CN114491763A - Automatic model weld joint grooving method suitable for building CAD software - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic model weld groove method suitable for building CAD software, which relates to the technical field of building CAD, in particular to an automatic model weld groove method suitable for building CAD software, and comprises the following steps: s1, describing the format of the three-dimensional model data; s2, extracting the contour line of the model; s3, extracting the part edge where the welding seam is located according to the contour line of the secondary part model; s4, generating a main part opposite side: if the secondary part is a plate, the lower line edge of the welding seam is the other side in the thickness direction of the plate and is opposite to the part edge of the welding seam edge; the lower edge of the wire is required to be used for judging the thickness of the plate, and meanwhile, the lower edge of the wire is detected, so that automatic groove cutting can be realized without additionally creating a welding line under the wire; s5, detecting the lower opposite side of the weld line; and S6, generating a groove cutting body. The invention can generate common welding seam bevels completely automatically without manual intervention, and support different properties, different angles, single and double sides, truncated edges, on-line and off-line double sides and minimum gaps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building CAD, in particular to an automatic model weld joint grooving method suitable for building CAD software.
Background
In the field of steel structure detailed drawing design, "detailed design" is a necessary core step, and comprises adding bolts, welding, reinforcing steel bars and the like for a virtual BIM model. Wherein the welding is the most dominant and most frequently interacting part with the part; for some common types of welding, such as V-shaped welding, it is usually necessary to pre-process the edges of the parts on both sides of the welding, which is very common in actual construction, but in a computer three-dimensional virtual model, to express such pre-processing, a certain cutting operation is required to be performed on the virtual model, and such a cutting operation is usually called "part preparation" or "weld groove" in software.
The common method of the existing software is that a software user manually creates a cutting body meeting the welding groove shape and then appoints a part to cut, which greatly increases the problem of editing burden of the user, so that the automatic groove method of the model welding line suitable for the CAD software of the building is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an automatic model weld beveling method suitable for CAD software of buildings, which solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an automatic model weld grooving method suitable for building CAD software comprises the following steps:
s1, describing the format of the three-dimensional model data;
s2, extracting the contour line of the model;
s3, extracting the part edge where the welding seam is located according to the contour line of the secondary part model;
s4, generating a main part opposite side: if the secondary part is a plate, the lower line edge of the welding seam is the other side in the thickness direction of the plate and is opposite to the part edge of the welding seam edge; the lower edge of the wire is required to be used for judging the thickness of the plate, and meanwhile, the lower edge of the wire is detected, so that automatic groove cutting can be realized without additionally creating a welding line under the wire;
s5, detecting the lower opposite side of the weld line;
and S6, generating a groove cutting body.
Optionally, in the step S1, the method further includes the following steps:
s11, the model is based on a triangular patch form, and because the most common three-dimensional model expression form of real-time CAD design software is a triangular patch, the model is easy to draw and calculate;
s12, the model is composed of four levels of abstract structures of points, edges, triangles and areas;
s13, each model is required to be connected, flow type and closed, and part models in CAD design software express real world objects, so that the real world objects all conform to the rules;
s14, all edges connected can be accessed through the point;
s15, the triangle at the two sides can be accessed through the edge;
s16, three vertexes and three sides can be accessed through the triangle;
and S17, each triangle belongs to only one area, and triangles on two sides of one side are considered as one side edge of the part if the areas belong to different areas.
Optionally, in the step S2, the method further includes the following steps:
s21, triangulating the surface patch of the model by the area, so that a complete edge is visually formed;
and S22, in the model, the model can be broken into a plurality of sections, and in order to improve the calculation efficiency of the geometric model, a preprocessing step is adopted for extracting all model contour lines, wherein each contour line consists of one or more collinear heel edges.
Optionally, in the step S3, the method further includes the following steps:
s31, obtaining the contour line of the secondary part model by using the algorithm in the previous step;
s32, traversing each contour line L of the secondary part for each welding line segment W, and checking whether L is parallel to W;
s33, if the L and the W are parallel, checking the distance between the L and the W, and if the distance is less than or equal to the minimum gap requirement of the welding seam, reserving the distance;
s34, traversing all the reserved contour lines, and only reserving one or more line segments with the minimum distance to W;
s35, combining the reserved line segments of the secondary parts into a plurality of long line segments according to whether the line segments of the secondary parts are collinear or not, and selecting one line segment with the longest length as the corresponding edge of the secondary part of the welding seam edge W;
s36, repeating the steps S32, S33, S34 and S35 until all the welding seam edges find corresponding part edges;
and S37, if any secondary part edge correspondence is not found in the seam edge, the seam edge is welded on the surface of the part or the user has wrong seam editing, and no groove is made.
Optionally, in the step S4, the method further includes the following steps:
s41, obtaining a main part model contour line set;
s42, searching a main part edge M which is parallel to the side L of the secondary part obtained in the previous step and has the distance less than or equal to the minimum gap of the welding seam;
s43, because all the edges M meeting the requirement S42 belong to at least one main part contour line Q, the linear parameters T0 and T1 of two vertexes V0 and V1 of the part edge on Q can be obtained, and all the edges M are sorted according to min (T0 and T1);
s44, combining all collinear M into a line segment E, and sorting according to the min (T0, T1) in the step 3, so that the calculation cost of collinear detection can be reduced, and the collinear detection can be completed only by O (n);
s45, taking the E with the minimum distance as the opposite side of the L on the main part;
s46, if any E meeting the requirements is not found, the edge L of the secondary part has no opposite side on the main part, and the groove is a single-side groove.
Optionally, in the step S5, the method further includes the following steps:
s51, traversing each welding seam edge L of the secondary part, and setting triangles on two sides of each welding seam edge L as TR0 and TR1
S52, setting the triangle at two sides of the main part as MR0 and MR1
S53, finding a pair of TR and MR, so that dot (TR. normal, MR. normal) is closest to 1, setting TR meeting this requirement as TRx, and another triangle as TRy;
s54, here, the ray detection method is adopted to detect the lower side of the line in the depth direction of the board, but the normal line of TRx is not used, cross (TRx, dir (L)) is used as the detection direction, namely the extension direction of the gap between the secondary part and the main part, and therefore the ray detection method has better applicability to the non-vertical edge;
and S55, finding the side which is parallel to the L and is closest to the TRy in the detected triangle at the bottom side, namely the side below the line to be searched.
Optionally, in the step S6, the method further includes the following steps:
s61, setting each edge of a secondary part welding line as L, the lower line as B and the opposite side of the main part as M;
s62, obtaining the extending distance of the plate welding line by L and B, wherein D = dist (L, B)
S63, if the weld seam truncated edge height is RF, the groove depth is D-RF (generally, the RF is not less than or equal to 0, otherwise, the penetration is not normal)
S64, after the depth is obtained, on the orthogonal section of the L, the D-RF is moved downwards along the extending direction of the weld joint obtained by the L and the B, and the bottom corner point W of the groove is obtained
S65, using W as an original point, generating a corresponding detection ray R according to the shape of the groove, V or U, wherein the intersection point of R and the welding seam edge TRx of the secondary part is the end point of the upper end of the groove
S66, moving W and R to the opposite direction of the TRy normal line by the minimum gap distance RO according to the minimum gap RO, and obtaining the edge of the groove;
s67, the main part groove cutting algorithm is the same as that of the secondary part, and the only difference is that the main part does not need to process the condition of a single-side groove.
The invention provides an automatic model weld beveling method suitable for building CAD software, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the automatic model weld groove method suitable for the building CAD software is a new part groove algorithm completely based on automation, based on a common triangular patch model, a correct part welding groove can be automatically generated only by knowing the relative position and welding type of a weld and a part, a user does not need to specify a welding shape, and a user does not need to manually specify a cutting position.
2. The automatic model weld beveling method suitable for the building CAD software supports automatic detection and cutting of the lower line part (namely the other side in the plate thickness direction) of the weld plate.
3. The model weld automatic groove method suitable for the building CAD software provides a novel full-automatic algorithm for generating the accurate weld groove without manual editing, and can support various common weld types, blunt edge heights, minimum gaps, double-side single-side automatic grooves and off-line automatic grooves.
4. The automatic model weld joint grooving method suitable for the building CAD software only needs to provide a weld joint line segment and a part model, does not need to specify any other relevant information, and has the highest degree of automation; the groove shape is automatically generated, and manual editing and intervention are completely not needed; the automatic detection device can automatically detect whether the gaps of the primary part and the secondary part are opposite or not, and can adjust the shape of the groove in a self-adaptive manner.
5. The automatic model weld groove method suitable for the building CAD software is completely automatic, common weld grooves are generated without manual intervention, and the method supports different properties, different angles, single and double sides, truncated edges, on-line and off-line double sides and minimum gaps; the left side wire frame part is a calculated cutting body, and has accurate shape, accurate position, no missed cutting and no redundancy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a double-sided V-weld of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a single-sided V-shaped weld of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an on-line, off-line, blunt V-shaped weld of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of a blunt U-shaped weld of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an on-line, off-line, blunt, gapped V-weld of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic groove method of a model weld suitable for building CAD software comprises the following steps:
s1, describing the format of the three-dimensional model data:
s11, the model is based on a triangular patch form, and because the most common three-dimensional model expression form of real-time CAD design software is a triangular patch, the model is easy to draw and calculate;
s12, the model is composed of four levels of abstract structures of points, edges, triangles and areas;
s13, each model is required to be connected (non-broken), the flow pattern is closed (each side only has no more than two adjacent triangles), and the part model in the CAD design software expresses a real-world object, so that the real-world object conforms to the rule;
s14, all edges connected can be accessed through the point;
s15, the triangle at the two sides can be accessed through the edge;
s16, three vertexes and three sides can be accessed through the triangle;
s17, each triangle belongs to one area only, triangles on two sides of one side belong to different areas, and if the areas are different, the side is regarded as one side edge of the part;
s2, extracting the contour line of the model:
s21, triangulating the surface patch of the model by the area, so that a complete edge is visually formed;
s22, in the model, the model is broken into a plurality of segments possibly, in order to improve the calculation efficiency of the geometric model, a preprocessing step is adopted for extracting all model contour lines, and each contour line consists of one or more collinear heel edges;
s3, extracting the part edge where the welding seam is located according to the contour line of the secondary part model;
s31, obtaining the contour line of the secondary part model by using the algorithm in the previous step;
s32, traversing each contour line L of the secondary part for each welding line segment W, and checking whether L is parallel to W;
s33, if the L and the W are parallel, checking the distance between the L and the W, and if the distance is less than or equal to the minimum gap requirement of the welding seam, reserving the distance;
s34, traversing all the reserved contour lines, and only reserving one or more line segments with the minimum distance to W;
s35, combining the retained secondary part line segments into a plurality of long line segments according to the fact that whether the secondary part line segments are collinear with each other, and selecting one of the long line segments with the longest length as the corresponding edge of the secondary part of the welding seam edge W;
s36, repeating the steps S32, S33, S34 and S35 until all the welding seam edges find corresponding part edges;
s37, if any secondary part edge correspondence is not found by the edge of the welding seam, the welding seam is welded on the surface of the part or the welding seam editing error of a user is represented, and no groove is made;
s4, generating the opposite side of the main part: if the secondary part is a plate, the lower line edge of the welding seam is the other side in the thickness direction of the plate and is opposite to the part edge of the welding seam edge; the lower edge of the wire is required to be used for judging the thickness of the plate, and meanwhile, the lower edge of the wire is detected, so that automatic groove cutting can be realized without additionally creating a welding line under the wire;
s41, obtaining a main part model contour line set;
s42, searching a main part edge M which is parallel to the side L of the secondary part obtained in the previous step and has the distance less than or equal to the minimum gap of the welding seam;
s43, because all the edges M meeting the requirement S42 belong to at least one main part contour line Q, the linear parameters T0 and T1 of two vertexes V0 and V1 of the part edge on Q can be obtained, and all the edges M are sorted according to min (T0 and T1);
s44, combining all collinear M into a line segment E, and sorting according to the min (T0, T1) in the step 3, so that the calculation cost of collinear detection can be reduced, and the collinear detection can be completed only by O (n);
s45, taking the E with the minimum distance as the opposite side of the L on the main part;
s46, if any E meeting the requirements is not found, the edge L of the secondary part has no opposite side on the main part, and the groove is a single-side groove;
s5, detecting the lower opposite side of the weld line:
s51, traversing each welding seam edge L of the secondary part, and setting triangles on two sides of each welding seam edge L as TR0 and TR1
S52, setting the triangle at two sides of the main part as MR0 and MR1
S53, finding a pair of TR and MR, so that dot (TR. normal, MR. normal) is closest to 1, setting TR meeting this requirement as TRx, and another triangle as TRy;
s54, here, the ray detection method is adopted to detect the lower side of the line in the depth direction of the board, but the normal line of TRx is not used, cross (TRx, dir (L)) is used as the detection direction, namely the extension direction of the gap between the secondary part and the main part, and therefore the ray detection method has better applicability to the non-vertical edge;
s55, finding out a side which is parallel to L and is closest to TRy in the detected triangle at the bottom side, namely the side below the line to be searched by people;
s6, generating a groove cutting body:
s61, setting each edge of a secondary part welding line as L, the lower line as B and the opposite side of the main part as M;
s62, obtaining the extending distance of the plate welding line by L and B, wherein D = dist (L, B)
S63, if the weld root height is RF, the groove depth is D-RF (usually, the RF is not less than or equal to 0, otherwise, penetration is not normal)
S64, after the depth is obtained, on the orthogonal tangent plane of the L, the D-RF is moved downwards along the extending direction of the weld joint obtained by the L and the B, and the bottom corner point W of the groove is obtained
S65, using W as an original point, generating a corresponding detection ray R according to the shape of the groove, V or U, wherein the intersection point of R and the welding seam edge TRx of the secondary part is the end point of the upper end of the groove
S66, moving W and R to the opposite direction of the TRy normal line by the minimum gap distance RO according to the minimum gap RO, and obtaining the edge of the groove;
s67, the main part groove cutting algorithm is the same as that of the secondary part, and the only difference is that the main part does not need to process the condition of a single-side groove.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An automatic model weld grooving method suitable for building CAD software comprises the following steps:
s1, describing the format of the three-dimensional model data;
s2, extracting the contour line of the model;
s3, extracting the part edge where the welding seam is located according to the contour line of the secondary part model;
s4, generating a main part opposite side: if the secondary part is a plate, the lower line edge of the welding seam is the other side in the thickness direction of the plate and is opposite to the part edge of the welding seam edge; the lower edge of the wire is required to be used for judging the thickness of the plate, and meanwhile, the lower edge of the wire is detected, so that automatic groove cutting can be realized without additionally creating a welding line under the wire;
s5, detecting the lower opposite side of the weld line;
and S6, generating a groove cutting body.
2. The method for automatically beveling model weld seams suitable for building CAD software according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the method further comprises the following steps:
s11, the model is based on a triangular patch form, and because the most common three-dimensional model expression form of real-time CAD design software is a triangular patch, the model is easy to draw and calculate;
s12, the model is composed of four levels of abstract structures of points, edges, triangles and areas;
s13, each model is required to be connected, flow type and closed, and part models in CAD design software express real world objects, so that the real world objects all conform to the rules;
s14, all edges connected can be accessed through the point;
s15, the triangle at the two sides can be accessed through the edge;
s16, three vertexes and three sides can be accessed through the triangle;
and S17, each triangle belongs to only one area, and triangles on two sides of one side are considered as one side edge of the part if the areas belong to different areas.
3. The method for automatically beveling model weld seams suitable for building CAD software according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the method further comprises the following steps:
s21, triangulating the surface patch of the model by the area, so that a complete edge is visually formed;
and S22, in the model, the model can be broken into a plurality of sections, and in order to improve the calculation efficiency of the geometric model, a preprocessing step is adopted for extracting all model contour lines, wherein each contour line consists of one or more collinear heel edges.
4. The method for automatically beveling model weld seams suitable for building CAD software according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the method further comprises the following steps:
s31, obtaining the contour line of the secondary part model by using the algorithm in the previous step;
s32, traversing each contour line L of the secondary part for each welding line segment W, and checking whether L is parallel to W;
s33, if the L and the W are parallel, checking the distance between the L and the W, and if the distance is less than or equal to the minimum gap requirement of the welding seam, reserving the distance;
s34, traversing all the reserved contour lines, and only reserving one or more line segments with the minimum distance from W;
s35, combining the reserved line segments of the secondary parts into a plurality of long line segments according to whether the line segments of the secondary parts are collinear or not, and selecting one line segment with the longest length as the corresponding edge of the secondary part of the welding seam edge W;
s36, repeating the steps S32, S33, S34 and S35 until all the welding seam edges find corresponding part edges;
and S37, if any secondary part edge correspondence is not found in the seam edge, the seam edge is welded on the surface of the part or the user has wrong seam editing, and no groove is made.
5. The method for automatically beveling model weld seams suitable for building CAD software according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the method further comprises the following steps:
s41, obtaining a main part model contour line set;
s42, searching a main part edge M which is parallel to the side L of the secondary part obtained in the previous step and has the distance less than or equal to the minimum gap of the welding seam;
s43, because all the edges M meeting the requirement S42 belong to at least one main part contour line Q, the linear parameters T0 and T1 of two vertexes V0 and V1 of the part edge on Q can be obtained, and all the edges M are sorted according to min (T0 and T1);
s44, combining all collinear M into a line segment E, and sorting according to the min (T0, T1) in the step 3, so that the calculation cost of collinear detection can be reduced, and the collinear detection can be completed only by O (n);
s45, taking the E with the minimum distance as the opposite side of the L on the main part;
s46, if any E meeting the requirements is not found, the edge L of the secondary part has no opposite side on the main part, and the groove is a single-side groove.
6. The method for automatically beveling the model weld of the architectural CAD software according to claim 1, characterized in that the step S5 further comprises the following steps:
s51, traversing each welding seam edge L of the secondary part, and setting triangles on two sides of each welding seam edge L as TR0 and TR1
S52, setting the triangle at two sides of the main part as MR0 and MR1
S53, finding a pair of TR and MR, so that dot (TR. normal, MR. normal) is closest to 1, setting TR meeting this requirement as TRx, and another triangle as TRy;
s54, here, the ray detection method is adopted to detect the lower side of the line in the depth direction of the board, but the normal line of TRx is not used, cross (TRx, dir (L)) is used as the detection direction, namely the extension direction of the gap between the secondary part and the main part, and therefore the ray detection method has better applicability to the non-vertical edge;
and S55, finding the side which is parallel to the L and is closest to the TRy in the detected triangle at the bottom side, namely the side below the line to be searched.
7. The method for automatically beveling model weld seams suitable for building CAD software according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the method further comprises the following steps:
s61, setting each edge of a secondary part welding line as L, the lower line as B and the opposite side of the main part as M;
s62, obtaining the extending distance of the plate welding line by L and B, wherein D = dist (L, B)
S63, if the weld seam truncated edge height is RF, the groove depth is D-RF (generally, the RF is not less than or equal to 0, otherwise, the penetration is not normal)
S64, after the depth is obtained, on the orthogonal section of the L, the D-RF is moved downwards along the extending direction of the weld joint obtained by the L and the B, and the bottom corner point W of the groove is obtained
S65, using W as an original point, generating a corresponding detection ray R according to the shape of the groove, V or U, wherein the intersection point of R and the welding seam edge TRx of the secondary part is the end point of the upper end of the groove
S66, moving W and R to the opposite direction of the TRy normal line by the minimum gap distance RO according to the minimum gap RO, and obtaining the edge of the groove;
s67, the main part groove cutting algorithm is the same as that of the secondary part, and the only difference is that the main part does not need to process the condition of a single-side groove.
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