CN114507544B - Combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect - Google Patents
Combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN114507544B CN114507544B CN202210262802.4A CN202210262802A CN114507544B CN 114507544 B CN114507544 B CN 114507544B CN 202210262802 A CN202210262802 A CN 202210262802A CN 114507544 B CN114507544 B CN 114507544B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/02—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with electrical or magnetic means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/06—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with mechanical means, e.g. by filtration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect, which comprises an outer tube, an electrostatic coalescence section, a cyclone section and a gravity sedimentation section; a first oil outlet pipe is formed at the top of the outer pipe, a crude oil emulsion inlet pipe is arranged at the side close to the bottom of the outer pipe, and a first water outlet pipe is arranged at the side close to the outer pipe at the bottom of the gravity sedimentation section; the electrostatic coalescence section is externally connected with an anode and a cathode, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the electrostatic coalescence section and the outer tube and in the electrostatic coalescence section; the swirl section comprises an inner pipe, a swirl element, a second oil outlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe, wherein the inner pipe is positioned above the electrostatic coalescence section and is coaxially arranged in the outer pipe; the screwing element is arranged at the lower end of the inner tube; the second oil outlet pipe is coaxially arranged at the top of the inner pipe; the second water outlet pipe is sleeved outside the second oil outlet pipe and is arranged at the top of the inner pipe; the gravity sedimentation section is an annular space with an open upper part and formed by the inner pipe, the outer pipe and the transition pipe section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency demulsification and dehydration treatment device for an offshore high-water-content crude oil emulsion, in particular to a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect, and particularly relates to a crude oil dehydrator based on the comprehensive effect of an electric field, a centrifugal force field and a gravity field.
Background
With the gradual entry of most of the land or offshore oil fields in China into the middle and later stages of exploitation, the water content in the oil well produced liquid rises year by year, and the water content is even higher than 95%. In order to improve the recovery ratio of crude oil, new technologies such as acidizing fracturing, water shutoff profile control, polymer flooding/chemical flooding and the like are provided. Especially, with the large-scale popularization and application of polymer flooding, chemical flooding and other triple Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technologies, the emulsification degree of oil well produced liquid is further increased. If the crude oil gathering and transportation treatment process which takes a high-pressure three-phase separator, a low-pressure three-phase separator and a conventional electric dehydrator as main equipment is continuously adopted in most of the current oil fields, the problem that the water content of crude oil emulsion entering the conventional electric dehydrator is too high and short circuit between electrodes is easily caused is avoided; and the existence of surfactants such as alkaline substances in the crude oil emulsion makes the electric field demulsification and dehydration more difficult, so that the quality of the exported crude oil cannot be ensured. Although the high-frequency/high-voltage pulse electric field dehydration technology is gradually tried to be applied in an electric dehydrator in recent years, the problems existing in the process of treating crude oil with high water content are effectively solved, and the use amount of demulsifiers can be reduced, the conventional electric dehydrator still has the defects of large equipment occupation area, low dehydration efficiency and the like due to the fact that the conventional electric dehydrator still adopts a traditional horizontal tank structure based on gravity sedimentation. The dewatering equipment based on centrifugal separation technology represented by the hydrocyclone is widely applied due to the characteristics of high separation efficiency, compact structure and the like, and combines electric field demulsification and oil-water centrifugal separation, so that the traditional electric dewatering process flow can be greatly simplified, the dewatering efficiency is improved, and the standard output quality of crude oil is ensured. In addition, in the case of deep water oil and gas fields, under the current situation that the water content of oil well produced liquid rises year by year, the liquid extraction amount must be increased in order to keep the crude oil stable in yield and even increase the yield. Under the condition that the space and the bearing capacity of the offshore production platform are limited, conventional separation equipment cannot be continuously installed to expand the processing capacity. Moreover, the deepwater floating platform is very expensive to manufacture, and the cost of the deepwater floating platform rises sharply with the increase of the body weight, so that the requirements on the space and the upper load of the platform are strict. The layout of the conventional oil gas gathering and transportation treatment process flow is difficult to meet the design requirement, and the continuous 'tubular' of oil gas gathering and transportation separation treatment equipment is urgently required to replace the conventional 'horizontal tank' or 'vertical container' structure.
As early as 1987, prestig of US Combustion Engineering in patent US4116790 proposed an apparatus for oil-water separation by combining electrostatic coalescence and centrifugal separation, the structure of which comprises an electrostatic coalescence section and an oil-water separation section connected in series, the coalescence section being composed of a horizontal tube and an electrode, the separation section being a hydrocyclone. In 1994, bailes of the university of briaded, uk proposed a structure for electrostatic demulsification and separation of continuously rotating oil-water emulsion in patent US5352343, an electrode was installed at the center of a cylindrical structure to demulsifie, and at the same time, the cylinder was rotated under the drive of a drive shaft connected with a motor to realize oil-water separation by centrifugal force. In the same year, the university of Qinghai Mao Zongjiang proposed a centrifugal high-voltage electrostatic oil-water separator in patent CN94200766.2, wherein an oil-water emulsion is dehydrated by the combined action of an electrostatic field and a centrifugal field, and a centrifugal field is generated by rotation of a drum located at the center of the separator, and an electrostatic field is formed between an external cylindrical electrode and the drum. In 2004, the French petroleum Institute (IFP) Christine NoiK and Jean tray proposed in patents US6702947B2 and US7166218 an oil-water emulsion demulsification separation device based on electric field and centrifugal field coupling and placed vertically, mainly composed of an upper coalescence section and a lower swirling section, the whole of which is of a tubular structure. The oil-water emulsion firstly passes through an annular flow passage of the coalescing section, coalesces and demulsifies under the action of an electric field, and then carries out oil-water two-phase separation through a cyclone section containing spiral blades. In 2009, in patent CN101564605A, an emulsion dewatering device combining an electric field and a centrifugal field is proposed by original chinese petrochemical victory oilfield design institute Feng Yongxun, and a centrifugal cavity is driven by an external motor to rotate around a hollow shaft to form a centrifugal field. The centrifugal cavity is internally provided with staggered butterfly-shaped electrode plates, a high-voltage electric field is formed between the electrode plates, and oil-water emulsion enters an electric field area in the hollow cavity through a liquid distributor in the center of the hollow cavity. Under the action of the electric field and the centrifugal field, the oil phase is discharged from the oil collector, and the water phase is discharged through the water collector by the centrifugal cavity. It subsequently proposes another form of oil-water emulsion dewatering device in patent CN202179874U, in which a motor rotates a drum to form a centrifugal field, while a high-voltage cylindrical electrode is installed at the center of the drum to form a high-voltage electric field. In 2014, chongqing university Haifeng proposed a structure for carrying out industrial waste lubricating oil dehydration and purification treatment by combining a rotational flow and a pulse electric field in a patent CN103289808B, namely, an electrode is arranged on an overflow pipe section of a hydrocyclone, and the electrode is connected with a pulse power supply to generate an electric field to demulsify emulsion, and then separation is carried out under the action of centrifugal force. In 2016, a spiral-flow type electric dehydration device with a driving impeller is proposed in a patent CN104560129B by the creep of a special school of the advanced petroleum of the german petroleum, the main body of the spiral-flow type electric dehydration device is a hydrocyclone, the driving impeller is installed on the inner cylindrical section, and an oil collecting pipe and a plurality of layers of umbrella-shaped electrode plates with staggered positive and negative poles are installed on the central axis below the inner cylindrical section. The crude oil emulsion enters the cylindrical section tangentially, and generates stronger centrifugal force under the rotation action of the driving impeller, and small liquid drops therein are coalesced into larger liquid drops under the action of high-voltage electric field generated by the electrode plate. The large liquid drops move towards the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force, so that oil-water separation is realized.
In summary, existing electrostatic coalescence-separation devices based on multi-field coupling can be largely divided into externally-powered rotary (abbreviated as "cyclone") and non-rotary (abbreviated as "liquid cyclone"). The external power rotation type rotary drum or impeller is driven by a motor to rotate through a shaft to form rotational flow, and the rotational strength can be adjusted by adjusting the rotational speed, so that the structural design of the equipment is complicated due to the existence of dynamic seal, and the energy consumption is relatively high. The non-rotating type spiral vane is used for generating rotary motion by adopting a static spiral vane or adopting a tangential inlet to guide pressurized fluid, and the structure is simple, but in order to enable the rotational flow strength to reach a desired value, the inlet fluid pressure has to be increased as much as possible or the rotation radius has to be reduced, so that the processing capacity of the rotational flow single structure is limited, a plurality of single structures have to be connected in parallel to increase the processing capacity, and finally, the problem of large occupied space still exists. Particularly, the centrifugal cyclone strength which is large enough cannot be ensured, the centrifugal cyclone strength is sensitive to the operation working condition, and the oil-water emulsification is more incapable when the oil-water emulsification is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect, which can be used for efficient demulsification and separation of oil-water emulsion in high-water-content oil well produced liquid, has the advantages of high structure compactness, high dehydration efficiency and the like, and is particularly suitable for crude oil electric dehydration treatment of offshore production platforms.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect comprises:
the top of the outer tube is provided with a first oil outlet tube, a crude oil emulsion inlet tube is arranged on the side close to the bottom of the outer tube, and a first water outlet tube is arranged on the side close to the bottom of the gravity sedimentation section;
the static coalescence section is externally connected with an anode and a cathode, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the static coalescence section and the outer tube and in the static coalescence section so as to carry out static demulsification treatment on the crude oil emulsion entering the outer tube to obtain an oil-water mixed solution;
the cyclone section comprises an inner pipe, is positioned above the electrostatic coalescence section and is coaxially arranged in the outer pipe; the screwing element is arranged at the lower end of the inner tube; the second oil outlet pipe is coaxially arranged at the top of the inner pipe; the second water outlet pipe is sleeved outside the second oil outlet pipe and is arranged at the top of the inner pipe; wherein the spinning element is configured to separate the oil-water mixture entering the inner tube into an oil core moving toward the second oil outlet tube along the central axis of the inner tube and water droplets moving toward the second water outlet tube along the inner tube wall;
the gravity sedimentation section is an annular space with an open upper part and formed by the inner pipe, the outer pipe and the transition pipe section.
The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergy preferably comprises:
the circular tube electrode is positioned above the crude oil emulsion inlet tube, coaxially arranged in the outer tube and externally connected with the anode;
the cylindrical electrode rod is coaxially arranged in the circular tube electrode and is externally connected with the negative electrode.
The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect preferably comprises a circular tube electrode and a cylindrical electrode rod, wherein both ends of the circular tube electrode and the cylindrical electrode rod are fixed on the outer tube through an electrode positioning block, and the middle part of the electrode positioning block forms a hollowed-out structure; the outside of outer tube sets up the line concentration pipe, the bottom of pipe electrode and cylinder electrode stick is connected with outside high frequency high voltage alternating current power supply through line concentration pipe.
The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect preferably adopts a composite tube for the circular tube electrode, and comprises a conductive skeleton reinforcement body and an insulating layer coated on the inside and outside of the skeleton reinforcement body; the cylindrical electrode rod is made of stainless steel, and an insulating coating is formed on the surface of the cylindrical electrode rod.
Preferably, the spinning element comprises a spinning blade positioned at the middle and outside, a front transition section and a rear transition section positioned at two sides, wherein the front transition section is a first diversion cone formed by extending towards the lower end of the inner tube, and the rear transition section is a second diversion cone formed by extending towards the lower end far away from the inner tube.
In the combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect, preferably, the rotation starting blade adopts an arc blade, an inner quasi-line of the arc blade is an arc curve, and an outer quasi-line is an elliptic curve;
or, the rotation starting blade adopts an NACA airfoil blade, and NACA low-speed 4-digit series airfoil blade is selected, and the airfoil blade alignment line is parabolic formed by a quadratic function.
The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on the multi-field synergistic effect preferably has a similar hemispherical first diversion cone, and the curve shape of the spherical curved surface is determined by a three-order Hermite polynomial; the curve shape of the curved surface of the second diversion cone is determined by a quintic hermite polynomial.
The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect is characterized in that preferably, the top of the second oil outlet pipe is higher than the top of the second water outlet pipe, and an annular baffle plate is arranged on the outer wall of the second oil outlet pipe and above the second water outlet pipe; a cross-shaped baffle is positioned in the annular space between the second water outlet pipe and the second oil outlet pipe.
The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on the multi-field synergistic effect is characterized in that preferably, an impact-resistant baffle is arranged at the inner bottom of the outer tube, one end of the crude oil emulsion inlet tube extends into the outer tube, and the port of one end of the crude oil emulsion inlet tube is opposite to the impact-resistant baffle; the bottom of the outer tube is provided with a sand discharge port.
The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on the multi-field synergistic effect is characterized in that preferably, the transition pipe section is a conical section with the diameter gradually reduced upwards, the upper end of the transition pipe section is connected with the lower end of the inner pipe, and the lower end of the transition pipe section is connected with the inner wall of the outer pipe.
The invention adopts the technical proposal, and has the following advantages:
1. according to the combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on the multi-field synergistic effect, the electrostatic coalescence section and the cyclone section are sequentially arranged in the outer tube from bottom to top, the gravity sedimentation section is formed between the cyclone section and the outer tube, small liquid drops in crude oil emulsion are coalesced and grow up through the electrostatic coalescence section, oil-water separation is carried out through the cyclone section, and finally the oil-water separation is further realized through gravity sedimentation. The whole dehydrator is of a vertical pipe type structure, has the advantages of high structural compactness, small occupied space, convenience in transportation, installation and maintenance, high dehydration efficiency and the like, combines an electrostatic coalescence technology, a centrifugal separation technology and a gravity separation technology, fully utilizes the advantages of the technologies, can be used for high-efficiency demulsification and separation of oil-water emulsion in high-water-content oil well produced liquid, and effectively improves the oil-water separation effect of the oil well produced liquid.
2. The electrostatic coalescence section comprises a circular tube electrode and a cylindrical electrode rod, wherein the circular tube electrode is positioned above a crude oil emulsion inlet tube and is coaxially arranged in an outer tube; the cylindrical electrode rod is coaxially arranged in the circular tube electrode; the circular tube electrode is externally connected with the positive electrode, and the cylindrical electrode rod is externally connected with the negative electrode, so that annular space non-uniform electric fields are formed between the circular tube electrode and the cylindrical electrode rod and between the circular tube electrode and the cylindrical shell, and the effect of coalescence of liquid drops of crude oil emulsion is effectively improved.
3. The sand discharge port is formed at the bottom of the outer pipe, so that the silt contained in the produced liquid of the oil well can be effectively discharged, and the deposition of the silt is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergy provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spinning elements in a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergy provided by embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cross-shaped baffle in a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergy provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "horizontal", "vertical", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the use of the terms first, second, etc. to define elements is merely for convenience in distinguishing the elements from each other, and the terms are not specifically meant to indicate or imply relative importance unless otherwise indicated.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect. The combined crude oil electric dehydrator comprises an outer tube, an electrostatic coalescence section, a cyclone section and a gravity sedimentation section; a first oil outlet pipe is formed at the top of the outer pipe, a crude oil emulsion inlet pipe is arranged on the side close to the bottom of the outer pipe, a first water outlet pipe is arranged on the side close to the bottom of the gravity settling section, and the outer pipe is grounded; the electrostatic coalescence section is externally connected with an anode and a cathode, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the electrostatic coalescence section and the outer tube and in the electrostatic coalescence section so as to carry out electrostatic demulsification treatment on the crude oil emulsion entering the outer tube to obtain an oil-water mixed solution; the swirl section comprises an inner pipe, a swirl element, a second oil outlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe, wherein the inner pipe is positioned above the electrostatic coalescence section and is coaxially arranged in the outer pipe; the screwing element is arranged at the lower end of the inner tube; the second oil outlet pipe is coaxially arranged at the top of the inner pipe; the second water outlet pipe is sleeved outside the second oil outlet pipe and is arranged at the top of the inner pipe; the gravity sedimentation section is an annular space with an open upper part and formed by the inner pipe, the outer pipe and the transition pipe section. The electrostatic coalescence section and the cyclone section are sequentially arranged in the outer tube from bottom to top, the gravity sedimentation section is formed between the cyclone section and the outer tube, small liquid drops in crude oil emulsion are coalesced and grown up through the electrostatic coalescence section, then oil-water separation is carried out through the cyclone section, and finally the oil-water separation is further realized by utilizing gravity sedimentation. The dehydrator is of a vertical pipe type structure as a whole, has the advantages of high structural compactness, high dehydration efficiency and the like, combines an electrostatic coalescence technology, a centrifugal separation technology and a gravity separation technology, fully utilizes the advantages of the technologies, can be used for high-efficiency demulsification and separation of oil-water emulsion in the produced liquid of a high-water-content oil well, and effectively improves the oil-water separation effect of the produced liquid of the oil well.
A combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergy provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect, which is of a vertical tubular structure as a whole, and includes an outer tube 1, an electrostatic coalescence section 2 and a swirl section 3 which are sequentially arranged in the outer tube 1 from bottom to top and are connected through a transition tube section 5, and a gravity sedimentation section 4 formed among the outer tube 1, the swirl section 3 and the transition tube section 5;
the outer tube 1 is grounded, a first oil outlet tube 11 is formed at the top of the outer tube 1, a crude oil emulsion inlet tube 12 is arranged on the side close to the bottom of the outer tube, and a first water outlet tube 13 is arranged on the side close to the outer tube 1 at the bottom of the gravity sedimentation section 4;
the electrostatic coalescence section 2 is externally connected with an anode and a cathode, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the electrostatic coalescence section 2 and the outer tube 1 and in the electrostatic coalescence section 2 so as to carry out electrostatic demulsification treatment on the crude oil emulsion entering the outer tube 1 to obtain an oil-water mixed solution;
the cyclone section 3 comprises an inner tube 31, a cyclone element 32, a second oil outlet tube 33 and a second water outlet tube 34, wherein the inner tube 31 is positioned above the electrostatic coalescence section 2 and is coaxially arranged in the outer tube 1; the screwing element 32 is arranged at the lower end of the inner tube 31, the second oil outlet tube 33 is coaxially arranged at the top of the inner tube 31, and the second water outlet tube 34 is sleeved outside the second oil outlet tube 33 and is arranged at the top of the inner tube 31; wherein the swirling element 32 is configured to separate the oil-water mixture entering the inner tube 31 into an oil core moving toward the second oil outlet tube 33 along the central axis of the inner tube 31 and water droplets moving toward the second water outlet tube 34 along the wall of the inner tube 31;
the gravity settling section 4 is an annular space with an open upper part enclosed between the inner tube 31, the outer tube 1 and the transition tube section 5.
In some examples, the electrostatic coalescing stage 2 comprises a circular tube electrode 21 and a cylindrical electrode rod 22, the circular tube electrode 21 being located above the crude oil emulsion inlet pipe 12 and coaxially disposed within the outer tube 1; the cylindrical electrode rod 22 is coaxially arranged in the circular tube electrode 21; the circular tube electrode 21 is externally connected with an anode, the cylindrical electrode rod 22 is externally connected with a cathode, an annular space non-uniform electric field is formed between the circular tube electrode 21 and the cylindrical electrode rod 22, the circular tube electrode 21 and the cylindrical outer shell 22 also form an annular space non-uniform electric field, and small liquid drops in the crude oil emulsion mutually collide and aggregate into large liquid drops under the action of a high-voltage electric field, so that an oil-water mixed solution is separated, and demulsification treatment is realized.
In some examples, both ends of the circular tube electrode 21 and the cylindrical electrode rod 22 are fixed on the outer tube 1 through the electrode positioning block 23, and the middle part of the electrode positioning block 23 forms a hollow structure so as to facilitate the crude oil emulsion to pass through the electrostatic coalescence section 2.
In some examples, a collector tube 14 is provided outside the outer tube 1, and the bottoms of the circular tube electrode 21 and the cylindrical electrode rod 22 are connected to an external high-frequency high-voltage alternating current power supply through the collector tube 14.
In some examples, the circular tube electrode 21 is a composite tube, including a conductive skeleton reinforcement, and an insulating layer coated on the inside and outside of the skeleton reinforcement; specifically, the composite pipe is a steel wire mesh skeleton composite pipe, a high-strength plastic steel wire mesh skeleton and thermoplastic polyethylene are used as raw materials, the steel wire mesh skeleton is used as a skeleton reinforcement of a polyethylene plastic pipe, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is used as a matrix, high-performance HDPE modified bonding resin is used for tightly connecting the steel wire mesh skeleton with inner and outer layers of high-density polyethylene, so that the steel wire mesh is coated in the polyethylene plastic, the steel wire mesh skeleton is connected with a high-frequency/high-voltage pulse alternating current power supply, and the inner and outer layers of polyethylene plastic are used as insulating layers.
In some examples, the cylindrical electrode rod 22 is made of stainless steel such as 304 or 316, and the surface of the cylindrical electrode rod is coated with ceramic powder to form an insulating coating.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 2, the swirl element 32 includes a swirl vane 321 located at the middle outer portion, and front and rear transition sections 322 and 323 located at both sides, the front transition section 322 being a first flow guide cone extending toward the lower end of the inner tube 31, and the rear transition section 323 being a second flow guide cone extending away from the lower end of the inner tube 31. Thus, under the drainage effect of the first diversion cone, the oil-water mixture flows through the swirl vane 321 to form a strong swirl, due to the density difference between the oil and the water, under the centrifugal force, the large water drops move towards the wall surface of the inner pipe 31 to face the second water outlet pipe 34, while the light oil phase is gathered at the center of the inner pipe 31 to form an oil core, moves towards the second oil outlet pipe 33, the oil phase is finally discharged from the first oil outlet pipe 1 at the top of the outer pipe 1, the water phase is discharged from the second water outlet pipe 34 and falls back to the gravity settling section 4, and the water phase is discharged from the first water outlet pipe 13. Preferably, the axial length of the second diversion cone is greater than the axial length of the first diversion cone, so that the separated oil phase forms an oil core along the second diversion cone.
In some examples, the turning vane 321 may employ a circular arc vane or a NACA airfoil vane, where the inner quasi-line is a circular arc curve and the outer quasi-line is an elliptic curve; when NACA airfoil blades are adopted, NACA low-speed 4-digit series airfoil blades are selected, and the airfoil blade quasi-line is parabolic formed by quadratic functions. In this embodiment, the blade inlet angle of the rotor blade is 0 °, and the blade outlet angle is 18 °, which is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and other blade inlet and outlet angles under different working conditions determined based on the same design method are also within the protection scope of the present invention.
In some examples, the first diversion cone is Hemispherical-like (hermitian-like shape) and the curve shape of its spherically curved surface is determined by a cubic hermitian polynomial (cubic Hermite polynomials); the curve shape of the curved surface of the second diversion cone is determined by a five-degree hermite polynomial (quintic Hermite polynomials).
In some examples, the top of the second oil outlet pipe 33 is higher than the top of the second water outlet pipe 34, an annular baffle 35 is provided on the outer wall of the second oil outlet pipe 33 above the second water outlet pipe 34, and water droplets discharged from the second water outlet pipe 34 hit the annular baffle 35, effectively changing the flow direction of the water phase of the incoming flow, so that the separated water phase falls all back into the gravity settling section 4.
In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, a cross-shaped baffle 36 is provided in the annular space between the second water outlet pipe 34 and the second oil outlet pipe 33 to eliminate the swirl generated in the swirl section 3 and to make the aqueous phase fluid flow out in a smooth state as much as possible.
In some examples, an impact shield 15 is provided at the inner bottom of the outer tube 1, and one end of the crude oil emulsion inlet pipe 12 extends into the outer tube 1, and the port of the end is directly opposite to the impact shield 15, so that fluid smoothly enters the electrostatic coalescing stage 2.
In some examples, the bottom of the outer tube 1 is formed with a sand discharge port 16 for effectively discharging the muddy sand contained in the produced fluid of the oil well.
In some examples, the transition pipe section 5 is a tapered section with an upward diameter, the upper end of the transition pipe section 5 being connected to the lower end of the inner pipe 31, and the lower end of the transition pipe section 5 being connected to the inner wall of the outer pipe 1.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on multi-field synergistic effect, which has the following specific working principle:
the crude oil emulsion enters the outer tube 1 from the crude oil emulsion inlet tube 12, enters the static coalescence section 2 after steady flow action of the impact-resistant baffle 15, forms annular nonuniform electric fields between the circular tube electrode 21 and the cylindrical electrode rod 22 and between the circular tube electrode 21 and the outer tube 1, and small liquid drops in the crude oil emulsion collide with each other to form large liquid drops under the action of a high-voltage electric field, and after demulsification action of the static coalescence section 2, oil-water mixed liquid is separated and enters the cyclone section 3 through the transition tube section 5. The fluid forms strong rotational flow after passing through the rotating blades 321, and due to the density difference between the oil and the water, under the action of centrifugal force, large water drops move to the wall surface of the inner tube 31, while light oil phase gathers at the center of the inner tube 31 to form oil cores, moves to the second oil outlet tube 23, and finally is discharged from the first oil outlet tube 11 at the top of the outer tube 11; the water phase moves to the second water outlet pipe 24, enters the gravity sedimentation section 4 after racemization and rectification effects of the cross-shaped baffle 35 and the effect of the annular baffle 35, flows downwards in the annular space, and in the process, a small amount of oil components in the water phase move upwards under the buoyancy effect, and are discharged from the first oil outlet pipe 11 at the top of the outer pipe 1 after passing through a gap between the annular baffle 35 and the outer pipe 1.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The combined crude oil electric dehydrator based on the multi-field synergistic effect is characterized by comprising an outer tube, an electrostatic coalescence section and a cyclone section which are sequentially arranged in the outer tube from bottom to top and are connected through a transition tube section, and a gravity sedimentation section formed among the outer tube, the cyclone section and the transition tube section; the outer pipe is grounded, a first oil outlet pipe is formed at the top of the outer pipe, a crude oil emulsion inlet pipe is arranged on the side, close to the bottom of the outer pipe, and a first water outlet pipe is arranged on the side, close to the bottom of the gravity settling section, of the outer pipe;
the static coalescence section is externally connected with an anode and a cathode, and a non-uniform electric field is formed between the static coalescence section and the outer tube and in the static coalescence section so as to carry out static demulsification treatment on the crude oil emulsion entering the outer tube to obtain an oil-water mixed solution;
the swirl section comprises: the inner tube is positioned above the electrostatic coalescence section and is coaxially arranged in the outer tube; the screwing element is arranged at the lower end of the inner tube; the second oil outlet pipe is coaxially arranged at the top of the inner pipe; the second water outlet pipe is sleeved outside the second oil outlet pipe and is arranged at the top of the inner pipe; wherein the spinning element is configured to separate the oil-water mixture entering the inner tube into an oil core moving toward the second oil outlet tube along the central axis of the inner tube and water droplets moving toward the second water outlet tube along the inner tube wall;
the gravity sedimentation section is an annular space with an open upper part and formed by the inner pipe, the outer pipe and the transition pipe section.
2. The multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said electrostatic coalescing stage comprises:
the circular tube electrode is positioned above the crude oil emulsion inlet tube, coaxially arranged in the outer tube and externally connected with the anode;
the cylindrical electrode rod is coaxially arranged in the circular tube electrode and is externally connected with the negative electrode.
3. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: both ends of the circular tube electrode and the cylindrical electrode rod are fixed on the outer tube through an electrode positioning block, and the middle part of the electrode positioning block forms a hollowed-out structure; the outside of outer tube sets up the line concentration pipe, the bottom of pipe electrode and cylinder electrode stick is connected with outside high frequency high voltage alternating current power supply through line concentration pipe.
4. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the circular tube electrode adopts a composite tube and comprises a conductive skeleton reinforcement body and an insulating layer coated on the inside and the outside of the skeleton reinforcement body; the cylindrical electrode rod is made of stainless steel, and an insulating coating is formed on the surface of the cylindrical electrode rod.
5. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotary element comprises rotary blades positioned outside the middle, a front transition section and a rear transition section positioned on two sides, wherein the front transition section is a first diversion cone formed by extending towards the lower end of the inner tube, and the rear transition section is a second diversion cone formed by extending towards the lower end far away from the inner tube.
6. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the rotation starting blade adopts an arc blade, an inner quasi line of the arc blade is an arc curve, and an outer quasi line is an elliptic curve;
or, the rotation starting blade adopts an NACA airfoil blade, and NACA low-speed 4-digit series airfoil blade is selected, and the airfoil blade alignment line is parabolic formed by a quadratic function.
7. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the first diversion cone is similar to a hemispherical shape, and the curve shape of the spherical curved surface of the first diversion cone is determined through a third-order Hermite polynomial; the curve shape of the curved surface of the second diversion cone is determined by a quintic hermite polynomial.
8. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of the second oil outlet pipe is higher than the top of the second water outlet pipe, and an annular baffle plate is arranged on the outer wall of the second oil outlet pipe and above the second water outlet pipe; a cross-shaped baffle is positioned in the annular space between the second water outlet pipe and the second oil outlet pipe.
9. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an anti-impact baffle plate is arranged at the inner bottom of the outer tube, one end of the crude oil emulsion inlet tube extends into the outer tube, and one end port of the crude oil emulsion inlet tube is opposite to the anti-impact baffle plate; the bottom of the outer tube is provided with a sand discharge port.
10. A multi-field synergistic combined crude oil electric dehydrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transition pipe section is a conical section with the diameter gradually reduced upwards, the upper end of the transition pipe section is connected with the lower end of the inner pipe, and the lower end of the transition pipe section is connected with the inner wall of the outer pipe.
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| CN115232637B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-08-22 | 北京石油化工学院 | Vertical crude oil dehydration equipment |
| CN116986769B (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2024-05-17 | 上海世尼环保技术有限公司 | Micro-sand ballast precipitation device with deep oil removal function |
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| CN103087762B (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2016-01-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Based on the oil dehydrator of magnetic field and non-uniform electric field |
| CN104307288B (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-10-28 | 华东理工大学 | The coalescent gas-liquid separator of a kind of high-efficiency cyclone |
| CN110295056B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-04-16 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Tubular electric field demulsification cyclone separator for oil-water separation |
| CN112125464A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2020-12-25 | 山东万邦石油科技股份有限公司 | Tubular electrostatic coalescence cyclone separator and separation method thereof |
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