CN114505135B - Metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114505135B CN114505135B CN202210069635.1A CN202210069635A CN114505135B CN 114505135 B CN114505135 B CN 114505135B CN 202210069635 A CN202210069635 A CN 202210069635A CN 114505135 B CN114505135 B CN 114505135B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
- B02C4/305—Wear resistant rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
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Abstract
The invention relates to a metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller and a preparation method thereof, the metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller comprises a metal matrix and a wear-resistant composite strip fixed on the outer circumference of the metal matrix, the wear-resistant composite strip is formed by compounding hard alloy rods, a matrix material and a tool steel material, the bottom layer of the wear-resistant composite strip is a matrix material layer, the tool steel material layer is compounded on the matrix material layer, and a plurality of hard alloy rods are uniformly fixed in the tool steel material layer and the matrix material layer. According to the invention, the composite grinding roller is prepared by pouring molten metal and hot isostatic pressing, and three times of compounding, so that the density of a metal matrix and a hard alloy rod can be effectively improved, the prepared composite grinding roller has high wear resistance and high toughness, the high mechanical property and high wear resistance of the surface of the wear-resistant layer are ensured, the composite grinding rollers in different shapes can be prepared, and the application range is greatly expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a hard alloy composite grinding roller and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The grinding roller is widely used in a pulverizing system in industries such as electric power, cement, mine and the like, and along with the continuous bad working environment, the requirement on the excircle wear resistance of the grinding roller is higher and higher. Under the condition of severe abrasion conditions, the outer wear-resistant layer of the high-chromium grinding roller with the built-up welding wear-resistant layer is continuously abraded in the using process, a slag mill and the like are required to be maintained or replaced after being used for 1-2 months, the built-up welding maintenance cost is high, the service life of the grinding roller is not obviously prolonged, and the frequent shutdown maintenance causes the economic cost of industries such as a power plant and the like to be high.
In view of the complexity of working conditions and the continuous updating and development of the market of the grinding roller, the grinding roller is gradually developed into a composite material from a single high-chromium alloy, and the repeatedly-surfacing wear-resistant surface layer of the grinding roller is gradually developed towards the integral casting and forming of the composite material. The patent introduces a grinding roller body adopts low alloy steel, and the wear-resisting grinding roller of tungsten cobalt class carbide piece is inlayed to body surface equipartition, and this grinding roller has the advantage of this body high tenacity, the high wearability in top layer, nevertheless because the wearability of low alloy steel is limited in the body, leads to the carbide piece can the protrusion surface more, leads to the fact the fracture easily. The second patent introduces a preparation method of a composite grinding roller consisting of a parent body layer, a wear-resistant alloy layer and a hard alloy layer, the method is simpler than a casting and infiltrating process, the quality of the obtained grinding roller is better controlled, but the wear-resistant metal matrix of the outer surface layer has small proportion and the mechanical property of the relative surface layer is poor; the hard alloy preform is large, the density cannot be well guaranteed, and once defects exist, local abrasion is uneven. The third patent combines carbide stick and powder to make wear-resisting grinding roller through powder metallurgy method, and the use shows that the wearability is good, and the clearance is even between the carbide stick, but the powder metallurgy that this method adopted is whole shaping, needs great equipment frock to satisfy operating condition, and the production process is strong to equipment dependence, and local if the combination can influence whole wear resistance not well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller and a preparation method thereof, wherein a hard alloy bar, a matrix material, a tool steel material and the like are used as raw materials, the composite grinding roller is prepared by three times of composite through metal liquid pouring and hot isostatic pressing process forming, the density of a metal matrix and the hard alloy bar can be effectively improved, the prepared composite grinding roller not only has high wear resistance, but also has high toughness, the high mechanical property and the high wear resistance of the surface of a wear-resistant layer are ensured, and the prepared wear-resistant composite strip has small size, simple preparation and operation process and low requirement on equipment. By adjusting the process conditions, the composite grinding rollers with different shapes can be prepared, and the application range is greatly expanded.
The invention firstly provides a metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller which comprises a metal matrix and a wear-resistant composite strip fixed on the outer circumference of the metal matrix, wherein the wear-resistant composite strip is formed by compounding hard alloy rods, a base material and a tool steel material, the bottom layer of the wear-resistant composite strip is a base material layer, the tool steel material layer is compounded on the base material layer as a surface layer, and a plurality of hard alloy rods are uniformly fixed in the tool steel material layer and the base material layer; wherein, the weight of the hard alloy rod accounts for 32-36% of the weight of the single wear-resistant composite strip, the weight of the tool steel material accounts for 14-17% of the weight of the single wear-resistant composite strip, and the balance is the matrix material. The wear-resistant composite strip has the wear resistance of ceramic and the high toughness of metal, and has higher mechanical property and wear resistance.
Furthermore, the base material layer and the tool steel material layer are both flat or both curved, and the wear-resistant composite strip is also provided with a dovetail groove which is formed when the base material layer is cast and molded; the composite grinding roller with the tire structure can be further prepared by the wear-resistant composite strip with the curved surface structure, and the composite grinding roller with the conical structure can be further prepared by the wear-resistant composite strip with the planar structure.
The base material is one of carbon steel, high manganese steel and low alloy steel, the tool steel material is one of CPM10V and CPM15V, the metal matrix (6) is one of QT500-7 and QT600-3, and the metal matrix is a circular ringThe shape of the wear-resistant composite strip is matched with that of the wear-resistant composite strip; the hard alloy rod adopts CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The mixed powder of VC and WC is prepared by a hot isostatic pressing process under the conditions of 1100-1200 ℃ and 160-180 MPa, and CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The VC and WC materials are respectively 10-20%, 5-12%, 15-25% and 15-25% in the mixed powder by mass percent.
Furthermore, the hard alloy rod is of a cylindrical structure, two end faces of the cylindrical structure are not equal in size, the smaller end face of the hard alloy rod is fixed to the base material layer, and the larger end face of the hard alloy rod is fixed to the tool steel material layer. When the composite grinding roller of the tire structure needs to be manufactured, the wear-resistant composite strip has a certain bending radian, and the structure can meet the requirement of the clearance of the hard alloy rods in the preparation of the wear-resistant composite strip with the curved surface structure. Of course, the wear-resistant composite strip with the plane structure is also suitable for the hard alloy rod structure.
Further, the length of the hard alloy rod fixed in the base material layer is 20-30 mm, the length of the hard alloy rod fixed in the tool steel material layer is 30-40 mm, and the outer surface of the tool steel material layer is 2-4 mm higher than that of the hard alloy rod.
Furthermore, a plurality of hard alloy rods are fixed in the base material layer and the tool steel material layer, and the distance between the larger ends of the end surfaces of any two adjacent hard alloy rods is 4-6 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly distributing a plurality of hard alloy rods in the molding sand, exposing one end of each hard alloy rod out of the contour line of the molding sand, preheating the hard alloy rods fixed in the molding sand at 500-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 h at the temperature; then pouring molten metal of the base material into the cavity, and compounding the hard alloy rod and the base material to obtain a composite strip; the hard alloy rod and the base material are compounded through the steps, and the hard alloy rod is fixed in the base material.
(2) Placing the composite strip obtained in the step (1) in a sheath made of carbon steel, filling tool steel material powder in the gap of the exposed hard alloy rod, and then carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the composite strip filled with the tool steel material powder for 2-3 h at 1100-1200 ℃ under the condition of 160-180 MPa, so that the tool steel material, the hard alloy rod and a matrix material are compounded, and obtaining the wear-resistant composite strip after compounding;
(3) And (3) placing the wear-resistant composite strip obtained in the step (2) in a casting mould cavity, preheating and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at 500-600 ℃, pouring matrix metal liquid into the mould cavity to be compounded with the wear-resistant composite strip, and finally preparing the composite grinding roller.
In the preparation method, the hard alloy rod is made of CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 VC, WC mixture, CPM10V, CPM15V, al in the mixture 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 VC and WC respectively account for 10-20 wt%, 5-12 wt%, 15-25 wt% and 15-25 wt%; the mixture is made into the hard alloy rod by a hot isostatic pressing process under the conditions of 1100-1200 ℃ and 160-180 MPa;
the substrate material is selected from one of carbon steel, high manganese steel and low alloy steel;
selecting one of CPM10V and CPM15V as the tool steel material in the step (2);
and (4) selecting one of QT500-7 and QT600-3 as the parent metal liquid material in the step (3).
In the preparation method, the molding sand contour line in the step (1) can be a curved arc line or a straight line; if the contour line of the molding sand is a curved arc line, the wear-resistant composite strip with the curved surface is prepared in the step (1) and the step (2), and the wear-resistant surface of the composite grinding roller finally prepared in the step (3) is the curved surface; if the contour line of the molding sand is a straight line, the wear-resistant composite strip with the plane is prepared in the step (1) and the step (2), and the wear-resistant surface of the composite grinding roller finally prepared in the step (3) is a plane.
In the preparation method, the used hard alloy rod is of a cylindrical structure with two end surfaces of different sizes, in the wear-resistant composite strip prepared in the step (2), the end with the smaller end surface of the hard alloy rod is fixed in the base material layer, and the end with the larger end surface of the hard alloy rod is fixed in the tool steel material layer and is 2-4 mm lower than the outer surface of the tool steel material layer;
in one embodiment, the cemented carbide rod is fixed in the base material layer to a length of 20 to 30mm and in the tool steel material layer to a length of 30 to 40mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the hard alloy rod, the base material and the tool steel material are compounded to form the wear-resistant composite strip through twice compounding, then the wear-resistant composite strip and the metal matrix are compounded to form the composite grinding roller through third compounding, the tool steel material layer on the outer side of the composite grinding roller is prepared through hot isostatic pressing, so that the tool steel mixed matrix is compact in structure and excellent in toughness, and meanwhile, the metal matrix adopts high-toughness QT500-7 or QT600-3, so that the tool steel mixed matrix has high wear resistance and high toughness in the using process. The hard alloy rod is selected from CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 VC and WC are prepared by a hot isostatic pressing process according to specific mass percent, and the performance of the hard alloy rod can be effectively controlled. The material formed by the selected hard alloy rod mixed powder has both the wear resistance of ceramics and the high toughness of metal, and ensures the high mechanical property and the high wear resistance of the hard alloy rod. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation of the whole composite process, strong structure adjustability, small size of the manufactured wear-resistant composite strip, simple preparation operation process and low requirement on equipment, and can prepare composite grinding rollers with different shapes by adjusting process conditions, thereby greatly expanding the application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a composite strip made of sand molds according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hexagonal cylindrical cemented carbide rod composite strip once compounded according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a cylindrical cemented carbide rod composite strip after one-time compounding according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an exemplary hot isostatic pressed post-lamination wear-resistant composite strip of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a wear-resistant composite strip of planar construction after hot isostatic pressing secondary compounding in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wear-resistant composite strip with a curved surface structure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the composite abrasive rollers of the tire structure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a composite grinding roll with a conical structure according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1-hard alloy bar, 2-molding sand, 3-molding sand contour line, 4-base material, 5-tool steel material, 6-metal matrix, 7-dovetail groove and 8-wear-resistant composite strip.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following examples and accompanying drawings. The following examples are given to illustrate detailed embodiments and procedures based on the technology of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention provides a metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller, which comprises a metal matrix 6 and a wear-resistant composite strip 8 fixed on the outer circumference of the metal matrix, wherein the wear-resistant composite strip is formed by compounding a hard alloy rod 1, a base material 4 and a tool steel material 5, the weight of the hard alloy rod accounts for 32-36% of the weight of a single wear-resistant composite strip, the weight of the tool steel material accounts for 14-17% of the weight of the single wear-resistant composite strip, and the balance is the base material. The bottom layer of the wear-resistant composite strip is a base material layer, the tool steel material layer is compounded on the base material layer as a surface layer, and the plurality of hard alloy rods 1 are uniformly fixed in the tool steel material layer and the base material layer.
Further, one end of the hard alloy rod is fixed in the base material layer, and the other end of the hard alloy rod is fixed in the tool steel material layer. In one embodiment, the cemented carbide rod is fixed in the matrix material layer with a length of 20-30 mm, fixed in the tool steel material layer with a length of 30-40 mm, and the outer surface of the tool steel material layer is 2-4 mm higher than the cemented carbide rod.
Furthermore, the hard alloy rod is of a cylindrical structure, the areas of two end faces of the cylindrical structure are not equal, the smaller end face of the hard alloy rod is fixed on the base material layer, and the larger end face of the hard alloy rod is fixed in the tool steel material layer and is 2-4 mm lower than the outer surface of the tool steel material layer. The minimum distance between the larger ends of the end surfaces of any two adjacent hard alloy rods in the wear-resistant composite strip is 4-6 mm. In one embodiment, the cemented carbide rods may be of hexagonal or cylindrical configuration.
Further, the base material layer and the tool steel material layer of the wear-resistant composite strip are both flat (as shown in fig. 5) or both curved surfaces with certain radian (as shown in fig. 2 to 4), and the base material layer is also provided with a dovetail groove 7.
The hard alloy rods are fixed in the base material layer and the tool steel material layer in at least one row. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 4, three rows of the hard alloy rods are fixed in each wear-resistant composite strip, and the two adjacent rows of the hard alloy rods are arranged in a staggered manner. In other embodiments, two adjacent rows of cemented carbide rods may be juxtaposed and aligned.
Furthermore, the hard alloy rod can adopt CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The mixed powder of VC and WC is prepared by a hot isostatic pressing process under the conditions of 1100-1200 ℃ and 160-180 MPa, wherein CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The mass percentages of the VC and WC materials in the mixed powder are respectively 10-20%, 5-12%, 15-25% and 15-25%.
The base material is one of carbon steel, high manganese steel and low alloy steel, the tool steel material is one of CPM10V and CPM15V powder, and the metal matrix is one of QT500-7 and QT 600-3. The metal matrix is circular and matched with the wear-resistant composite strip in shape, and when the base material layer and the tool steel material layer of the wear-resistant composite strip have curved surface structures, the metal matrix is circular and has a tire structure, as shown in fig. 7. When the base material layer and the tool steel material layer of the wear-resistant composite strip have a planar structure, the metal matrix is circular and has a conical structure, as shown in fig. 8.
The metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller can be prepared by the following method:
(1) As shown in figure 1, a plurality of hard alloy rods are uniformly distributed in the molding sand, each hard alloy rod is of a cylindrical structure with two unequal end faces, one end with a larger end face is fixed in the molding sand, one end with a smaller end face exposes the molding sand, and the length of an exposed molding sand contour line is 20-30 mm. And a plurality of hard alloy rods are fixed in the molding sand, so that the minimum distance between the larger ends of the end surfaces of any two adjacent hard alloy rods is 4-6 mm.
Preheating the hard alloy rod fixed in the molding sand at 500-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 h at the temperature; then, molten metal of a base material (one of carbon steel, high manganese steel and low alloy steel) is poured into the cavity, so that the hard alloy rod and the base material are compounded (compounded for the first time), and finally the composite strip with the dovetail groove shown in fig. 2 is obtained (the cavity structure used in the step enables the dovetail groove to be formed in the manufactured composite strip). In the composite strip, the end with the smaller end surface of the cemented carbide rod is fixed in the base material, and the end with the larger end surface is exposed out of the base material, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is an embodiment in which the cemented carbide rod is in a hexagonal column shape, and fig. 3 is an embodiment in which the cemented carbide rod is in a cylindrical shape;
the hard alloy rod is made of CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 VC, WC mixture, CPM10V, CPM15V, al in the mixture 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The VC and the WC respectively account for 10-20 percent, 5-12 percent, 15-25 percent and 15-25 percent by mass. And hot isostatic pressing the mixture for 2-3 h at 1100-1200 ℃ under 160-180 MPa to prepare the hard alloy rod.
(2) Placing the composite strip obtained in the step (1) in a sheath made of carbon steel, filling powder of a tool steel material into a gap at the larger end of the end face of the hard alloy rod, and then carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the composite strip filled with the powder of the tool steel material for 2-3 h at 1100-1200 ℃ under the condition of 160-180 MPa, so that the tool steel material, the hard alloy rod and a matrix material are compounded (secondarily compounded), and the wear-resistant composite strip shown in the figure 4 is prepared after compounding; the tool steel material is one of CPM10V powder and CPM15V powder. In the prepared wear-resistant composite strip, the weight of the hard alloy rod accounts for 32-36% of the weight of a single wear-resistant composite strip, the weight of the tool steel material accounts for 14-17% of the weight of the single wear-resistant composite strip, and the balance is the matrix material.
In fig. 4 and 5, the wear-resistant composite strip comprises a base material layer, a tool steel material layer and a cemented carbide rod fixed in the base material layer and the tool steel material layer, and the cross-sectional view of the wear-resistant composite strip is shown in fig. 6. The tool steel material layer is compounded on the base material layer, the end with the smaller end face of the hard alloy rod is fixed in the base material layer, the end with the larger end face is fixed in the tool steel material layer and sinks by 2-4 mm compared with the outer surface of the tool steel material layer, namely the outer surface of the prepared wear-resistant composite strip is the tool steel material layer, and the hard alloy rod is fixed in the base material layer and the tool steel material layer. In this example, the cemented carbide rod was fixed to the base material layer at a length of 20 to 30mm and fixed to the tool steel material layer at a length of 30 to 40mm.
(3) And (3) placing the wear-resistant composite strip obtained in the step (2) in a casting mould cavity, preheating and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at 500-600 ℃, pouring matrix metal liquid into the mould cavity to be compounded with the wear-resistant composite strip (compounding for three times), wherein the matrix metal liquid finally forms a metal matrix, the matrix metal liquid flows to a dovetail groove on the wear-resistant composite strip in the pouring process and is matched with the dovetail groove to play a fixing role after the pouring is finished, and finally the composite grinding roller with the structure shown in figures 7 and 8 is prepared, wherein the matrix metal liquid is one of QT500-7 and QT 600-3.
The casting mold cavity used in the step (3) is circular, a plurality of prepared wear-resistant composite strips are arranged in the casting mold cavity in parallel, and after the mother body molten metal is poured, the wear-resistant composite strips and the mother body molten metal are compounded together to form the composite grinding roller;
the casting mold cavity shown in fig. 7 is of a tire structure, and is matched with a wear-resistant composite strip with a curved surface structure, and the wear-resistant surface of the manufactured composite grinding roller is a curved surface. The casting mold cavity shown in fig. 8 is of a conical structure and is matched with a wear-resistant composite strip of a planar structure, and the wear-resistant surface of the manufactured composite grinding roller is a plane.
In the above-described manufacturing method, the contour line of the molding sand in step (1) may be a curved arc or a straight line. If the arc is curved, the wear-resistant composite strip with the curved surface structure is manufactured in the steps (1) and (2), the casting mold cavity with the tire structure is required in the step (3), and finally the composite grinding roller with the tire structure is manufactured as shown in the figure 7. If the contour line of the molding sand is a straight line, the wear-resistant composite strip with a plane structure is manufactured in the step (1) and the step (2), a mold cavity with a conical structure is required in the step (3), and finally the composite grinding roller with the conical structure is manufactured as shown in the figure 8.
Example 1
(1) According to CPM10V, CPM15V, al in the mixture 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The VC and the WC are mixed according to the mass percentage of 18 percent, 20 percent, 5 percent, 12 percent, 25 percent and 20 percent in sequence, and then the mixture is subjected to hot isostatic pressing for 2 hours at 1100 ℃ and 160MPa to prepare the hexagonal cylindrical hard alloy rod.
Uniformly distributing a plurality of prepared hexagonal-cylindrical hard alloy rods in molding sand, wherein the contour line of the molding sand is an arc line, the larger end face of each hard alloy rod is fixed in the molding sand, and the smaller end face of each hard alloy rod is exposed out of the molding sand by 20-30 mm; the hard alloy rods are at least arranged in a row and fixed in the molding sand, and the minimum distance between the larger ends of the end surfaces of any two adjacent hard alloy rods is 4-6 mm. Preheating a hard alloy rod fixed in molding sand at 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours at the temperature; then pouring molten metal of a base material (one of carbon steel, high manganese steel and low alloy steel) into the cavity, so that the hard alloy rod and the base material are compounded, and finally obtaining the composite strip with the dovetail groove, wherein in the composite strip, the end with the smaller end face of the hard alloy rod is fixed in the base material layer, and the end with the larger end face is exposed out of the base material layer;
(2) Placing the composite strip obtained in the step (1) in a sheath made of carbon steel, filling powder of a tool steel material into a gap at the larger end of the end face of a hard alloy rod, and performing hot isostatic pressing on the composite strip filled with the powder of the tool steel material for 3h at 1200 ℃ and 180MPa to complete the compounding of the tool steel material, the hard alloy rod and a matrix material, so as to obtain the wear-resistant composite strip shown in the figure 4 after the compounding; the tool steel material is one of CPM10V powder and CPM15V powder;
in fig. 4, the wear-resistant composite strip comprises a base material layer, a tool steel material layer and a hard alloy rod fixed in the base material layer and the tool steel material layer, wherein the tool steel material layer is compounded on the base material layer, one end of the hard alloy rod with a smaller end face is fixed in the base material layer, one end of the hard alloy rod with a larger end face is fixed in the tool steel material layer and sinks by 2-4 mm compared with the outer surface of the tool steel material layer, the length of the hard alloy rod fixed in the base material layer is 20-30 mm, and the length of the hard alloy rod fixed in the tool steel material layer is 30-40 mm.
(3) And (3) placing the wear-resistant composite strip prepared in the step (2) in a casting mold cavity, preheating at 600 ℃ and preserving heat for 3 hours, and then pouring the mother metal liquid into the casting mold cavity to prepare the composite grinding roller which is annular and has a tire structure as shown in figure 7. The parent metal liquid is one of QT500-7 and QT 600-3.
Example 2
Step (1) according to CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 Carrying out hot isostatic pressing on VC and WC for 3h at the mass percentages of 20%, 10%, 12%, 18% and 20% at 1150 ℃ and 180MPa to prepare a cylindrical hard alloy rod, wherein the contour line of molding sand is an arc line, the preheating temperature is 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2h;
hot isostatic pressing for 2h at 1100 ℃ and 170MPa, and compounding to obtain the wear-resistant composite strip;
preheating and insulating for 3h at 500 ℃ in the step (3), and then pouring the mother metal liquid into a casting mold cavity to prepare the annular composite grinding roller with the tire structure. The parent metal liquid is one of QT500-7 and QT 600-3.
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 3
Step (1) according to CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 VC and WC in the mass percentages of 15%, 18%, 12%, 10%, 20% and 25% in sequence, and preparing a hexagonal column by hot isostatic pressing for 2h at 1180 ℃ and 160MPaThe molding sand contour line of the shaped hard alloy rod is a straight line, the preheating temperature is 600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours;
hot isostatic pressing for 3h at 1180 ℃ and 160MPa, and compounding to obtain the wear-resistant composite strip;
preheating at 550 ℃ for 2h in the step (3), and then pouring the mother metal liquid into a casting mold cavity to prepare the composite grinding roller with the circular ring-shaped and conical structure. The parent metal liquid is one of QT500-7 and QT 600-3.
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 4
Step (1) according to CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 Carrying out hot isostatic pressing on VC and WC in the mass percentages of 10%, 20%, 8%, 12%, 25% and 25% at 1200 ℃ and 180MPa for 3h to manufacture a cylindrical hard alloy rod, wherein the contour line of molding sand is a straight line, the preheating temperature is 600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3h;
hot isostatic pressing for 3h at 1200 ℃ and 180MPa, and compounding to obtain the wear-resistant composite strip;
and (3) preheating at 600 ℃ and preserving heat for 3h, and then pouring the mother metal liquid into a casting mold cavity to prepare the composite grinding roller with the circular ring-shaped and conical structure. The parent metal liquid is one of QT500-7 and QT 600-3.
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
The above description is only a single embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and the present invention may have other embodiments according to the above structure and function, which are not listed. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention by those skilled in the art can be made within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller is characterized by comprising a metal matrix (6) and a wear-resistant composite strip fixed on the outer circumference of the metal matrix, wherein the wear-resistant composite strip is formed by compounding hard alloy rods (1), a base material (4) and a tool steel material (5), the bottom layer of the wear-resistant composite strip is a base material layer, the tool steel material layer is compounded on the base material layer as a surface layer, and a plurality of hard alloy rods are uniformly fixed in the tool steel material layer and the base material layer; wherein, the weight of the hard alloy rod accounts for 32-36% of the weight of the single wear-resistant composite strip, the weight of the tool steel material accounts for 14-17% of the weight of the single wear-resistant composite strip, and the balance is the matrix material;
specifically, the composite grinding roller is prepared according to the following process:
uniformly distributing a plurality of hard alloy rods in the molding sand, exposing one end of each hard alloy rod out of the contour line of the molding sand, preheating the hard alloy rods fixed in the molding sand at 500-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 h at the temperature; then pouring molten metal of the base material into the cavity, and compounding the hard alloy rod and the base material to obtain a composite strip; placing the obtained composite strip in a sheath made of carbon steel, filling the clearance of the hard alloy rod with powder of a tool steel material, and then carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the composite strip for 2-3 h at 1100-1200 ℃ under the condition of 160-180 MPa, so that the tool steel material, the hard alloy rod and a matrix material are compounded to obtain the wear-resistant composite strip; placing the obtained wear-resistant composite strip into a casting mold cavity, preheating and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at 500-600 ℃, pouring matrix metal liquid into the mold cavity to be compounded with the wear-resistant composite strip to obtain a composite grinding roller;
the hard alloy rod is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the hard alloy rod is fixed on the base material layer, the other end of the hard alloy rod is fixed on the tool steel material layer, and the outer surface of the tool steel material layer is higher than that of the hard alloy rod; the hard alloy rod adopts CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The mixed powder of VC and WC is prepared by a hot isostatic pressing process under the conditions of 1100-1200 ℃ and 160-180 MPa, and CPM10V, CPM15V and Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 The VC and WC materials are respectively 10-20%, 5-12%, 15-25% and 15-25% in the mixed powder by mass percent.
2. The metal matrix ceramic composite grinding roll according to claim 1, wherein the base material layer and the tool steel material layer are both flat or curved, the base material is one of carbon steel, high manganese steel and low alloy steel, the tool steel material is one of CPM10V and CPM15V, the metal matrix (6) is one of QT500-7 and QT600-3, and the metal matrix is circular and is matched with the shape of the wear-resistant composite strip.
3. The metal matrix ceramic composite grinding roll according to claim 1, wherein the carbide rod has two end surfaces that are not equally large, the smaller end of the carbide rod end surface being secured to the layer of substrate material and the larger end of the carbide rod end surface being secured to the layer of tool steel material.
4. The metal matrix ceramic composite grinding roll according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the cemented carbide rod is fixed in the base material layer to a length of 20 to 30mm, and fixed in the tool steel material layer to a length of 30 to 40mm, and the outer surface of the tool steel material layer is 2 to 4mm higher than the cemented carbide rod.
5. The metal matrix ceramic composite grinding roll according to claim 1 or 3, wherein a plurality of carbide rods are fixed in the base material layer and the tool steel material layer, and the distance between the larger ends of the end surfaces of any two adjacent carbide rods is 4 to 6mm.
6. The preparation method of the metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Uniformly distributing a plurality of hard alloy rods in the molding sand, exposing one end of each hard alloy rod out of the contour line of the molding sand, preheating the hard alloy rods fixed in the molding sand at 500-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 h at the temperature; then pouring molten metal of the base material into the cavity, and compounding the hard alloy rod and the base material to obtain a composite strip;
(2) Placing the composite strip obtained in the step (1) in a sheath made of carbon steel, filling powder of tool steel material in the gap of a hard alloy rod, and then carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the composite strip filled with the powder of the tool steel material for 2-3 h at 1100-1200 ℃ under 160-180 MPa to complete the compounding of the tool steel material, the hard alloy rod and a matrix material, and obtaining the wear-resistant composite strip after compounding;
(3) And (3) placing the wear-resistant composite strip obtained in the step (2) in a casting mould cavity, preheating and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at 500-600 ℃, pouring matrix metal liquid into the mould cavity to be compounded with the wear-resistant composite strip, and finally preparing the composite grinding roller.
7. The method for manufacturing a metal matrix ceramic composite grinding roller according to claim 6, wherein the hard alloy rod in the step (1) is made of CPM10V, CPM15V or Al 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 VC, WC mixture, CPM10V, CPM15V, al in the mixture 2 O 3 、ZrO 2 VC and WC in the mass percent of 10-20%, 5-12%, 15-25% and 15-25% respectively; the mixture is made into the hard alloy rod by a hot isostatic pressing process under the conditions of 1100-1200 ℃ and 160-180 MPa; the substrate material is selected from one of carbon steel, high manganese steel and low alloy steel; selecting one of CPM10V and CPM15V as the tool steel material in the step (2); and (4) selecting one of QT500-7 and QT600-3 as the material of the parent metal liquid in the step (3).
8. The method of manufacturing a metal matrix ceramic composite grinding roller according to claim 6, wherein the molding sand contour line in the step (1) is a curved arc line or a straight line; if the grinding roller is a curved arc line, the wear-resistant composite strip with the curved surface structure is prepared in the steps (1) and (2), and the wear-resistant surface of the composite grinding roller finally prepared in the step (3) is a curved surface; and (3) if the contour line of the molding sand is a straight line, preparing the wear-resistant composite strip with a planar structure in the steps (1) and (2), and finally preparing the composite grinding roller with a planar wear-resistant surface in the step (3).
9. The method for manufacturing a metal-based ceramic composite grinding roller according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cemented carbide rod has a cylindrical structure with two end surfaces with different sizes, and in the wear-resistant composite strip manufactured in the step (2), the end with the smaller end surface of the cemented carbide rod is fixed in the base material layer, and the end with the larger end surface of the cemented carbide rod is fixed in the tool steel material layer and is 2-4 mm lower than the outer surface of the tool steel material layer.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the cemented carbide rod is fixed in the base material layer to a length of 20 to 30mm and fixed in the tool steel material layer to a length of 30 to 40mm.
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| DE4132474A1 (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1992-12-03 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | WEAR-RESISTANT GRINDING ROLLER FOR USE IN ROLLING MACHINES, ESPECIALLY IN HIGH PRESSURE ROLLING PRESSES |
| US8147980B2 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2012-04-03 | Aia Engineering, Ltd. | Wear-resistant metal matrix ceramic composite parts and methods of manufacturing thereof |
| CN102380605B (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-02-27 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method of hard alloy/high-chromium alloy-based wear-resistant composite material |
| CN104741173B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2017-08-15 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | A kind of manufacture method of composite grinding roller |
| CN105126959B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2018-05-29 | 南通高欣耐磨科技股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of detachable ceramal composite grinding roll |
| CN205925857U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-02-08 | 江苏飞鹿重工机械制造有限公司 | Metal level ceramic composite grinding roller |
| CN106513107A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Composite extrusion roller, and preparation method thereof |
| CN109876898A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-14 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | A kind of grinding roller of vertical mill with surface transverse gradients hardness |
| EP3838482A3 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-30 | Lippert GmbH & Co. KG | Elastic grinding roller for ceramic grinding machines |
| CN111112583B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-09-24 | 南通高欣耐磨科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of low-cost and repairable ceramic alloy composite grinding roller |
| CN211801213U (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-10-30 | 南通高欣耐磨科技股份有限公司 | Low-cost and repairable ceramic alloy composite grinding roller |
| CN111590053B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-09-03 | 南通高欣耐磨科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of easily-machined and repairable high-wear-resistance metal ceramic composite grinding roller |
| CN111618277B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-09-21 | 南通高欣耐磨科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of easily-detachable, easily-machined and repairable high-wear-resistance ceramic alloy composite grinding roller |
| CN113926994B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-04-11 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Preparation method of wear-resistant extrusion roller |
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