock and broken surrounding rock, but the shield body is longer, the risk of blocking is higher, particularly in a large-deformation convergence stratum, the blocking problem processing time is long, and the heading efficiency is influenced.
Therefore, in the face of complex and variable surrounding rock conditions, the development machine adopting any single form has certain limitation, and cannot completely meet the construction requirements. At present, aiming at the problem that a single-form hard rock tunneling machine is poor in adaptability under complex and various stratum conditions, a solution adopted is to design a double-structure hard rock tunneling machine, and combine the advantages of a shield type and an open type to realize flexible switching of tunneling modes under different geological conditions.
However, the double-structure hard rock heading machine in the prior art is relatively complex in structural design, the two sets of structures are independent of each other and are operated and controlled independently, when one set of structure is used for heading in a corresponding mode, the other set of structure is in a locked state and cannot be effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of the whole structure is relatively low.
Therefore, how to adapt to the complex rock formation environment, realize multiple tunneling modes, and improve the structural utilization rate and interactivity is a technical problem faced by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-mode hard rock tunneling machine suitable for a complex rock stratum, which can adapt to the environment of the complex rock stratum, realize multiple tunneling modes and improve the structural utilization rate and interactivity.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock stratums, which comprises a main beam, a main drive arranged at the front end of the main beam, a cutter head rotatably connected to the front end of the main drive, a main supporting shoe mechanism which is axially slidably arranged on the main beam and used for supporting a hole wall or a duct piece, a main propulsion cylinder which is connected between the main beam and the main supporting shoe mechanism and used for pushing the main beam to advance, an assembling machine which is arranged on the main beam and used for assembling a hole wall supporting arch frame or a duct piece, an auxiliary supporting shoe mechanism which is axially slidably arranged on the main beam and used for assisting direction adjustment, and a plurality of auxiliary propulsion cylinders which are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the main drive, used for abutting against the end wall of the duct piece and used for pushing the main beam to advance.
Preferably, the anchor rod drilling machine is arranged on the main beam and used for bolting a hole wall.
Preferably, the spraying and mixing device further comprises a spraying and mixing head which is arranged on the main beam and used for spraying concrete to the hole wall.
Preferably, the rear support shoe mechanism is axially slidably arranged on the main beam and used for supporting and tightening the bottom surface of the tunnel wall or the duct piece.
Preferably, the tunnel boring machine further comprises a shield mechanism which is distributed on the outer wall of the main drive along the circumferential direction and used for protecting the main drive and supporting the tunnel wall.
Preferably, the main shoe supporting mechanism comprises a saddle frame slidably sleeved on the main beam, main shoe supporting oil cylinders horizontally and transversely arranged on two sides of the saddle frame, and main shoe supporting plates arranged at output ends of the main shoe supporting oil cylinders and used for supporting the wall of the hole tightly.
Preferably, the main supporting shoe mechanism further comprises a plurality of torque cylinders, one ends of the torque cylinders are rotatably connected with the cylinder bodies of the main supporting shoe cylinders, the other ends of the torque cylinders are connected with the side walls of the saddles, and the torque cylinders are respectively distributed on two sides of the main beam.
Preferably, the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism comprises saddle supporting legs vertically connected to two sides of the bottom surface of the saddle, auxiliary shoe supporting oil cylinders horizontally and transversely arranged on the outer side walls of the saddle supporting legs, auxiliary shoe supporting shoe plates arranged at the output ends of the auxiliary shoe supporting oil cylinders and used for supporting a duct piece tightly, saddle supporting leg oil cylinders vertically embedded in the saddle supporting legs, and bottom shoe plates connected to the output ends of the saddle supporting leg oil cylinders and used for supporting the bottom surface of the duct piece tightly.
Preferably, the rear leg shoe supporting mechanism comprises a rear leg frame slidably sleeved on the main beam, rear leg cylinders vertically connected to two sides of the bottom surface of the rear leg frame, and a rear leg shoe plate connected to the output ends of the rear leg cylinders and used for supporting the bottom surface of the tunnel wall or the duct piece tightly.
Preferably, shield mechanism including distribute in top shield on the roof of main drive, distribute in side shield on the lateral wall of main drive's both sides, distribute in end shield on the diapire of main drive to and along the hoop distribute in on the outer wall of main drive and respectively with top shield side shield end shield links to each other, is used for making shield mechanism props up the shield hydro-cylinder of tight hole wall.
The invention provides a multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock strata. The main beam is a main structure of the heading machine and is mainly used for mounting and bearing other structures. The main drive is arranged at the front end of the main beam, the cutter head is connected to the output end of the main drive and is mainly used for rotating under the drive of the main drive to realize the excavation of the tunnel face. The main supporting shoe mechanism is arranged on the main beam and can axially slide on the main beam, namely, the main supporting shoe mechanism slides along the length direction of the main beam or the depth direction of the tunnel so as to realize position adjustment, and the main supporting shoe mechanism is mainly used for tightly supporting the wall of the tunnel or the inner wall of the assembled duct piece so as to realize clamping and fixing with the tunnel or the duct piece. The main propulsion oil cylinder is connected between the main beam and the main supporting shoe mechanism, is generally distributed along the length direction of the main beam, and is mainly used for realizing propulsion of the main beam through back support of the main supporting shoe mechanism so as to realize the tunneling movement of the tunneling machine. The assembling machine is arranged on the main beam, is generally positioned in the middle section area of the main beam, and is mainly used for assembling a tunnel wall supporting arch frame in an open type tunneling mode or assembling duct pieces in a shield type tunneling mode so as to support the tunnel wall. The auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism is also arranged on the main beam and can axially slide on the main beam to realize position adjustment, and the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism is mainly used for tightly supporting the inner wall of the assembled duct piece and realizing the clamping fixation between the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism and the duct piece. The auxiliary propulsion cylinders are distributed on the outer wall of the main drive along the annular direction, are provided with a plurality of auxiliary propulsion cylinders, are generally distributed along the length direction of the main beam, are mainly used for extending out of the end walls of the duct pieces which are assembled to form butt joints, and realize propulsion of the main drive and the main beam through back bracing of the duct pieces, thereby realizing the tunneling movement of the tunneling machine. Therefore, the multi-mode hard rock tunneling machine suitable for the complex rock stratum provided by the invention can perform open-mode tunneling in the face of a hard rock environment, the tunnel wall is mainly supported by the main supporting shoe mechanism, tunneling is realized by the main pushing oil cylinder, and the tunnel wall supporting arch frame is assembled by the assembling machine; the shield type tunneling can be carried out in the face of soft rock environment, the segment is assembled by mainly utilizing an assembling machine, the segment is tightly supported by an auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism, the tunneling is realized by utilizing an auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder, or the tunneling is realized by simultaneously utilizing a main shoe supporting mechanism to tightly support a hole wall or the segment and the main propulsion oil cylinder. Compared with the prior art, the method can adapt to complex rock stratum environments, realize multiple tunneling modes and improve the structure utilization rate and the interactivity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a specific structural schematic diagram of the main shoe supporting mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a specific structural schematic diagram of the rear leg support boot mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the shield mechanism.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional structure comparison diagram after left-right adjustment by the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism.
Wherein, in fig. 1-6:
the system comprises a main beam-1, a main drive-2, a cutter head-3, a main supporting shoe mechanism-4, a main propulsion oil cylinder-5, an erector-6, an auxiliary supporting shoe mechanism-7, an auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder-8, a jumbolter-9, a spray mixing head-10, a rear supporting leg supporting shoe mechanism-11 and a shield mechanism-12;
saddle-41, main supporting shoe cylinder-42, main supporting shoe plate-43, torque cylinder-44, saddle supporting leg-71, auxiliary supporting shoe cylinder-72, auxiliary supporting shoe plate-73, saddle supporting leg cylinder-74, bottom shoe plate-75, supporting leg platform-76, fine adjustment cylinder-77, rear supporting leg frame-111, rear supporting leg cylinder-112, rear supporting leg shoe plate-113, top shield-121, side shield-122, bottom shield-123, shield cylinder-124 and lap shield-125.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment provided by the invention, the multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock strata mainly comprises a main beam 1, a main drive 2, a cutter head 3, a main shoe supporting mechanism 4, a main propulsion oil cylinder 5, an erector 6, an auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7 and an auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder 8.
The main beam 1 is a main structure of the development machine and is mainly used for mounting and bearing other structures.
The main drive 2 is arranged at the front end of the main beam 1, and the cutter head 3 is connected to the output end of the main drive 2 and is mainly used for performing rotary motion under the drive of the main drive 2 to realize excavation of a tunnel face.
The main supporting shoe mechanism 4 is arranged on the main beam 1 and can axially slide on the main beam 1, namely, slide along the length direction of the main beam 1 or the depth direction of the tunnel, so as to realize position adjustment, and is mainly used for tightly supporting the hole wall of the tunnel or the inner wall of the assembled duct piece and realizing the clamping fixation with the tunnel or the duct piece.
The main propulsion oil cylinders 5 are connected between the main beam 1 and the main supporting shoe mechanisms 4, are generally distributed along the length direction of the main beam 1, and are mainly used for realizing propulsion of the main beam 1 through back support of the main supporting shoe mechanisms 4 and further realizing the tunneling movement of the tunneling machine.
The assembling machine 6 is arranged on the main beam 1, is generally positioned in the middle section area of the main beam 1, and is mainly used for assembling a tunnel wall supporting arch frame in an open type tunneling mode or assembling duct pieces in a shield type tunneling mode so as to support the tunnel wall.
The auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7 is also arranged on the main beam 1 and can axially slide on the main beam 1 to realize position adjustment, is mainly used for tightly supporting the inner wall of the assembled duct piece and realizes the clamping fixation between the duct piece and the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism.
The auxiliary propulsion oil cylinders 8 are distributed on the outer wall of the main drive 2 along the annular direction, are provided with a plurality of auxiliary propulsion oil cylinders, are generally distributed along the length direction of the main beam 1, are mainly used for extending out to the end wall of the duct piece assembled to form butt joint, and realize the propulsion of the main drive 2 and the main beam 1 through the back bracing of the duct piece, thereby realizing the tunneling movement of the tunneling machine.
Thus, the multi-mode hard rock heading machine applicable to complex rock strata provided by the embodiment can perform open-mode heading when facing a hard rock environment, mainly tightly props up a tunnel wall through the main supporting shoe mechanism 4, realizes heading by using the main propulsion oil cylinder 5, and simultaneously assembles a tunnel wall supporting arch by using the assembling machine 6; the shield type tunneling can be carried out in the face of soft rock environment, the segment is mainly assembled by the assembling machine 6, the segment is tightly supported by the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7, and the tunneling is realized by the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder 8, or the tunneling is realized by the main shoe supporting mechanism 4 and the main propulsion oil cylinder 5 together by tightly supporting the tunnel wall or the segment. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device can adapt to complex rock stratum environments, realize multiple tunneling modes and improve the structure utilization rate and interactivity.
In the open tunneling mode, in order to improve the support of the tunnel wall, the anchor drilling machine 9 is additionally arranged in the embodiment. Specifically, the jumbolter 9 is arranged on the main beam 1, the specific arrangement position of the jumbolter can be close to the assembling machine 6, and the jumbolter is mainly used for drilling the tunnel wall and inserting an anchor rod to form support.
Similarly, in order to further improve the support of the tunnel wall, the spraying and mixing head 10 is additionally arranged in the embodiment. Specifically, the spraying and mixing head 10 is arranged on the main beam 1, and the specific arrangement position of the spraying and mixing head can be close to the anchor rod drilling machine 9, and is mainly used for spraying concrete to the tunnel wall to form a concrete layer for primary support.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of the main shoe supporting mechanism 4.
In an alternative embodiment with respect to the main shoe mechanism 4, the main shoe mechanism 4 mainly includes a saddle 41, a main shoe cylinder 42, and a main shoe plate 43. Wherein, the saddle 41 is sleeved on the main beam 1 and can slide along the length direction of the main beam 1 to adjust the specific position. The main shoe supporting oil cylinders 42 are arranged on the saddle 41 and are arranged along the horizontal transverse direction, generally distributed at two sides of the bottom of the saddle 41 and respectively extend and retract towards the transverse left side and the transverse right side. The main supporting shoe plate 43 is connected to the output ends of the main supporting shoe cylinders 42 at two sides, and is mainly used for tightly supporting the tunnel wall under the driving of the main supporting shoe cylinders 42 to realize clamping and fixing.
When the heading machine needs to be adjusted left and right, only the extension strokes of the main supporting shoe oil cylinders 42 on the two sides need to be controlled respectively. Specifically, when the left main supporting shoe oil cylinder 42 extends out and the right main supporting shoe oil cylinder 42 retracts, the left main supporting shoe oil cylinder 42 is abutted against the left hole wall, so that the heading machine is pushed to be steered to the right through counter force; on the contrary, when the right main supporting shoe oil cylinder 42 extends out and the left main supporting shoe oil cylinder 42 retracts, the right main supporting shoe oil cylinder 42 is abutted against the right hole wall, and therefore the heading machine is pushed to be adjusted to the left through counter force. Of course, if the main shoe supporting cylinder 42 is in operation, and the auxiliary shoe supporting cylinder 72 in the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7 is also in operation state at the same time, the auxiliary shoe supporting cylinder 72 and the main shoe supporting cylinder 42 need to be in synchronous operation state when the left and right direction is adjusted.
In addition, in order to realize the pitching and rolling adjustment of the heading machine, a torque cylinder 44 is additionally arranged in the embodiment. Specifically, the torque cylinders 44 are arranged at the lateral sides of the saddle 41 or the main beam 1, one end of each torque cylinder is rotatably connected to the cylinder bodies of the main shoe cylinders 42 at the two sides, and the other end of each torque cylinder is connected to the side walls at the two sides of the saddle 41. With the arrangement, when the heading machine needs to be pitched, the front end of the main beam 1 can be tilted up or sunk only by synchronously extending or retracting the torque cylinders 44 on the two sides; when the heading machine needs to be laterally rolled, the telescopic distances of the torque cylinders 44 on the two sides are calculated respectively according to the lateral rolling angle, so that a circumferential torque effect can be formed on the saddle 41, and the main beam 1 is laterally rolled.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7.
In an alternative embodiment of the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7, the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7 mainly includes a saddle leg 71, an auxiliary shoe supporting cylinder 72, an auxiliary shoe supporting plate 73, a saddle leg cylinder 74, and a bottom shoe plate 75. The saddle support legs 71 are vertically connected to two sides of the bottom surface of the saddle 41, and generally have two legs connected to each other, and have a certain length and extend downward in the vertical direction. The auxiliary shoe supporting cylinders 72 are disposed on the side walls of the respective saddle support legs 71, are generally distributed in the horizontal direction, are respectively located on both lateral sides of the saddle 41, and are respectively extended and retracted in the lateral direction. The auxiliary supporting shoe plates 73 are arranged at the output ends of the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinders 72, and are driven by the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinders 72 to tightly support the inner walls of the segments spliced by the splicing machine 6, so that clamping and fixing are realized. The saddle leg cylinders 74 are embedded in the saddle legs 71, are distributed in the vertical direction, and are retractable in the vertical direction. The bottom shoe plate 75 is connected to the output end of each saddle-leg oil cylinder 74, is generally located at the bottom end of each saddle-leg oil cylinder 74, and is mainly used for tightly supporting the bottom surface of the duct piece under the driving of the saddle-leg oil cylinders 74, so that clamping fixation is realized, and the static friction force between the duct piece and the bottom shoe plate is enhanced.
With the arrangement, in the shield type tunneling mode, the assembling machine 6 is mainly used for assembling the duct pieces to form support for the tunnel wall, and the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinder 8 is mainly used for pushing the tunneling machine to advance. Specifically, after the assembling machine 6 completes the assembling of the duct piece, each auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinder 72 extends out, so that each auxiliary supporting shoe plate 73 compresses the inner walls of the two sides of the duct piece respectively, and meanwhile, each saddle supporting leg oil cylinder 74 extends out simultaneously, so that the bottom shoe plate 75 compresses the inner wall of the bottom surface of the duct piece. After the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7 and the duct piece are clamped and fixed, the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 8 extends out again and is abutted against the front end wall of the currently assembled duct piece, so that the main drive 2 and the main beam 1 are pushed to advance by the counter force formed by the duct piece end wall on the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 8, and tunneling is realized.
In the tunneling process, when the heading machine needs to be adjusted left and right, similar to the open tunneling mode, only the telescopic strokes of the auxiliary shoe supporting cylinders 72 on the two sides need to be controlled respectively. Specifically, when the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinder 72 on the left side extends out and the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinder 72 on the right side retracts, the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinder 72 on the left side is abutted against the inner wall of the left side of the duct piece, so that the heading machine is pushed to be steered to the right through counter force; on the contrary, when the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinder 72 on the right side extends out and the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinder 72 on the left side retracts, the auxiliary supporting shoe oil cylinder 72 on the right side is abutted against the inner wall of the right side of the duct piece, and therefore the heading machine is pushed to be turned leftwards through counter force. Of course, if the main shoe supporting cylinder 42 in the main shoe supporting mechanism 4 is also in the operating state when the auxiliary shoe supporting cylinder 72 is operating, the main shoe supporting cylinder 42 and the auxiliary shoe supporting cylinder 72 need to be in the synchronous operating state when the left and right direction is adjusted.
In addition, when the pitching direction adjustment of the heading machine is carried out, the front end of the main beam 1 can be tilted up or sunk only by synchronously extending or retracting the saddle support leg oil cylinders 74 on the two sides; when the heading machine is used for adjusting the rolling direction, the telescopic distances of the saddle support leg oil cylinders 74 on the two sides are calculated respectively according to the rolling angle, so that the circumferential torque effect can be formed on the saddle 41, and the main beam 1 can be adjusted in the rolling direction.
Further, in this embodiment, a leg platform 76 is additionally provided in the auxiliary shoe mechanism 7. Specifically, the supporting leg platform 76 is arranged at the bottom of the saddle supporting leg 71 and is generally distributed in a horizontal state, and a sliding rail is horizontally arranged on the surface of the supporting leg platform 76, so that when the left and right direction adjustment is performed through the auxiliary supporting shoe mechanism 7, the saddle supporting leg 71 can synchronously slide with the main beam 1 on the sliding rail of the supporting leg platform 76, the friction is reduced, the abrasion of the saddle supporting leg 71 is reduced, and the control difficulty is reduced.
Moreover, when the heading machine is in the shield type heading mode, although the heading machine is mainly realized by clamping and fixing the auxiliary shoe supporting mechanism 7 and the duct piece and by using the auxiliary propulsion cylinder 8, the heading machine can also be realized by using the main shoe supporting mechanism 4. Specifically, after the inner wall of section of jurisdiction is propped tightly respectively to supplementary boots shoe plate 73, main boots oil cylinder 42 also can stretch out in step, and make main boots shoe plate 43 prop up another regional inner wall or the tunnel cave wall of section of jurisdiction, at this moment, not only supplementary thrust cylinder 8 can form the counter-force propulsion effect to the entry driving machine through the butt to the section of jurisdiction end wall, main thrust cylinder 5 also can form the counter-force propulsion effect to the entry driving machine through the butt to section of jurisdiction inner wall or tunnel cave wall, thereby strengthen total thrust by a wide margin, be favorable to getting rid of poverty when the entry driving machine is being stuck fast.
In addition, when the saddle-type leg cylinders 74 are extended, in order to ensure that the bottom shoe plates 75 can stably support the bottom surface of the duct piece and prevent situations such as excessive local pressure or unstable tunneling due to the fact that the bottom shoe plates 75 are not attached to the bottom surface of the duct piece, in the present embodiment, a control method for specific extension strokes of the saddle-type leg cylinders 74 on both sides and a fine adjustment cylinder 77 for adjusting the cylinder pressure are added.
The fine tuning cylinder 77 is generally disposed at the bottom of the left or right saddle-frame leg cylinder 74, and the telescopic end of the fine tuning cylinder 77 is connected to the bottom shoe plate 75, so as to perform horizontal and horizontal telescopic movement, thereby driving the bottom shoe plate 75 to perform fine tuning of horizontal and horizontal displacement.
Setting the extending strokes of the left saddle-type leg oil cylinder 74 and the right saddle-type leg oil cylinder 74 as d1 and d2 respectively, specifically detecting the pressures of the left saddle-type leg oil cylinder 74 and the right saddle-type leg oil cylinder 74 respectively through pressure sensors in the saddle-type leg oil cylinders 74, if the pressures on the two sides are unequal, controlling the fine adjustment oil cylinder 77 to slightly extend or retract, specifically, if the pressure of the left saddle-type leg oil cylinder 74 is greater than the pressure of the right saddle-type leg oil cylinder 74, extending the fine adjustment oil cylinder 77; on the contrary, if the pressure of the left saddle support oil cylinder 74 is smaller than that of the right saddle support oil cylinder 74, the fine adjustment oil cylinder 77 retracts until the pressures of the saddle support oil cylinders 74 on the two sides are equal.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a cross-sectional structure comparison diagram after the right and left adjustment by the auxiliary shoe mechanism 7.
To facilitate precise control of the extension strokes d1, d2 of the left and right side saddle leg cylinders 74, as shown, the center coordinate of the cutterhead 3 is known as O (x)0，y0) The central coordinate of the main beam 1 of the heading machine in the forward direction can be obtained as M (x)1，y1) And the top center coordinate of the left side saddle leg cylinder 74 is A (x)2，y2) And the top center coordinate of the right side saddle leg cylinder 74 is B (x)3，y3) And a and b are fixed distances that can be measured, then: x is the number of2＝x1-a，y2＝y1-b，x3＝x1+a，y3＝y1-b。
After the direction is adjusted, the position of the center coordinate M of the main beam 1 is changed, and the changed M is recorded as M' (x)1’，y1'), A is denoted as A' (x)2’，y2'), B denotes B' (x)3’，y3'). The current extension stroke s of the auxiliary shoe supporting cylinder 72 on the left side at the moment is detected by the stroke sensor1And the current extension stroke s of the auxiliary shoe cylinder 72 on the right side2Then the change value of the M point in the X-axis direction is q1＝(s1-s2) 2, i.e. x1’＝x1+q1。
At the same time, the current extension stroke s of the torque cylinder 44 is detected by the stroke sensor3And the current extension stroke s of the saddle leg cylinder 744The change value q of the M point in the Y axis direction2＝s3+s4I.e. y1’＝y1+q2。
Thus, there are: x is the number of2’＝x1’-a，y2’＝y1’-b，x3’＝x1’+a，y3’＝y1’-b。
If R is the tunnel radius (when the shoe plate 75 is tightly supported on the tube sheet, R is R-c; c is the tube sheet thickness), L is0The total length of the cylinder barrel, L, of the saddle leg cylinder 741The extended stroke, L, of the left side saddle leg cylinder 742Is the extended stroke of the right side saddle leg cylinder 74, h1Distance of the point of position A' to the Y-axis, h2Is the vertical distance from A' to the wall of the hole and h1Difference of (a), h3The vertical distance h from the point B' to the wall of the hole1The difference of (d) then has:
①h1＝|y`2-x0|
②
③
④d1＝h1+h2-L0-L1
⑤d2＝h1+h3-L0-L2
the extension strokes of the left saddle support leg oil cylinder 74 and the right saddle support leg oil cylinder 74 can be accurately controlled respectively through the formulas (iv) and (v).
Fig. 4 is a detailed structural schematic view of the rear leg support shoe mechanism 11, as shown in fig. 4.
In order to conveniently adjust the tunneling stroke of the tunneling machine and prevent the unstable phenomenon in the stroke alternating process, the rear support shoe supporting mechanism 11 is additionally arranged in the embodiment. Specifically, the rear leg boot supporting mechanism 11 is disposed on the main girder 1, and is specifically located at a rear end position (based on a heading direction) of the main girder 1, and mainly includes a rear leg frame 111, a rear leg cylinder 112, and a rear leg boot plate 113. Wherein, the rear leg frame 111 can be slidably sleeved on the main beam 1 and can slide along the length direction of the main beam 1 to adjust the position. The rear leg cylinder 112 is vertically connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the rear leg frame 111, and is extendable in the vertical direction. The rear leg shoe plate 113 is connected to the output end of each rear leg cylinder 112, and is mainly used for extending under the driving of the rear leg cylinder 112 and supporting the bottom surface of a tunnel wall or a duct piece tightly.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the shield mechanism 12.
Considering that when the cutter head 3 rotates, if the part of the main drive 2 is exposed, the tunnel wall corresponding to the area of the main drive 2 is not supported temporarily, and there may be a safety risk, and the assembling machine 6 or the jumbolter 9 and the like are all arranged in the middle area of the main beam 1, and it is difficult to support the area of the main drive 2, for this reason, the shield mechanism 12 is further arranged on the outer wall of the main drive 2 in the circumferential direction, so as to protect the main drive 2 through the shield mechanism 12, and simultaneously support the front section of the tunnel wall.
The shield mechanism 12 mainly includes a top shield 121, a side shield 122, a bottom shield 123, an overlap shield 125 and a shield cylinder 124. Wherein, the top shield 121 is positioned at the top of the main drive 2 and is mainly used for supporting the top surface of the tunnel wall. The side shields 122 are located on the left and right sides of the main drive 2 and are mainly used for supporting the lateral sides of the tunnel wall. The bottom shield 123 is located at the bottom of the main drive 2 and is mainly used for forming stable support with the bottom surface of the hole wall. Since the top shield 121 and the side shield 122 are difficult to directly butt to form a hermetic seal, in the embodiment, the transition connection between the top shield 121 and the side shield 122 is mainly realized by the overlap shield 125. The shield body oil cylinder 124 is arranged on the outer wall of the main drive 2 and is used for driving the top shield 121, the side shield 122 and the bottom shield 123 to stretch and retract along the radial direction so as to tightly support the tunnel wall from different directions to form support.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-mode hard rock entry driving machine that is adapted to complicated stratum, its characterized in that, including girder (1), set up in main drive (2) of girder (1) front end, rotatably connect in blade disc (3) of main drive (2) front end, but set up axially slidable in main supporting shoe mechanism (4) that are used for propping tight hole wall or section of jurisdiction on girder (1), connect in girder (1) with between main supporting shoe mechanism (4) and be used for promoting main girder (1) gos forward main propulsion cylinder (5), set up in on girder (1) and be used for assembling erector (6) of hole wall support bow member or section of jurisdiction, but set up axially slidable in on girder (1) and be used for supplementary boots mechanism (7) that prop of direction, and distribute in the hoop on the outer wall of main drive (2) and be used for with the end wall butt of section of jurisdiction, And the auxiliary propulsion oil cylinders (8) are used for pushing the main beam (1) to advance.
2. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine adapted to complex rock formations of claim 1, further comprising a jumbolter (9) disposed on the main beam (1) for bolting a wall of a hole.
3. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine adapted to complex rock formations according to claim 1, further comprising a spray head (10) provided on the main beam (1) for spraying concrete to a cavity wall.
4. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine adapted to complex rock formations of claim 1, further comprising a rear leg support shoe mechanism (11) axially slidably disposed on the main beam (1) for supporting the bottom surface of a tunnel wall or segment.
5. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine adapted to a complex rock formation according to claim 1, further comprising a shield mechanism (12) circumferentially distributed on an outer wall of the main drive (2) for shielding the main drive (2) and supporting a wall of a hole.
6. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine adapted to complex rock formations according to claim 1, wherein the main supporting shoe mechanism (4) comprises a saddle (41) slidably fitted over the main beam (1), main supporting shoe cylinders (42) horizontally arranged on both sides of the saddle (41), and a main supporting shoe plate (43) arranged at an output end of each main supporting shoe cylinder (42) for supporting a tunnel wall.
7. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine applicable to complex rock formations according to claim 6, wherein the main supporting shoe mechanism (4) further comprises a plurality of torque cylinders (44) with one ends rotatably connected with the cylinder bodies of the main supporting shoe cylinders (42) and the other ends connected with the side walls of the saddles (41), and the torque cylinders (44) are respectively distributed on two sides of the main beam (1).
8. The multi-mode hard rock ripper adapted to a complex rock formation according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary shoe mechanism (7) includes saddle support legs (71) vertically connected to both sides of a bottom surface of the saddle (41), auxiliary shoe cylinders (72) horizontally and transversely provided on outer side walls of the respective saddle support legs (71), auxiliary shoe shoes (73) provided on output ends of the respective auxiliary shoe cylinders (72) and adapted to support a segment, saddle support leg cylinders (74) vertically embedded in the respective saddle support legs (71), and a bottom shoe (75) connected to output ends of the respective saddle support leg cylinders (74) and adapted to support a bottom surface of a segment.
9. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine adapted to complex rock formations of claim 4, wherein the rear leg support shoe mechanism (11) comprises a rear leg support (111) slidably fitted over the main beam (1), rear leg cylinders (112) vertically connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the rear leg support (111), and a rear leg shoe plate (113) connected to the output end of each rear leg cylinder (112) and used for supporting the bottom surface of a tunnel wall or a duct piece.
10. The multi-mode hard rock heading machine adapted to a complex rock formation according to claim 5, wherein the shield mechanism (12) comprises a top shield (121) distributed on the top wall of the main drive (2), side shields (122) distributed on both side walls of the main drive (2), a bottom shield (123) distributed on the bottom wall of the main drive (2), and body cylinders (124) distributed on the outer wall of the main drive (2) in the circumferential direction and connected with the top shield (121), the side shields (122), the bottom shield (123) respectively for enabling the shield mechanism (12) to tightly support the hole wall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210146907.3A CN114508360A (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock stratum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210146907.3A CN114508360A (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock stratum |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114508360A true CN114508360A (en) | 2022-05-17 |
Family
ID=81552360
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210146907.3A Pending CN114508360A (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock stratum |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114508360A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115306416A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-08 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Mining full-face rock tunnel boring machine and initial boring method thereof |
| CN116537803A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock burst control type TBM system and construction method |
| CN116591700A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | TBM system suitable for soft rock tunnel and rock burst tunnel and construction method |
-
2022
- 2022-02-17 CN CN202210146907.3A patent/CN114508360A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115306416A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-08 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Mining full-face rock tunnel boring machine and initial boring method thereof |
| CN116537803A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock burst control type TBM system and construction method |
| CN116591700A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | TBM system suitable for soft rock tunnel and rock burst tunnel and construction method |
| CN116537803B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-01-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock burst control type TBM system and construction method |
| CN116591700B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-04-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | TBM system suitable for soft rock tunnel and rock burst tunnel and construction method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114508360A (en) | Multi-mode hard rock heading machine suitable for complex rock stratum | |
| CN108286436B (en) | Novel composite anti-blocking double-shield TBM and construction method thereof | |
| CN108286440B (en) | Novel composite anti-blocking single-shield TBM and construction method thereof | |
| CN102383805B (en) | Mixed TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with multiple-boring mode and tunnel supporting mode | |
| WO2021203625A1 (en) | Composite supporting structure, and construction system and method | |
| CN112554899B (en) | Hard rock tunnel boring machine | |
| CN105822312A (en) | Construction method for earth pressure balance shield construction pressure launching in subway tunnel engineering | |
| WO2020082747A1 (en) | Flexible-arm heading machine having parallel robot support and capable of excavating any section tunnel | |
| CN104747199B (en) | A kind of open type TBM with section of jurisdiction installation function | |
| CN108756905A (en) | Shield machine and its double shields support shoe apparatus | |
| CN102278110A (en) | Movable two-arm of lifting platform hanging wall anchor rod and anchor cable construction drill carriage | |
| CN111810168A (en) | TBM (tunnel boring machine) propulsion system and propulsion method thereof | |
| CN110778319A (en) | Rectangular heading machine and construction method thereof | |
| CN210422621U (en) | Multi-mode hard rock heading machine | |
| CN108756906A (en) | Shield machine and its inclined wedge support shoe apparatus | |
| CN111852487A (en) | Stratum instability prevention type tunneling device and construction method thereof | |
| CN115288714A (en) | Small-turning compact open-type full-face rock tunneling machine | |
| CN111188623A (en) | Shield machine | |
| CN116950673A (en) | Pilot tunnel reaming tunnel boring machine and construction method thereof | |
| CN109779650B (en) | Tunnel tunneling device | |
| CN110847922A (en) | Operation control device and heading equipment | |
| CN111720133B (en) | Supporting device and shield tunneling equipment | |
| CN1179501A (en) | Construction method for supporting and excavating of plate inserting floor of soil based tunnel and its plate inserting machine | |
| CN114876480A (en) | Construction method for quickly switching open type and single shield double-mode TBM (tunnel boring machine) in tunnel | |
| CN115288715A (en) | Open-type full-face rock heading machine with main beam hinged in segmented mode |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |