CN114505062A - 气体吸附材料及其制备方法和应用该气体吸附材料的扬声器箱 - Google Patents

气体吸附材料及其制备方法和应用该气体吸附材料的扬声器箱 Download PDF

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CN114505062A
CN114505062A CN202210093865.1A CN202210093865A CN114505062A CN 114505062 A CN114505062 A CN 114505062A CN 202210093865 A CN202210093865 A CN 202210093865A CN 114505062 A CN114505062 A CN 114505062A
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microspheres
gas adsorption
adsorption material
temperature
size
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张捷
王和志
汪中洋
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AAC Technologies Holdings Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Microtech Changzhou Co Ltd
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AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Microtech Changzhou Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种气体吸附材料，其包括由沸石和胶黏剂团聚形成的多个微球，多个所述微球中至少部分所述微球具有多孔结构且内部包含设置有膨胀球。本发明将高分子聚合物膨胀球加入沸石微球中，利用其在不同温度时会发生膨胀、固化和破裂的特性，在沸石微球中创造出更多的孔道结构，从而增加沸石微球对空气的吸附能力，达到更好的降频效果。

Description

气体吸附材料及其制备方法和应用该气体吸附材料的扬声 器箱
【技术领域】
本发明涉及气体吸附材料技术领域，特别涉及一种气体吸附材料及其制备方法和应用该气体吸附材料的扬声器箱。
【背景技术】
在扬声器的空腔内部，当扬声器工作时，振膜前后移动会使得空腔内部的气压发生变化，变化的气压反过来会阻碍振膜的运动，从而扭曲其发出的声波。
扬声器封装后，空腔体积大小对整体共振频率的影响表现为腔体越小(刚性越大，可理解对振膜前后自由移动的阻碍越大)共振频率越高；分子筛作为一种多孔道结构材料，其在空腔振动时可以不断的吸附和脱附腔体内的空气，从而间接的达到增大腔体体积的效果；受限于手机等便携式设备的整体大小，为获得更好的扬声器低频效果，我们一方面要求产品的共振频率尽量低，另一方面期望扬声器空腔尽量小以节省空间，这需要开发出具有更高降频性能的腔体填充材料。
分子筛吸附气体的量是决定降频效果的关键，开发出具有更多孔道结构的分子筛微球意味着在相同体积下分子筛微球可以吸附更多的空气，从而达到更好的降频效果。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有更优秀吸附效果的气体吸附材料。其包括：一种气体吸附材料，其包括由沸石和胶黏剂团聚形成的多个微球，多个所述微球中至少部分所述微球具有多孔结构且内部包含设置有膨胀球。
进一步的，所述沸石为MFI、FER、MEL等结构类型中的一种或多种，所述沸石的骨架结构主要由氧化硅和氧化铝组成，其中硅铝质量比为50～800。
进一步的，所述膨胀球膨胀前的粒径为第一尺寸，所述膨胀球膨胀后的粒径为第二尺寸，所述第二尺寸介于所述微球的平均尺寸的1％～20％之间。
进一步的，所述膨胀球粒径的可以在第一温度下从所述第一尺寸膨胀至所述第二尺寸，所述膨胀球在第二温度下破裂收缩并释放出气体，以在所述微球内部留下孔道结构。
进一步的，所述膨胀球包括：具有热塑性的壳体，所述壳体为高分子聚合物组成，所述壳体加热时软化，且受到压力时体积膨胀；
内部填充物，所述内部填充物为液态烷烃，所述内部填充物加热时气化，从而使所述膨胀球内部压力增加。
本发明还提供了一种制备上述任一项气体吸附材料的方法，其包括将沸石粉末、膨胀球、胶黏剂与水混合，制备出水性悬浮液；通过施压迫使所述水性悬浮液经过喷嘴制备出悬浮液滴，冷冻所述悬浮液滴得到固体微粒；将所述固体微粒在低温下干燥，得到初始微球，所述初始微球中的膨胀球的粒径为第一尺寸；将所述初始微球置于第一温度下加热后，得到膨胀球膨胀后的中间微球，所述中间微球中的膨胀球的粒径为第二尺寸；将上述中间微球置于第二温度下超过20分钟后，得到所述气体吸附材料。
进一步的，所述第一温度为80～190℃，所述第二温度大于或等于200℃。
进一步的，所述沸石粉末、水、胶黏剂与膨胀球的质量比为1：(0.6～1.5)：(0.03～0.15)：(0.002～0.04)。
进一步的，所述膨胀球的质量为沸石的质量的0.1％～5％。
进一步的，所述中间微球降温至室温后再加热至第二温度。
本发明还提供了一种扬声器，包括：具有收容空间的壳体、置于所述壳体内的发声单体、由所述发声单体与壳体围成的后腔，其特征在于，所述后腔中填充有上任一项所述气体吸附材料。
本发明将膨胀球加入微球中，利用膨胀球在不同温度时会发生膨胀、固化和破裂放气的特性，在沸石微球中创造出更多的孔道结构，从而增加沸石微球对空气的吸附能力，达到更好的降频效果。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本发明提供的扬声器箱结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的气体吸附材料的制备方法的流程框图；
图3为本发明提供的膨胀球初始形态的扫描电镜图；
图4为本发明提供的膨胀球在第一温度下加热后形态的扫描电镜图；
图5为本发明提供的膨胀球在第二温度下加热后形态的扫描电镜图；
图6为本发明实施例中气体吸附材料的扫描电镜图；
图7为本发明实施例中微球的外表面扫描电镜图；
图8为本发明实施例中微球的内部扫描电镜图.
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种气体吸附材料，其包括由沸石和胶黏剂团聚形成的多个微球，所述沸石为MFI、FER、MEL等结构类型中的一种或多种，所述沸石的骨架结构主要由氧化硅和氧化铝组成，其中硅铝质量比为50～800。
多个所述微球中至少部分所述微球具有多孔结构且内部包含设置有膨胀球。所述膨胀球膨胀前的粒径为第一尺寸，所述膨胀球在第一温度下膨胀后的粒径为第二尺寸，所述第二尺寸介于所述微球的平均尺寸的1％～20％之间。所述膨胀球在第二温度下破裂收缩并释放出气体，以在所述微球内部留下孔道结构，从而使得所述微球具有多孔结构，进而提高了气体吸附材料吸附气体的能力。
所述膨胀球包括：具有热塑性的壳体，所述壳体为高分子聚合物组成，所述壳体加热时软化，且受到压力时体积膨胀；内部填充物，所述内部填充物为液态烷烃，所述内部填充物加热时气化，从而使所述膨胀球内部压力增加。
如图1所示，为本发明提供的一种扬声器箱100，其包括具有收容空间的壳体1以及收容于收容空间内的扬声器单体2；扬声器单体2和壳体1围设形成后腔3，后腔3中填充上述气体吸附材料，以增加后腔空气的声顺性，从而提高扬声器的低频声学性能。
如图2所示，本发明提供的气体吸附材料的制备方法按以下步骤进行：
S1将沸石粉末、膨胀球、胶黏剂与水混合，制备出水性悬浮液；
S2通过施压迫使所述水性悬浮液经过喷嘴制备出悬浮液滴，冷冻所述悬浮液滴得到固体微粒；
S3将所述固体微粒在低温下干燥，得到初始微球，所述初始微球中的膨胀球的粒径为第一尺寸；
S4将所述初始微球置于第一温度下加热后，得到膨胀球膨胀后的中间微球，所述中间微球中的膨胀球的粒径为第二尺寸；
S5将上述中间微球置于第二温度下，得到所述气体吸附材料。
更具体的，所述制备气体吸附材料的制备方法包括：
称取沸石粉末、水、聚合物胶黏剂及膨胀球；其中沸石粉末、去离子水、聚合物胶黏剂与膨胀球的质量比为1：(0.6～1.5)：(0.03～0.15)：(0.002～0.04)。膨胀球的添加量需要控制在合理范围内，过少的膨胀球添加量显现不出增大内部孔道结构的效果，而过多的添加膨胀球会导致微球内部孔道结构过多，机械强度降低，球体坍塌；
将沸石粉末、去离子水、聚合物胶黏剂及膨胀球粉末混合均匀，得悬浮液；
将上诉悬浮液在常温下搅拌3-5h，使各组分在悬浮液中分布均匀；
使用滤网过滤上述搅拌均匀的悬浮液，将过滤所得悬浮液置于造粒装置中；
通过造粒装置将悬浮液分散成均匀大小的小液滴，冷冻干燥后得到初始微球；
将上述所得初始微球置于80-190℃烘箱中2-4h，之后取出在室温下冷却，微球中的膨胀球聚合物外壳在该温度下软化，内部液态烷烃气化，压力增大，从而在微球内部撑出中空结构，室温下冷却后该中空结构趋于稳定化，得到中间微球；
将上述中间微球置于200-250℃烘箱中5-15min，之后取出在室温下冷却，其中膨胀球外壳在该温度下破裂、收缩，释放出内部气体，留下孔道，较低的温度和较短的烘烤时间不会使样品中的胶收缩，避免堵塞微球中的孔道或导致机械强度下降，冷却后的样品即为本发明所提供的气体吸附材料。在其他可选的实施方式中，所述中间微球放置于150-200℃的真空烘箱中10min，取出后室温下冷却，即可得到本发明提供的气体吸附材料。即在真空环境下，所述气体吸附材料制备方法中，第二温度可以降低至150-200℃。
本发明实施例提供了一种具体的制备气体吸附材料的方法，其包括：
一、称取ZSM-5(MFI)沸石20g，去离子水20g，丙烯酸胶黏剂2g，膨胀球粉末0.2g；
二、将上述原料混合均匀得到悬浮液；
三、继续将悬浮液常温下搅拌2h，超声浸渍0.5h，然后继续搅拌2h；
四、继续将悬浮液用300目滤网过滤；
五、继续将悬浮液通过造粒装置分散成均匀大小的小液滴，液滴进入冷却塔后冰冻成固体颗粒；
六、将固体颗粒放入-40℃的真空干燥箱中干燥12h，得初始微球；
七、将初始微球放入150℃烘箱中2h，取出后室温下冷却0.5h，得到中间微球；
八、将中间微球放入210℃烘箱中10min，取出后室温下冷却0.5h，得到所述气体吸附材料。
图3-5分别为本发明提供的膨胀球初始形态、第一温度下加热后形态以及第二温度下加热后形态的扫描电镜图；由图3-4可见，膨胀球加热至第一温度后，其粒径尺寸由第一尺寸增大为第二尺寸，图6为本发明实施例中气体吸附材料的扫描电镜图，图7-8分别为本发明实施例中气体吸附材料的微球的外表面以及内部的扫描电镜图，对比图4以及图6-7，所述第二尺寸介于所述微球粒径的平均尺寸的1％～20％之间。由图4-5以及图8可见，所述膨胀球在第二温度下破裂收缩并释放出气体，在所述微球内部留下孔道结构，使得所述微球具有多孔结构，进而显著提高了本发明提供的气体吸附材料吸附气体的能力。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (11)

1.一种气体吸附材料，其包括由沸石和胶黏剂团聚形成的多个微球，其特征在于，多个所述微球中至少部分所述微球具有多孔结构且内部包含设置有膨胀球。
2.根据权利要求1所述的气体吸附材料，其特征在于，所述沸石为MFI、FER、MEL等结构类型中的一种或多种，所述沸石的骨架结构主要由氧化硅和氧化铝组成，其中硅铝质量比为50～800。
3.根据权利要求1所述的气体吸附材料，其特征在于，所述膨胀球膨胀前的粒径为第一尺寸，所述膨胀球膨胀后的粒径为第二尺寸，所述第二尺寸介于所述微球的平均尺寸的1％～20％之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的气体吸附材料，其特征在于，所述膨胀球粒径的可以在第一温度下从所述第一尺寸膨胀至所述第二尺寸，所述膨胀球在第二温度下破裂收缩并释放出气体，以在所述微球内部留下孔道结构。
5.根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的气体吸附材料，其特征在于，所述膨胀球包括：具有热塑性的壳体，所述壳体为高分子聚合物组成，所述壳体加热时软化，且受到压力时体积膨胀；
内部填充物，所述内部填充物为液态烷烃，所述内部填充物加热时气化，从而使所述膨胀球内部压力增加。
6.一种用于制备如权利要求1-5任一项所述的气体吸附材料的方法，其特征在于，包括：
将沸石粉末、膨胀球、胶黏剂与水混合，制备出水性悬浮液；
通过施压迫使所述水性悬浮液经过喷嘴制备出悬浮液滴，冷冻所述悬浮液滴得到固体微粒；
将所述固体微粒在低温下干燥，得到初始微球，所述初始微球中的膨胀球的粒径为第一尺寸；
将所述初始微球置于第一温度下加热后，得到膨胀球膨胀后的中间微球，所述中间微球中的膨胀球的粒径为第二尺寸；
将上述中间微球置于第二温度下，得到所述气体吸附材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述沸石粉末、水、胶黏剂与膨胀球的质量比为1：(0.6～1.5)：(0.03～0.15)：(0.002～0.04)。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一温度为80～190℃，所述第二温度大于或等于200℃。
9.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀球的质量为沸石的质量的0.1％～5％。
10.根据权利要求6所述的方法，所述中间微球降温至室温后再加热至第二温度。
11.一种扬声器，包括：具有收容空间的壳体、置于所述壳体内的发声单体、由所述发声单体与壳体围成的后腔，其特征在于，所述后腔中填充有权利要求1至5任一项所述气体吸附材料。
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