CN114495884A - Acoustic metamaterial lightweight design method and train low-frequency noise reduction composite floor - Google Patents
Acoustic metamaterial lightweight design method and train low-frequency noise reduction composite floor Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention provides a light-weight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, which is used for low-frequency vibration and noise reduction of a train floor composite structure and comprises the following steps of S1 determining target noise reduction frequency fTarget(ii) a And the S2 local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is designed in a light weight mode. The invention also provides a train low-frequency noise reduction floor which comprises an outer floor and an inner floor which are distributed in a stacked mode, wherein a wood rib is connected between the outer floor and the inner floor, and the train low-frequency noise reduction floor also comprises a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial which is fixed on one or more of the outer floor, the inner floor or the wood rib. The optimization method provided by the invention can optimize the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial and realize the light weight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial. The train low-frequency noise reduction floor can realize vibration reduction and noise reduction aiming at specific low-frequency vibration and noise in a train, and has light weightThe characteristics of (1).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of train floor low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction, in particular to a light-weight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and also relates to a train low-frequency noise reduction floor.
Background
The traditional train floor composite structure usually has good noise reduction performance at high frequency, but is limited by the 'sound insulation quality law' of the structure, and the whole structure needs to be designed to be very thick and heavy in order to improve the low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction performance of the train floor composite structure.
The floor of a train is a composite structure, which is generally composed of a ground slab or a so-called underframe (aluminum profile), an inner floor (wood floor) and a cold-proof material filled between the inner and ground slabs. In order to support the inner floor, the inner floor and the outer floor are provided with connecting pieces such as wood ribs and the like besides cold-proof materials. These connections are key components that transmit vibrations and noise outside the vehicle to the vehicle interior.
The patent discloses a passenger room floor noise reduction structure, wherein the passenger room floor is installed on a side wall of a vehicle body through a water baffle and a sealing connector, sound absorption materials are filled between the upper part of the sealing connector and the water baffle and the side wall of the vehicle body, a rubber cushion pad is lined at the bolt connection part between the top end of the water baffle and the side wall of the vehicle body, and the passenger room floor is of an integrated structure in which a layer of damping materials is lined between two layers of sound baffles.
However, although the noise reduction structure of the above patent can achieve a certain noise reduction effect, the noise reduction structure mainly acts on high frequencies (above 500 Hz), has a poor noise reduction effect on low-frequency vibration noise in high-speed train, particularly vibration noise below 200Hz, has a higher quality than the original train floor, and has a disadvantage in reducing the weight of the train.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light-weight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, which is designed aiming at the light weight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, can optimize the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial and realizes the light weight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial.
Another object of the present invention includes providing a train low frequency noise reduction floor, which is designed for low frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction of a train floor, can reduce noise for specific low frequency vibration and noise in a train, and has a light weight.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a light-weight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is used for low-frequency vibration and noise reduction of a train floor composite structure and comprises the following steps,
s1 determining a target noise reduction frequency fTarget
Analyzing the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, and determining the target noise reduction frequency f according to the peak value of the vibration transmissibilityTarget；
Lightweight design of S2 local resonance type acoustic metamaterial
The method for reducing the weight of the light-emitting diode comprises the following steps,
m1 obtains each independent size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to the shape of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and calculates the initial mass M0And an initial natural frequency f0Taking each independent size parameter as an initial variable;
m2, carrying out sensitivity analysis on each independent size parameter, and determining the influence degree of each independent size on the natural frequency and the quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial;
m3 determines the variation range of each independent dimension parameter and the mass variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to the sensitivity analysis result of each independent dimension parameter and the geometric condition limit of the specific application scene of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and the variation ranges are used as constraint conditions;
the M4 takes the natural frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial as optimization targets, optimization calculation is carried out based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, i groups of size parameters are obtained after x times of iterative calculation, and the i groups of size parameters are used as i groups of new input variables;
m5 calculates new natural frequency and new mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial corresponding to each new input variable group according to each new input variable group, and screens out new natural frequency and target noise reduction frequency fTargetClosest sets of new input variables;
m6 sets the current mass and initial mass M of the current local resonance type acoustic metamaterial0Comparing if the current mass is relative to the initial mass m0If the variation satisfies the constraint condition, it is determined thatAnd if not, returning to the step M4, and circulating the steps M4-M6.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method for determining the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure is that a vibration excitation is applied to one side of the train floor composite structure, a vibration response and an acoustic response are read from the other side of the train floor composite structure, and the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure is calculated by the formula (1), wherein the formula (1) is
In the formula (1), TaIs the transmission rate of the vibration, and,
is the average acceleration of the outer side of the outer floor,
is the average acceleration of the inside of the inner floor.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure is determined by a test method or a numerical analysis method, and the numerical analysis method determines the vibration transmissibility by establishing a sound vibration characteristic analysis model of the train floor composite structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-objective optimization algorithm is any one of a multi-island genetic algorithm, an adaptive simulated annealing method, or a neural network algorithm.
The train low-frequency noise reduction floor comprises an outer floor and an inner floor which are distributed in a stacked mode, wherein a wood rib is connected between the outer floor and the inner floor, and the train low-frequency noise reduction floor further comprises a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is fixed to one or more of the outer floor, the inner floor or the wood rib.
In an embodiment of the invention, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is a cantilever structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial includes a b-shaped block and an L-shaped block, the b-shaped block includes a cube and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam and the cube are integrally formed, one end of the L-shaped block and the cantilever beam are integrally formed, and the L-shaped block and the cantilever beam form a U-shaped structure.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is a low-density high-modulus polymer material or a low-density high-modulus metal material.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is organic glass or aluminum.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the target noise reduction frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are used as target functions, each independent size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is used as an input variable, the variation range of each independent size parameter and the mass variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are used as constraint conditions, the inherent frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are used as output parameters, and the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are optimized based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, so that the light local resonance type acoustic metamaterial specific to the specific target noise reduction frequency is obtained.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the light-weight local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is additionally arranged on the train floor, so that the train floor has vibration and noise reduction effects aiming at certain specific low-frequency vibration and noise in the train, and the train floor has the characteristic of light weight.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a train floor composite structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial bonded to a wood bone according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in which a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is adhered to an outer floor;
FIG. 6 is a right side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in which a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is adhered to an inner floor;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a method for designing a lightweight local resonance type acoustic metamaterial.
Icon: 1-outer floor, 2-inner floor, 3-wood frame, 4-local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, 41-b type block and 42-L type block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, the description is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operation, and thus, cannot be understood as the limitation of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "configured," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the train floor composite structure without the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial in the embodiment includes an outer floor 1, an inner floor 2 and a wood frame 3, the outer floor 1 is made of an aluminum profile, the inner floor 2 is made of a wood floor, the wood frame 3 is fixed between the outer floor 1 and the inner floor 2, and the train floor composite structure does not have a noise reduction effect on low-frequency noise with a specific frequency.
The local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 in this embodiment is as shown in fig. 2, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is made of a cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial made of a polymer material, in this embodiment, the cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is made of organic glass, and has a good light low-frequency vibration and noise reduction effect, and in this embodiment, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is installed in a train floor composite structure to form a train low-frequency noise reduction floor.
In order to make train low frequency noise reduction floor aim at trainA certain frequency fTargetThe present embodiment optimizes the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 to make the natural frequency of the optimized local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 and the specific frequency fTargetIn the same way, on the premise of ensuring that the train floor has the noise reduction effect for the low-frequency noise of a certain specific frequency, in order to avoid the mass of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor from being too large, even if the optimized local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 has smaller mass, as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment provides a light-weight design method for the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and the light-weight design method comprises the following steps,
s1 determining a target noise reduction frequency fTarget
Based on a finite element method, a sound vibration characteristic simulation model is established according to the actual geometric characteristics of the composite structure of the train floor. Applying vibration excitation to one side of the train floor composite structure, wherein the vibration excitation is a plurality of vibrations with different frequencies, the pressure of the vibration excitation with different frequencies to the train floor composite structure is the same, reading vibration response at two sides of the train floor composite structure, and then passing through the formula (1)
Calculating the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, wherein TaIs the transmission rate of the vibration, and,
is the average acceleration of the outer side of the outer floor 1,
is the average acceleration of the inside of the inner floor 2. Obtaining a relation graph of vibration frequency and vibration excitation frequency by analyzing the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, selecting the vibration frequency corresponding to the vibration transmissibility peak value in the relation graph, and determining the frequency as a target noise reduction frequency fTargetNamely the specific frequency for which the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is aimed;
note that the target noise reduction frequency fTargetIt is possible to analyze the vibration transmissibility of the floor composite structure or to analyze only the average acceleration of the inner side of the inner floor panel 2 and to determine from the average acceleration of the inner side of the inner floor panel 2. Target noise reduction frequency fTargetThe determination of the train floor composite structure can be determined by establishing a sound vibration characteristic analysis model of the train floor composite structure by adopting a finite element method, and can also be determined by adopting other numerical analysis methods, such as a 2.5D wave number finite element method, a statistical energy analysis method and the like. The determination of the target noise reduction frequency may also be determined by experimental methods, such as acoustic laboratory tests, line tests, and the like.
Lightweight design of S2 local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4
In the embodiment, the light weight optimization of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is realized by adopting a multi-island genetic algorithm, and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is minimized on the premise that the natural frequency of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is the same as the target noise reduction frequency. It should be noted that the light-weight optimization of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 can also be completed by adopting a multi-objective optimization algorithm such as an adaptive simulation annealing method, a neural network algorithm and the like.
Specifically, the method for optimizing the light weight in the present embodiment includes the steps of,
the M1 obtains each independent dimension parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to the shape of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4. The cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 adopted in the present embodiment is of an equal thickness structure, and is integrally formed by the b-type block 41 and the L-type block 42, an XYZ triaxial coordinate system is established in fig. 2, and it is defined that an X axis is defined along a horizontal direction in the figure, a Y axis is defined along a vertical direction in the figure, and a Z axis is defined along a direction inward from a vertical paper surface in the figure, in the cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4, a length of each side parallel to the X axis on the X axis and a distance of two adjacent sides parallel to the Y axis on the X axis are X1, X2, X3, X4, a length of each side parallel to the Y axis on the Y axis and a distance of two adjacent sides parallel to the X axis on the Y axis are Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and Z1, respectively, and then each independent initial dimension parameter in the cantilever beam type acoustic metamaterial 4 is X1, X2, X3, X3558, and X1, x4, y1, y2, y3, y4 and z1, wherein each independent initial size parameter is used as an initial variable.
After the initial size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is obtained, the initial mass m of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is calculated according to the initial size parameter0And an initial natural frequency f0。
M2 performs sensitivity analysis on each independent dimension parameter to determine the degree of influence of each independent dimension on the natural frequency and quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4.
According to the sensitivity analysis result of each independent size parameter, the M3 determines the variation range of each independent size parameter and the mass variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 by combining the geometric condition limit of the specific application scene of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4, and the variation ranges are used as constraint conditions. The constraint conditions in the embodiment are that the total height of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is limited not to exceed the height of the wood skeleton 3, and the mass gain of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is limited not to exceed 2%. By limiting the total height, the problem that the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 cannot be installed in the train floor composite structure is avoided, and the numerical value of the weight gain range can be increased or decreased as required.
The M4 takes the natural frequency of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 as a priority optimization target, optimization calculation is carried out based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, i groups of size parameters are obtained after 5000 times of iterative calculation, and the i groups of size parameters are used as i groups of new input variables. The number of iterations and the value of i are set by one skilled in the art.
M5 calculates new natural frequency and new mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial corresponding to each new group of input variables according to the new input variables selected in the step M4, and screens out the new natural frequency and the target noise reduction frequency fTargetClosest sets of new input variables;
m6 sets the current mass and initial mass M of the current local resonance type acoustic metamaterial0Comparing if the current mass is relative to the initial mass m0If the variation satisfies the constraint condition, determining that the corresponding group of new input variables with the minimum new quality is of a local resonance typeThe optimized size parameters of the acoustic metamaterial, otherwise, the step M4 is returned, and the steps M4-M6 are circulated;
the latest input variable output by the step M6 is an optimized size parameter, which corresponds to the optimized local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the target noise reduction frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are used as target functions, the independent size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are used as input variables, the variation range of the independent size parameters and the mass variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are used as constraint conditions, the natural frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are used as output parameters, and the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are optimized based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, so that the light local resonance type acoustic metamaterial specific to the specific target noise reduction frequency is obtained.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a train low frequency noise reduction floor, which includes an outer floor 1 and an inner floor 2 that are stacked and distributed, wherein the outer floor 1 is made of aluminum, the inner floor 2 is made of wood, the outer floor 1 and the inner floor 2 are connected by wood ribs 3, so as to make the train low frequency noise reduction floor aim at a target noise reduction frequency fTargetHave low frequency damping noise reduction effect, this embodiment installs local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4 additional between outer floor 1 and interior floor 2, local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4 adopts cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4 of organic glass material, local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4 can bond on outer floor 1 surface, local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4 also can bond on interior floor 2 surface, local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4 also can bond on wooden bone 3 surface, of course if local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4's size allows, local resonance type acoustics metamaterial 4 also can bond on outer floor 1 simultaneously, interior floor 2 and wooden bone 3 surface. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the problem that the mass of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is too large due to the addition of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4, the size of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is optimized through the light-weight design method of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4.
It should be noted that the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 may be made of a low-density high-modulus polymer material or a low-density high-modulus metal material, such as organic glass, or a metal material, such as aluminum.
In order to determine the optimal installation position of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 on the floor composite structure, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is respectively installed on the lower surface of the wood floor, two sides of the wood frame 3 and the upper surface of the aluminum profile based on the finite element model of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor in consideration of the feasibility of practical application, and the vibration transmission characteristic of the structure and the vibration and sound radiation characteristic above the wood floor are calculated and analyzed. And evaluating the low-frequency vibration damping performance according to the vibration transmission characteristics of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor, and finally evaluating the low-frequency vibration damping and noise reduction performance according to the vibration and sound radiation characteristics above the wood floor and determining the optimal installation position.
The finite element calculation result of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor shows that when the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is arranged on the lower surface of the wood floor, the target noise reduction frequency f can be achievedTargetThe effect of reducing the vibration transmissibility by 93.3 percent is achieved, and the weight gain of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is only 1.8 percent. When the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the wood floor, two sides of the wood frame 3 and the upper surface of the aluminum profile, the vibration acceleration of the train low-frequency noise-reducing floor can be respectively reduced by 2.9dB, 0.2dB and 1.7dB for low frequency within 200Hz, and the radiation sound power of the train low-frequency noise-reducing floor can be respectively reduced by 3.9dB, 0.3dB and 1.7dB
Therefore, according to the surface of the finite element calculation result, when the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is fixed on the lower surface of the wood floor, the noise reduction effect of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is optimal.
In this embodiment, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is a cantilever type structure, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 includes a b-shaped block 41 and an L-shaped block 42, the b-shaped block 41 includes a cube and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam and the cube are integrally formed, one end of the L-shaped block 42 and the cantilever beam are integrally formed, and the L-shaped block 42 and the cantilever beam form a U-shaped structure.
The local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 with light weight is additionally arranged on the train floor, so that the train floor has vibration and noise reduction effects on certain specific low-frequency vibration and noise in the train, and the train floor has the characteristic of light weight.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A light-weight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is used for low-frequency vibration and noise reduction of a train floor composite structure and is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
s1 determining a target noise reduction frequency fTarget
Analyzing the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, and determining the target noise reduction frequency f according to the peak value of the vibration transmissibilityTarget；
Lightweight design of S2 local resonance type acoustic metamaterial
The method for designing the light weight comprises the following steps,
m1 obtains each independent size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to the shape of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and calculates the initial mass M0And an initial natural frequency f0Taking each independent size parameter as an initial variable;
m2 carries out sensitivity analysis on each independent size parameter, and determines the influence degree of each independent size on the natural frequency and the quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial;
m3 determines the variation range of each independent dimension parameter and the mass variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to the sensitivity analysis result of each independent dimension parameter and the geometric condition limit of the specific application scene of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and the variation ranges are used as constraint conditions;
the M4 takes the natural frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial as optimization targets, optimization calculation is carried out based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, i groups of size parameters are obtained after x times of iterative calculation, and the i groups of size parameters are used as i groups of new input variables;
m5 calculates new natural frequency and new mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial corresponding to each new input variable group according to each new input variable group, and screens out new natural frequency and target noise reduction frequency fTargetA plurality of groups of nearest new input variables;
m6 sets the current mass and initial mass M of the current local resonance type acoustic metamaterial0Comparing if the current mass is relative to the initial mass m0If the variation quantity of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial meets the constraint condition, determining that the corresponding new input variable with the minimum new mass is the optimized size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, otherwise, returning to the step M4, and circulating the steps M4-M6.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the design of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial with reduced weight is performed by using a laser,
the method for determining the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure comprises the steps of applying vibration excitation to one side of the train floor composite structure, reading vibration response and acoustic response from the other side of the train floor composite structure, and calculating the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure through a formula (1), wherein the formula (1) is
In the formula (1), TaIs the transmission rate of the vibration, and,
is the average acceleration of the outer side of the outer floor,
is the average acceleration of the inside of the interior floor.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the design of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial with reduced weight is performed by using a laser,
and determining the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure by adopting a test method or a numerical analysis method, wherein the numerical analysis method determines the vibration transmissibility by establishing a sound vibration characteristic analysis model of the train floor composite structure.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the design of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial with reduced weight is performed by using a laser,
the multi-objective optimization algorithm is any one of a multi-island genetic algorithm, a self-adaptive simulated annealing method or a neural network algorithm.
5. A train low-frequency noise reduction floor comprises an outer floor and an inner floor which are distributed in a laminated manner, wherein wood ribs are connected between the outer floor and the inner floor,
the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial further comprises the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial obtained by the method for designing the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial with the reduced weight according to the claims 1 to 4,
the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is fixed to one or more of an outer floor, an inner floor or a wooden skeleton.
6. The train low frequency noise reduction floor of claim 5,
the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is of a cantilever type structure.
7. The train low frequency noise reduction floor of claim 6,
the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial comprises a b-shaped block and an L-shaped block,
the b-shaped block comprises a cubic block and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam is integrally formed with the cubic block,
one end of the L-shaped block and the cantilever beam are integrally formed, and the L-shaped block and the cantilever beam form a U-shaped structure.
8. The train low frequency noise reduction floor of claim 5,
the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is made of a high polymer material with low density and high modulus or a metal material with low density and high modulus.
9. The train low frequency noise reduction floor of claim 8,
the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is made of organic glass or aluminum.
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