CN114499119A - Power supply circuit of active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking - Google Patents

Power supply circuit of active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114499119A
CN114499119A CN202210110280.6A CN202210110280A CN114499119A CN 114499119 A CN114499119 A CN 114499119A CN 202210110280 A CN202210110280 A CN 202210110280A CN 114499119 A CN114499119 A CN 114499119A
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Prior art keywords
power supply
harmonic
active emi
filter
emi filter
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姬军鹏
张宇
成凤娇
杨惠
林珊
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Xian University of Technology
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Xian University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H02M7/08—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode arranged for operation in parallel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a power supply circuit of an active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking, which comprises a harmonic inductor, wherein the harmonic inductor is sequentially connected with a booster, a filtering voltage stabilizer and a unipolar-to-bipolar circuit, and a battery is connected between the filtering voltage stabilizer and the unipolar-to-bipolar circuit. The circuit of the invention extracts energy generated by harmonic waves of the switching power converter from a filtered power line of the switching power converter and supplies the energy to an active EMI filter for use.

Description

Power supply circuit of active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic interference suppression, and relates to a power supply circuit of an active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking.
Background
Because the switching power converter adopts the switching device to realize the electric energy change, the dynamic change between the voltage and the current in the presence or absence state can occur in the electric energy change process, and the high-frequency electromagnetic interference can be introduced in the dynamic change process. These electromagnetic interferences can affect the operating state of other electronic devices in the surrounding power environment. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress electromagnetic interference generated by the switching power converter. Among the electromagnetic interference suppression technologies, the small and light suppression technology is an active EMI filter.
The active EMI filter must be powered by an external power source that provides energy to counteract the electromagnetic interference generated by the switching power converter and electrical energy for proper filtering operation of the active EMI filter. There is generally no suitable external power supply to the active EMI filter around the object being filtered, the switching power converter, and separate development is required. The active EMI filter generally requires a high requirement for an external power supply, and not only requires a separate power supply source, but also requires an electrical isolation measure for an output and an input, and the power supply ripple is very small, which both increases the volume and the weight of the external power supply, and seriously reduces the advantages of the small volume and the light weight of the active EMI filter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power supply circuit of an active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy extraction, which extracts energy generated by switching power converter harmonic from a filtered power supply line of the switching power converter and supplies the energy to the active EMI filter for use.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the power supply circuit of the active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking comprises a harmonic inductor, wherein the harmonic inductor is sequentially connected with a booster, a filtering voltage stabilizer and a unipolar-to-bipolar circuit, and a battery is connected between the filtering voltage stabilizer and the unipolar-to-bipolar circuit.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the harmonic inductor comprises a magnetic ring, a secondary coil and m groups of resonators, each group of resonators is formed by connecting capacitors and inductors with different values in series, one end of each group of resonators is connected with a power line, and the other end of each group of resonators is connected with an N line; and the secondary coil and the inductor in each group of resonators are wound on the magnetic ring.
The booster comprises n diodes which are arranged in parallel, a capacitor is connected between every two adjacent diodes, and the number of the diodes and the number of the capacitors are n.
The filter voltage stabilizer comprises a capacitor C, a voltage stabilizing diode VD and an inductor L which are arranged in parallel.
The unipolar-to-bipolar circuit comprises a voltage dividing resistor R1、R2Divider resistor R1Both ends are respectively connected with a filter capacitor C in parallelq1、Cq2(ii) a Voltage dividing resistor R2Are respectively connected with a filter capacitor C in parallel at two endsq3、Cq4。
Maximum operating frequency f of magnetic ring in each group of resonatorsmaxIs designed by the formula (1).
fmax＝f0·(m+1) (1)；
Wherein f is0Is the working frequency of the filtered device;
magnetic path length L of magnetic ringeIs designed by the formula (2).
Figure BDA0003494883860000021
Cross section area A of the magnet ringeDesigned by the formula (3).
Figure BDA0003494883860000031
Wherein D is the outer diameter of the magnetic ring, and D is the inner diameter of the magnetic ring.
The capacitance value C of the filter voltage stabilizer is designed by formula (4).
Figure BDA0003494883860000032
Wherein f iskThe resonance frequency corresponding to the maximum harmonic power; u shapekHarmonic voltage corresponding to the maximum harmonic power, IkThe harmonic current corresponding to the maximum harmonic power; a. thecvIs the ripple coefficient of the active EMI filter;
the inductance L of the filter regulator is designed by equation (5).
Figure BDA0003494883860000033
Wherein k is2The cut-off frequency control factor.
The capacity W of the battery is designed by equation (6).
W＝t·(PEMI-k3·kin·Pin) (6)。
The power supply circuit has the advantages that the electric energy of the power supply circuit is derived from the harmonic energy generated by the filtered switching power converter, no external power supply is provided, and the industrial problem that the external power supply of the active EMI filter is difficult to configure is solved. In addition, the rechargeable battery is arranged in the power supply circuit of the active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking, so that the problem that the power supply energy is insufficient when the active EMI filter works due to insufficient harmonic energy taking is solved. In addition, because no external power supply device is introduced, the absolute advantages of small size and light weight of the active EMI filter are ensured to a great extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply circuit of an active EMI filter for power harmonic extraction according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The input energy of the power supply circuit is from a filtered switching power converter, harmonic energy generated by the switching power converter is obtained in an induction mode, matching of the power supply voltage of the active EMI filter is realized through a booster design, conversion of a unipolar power supply to a bipolar power supply is realized through a unipolar-to-bipolar circuit, and the problem of insufficient power supply energy when the active EMI filter works due to insufficient harmonic energy taking is solved through the arrangement of the rechargeable battery. Because no external power supply device is added, the absolute advantages of small size and light weight of the active EMI filter are greatly ensured.
The structure of the power supply circuit of the active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking is shown in figure 1, and the power supply circuit consists of five parts, namely a harmonic inductor, a booster, a filtering voltage stabilizer, a battery and a unipolar-to-bipolar circuit.
The harmonic inductor comprises m groups of resonators, a magnetic ring and a secondary coil. Each group of resonators is formed by connecting capacitors C and inductors L with different resistance values in series, one end of each group of resonators is connected with a power line, and the other end of each group of resonators is connected with an N line; the inductance and the secondary coil of the resonator are both wound on the magnetic ring. In each group of resonators, the capacitance C2And an inductance L2Resonating the second harmonic wave and capacitance C3And an inductance L3Resonating third harmonic, capacitor Cm+1And an inductance Lm+1Resonating m plus 1 th harmonic;
booster composed of capacitor (C)b1、Cb2、...、Cbn) And Diode (VD)1、VD2、...、VDn) And (4) forming. Alternating current harmonics can be converted to direct current.
The filtering voltage stabilizer consists of an inductor L, a capacitor C and a voltage stabilizing diode VD, and can stabilize the direct current voltage of the rectifier within the working voltage range of the active EMI filter.
The battery is a rechargeable battery, and can store energy when the harmonic energy on the circuit is sufficient, and can supply power for the active EMI filter when the harmonic energy on the circuit is insufficient.
The unipolar-to-bipolar circuit is provided with a voltage dividing resistor R1、R2And a filter capacitor Cq1、Cq2、Cq3、Cq4And stable bipolar voltage is provided for the active EMI filter.
The invention relates to a design method of a power supply circuit of an active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy acquisition, which specifically comprises the following processes:
setting the effective value of the line voltage of the switching power converter as U, and the effective value of the voltage of the ith harmonic as UiThe effective value of the current is represented as Ii(i＝2，3...n)。
Step 1, designing a harmonic inductor;
step 1.1, designing the number m of resonators in a harmonic inductor;
the number m of resonators in the harmonic inductor is designed according to the harmonic power. The power of each harmonic is obtained sequentially from the 2 nd harmonic (the power of the ith harmonic is denoted as P)i，Pi＝Ui×Ii) When the power P of the jth harmonicjGreater than 1 mW; power P of the j +1 th harmonicj+1When the molecular weight is less than 1mW, j-1 is taken as the value of m.
Step 1.2, designing the resonant frequency f of the ith resonator in the harmonic inductori(i＝2，3，...，m+1)；
Resonant frequency f of the ith resonatoriFrom the formula fi＝i·f0And (5) designing.
Wherein f is0For the working frequency of the filtered equipment, when the filtered equipment is powered and connected into an AC 50Hz power grid0Taking 50 Hz; otherwise, f0The switching frequency of the filtered device is taken in Hz.
Step 1.3, designing the maximum working frequency f of a magnetic ring in the harmonic inductormax；
Maximum working frequency of magnetic ring is fmax＝f0Design (m + 1);
step 1.4, designing the material of a magnetic ring in the harmonic inductor;
the material of the magnetic ring in the harmonic inductor ensures the relative magnetic conductivity urAt 0Hz to fmaxAnd the inner diameter is more than 1000, and a nanocrystalline material is recommended to be used.
Step 1.5, designing the inner diameter D and the outer diameter D of a magnetic ring in the harmonic inductor;
the inner diameter d of a magnetic ring in the harmonic inductor is designed according to the line voltage grade.
When the line voltage U is less than 36V, the inner diameter d of the magnetic ring is designed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003494883860000064
unit cm;
when the line voltage U is 36 to 100V, the inner diameter d of the magnetic ring is designed according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003494883860000061
unit cm;
when the line voltage U is more than 100V, the inner diameter d of the magnetic ring is 1.8 cm;
the outer diameter D of the magnetic ring in the harmonic inductor is obtained from the formula D1.2D +0.8, and the unit is cm.
Step 1.6, designing the magnetic path length L of the magnetic ring in the harmonic inductore；
Magnetic path length L of magnetic ring in harmonic inductoreBy the formula
Figure BDA0003494883860000062
And (5) designing.
Step 1.7, designing the cross-sectional area A of a magnetic ring in the harmonic inductore；
Cross-sectional area A of magnetic ring in harmonic inductoreBy the formula
Figure BDA0003494883860000063
And (5) designing.
Step 1.8, designing an inductor L in the ith resonator in the harmonic inductoriInternal resistance R of inductori；
Inductance L in ith resonator in harmonic inductoriInternal resistance R of inductoriBy the formula
Figure BDA0003494883860000071
And (5) designing.
Step 1.9, designing capacitance value C of ith resonator in harmonic inductori；
The capacitance value of the ith resonator in the harmonic inductor is expressed by formula
Figure BDA0003494883860000072
Designing;
wherein Q is the quality factor of the resonator, and 12 is taken; riFor the inductance L in the ith resonatoriThe inductance internal resistance of (1).
Step 1.10, designing a harmonic inductorInductance value L of the ith resonatori；
Inductance value L of ith resonatoriBy the formula
Figure BDA0003494883860000073
And (5) designing.
Where Q is the quality factor of the resonator, taken as 12, RiIs an inductance L in the ith resonatoriThe inductance internal resistance of (1).
Step 1.11, designing the number of turns n of an inductance coil of the ith resonator in the harmonic inductori；
Number n of inductive coil turns of ith resonator in harmonic inductoriBy the formula
Figure BDA0003494883860000074
Designing;
wherein L isiThe inductance value of the ith resonator; l iseThe length of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic ring; u. of0Is a vacuum magnetic conductivity; u. ofrThe magnetic ring has relative magnetic conductivity; a. theeIs the cross-sectional area of the magnetic ring.
Step 1.12, determining the harmonic frequency K corresponding to the maximum harmonic power in the line;
sequentially calculating the power from the 2 nd harmonic to the m +1 th harmonic, and when the power of the kth harmonic is the maximum value, recording: pkIs the maximum harmonic power; u shapekIs the harmonic voltage corresponding to the maximum harmonic power, IkHarmonic current, f, corresponding to maximum harmonic powerkIs the resonant frequency, n, corresponding to the maximum harmonic powerkInductance coil L corresponding to the k-th harmonicKThe number of turns of (c).
And step 1.13, designing the number of turns n of a secondary coil in the harmonic inductor.
Designing the number of turns n of the secondary coil in the harmonic inductor to be equal to nk。
Step 2, designing a booster;
step 2.1, designing the supply voltage U of the active EMI filterAEF。
Step 2.2, designing a boosting multiple b of the booster;
the boost multiple b of the booster is defined by the maximum harmonic voltage UkAnd an Active EMI Filter (AEF) supply voltage UAEFAnd (5) designing. Boost multiple b is given by UAEF/UkAnd calculating to obtain a non-integer value, and then expanding the calculated value to the minimum value of the integral multiple of 2 by an integer taking method, namely the value b. For example: calculate UAEF/UkThe obtained ratio is 13.2, and the minimum value of the integral multiple of 2 is 14 after the 13.2 value is expanded.
Step 2.3, designing a diode of the booster;
the total number of diodes of the booster is set as b; the diode of the booster selects a low conduction voltage drop diode, and the tube voltage drop selects 0.2V.
Step 2.4, designing the capacitance of the booster;
the total number of capacitors of the booster is set as b; the capacitance value of the booster is selected to be 10 uF.
Step 3, designing a filter voltage stabilizer;
step 3.1, designing the ripple factor A of the power supply of the active EMI filtercv；
Ripple factor A of power supply of active EMI filtercvThe result was set to 1%.
Step 3.2, designing a capacitance value C of the filter voltage stabilizer;
the capacitance value of the filter regulator is designed according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003494883860000081
wherein f iskThe resonance frequency corresponding to the maximum harmonic power; u shapekHarmonic voltage corresponding to the maximum harmonic power, IkThe harmonic current corresponding to the maximum harmonic power; a. thecvIs the ripple factor of the active EMI filter.
Step 3.2, designing an inductor L of the filter voltage stabilizer;
the inductance L of the filter regulator is designed according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003494883860000091
wherein: f. ofkThe resonance frequency corresponding to the maximum harmonic power; k is a radical of2For the cut-off frequency control factor, 0.6 was taken.
Step 3.3, designing the voltage stabilizing value U of the voltage stabilizing diode VD of the filter voltage stabilizerVD；
Designing the regulated voltage value U of the voltage regulator diodeVDIs UAEF。
Step 4, designing a battery;
step 4.1, designing the total input power P of harmonic wavesin；
Sequentially calculating the power from 2 nd harmonic to m +1 th harmonic, wherein the total input power of the harmonic is represented by a formula Pin＝P2+P3+...+Pm+1And (5) designing.
Step 4.2, designing the capacity W of the battery;
the battery is a rechargeable battery that supplements energy when the harmonic extraction is not sufficient to operate the active EMI filter. Capacity is given by the formula W ═ t · (P)EMI-k3·kin·Pin) And (5) designing.
Wherein: t is the rated service time of the battery; pEMIIs the rated power of the active EMI filter; k is a radical of3Taking 0.85 as the conversion efficiency of the power supply device; k is a radical ofinFor the harmonic conversion efficiency, 0.75 is taken; pinIs the harmonic total input power.
Step 5, designing a unipolar-to-bipolar circuit;
monopole-to-dipole circuit resistor R1、R2Satisfy R1＝R2. And selecting a resistor with large resistance and high precision. Recommended resistance value of 100K and precision of 0.1%; voltage-stabilizing capacitor Cq1、Cq2Satisfies Cq1＝Cq2. Selecting an electrolytic capacitor, and taking 4.7-10 uF; voltage-stabilizing capacitor Cq3、Cq4Satisfies Cq3＝Cq4Selecting a non-polar capacitor, Cq3The capacity value is 100 times Cq1A capacitance value.

Claims (8)

1. Power supply circuit of active EMI wave filter that power harmonic got can, its characterized in that: the harmonic inductor is sequentially connected with a booster, a filtering voltage stabilizer and a unipolar-to-bipolar circuit, and a battery is connected between the filtering voltage stabilizer and the unipolar-to-bipolar circuit.
2. The power supply circuit of claim 1 for an active EMI filter with power supply harmonic extraction, wherein: the harmonic inductor comprises a magnetic ring, a secondary coil and m groups of resonators, each group of resonators is formed by connecting capacitors and inductors with different values in series, one end of each group of resonators is connected with a power line, and the other end of each group of resonators is connected with an N line; and the inductor and the secondary coil in each group of resonators are wound on the magnetic ring.
3. The power supply circuit of claim 1 for an active EMI filter with power supply harmonic extraction, wherein: the booster comprises n diodes which are arranged in parallel, a capacitor is connected between every two adjacent diodes, and the number of the diodes and the number of the capacitors are n.
4. The power supply circuit of claim 1 for an active EMI filter with power supply harmonic extraction, wherein: the filter voltage stabilizer comprises a capacitor C, a voltage stabilizing diode VD and an inductor L which are arranged in parallel.
5. The power supply circuit of claim 1 for an active EMI filter with power supply harmonic extraction, wherein: the unipolar-to-bipolar circuit comprises a voltage dividing resistor R1、R2Divider resistor R1Both ends are respectively connected with a filter capacitor C in parallelq1、Cq2(ii) a Voltage dividing resistor R2Are respectively connected in parallel with a filter capacitor Cq3、Cq4。
6. The power supply circuit of claim 2 for an active EMI filter with power supply harmonic extraction, wherein: maximum working frequency f of magnetic ring in each group of resonatorsmaxComposed ofThe formula (1) is designed.
fmax＝f0·(m+1) (1)；
Wherein f is0Is the working frequency of the filtered device;
magnetic path length L of magnetic ringeIs designed by the formula (2).
Figure FDA0003494883850000021
Cross section area A of the magnet ringeDesigned by the formula (3).
Figure FDA0003494883850000022
Wherein D is the outer diameter of the magnetic ring, and D is the inner diameter of the magnetic ring.
7. The power supply circuit of a power supply harmonic powered active EMI filter of claim 3, wherein: the capacitance value C of the filter voltage stabilizer is designed according to the formula (4).
Figure FDA0003494883850000023
Wherein: f. ofkThe resonance frequency corresponding to the maximum harmonic power; u shapekHarmonic voltage corresponding to the maximum harmonic power, IkThe harmonic current corresponding to the maximum harmonic power; a. thecvIs the ripple coefficient of the active EMI filter;
the inductance value L of the filter voltage stabilizer is designed by formula (5).
Figure FDA0003494883850000024
Wherein k is2The cut-off frequency control factor.
8. The power supply circuit of claim 1 for an active EMI filter with power supply harmonic extraction, wherein: the capacity of the battery is designed by the following formula (6).
W＝t·(PEMI-k3·kin·Pin) (6)。
CN202210110280.6A 2022-01-29 2022-01-29 Power supply circuit of active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking Pending CN114499119A (en)

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CN202210110280.6A CN114499119A (en) 2022-01-29 2022-01-29 Power supply circuit of active EMI filter for power supply harmonic energy taking

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