CN114499684A - Method and system for controlling stability of working point of MZ modulator - Google Patents

Method and system for controlling stability of working point of MZ modulator Download PDF

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CN114499684A
CN114499684A CN202011157775.1A CN202011157775A CN114499684A CN 114499684 A CN114499684 A CN 114499684A CN 202011157775 A CN202011157775 A CN 202011157775A CN 114499684 A CN114499684 A CN 114499684A
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modulator
voltage
bias
point
working
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CN114499684B (en
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孙万菊
郑龙
王衡
曹亮
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Hisense Broadband Multimedia Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/564—Power control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

In the method and the system for controlling the stability of the working point of the MZ modulator, a voltage-current working curve is obtained, an orthogonal bias point is found in the working curve, the working voltage of the MZ modulator is adjusted to a voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, the working point is a bias working point at the moment, and a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state are collected; fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve, further obtaining a slope K of the fitting curve, calculating voltage deviation according to the initial photocurrent ratio, the actual photocurrent ratio and the slope K, further calculating compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the voltage deviation, adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage to enable the MZ modulator to be in the bias working point state, and enabling the working point of the MZ modulator to be stabilized at the bias working point through the adjustment.

Description

Method and system for controlling stability of working point of MZ modulator
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a system for controlling a stable operating point of a MZ modulator.
Background
The optical module is a tool for realizing the interconversion of optical signals and is one of key devices in optical communication equipment. The adoption of a silicon optical chip to realize a photoelectric conversion function has become a mainstream scheme adopted by a high-speed optical module.
In a silicon optical module, a silicon optical chip includes an MZ (Mach-Zehnder) modulator therein. An optical carrier signal emitted by the laser enters the MZ modulator, and a high-speed data stream is loaded on the optical carrier signal in a driving voltage mode to complete the modulation of light.
The MZ modulator transfer function is non-linear, and in order to avoid signal distortion, the modulator must be operated at a specific bias operating point, but the characteristics of the MZ modulator are easily changed under the influence of heat generated during the operation of the MZ modulator, ambient temperature changes, and the like, so that the operating point of the MZ modulator is shifted from the preset bias operating point. When the operating point drifts, the MZ modulator will exhibit strong nonlinearity, which reduces the maximum dynamic range of optical communication connection, and in severe cases, the received optical signal cannot recover the original information, so it is necessary to realize stable control of the operating point of the MZ modulator.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for controlling the stability of the working point of an MZ modulator, so as to realize the stable control of the working point of the MZ modulator.
The method for controlling the stability of the working point of the MZ modulator comprises the following steps:
acquiring a voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve, and acquiring a photocurrent ratio of the MZ modulator in the bias working point state;
collecting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state;
fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve;
obtaining voltage deviation according to the fitted curve and the photocurrent ratio of the bias working point state;
and calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
Has the advantages that:
according to the technical scheme, when the optical power collected by the optical power detectors arranged at the two output ends of the MZ modulator is monitored to change, the bias working point of the MZ modulator drifts, firstly, a voltage-current working curve is obtained by adjusting the working voltage loaded on the MZ modulator, an interval where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is found in the working curve, the middle position point of the interval is the orthogonal bias point, the working voltage of the MZ modulator is adjusted to the voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, the working point of the MZ modulator is the bias working point, and a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator are collected; fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve, further obtaining a slope K of the fitting curve, calculating voltage deviation according to the initial photocurrent ratio, the actual photocurrent ratio and the slope K, further calculating compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the voltage deviation, adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage to enable the MZ modulator to be in the bias working point state, stabilizing the working point of the MZ modulator at the bias working point through the adjustment, and further solving the problem of the drift of the working point of the MZ modulator.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling an operating point of an MZ modulator to be stable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage-current working curve of an MZ modulator obtained in an embodiment provided in the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fitting curve of an MZ modulator obtained in one embodiment provided herein;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for controlling the operating point of the MZ modulator to be stable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A method for controlling the stability of the operating point of an MZ modulator, as shown in fig. 1, includes:
s110: and acquiring a voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator.
Generally, an MZ modulator mainly has three static operating points, namely, a quadrature bias point, a minimum transmission point and a maximum transmission point, wherein the minimum transmission point and the maximum transmission point are nonlinear operating points, which cause signal distortion, and therefore, it is necessary to stabilize the operating point of the MZ modulator at the quadrature bias point, which has an optimal linear operating range.
When analyzing the operating state of the MZ modulator, it is necessary to first obtain the transmission characteristic curve thereof, and in the embodiment of the present application, a voltage-current curve is selected as the transmission characteristic curve thereof, and the step is mainly to roughly search and track the approximate range of the bias operating point of the MZ modulator, specifically:
by continuously adjusting the working voltages loaded at the two ends of the MZ modulator, in the adjusting process, the working point of the MZ modulator changes, and further, the optical power at the output end of the MZ modulator changes, and the corresponding current also changes, so that a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios can be adopted in real time by continuously adjusting the working voltages loaded at the two ends of the MZ modulator, and finally, a voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator is obtained for subsequent analysis, wherein the photocurrent ratio refers to the photocurrent ratio of the optical power detector at the light source to the photocurrent ratio of the optical power detector at one output end, and the voltage-current working curve is schematically shown in fig. 2.
S120: and determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve, and acquiring a photocurrent ratio of the MZ modulator in the bias working point state.
As shown in fig. 2, the transmission characteristic curve of the MZ modulator, that is, the obtained voltage-current working curve, is a cosine-like function curve and has periodicity, so that the control of the working point of the MZ modulator only needs to implement bias control within one period. Firstly, reading a maximum current value and a minimum current value according to a voltage-current working curve, wherein the middle point of a curve segment where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is an orthogonal bias point, and adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to a voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, wherein the working point of the MZ modulator is the bias working point. The specific operation is as follows:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, first, a region with a good curve linearity in a curve is locked, a curve segment composed of a maximum current value and a minimum current value in the region is taken as a target curve segment, after the target curve segment is locked, a voltage corresponding to a midpoint position of the target curve segment is a bias voltage, the point is an orthogonal bias point, the bias voltage in fig. 2 is 2.3V, a working voltage of the MZ modulator is adjusted to 2.3V, and at this time, the working point of the MZ modulator is a bias working point.
Meanwhile, the MZ modulator in the embodiment of the present application includes an input end, the input end may specifically be an input interface, the input interface is connected to the light source, the MZ modulator is used for modulating the laser emitted by the light source, the input light wave is divided into two equal beams after passing through the optical splitter, and the two equal beams are transmitted through the two optical waveguides respectively, the optical waveguides are made of optical materials, the refractive index of the optical waveguides changes with the magnitude of the external voltage, so that a phase difference is generated when the two beams of optical signals reach the output end, if the optical path difference of the two beams of optical signals is an integral multiple of the wavelength, the two beams of optical signals are coherently cancelled, and the output of the modulator is very small. Therefore, the compensation voltage can stabilize the voltage and thus stabilize the operating point of the MZ modulator.
When the working point of the MZ modulator is stable, the ratio of the optical power of the output end to the optical power of the input end is fixed, and when the working point of the MZ modulator drifts, the ratio of the optical power of the output end to the optical power of the input end changes, so that the change of the output power of the MZ modulator can be fed back by monitoring the photocurrent input to the optical power detector, and the change condition of the working point can be represented.
After the bias operating point is determined, the ratio of the photocurrent in the current state is obtained at the same time, which is specifically as follows:
the MZ modulator comprises: the first optical power detector is arranged at the input end, and the second optical power detector is arranged at the output end;
when the working voltage of the MZ modulator is adjusted to a voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, acquiring the photocurrent output by the first optical power detector and the photocurrent output by the second optical power detector;
and calculating the ratio of the collected light current output by the first light power detector and the collected light current output by the second light power detector to obtain the light current ratio in the bias working point state.
The first optical power detector is the optical power detector at the light source, and the second optical power detector is the optical power detector at the output end.
For convenience of description, we define the photocurrent ratio obtained at this time as the initial photocurrent ratio.
S130: and acquiring a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state.
The step is to roughly search the area where the offset working point is located, the position of the offset working point needs to be finely searched in the step, and the position of the offset working point is relatively accurately locked by performing a layout method on the small area near the roughly searched offset working point. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
collecting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias operating point of the MZ modulator in the current state, and combining that the bias voltage obtained in fig. 2 is 2.3V, then performing fine scanning near 2.3V, and 10 scanning points can be respectively taken in the range of about 2.3V, in this embodiment of the present application, 2.244V, 2.252V, 2.26V, 2.268V, 2.276V, 2.284V, 2.292V, 2.3V, 2.308V, 2.316V, 2.324V, 2.332V, 2.34V, 2.348V, 2.356V, 2.364V, 2.372V, 2.38V, 2.388V, 2.396V and 8V can be taken, and 20 voltage values are taken together, and the corresponding photocurrent ratios are scanned, and the 20 photocurrent ratios are 0.397, 0.41, 0.423, 0.437, 0.380.686, 0.48, 356, 0.5036, 0.5166, 3655, 3653, 3655, 3653, 2.276 and 2.276V.
S140: and fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve.
Fig. 3 is a fitting curve obtained by fitting the voltage values and the photocurrent ratios corresponding to the 20 scanning points in the embodiment of the present application.
S150: and obtaining voltage deviation according to the fitted curve and the photocurrent ratio.
Obtaining the fitting curve obtained in the step and reading the slope K of the fitting curve;
taking the photocurrent ratio of the bias operating point state as the initial photocurrent ratio RinitAnd calculating the ratio of the collected light current output by the first light power detector and the collected light current output by the second light power detector to obtain the light current ratio in the bias working point state. For convenience of description, we define the photocurrent ratio obtained at this time as the initial photocurrent ratio.
And taking the photocurrent ratio at any moment as a real-time photocurrent ratio R, and calculating the ratio of the collected photocurrent output by the first optical power detector and the collected photocurrent output by the second optical power detector at any moment to obtain the real-time photocurrent ratio R.
Then the voltage deviation Verr＝(R-Rinit)/K。
S160: and calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
According to the obtained voltage deviation VerrThe compensation voltage of the MZ modulator is calculated.
When V iserrWhen greater than 0, the compensation voltage Vnew＝V-min(A*Verr，Vstep)；
When V iserrWhen less than 0, the compensation voltage Vnew＝V-max(A*Verr，-Vstep)；
Wherein VstepThe unit compensation voltage amplitude can be a fixed value, so that the parameter of the unit compensation voltage amplitude is set in the application in order to avoid overlarge voltage floating during voltage compensation, and the parameter is used as the unit for compensation during compensation so as to avoid overlarge voltage floating.
When voltage deviation VerrAt 0, the operating point of the MZ modulator is at the bias operating point.
Adjusting the operating voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage may place the MZ modulator in a biased operating point state.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a system for controlling an operating point of an MZ modulator to be stable, as shown in fig. 4, including:
the working curve acquisition module is used for acquiring a real-time voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
the bias working point acquisition module is used for determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve and acquiring a photocurrent ratio of the MZ modulator in the bias working point state;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state;
the fitting curve obtaining module is used for fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve;
the voltage deviation acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage deviation according to the fitting curve and the photocurrent ratio;
and the compensation voltage acquisition module is used for calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
In summary, in the method for controlling the operating point stability of the MZ modulator provided by the present application, when it is monitored that the optical power collected by the optical power detectors disposed at the two output ends of the MZ modulator changes, the bias operating point of the MZ modulator drifts, a voltage-current operating curve is obtained by adjusting the operating voltage loaded on the MZ modulator, an interval where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is found in the operating curve, the middle position point of the interval is the orthogonal bias point, the operating voltage of the MZ modulator is adjusted to the voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, the operating point of the MZ modulator is the bias operating point at this time, and a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias operating point of the MZ modulator in the current state are collected; fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve, further obtaining a slope K of the fitting curve, calculating voltage deviation according to the initial photocurrent ratio, the actual photocurrent ratio and the slope K, further calculating compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the voltage deviation, adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage to enable the MZ modulator to be in the bias working point state, stabilizing the working point of the MZ modulator at the bias working point through the adjustment, and further solving the problem of the drift of the working point of the MZ modulator.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator, comprising:
acquiring a voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve, and acquiring a photocurrent ratio of the MZ modulator in the bias working point state;
collecting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state;
fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve;
obtaining voltage deviation according to the fitted curve and the photocurrent ratio of the bias working point state;
and calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the operating voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage places the MZ modulator in a biased operating point state.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the real-time voltage-current operating curve of the MZ modulator is obtained by adjusting the voltage applied to the MZ modulator a plurality of times.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the bias operating point of the MZ modulator in the current state using the voltage-current operating curve comprises:
selecting an interval middle point which takes the maximum current value and the minimum current value as end points in the voltage-current working curve as an orthogonal bias point;
the middle point of the curve segment where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is an orthogonal bias point;
and adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to a voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, wherein the working point of the MZ modulator is a bias working point.
5. The method for controlling the operating point stability of the MZ modulator of claim 4, wherein said obtaining the photocurrent ratio in the bias operating point state comprises:
the MZ modulator comprises: the device comprises a first optical power detector arranged at an input end and a second optical power detector arranged at an output end;
when the working voltage of the MZ modulator is adjusted to a voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, acquiring the photocurrent output by the first optical power detector and the photocurrent output by the second optical power detector;
and calculating the ratio of the collected light current output by the first light power detector and the collected light current output by the second light power detector to obtain the light current ratio in the bias working point state.
6. The method for controlling the operating point stability of the MZ modulator of claim 1, wherein said obtaining a voltage deviation from said fitted curve and said photocurrent ratio value comprises:
obtaining the slope K of the fitting curve;
taking the photocurrent ratio of the bias operating point state as the initial photocurrent ratio Rinit；
Taking the photocurrent ratio at any moment as a real-time photocurrent ratio R;
said voltage deviation Verr＝(R-Rinit)/K。
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating a compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation comprises:
when V iserrWhen greater than 0, the compensation voltage Vnew＝V-min(A*Verr，Vstep)；
When V iserrWhen less than 0, the compensation voltage Vnew＝V-max(A*Verr，-Vstep)；
Wherein VstepFor the unit compensation voltage amplitude, a fixed value can be taken.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method for controlling the operating point stability of the MZ modulator comprisesCharacterized in that when the voltage deviation VerrAt 0, the operating point of the MZ modulator is at the bias operating point.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the MZ modulator further comprises a third optical power detector disposed at another output of the MZ modulator.
10. A system for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator, comprising:
the working curve acquisition module is used for acquiring a real-time voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
the bias working point acquisition module is used for determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve and acquiring a photocurrent ratio of the MZ modulator in the bias working point state;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state;
the fitting curve obtaining module is used for fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitting curve;
the voltage deviation acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage deviation according to the fitting curve and the photocurrent ratio;
and the compensation voltage acquisition module is used for calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
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