CN114488360A - Automobile windshield and automobile - Google Patents
Automobile windshield and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN114488360A CN114488360A CN202111601834.4A CN202111601834A CN114488360A CN 114488360 A CN114488360 A CN 114488360A CN 202111601834 A CN202111601834 A CN 202111601834A CN 114488360 A CN114488360 A CN 114488360A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020286 SiOxNy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNHVEGMHOXTHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Zn+2] PNHVEGMHOXTHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
- G02B1/115—Multilayers
- G02B1/116—Multilayers including electrically conducting layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automobile windshield and an automobile, comprising: the windshield comprises a signal transmission region, the outer glass plate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the inner glass plate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface which are opposite, the second surface is opposite to the third surface, the middle layer is arranged between the second surface and the third surface, the first infrared anti-reflection sheet is attached to the first surface, the second infrared anti-reflection sheet is attached to the fourth surface, and the projections of the first infrared anti-reflection sheet and the second infrared anti-reflection sheet in the signal transmission region cover the signal transmission region in the thickness direction of the windshield. The automobile windshield and the automobile can effectively improve the passing rate of optical signals, improve the quality of the optical signals and improve the safety performance of the automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to an automobile windshield and an automobile.
Background
In recent years, with the development of automobile intelligence, the field of automatic driving gradually becomes a focus of people's attention. In the automatic driving of automobiles, the most important sensing organ is LiDAR (LiDAR), and common LiDAR can emit optical signals with the wavelength of 800-. At present, the setting of LiDAR on the car presents the trend of developing from the car outside to the car gradually, and the optical signal that interior LiDAR sent needs to pass through car windshield directive car outside and return through car windshield, and car windshield can produce certain weakening to optical signal in this in-process, influences optical signal's throughput, and then influences optical signal quality, has certain potential safety hazard. Therefore, how to improve the passing rate of the optical signal by the automobile windshield becomes a general concern of intelligent automobile manufacturers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automobile windshield and an automobile, and aims to solve the problem that the transmittance of the automobile windshield to optical signals with the wavelength of 800-1590nm emitted by a sensor device is low, so that high-quality transmission of the optical signals is ensured, and the safety performance of the automobile is improved.
The present invention provides an automobile windshield comprising: the windshield comprises a signal transmission region, the outer glass plate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the inner glass plate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface which are opposite, the second surface is opposite to the third surface, the middle layer is arranged between the second surface and the third surface, the first infrared anti-reflection sheet is attached to the first surface, the second infrared anti-reflection sheet is attached to the fourth surface, and the projections of the first infrared anti-reflection sheet and the second infrared anti-reflection sheet in the signal transmission region cover the signal transmission region in the thickness direction of the windshield.
Wherein the first infrared transmission sheet comprises a first glass sheet bonded to the first surface of the outer glass sheet; the second infrared transmission enhancement sheet comprises a second glass sheet bonded to the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet.
Wherein the first and second glass sheets are borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, K9 glass, and PMMA.
Wherein the first infrared transmission enhancing sheet further comprises a plurality of first functional layers disposed on the first glass sheet, the first functional layers being disposed on a side of the first glass sheet facing away from the first surface; the second infrared transmission enhancement sheet further comprises a plurality of second functional layers disposed on the second glass sheet, the second functional layers being disposed on a side of the second glass sheet facing away from the fourth surface.
The first functional layer comprises a first light-transmitting layer close to the first surface of the outer glass plate and a second light-transmitting layer far away from the first surface of the outer glass plate, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer is larger than that of the second light-transmitting layer, and the difference between the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer and that of the second light-transmitting layer is not less than 0.3;
the second functional layer comprises a third light-transmitting layer close to the fourth surface of the inner glass plate and a fourth light-transmitting layer far away from the fourth surface of the inner glass plate, the refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than that of the fourth light-transmitting layer, and the difference value of the refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer and the refractive index of the fourth light-transmitting layer is not less than 0.3.
And 2-10 layers of the first functional layer are arranged on the side surface, away from the first surface, of the first glass sheet, 2-10 layers of the first functional layer are arranged in a laminated manner, and in two adjacent layers of the first functional layer, the first light-transmitting layer of one layer of the first functional layer is in direct contact with the second light-transmitting layer of the other layer of the first functional layer.
And 2-10 layers of second functional layers are arranged on the side surface, away from the fourth surface, of the second glass sheet, 2-10 layers of the second functional layers are arranged in a laminated mode, and in two adjacent layers of the second functional layers, the third light-transmitting layer of one layer of the second functional layer is connected with the fourth light-transmitting layer of the other layer of the second functional layer.
The first infrared transmission piece further comprises a first protection layer and a fifth transmission layer, the fifth transmission layer is arranged on the side face, away from the first surface, of the first functional layer, and the first protection layer is arranged on the side face, away from the first functional layer, of the fifth transmission layer.
Wherein the thickness of the first protective layer is 100-2500nm, and the refractive index of the first protective layer is 1.7-2.1.
The refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer is greater than that of the first protective layer, and the difference between the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer and the refractive index of the first protective layer is not less than 0.3; meanwhile, the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer is larger than that of the second light-transmitting layer in direct contact with the fifth light-transmitting layer, and the difference value of the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting layer is not less than 0.3.
Wherein the second infrared transmission increasing sheet further comprises a second protective layer disposed on a side of the second functional layer facing away from the fourth surface.
Wherein the second protective layer is an organic fluorine layer, and the thickness of the second protective layer is less than or equal to 10 nm.
Wherein the area of the first infrared transmission sheet is greater than or equal to the area of the second infrared transmission sheet.
Wherein the ratio of the thickness of the first infrared transmission piece to the thickness of the second infrared transmission piece is more than or equal to 1.5.
Wherein, the transmittance of the signal transmission area to the infrared radiation with the wavelength range of 800-1590nm incident at the incident angle of 55-70 degrees is more than or equal to 85 percent.
Wherein the automotive windshield further comprises a bonding layer for bonding the first infrared transmission sheet to the first surface of the outer glass sheet and for bonding the second infrared transmission sheet to the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet.
The automobile windshield further comprises a heat insulation layer, wherein the heat insulation layer is arranged on the second surface of the outer glass plate and/or the third surface of the inner glass plate in a manner of avoiding the signal transmission area of the windshield.
Wherein a material of the first light-transmitting layer, the second light-transmitting layer, the third light-transmitting layer, and the fourth light-transmitting layer is selected from Al2O3、SiO2、SiON、AlON、MgO、MFx、WOx、Si3N4、TiO2、NdOx、SbOx、ZnO、ZrOx、MoOx、CeO2、AlN、Si3N4、Fe2O3、TiNx、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、DLC、CuO、BiO、CrOxAt least one of (1).
The invention further provides an automobile which comprises the automobile windshield.
In summary, the infrared transmission increasing sheets with high optical signal transmittance are arranged on the two opposite surfaces of the automobile windshield, so that when the optical signal sent by the sensor passes through the automobile windshield, the optical signal transmittance is high, the transmission quality of the optical signal can be effectively improved, and the safety performance of the automobile is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an automotive windshield according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the windshield of the vehicle of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the automotive windshield shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a further schematic cross-sectional view of a first infrared transmission patch of the automotive windshield shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a further schematic cross-sectional view of a second infrared transmission sheet of the automotive windshield shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an application scenario of an automobile windshield and an automobile according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
For the purposes of describing the invention and simplifying the description, the X, Y and Z directions are defined as shown in the drawings, it being understood that the X, Y and Z directions are orientations described based on the drawings, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 6, the present embodiment provides an automobile windshield. The automobile windshield 100 includes: an outer glass pane 10, an interlayer 20, an inner glass pane 30, a first infrared transmission sheet 40, a second infrared transmission sheet 50, and an adhesive layer 60. The interlayer 20 is located between the outer glass pane 10 and the inner glass pane 30. The automotive windshield 100 includes a signal-passing region S1 and a non-signal-passing region S2, where the signal-passing region S1 is used to provide a window area for the sensor device 200, the sensor device 200 being, but not limited to, a laser radar (LiDAR). When the windshield 100 is mounted on a vehicle, the sensor device 200 is disposed inside the vehicle, an optical signal emitted by the sensor device 200 is reflected by an external object and then reaches the inside of the vehicle through the signal transmission region S1 of the windshield 100, and the sensor device 200 collects the optical signal.
The proportion of the area of the signal transmission area S1 to the whole area of the automobile windshield 100 is less than or equal to 6 percent; in one embodiment, the proportion of the area of the signal transmission area S1 in the whole automobile windshield 100 area is less than or equal to 4 percent; in one embodiment, the proportion of the area of the signal transmission area S1 in the whole automobile windshield 100 is less than or equal to 2%. The first infrared transmission increasing sheet 40 is attached to one surface of the outer glass plate 10, which faces away from the intermediate layer 20, the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 is attached to one surface of the inner glass plate 30, which faces away from the intermediate layer 20, and the first infrared transmission increasing sheet 40 and the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 correspond to the signal transmission area S1 in position and are used for allowing the optical signal emitted by the sensor device 200 to pass through.
Referring to fig. 3, the outer glass plate 10 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12, the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first surface 11 faces the space outside the vehicle. The first infrared transmission piece 40 is attached to the first surface 11 of the outer glass plate 10, the position of the first infrared transmission piece 40 on the first surface 11 corresponds to the position of the signal transmission region S1, and in the thickness direction of the automobile windshield 100, the orthographic projection of the first infrared transmission piece 40 in the signal transmission region S1 completely covers the signal transmission region S1, which can be understood that an optical signal emitted by the sensor device 200, after being reflected by an external object, will first pass through the first infrared transmission piece 40 and then enter the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30. Wherein the first infrared transmission enhancing sheet 40 is bonded to the first surface 11 by an adhesive layer 60.
Referring also to FIG. 3, the inner glass plate 30 includes a third surface 31 and a fourth surface 32, the third surface 31 and the fourth surface 32 are disposed opposite to each other, and the third surface 31 faces the interlayer 20. The second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 is attached to the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass plate 30, the position of the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 on the fourth surface 32 corresponds to the position of the signal transmission region S1, and in the thickness direction of the automobile windshield 100, the orthographic projection of the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 in the signal transmission region S1 completely covers the signal transmission region S1, which can be understood that when an optical signal emitted by the vehicle interior sensor device 200 needs to be emitted out of the windshield 100, the optical signal firstly passes through the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 and then enters the inner glass plate 30 and the outer glass plate 10. Wherein the second infrared transmission sheet 50 is bonded to the fourth surface 32 by an adhesive layer 60.
The material of the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 is, but not limited to, one of calcium silicate glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, and K9 glass. The materials of the outer glass pane 10 and the inner glass pane 30 may be the same or different.
The intermediate layer 20 used in the present application is not particularly limited. As the material of the intermediate layer 20, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyurethane (PU), and polyolefin elastomer (POE) can be exemplified. In one embodiment, PVB is used for the interlayer 20, and the interlayer has good adhesion to the glass plate, penetration resistance, and sound insulation effect, and comfort is considered.
In one embodiment, the intermediate layer 20 is formed of at least one layer, and may be formed of a two-layer or three-layer structure sandwiched by a soft core layer and an outer layer harder than the core layer. For example, by sandwiching the soft core layer between the outer layers, the sound insulation performance can be greatly improved while maintaining the same adhesion and penetration resistance as those of the single-layer resin intermediate layer 20. It is to be understood that the structure of the intermediate layer 20 of the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the above-described structure.
The interlayer 20 is formed of a multilayer structure including a core layer and at least one outer layer disposed on a side of the core layer facing the outer glass sheet 10, such as a two-layer interlayer 20 formed using a core layer and one outer layer disposed on a side of the core layer facing the outer glass sheet 10. Alternatively, the intermediate layer 20 may be formed by arranging two or more outer layers of an even number on both sides of the core layer facing each other. Alternatively, the intermediate layer 20 may be formed by sandwiching the core layer between the outer layers disposed in odd number on one side of the core layer and the outer layers disposed in even number on the other side of the core layer. In the above example, in the case where the outer layer is provided only on one side of the core layer, the outer layer is provided on the side of the core layer close to the outer glass plate 10 to improve the breakage resistance against the external force from the outside of the vehicle. Meanwhile, when the number of outer layers is large, the sound insulation performance also becomes high. The material of the outer layer may be a polyvinyl butyral resin, and the material of the core layer may be EVA, or a polyvinyl butyral resin that is softer than the polyvinyl butyral resin constituting the outer layer.
It will be readily appreciated that the outer layers of the interlayer 20 disposed on either side of the core layer may be made stiffer than the core layer to improve the overall stiffness properties of the automotive windshield while ensuring the bonding properties of the interlayer 20 and at the same time allowing for thinner outer and inner glass layers.
The intermediate layer 20 may also be a wedge-shaped film for head-up display, which is used to eliminate secondary images in the head-up display and improve the projection effect.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the first infrared transmission enhancing sheet 40 includes a first glass sheet 41, a first protective layer 42, a plurality of first functional layers 43 and a fifth light transmission layer 46, wherein the first glass sheet 41 is attached to the first surface 11 of the outer glass plate 10 by, but not limited to, adhesion; the first functional layer 43 is arranged on the side of the first glass pane 41 facing away from the first surface 11; the fifth light transmitting layer 46 is disposed on the side of the first functional layer 43 facing away from the first surface 11, the first protective layer 42 is disposed on the side of the fifth light transmitting layer 46 facing away from the first functional layer 43, and the first protective layer 42 is located on the outermost side of the first infrared transmitting sheet 40, that is, the first protective layer 42 directly contacts the space outside the vehicle. The plurality of first functional layers 43 are stacked.
Wherein the thickness of the first protective layer 42 is 100-2500nm, the refractive index of the first protective layer 42 is 1.7-2.1, and the material of the first protective layer 42 is but not limited to AlN and Si3N4、AlOxNy、SiOxNy、DLC、SiC、ZrOxFirst protective layer 42 is used to improve scratch resistance of first infrared transmission increasing sheet 40.
Preferably, 2 to 10 layers of the first functional layer 43 are arranged on the side of the first glass pane 41 facing away from the first surface 11. More preferably, 4-8 layers of said first functional layer 43 are provided on the side of said first glass sheet 41 facing away from said first surface 11.
As shown in fig. 4, each first functional layer 43 includes a first light-transmitting layer 44 close to the first surface 11 of the outer glass plate 10 and a second light-transmitting layer 45 far from the first surface 11 of the outer glass plate 10, and the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer 44 is greater than that of the second light-transmitting layer 45, and the difference between the refractive index of the first light-transmitting layer 44 and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting layer 45 is not less than 0.3. It can be understood that, between the plurality of first functional layers 43, the first light-transmitting layer 44 of one first functional layer 43 is in direct contact with the second light-transmitting layer 45 of another layer, and the first light-transmitting layers 44 of the plurality of first functional layers 43 are separated by the second light-transmitting layer 45, that is, the first light-transmitting layers 44 and the second light-transmitting layers 45 are alternately laminated, so as to reduce the reflectivity of the optical signal, improve the optical signal transmittance of the first infrared transparency increasing sheet 40, and further improve the quality of optical signal transmission.
In some embodiments, the first infrared transmission sheet 40 includes a first protective layer 42, a fifth light transmission layer 46, a plurality of first light transmission layers 44, and a plurality of second light transmission layers 45. The refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer 46 is greater than that of the first protective layer 42, and the difference between the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer and that of the first protective layer is not less than 0.3; meanwhile, the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer 46 is greater than that of the second light-transmitting layer 45 in direct contact with the fifth light-transmitting layer 46, and the difference between the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting layer is not less than 0.3. That is, the first protective layer 42, the fifth light-transmitting layer 46, the second light-transmitting layer 45, the first light-transmitting layer 44, the … …, the second light-transmitting layer 45, the first light-transmitting layer 44, and the first glass sheet 41 in this order from the outside of the automobile toward the inside of the automobile, and the relationship between the refractive indices of the first infrared transmitting sheet 40 in this order is: it should be noted that, in the low, high, low, and high … …, materials of each first light-transmitting layer 44 and each second light-transmitting layer 45 may be the same or different, and only a difference between a refractive index of each first light-transmitting layer 44 and a refractive index of each second light-transmitting layer 45 adjacent to each other is not less than 0.3.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the second infrared transmission enhancing sheet 50 comprises a second glass sheet 51 and a plurality of second functional layers 52, the second glass sheet 51 is attached to the fourth surface 32 of the inner glass sheet 30 by, but not limited to, adhesive bonding; the second functional layer 52 is arranged on the side of the second glass pane 51 facing away from the fourth surface 32, and a plurality of second functional layers 52 are arranged one above the other.
Preferably, the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 further comprises a second protective layer (not shown in the figures) arranged on the side of the second functional layer 52 facing away from the fourth surface 32, the second protective layer and the plurality of second functional layers 52 being laminated in sequence on the second glass sheet 51, the second protective layer being located at the innermost side of the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50, i.e. the second protective layer directly contacting the vehicle interior space. Wherein the second protective layer is an organic fluorine layer, and the thickness of the second protective layer is less than or equal to 10 nm.
As shown in fig. 5, each second functional layer 52 includes a third light-transmitting layer 53 close to fourth surface 32 of inner glass plate 30 and a fourth light-transmitting layer 54 far from fourth surface 32 of inner glass plate 30, and the refractive index of third light-transmitting layer 53 is greater than the refractive index of fourth light-transmitting layer 54 by a difference of not less than 0.3. The third light-transmitting layer 53 and the fourth light-transmitting layer 54 are stacked. It is understood that a plurality of second functional layers 52 are alternately stacked, and third light-transmitting layers 53 and fourth light-transmitting layers 54 are alternately stacked, so as to improve the optical signal transmission rate of the second infrared transmission-enhancing sheet 50, and thus improve the quality of optical signal transmission.
Preferably, 2 to 10 layers of the second functional layer 52 are arranged on the side of the second glass sheet 51 facing away from the fourth surface 32. More preferably, 4-8 layers of the second functional layer 52 are provided on the side of the second glass sheet 51 facing away from said fourth surface 32.
In one embodiment, second functional layer 52 of second infrared transmission sheet 50 includes a plurality of third light transmission layers 53 and a plurality of fourth light transmission layers 54, where the plurality of third light transmission layers 53 and the plurality of fourth light transmission layers 54 are arranged in an overlapping manner according to the refractive index to reduce the reflectivity of the optical signal and increase the optical signal transmittance of second infrared transmission sheet 50. I.e., one third light transmitting layer 53 of higher refractive index and one fourth light transmitting layer 54 of lower refractive index are alternately laminated in this order, with one fourth light transmitting layer 54 of lower refractive index (the layer closest to the vehicle interior) being positioned on the side closer to the vehicle interior.
That is, the fourth light-transmitting layer 54, the third light-transmitting layer 53 … …, the fourth light-transmitting layer 54, the third light-transmitting layer 53, and the second glass sheet 51 are arranged in this order from the inside of the automobile toward the outside of the automobile. That is, in the direction from the inside of the automobile to the outside of the automobile, the refractive index relationships of the respective layers of the second infrared transmission increasing sheet 50 are, in order: note that low, high, low, and high … … are provided to ensure that the refractive index of each third light transmitting layer 53 is greater than the refractive index of each fourth light transmitting layer 54 by a difference of not less than 0.3, and that one of the fourth light transmitting layers 54 is located in the layer closest to the vehicle interior. And then, the materials of each third euphotic layer 53 and each fourth euphotic layer 54 can be the same or different, and only the difference between the refractive index of the adjacent third euphotic layer 53 and the refractive index of each fourth euphotic layer 54 is required to be not less than 0.3.
In the present invention, the first glass plate 41 and the second glass plate 51 are made of glass or plastic, and specifically, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, K9 glass, and PMMA may be used.
In the present invention, the material for first light-transmitting layer 44, second light-transmitting layer 45, third light-transmitting layer 53, and fourth light-transmitting layer 54 is selected from Al2O3、SiO2、SiON、AlON、MgO、MFx、WOx、Si3N4、TiO2、NdOx、SbOx、ZnO、ZrOx、MoOx、CeO2、AlN、Si3N4、Fe2O3、TiNx、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、DLC、CuO、BiO、CrOxAt least one of (1).
In this embodiment, since the optical signal is emitted from the sensor device 200 and scans the external object, the overall scanning path is a sector, and the external appearance factor of the vehicle is considered, the area of the first infrared transparency increasing sheet 40 is required to be larger than the area of the second infrared transparency increasing sheet 50, so that when the optical signal passes through the windshield 100 of the vehicle, the optical signal can be completely located within the range of the first infrared transparency increasing sheet 40 and the second infrared transparency increasing sheet 50, so as to ensure the normal transmission of the optical signal. To ensure optical signal transmission quality, and the presence of the thicker first protective layer 42 in the first infrared transmission enhancing sheet 40, the total thickness of the first infrared transmission enhancing sheet 40 is greater than the total thickness of the second infrared transmission enhancing sheet 50. In one embodiment, the ratio of the total thickness of the first infrared transmission sheet 40 to the second infrared transmission sheet 50 is greater than or equal to 1.5; in one embodiment, the ratio of the total thickness of the first infrared transmission sheet 40 to the second infrared transmission sheet 50 is greater than or equal to 2; in one embodiment, the ratio of the total thickness of the first infrared transmission sheet 40 to the second infrared transmission sheet 50 is greater than or equal to 2.5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, when the sensor device 200 transmits an optical signal with a wavelength of 800-. In the present invention, the sensor device 200 emits optical signals with a wavelength of 800-.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the automobile windshield 100 further includes a thermal insulation layer 70, and the signal transmission region S1 of the thermal insulation layer 70, which avoids the windshield 100, is disposed on the second surface 12 of the outer glass plate 10 and/or the third surface 31 of the inner glass plate 30. The heat insulation layer 70 has the function of reflecting infrared rays, so that infrared rays entering the vehicle can be reduced, the temperature in the vehicle is reduced, the heat insulation performance of the vehicle is improved, and the use experience of a user is improved. The specific location of the thermal insulation layer 70 can be adjusted according to the actual requirement of the automobile windshield 100 for thermal insulation, and the technical solution of the present application is not strictly limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a windshield 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a non-signal-transmitting region S2 of the windshield 100 includes a display region S21 and a shielding region S22, and the shielding region S22 is surrounded by a display region S21 and a signal-transmitting region S1.
In one embodiment, the thermal insulation layer 70 can be prepared on the outer glass plate 10 or the inner glass plate 30 by using a horizontal or vertical vacuum magnetron sputtering coating device according to the design requirements of the thermal insulation coating film system, and the sizes of the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 30 meet the requirements of the automobile windshield. It is understood that the entire surface of the outer glass plate 10 or the inner glass plate 30 need not be plated with the insulating layer 70, and the insulating layer 70 in the region corresponding to the signal transmission region S1 needs to be removed, and the insulating layer 70 in the region corresponding to the shielding region S22 needs to be removed, while the insulating layer 70 in the region of the display region S21 remains. Illustratively, the local plating may be achieved by: one is to directly plate the heat insulating layer 70 on the entire surface of the outer glass plate 10 or the inner glass plate 30, and then remove the film on the areas not requiring film plating by using laser; the other method is to use a mask in the coating process, and the mask can block sputtered materials from reaching the glass plate, so that the film layer is only deposited on a required position.
The thermal barrier layer 70 may illustratively be a functional silver layer, a transparent conductive oxide coating, an infrared absorbing coating.
The material of the functional silver layer can comprise at least one silver layer or silver alloy layer. The functional silver layer can adopt a horizontal or vertical vacuum magnetron sputtering coating deviceAnd deposited onto the glass surface by magnetron sputtering, either on the third surface 31 of the inner glass sheet 30 or on the second surface 12 of the outer glass sheet 10, provided that the film layer is facing the interlayer 20. The functional silver layer may further include a dielectric layer, a barrier layer, and a protective layer. The dielectric layer may include multiple layers, and the material may include silicon nitride (Si)3N4) And tin-doped zinc oxide (ZnSnO)x) And tin-doped magnesium zinc oxide (ZnSnMgO)x) Or tin-nickel-doped zinc oxide (ZnSnNiO)x) It is needless to say that the metal may include at least one selected from oxides of metals such as zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), bismuth (Bi), zirconium (Zr), silicon (Si), and aluminum (Al), and alloys thereof, or nitrides and oxynitrides of metals such as silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), zirconium (Zr), and niobium (Nb), and alloys thereof. Wherein the silver alloy layer is preferably an alloy of silver and at least one of gold, aluminum and copper. The material of the barrier layer is at least one of metal, oxide, nitride, oxynitride, incomplete oxide, incomplete nitride, and incomplete oxynitride of metal such as titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr), zinc (Zn), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), and alloys thereof. The material of the protective layer may be silicon oxide (SiO)x) Silicon nitride (SiN)x) Silicon oxide doped with nitrogen (SiO)xNy) Aluminum-doped silicon oxide (SiAlO)x) And nitrogen-doped aluminum silicon oxide (SiAlO)xNy) Aluminum-doped silicon nitride (SiAlN)y) Zirconium oxide (ZrO)x) Zirconium oxide (ZrMO) doped with metal elementx) And the like.
The film material of the transparent conductive oxide coating can be indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and the like. The transparent conductive oxide coating may be formed on the second surface 12 of the outer glass sheet 10 or the third surface 31 of the inner glass sheet 30 by magnetron sputter deposition or high temperature chemical vapor deposition techniques.
The infrared absorbing coating may be a film layer containing an inorganic infrared absorbing component prepared on the surface of the glass by a sol-gel method. Specifically, inorganic silicon alkoxide, an organic solvent, a silane coupling agent, a catalyst and deionized water can be selected, silica sol is obtained after mixing and stirring, and then the infrared absorption heat insulation coating liquid is obtained after mixing and stirring the silica sol, the transparent conductive oxide nano particles and the auxiliary agent. And then, pretreating the glass surface by adopting an organic solution wiping mode, a plasma flame treatment mode or a natural gas flame treatment mode and the like, coating the heat insulation coating liquid on the glass surface, and finally curing the infrared absorption heat insulation coating liquid to form an infrared absorption coating, wherein the curing equipment can be a short wave infrared lamp, a medium wave infrared lamp, a hot air oven or a muffle furnace and the like.
The embodiment of the application sets up the infrared transparency increasing piece on outer glass board 10 and interior glass board 30 through adopting simultaneously, the effect of high passing through has been realized, the high transmissivity of light signal has been satisfied, optical signal's transmission quality has been guaranteed, the application of sensor system in the car intelligent field has been promoted, when windshield 100 of formation was installed and is used on the vehicle, be favorable to increasing the security performance and the comfort level of taking the environment in the car, satisfy the travelling comfort and the intellectuality of car future development.
Embodiments also provide an automobile comprising the automobile windshield 100.
According to the automobile windshield 100 and the automobile provided by the invention, when the optical signal emitted by the sensor device 200 passes through the automobile windshield 100, the reflectivity of the optical signal is reduced and the optical signal transmittance of the automobile windshield 100 is improved by arranging the optical high-transmittance regions, namely the first infrared transmittance increasing sheet 40 and the second infrared transmittance increasing sheet 50 on the automobile windshield 100, so that the quality of the optical signal is improved and the safety performance of the automobile is improved.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (19)
1. An automotive windshield, comprising: the windshield comprises a signal transmission region, the outer glass plate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the inner glass plate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface which are opposite, the second surface is opposite to the third surface, the middle layer is arranged between the second surface and the third surface, the first infrared anti-reflection sheet is attached to the first surface, the second infrared anti-reflection sheet is attached to the fourth surface, and the projections of the first infrared anti-reflection sheet and the second infrared anti-reflection sheet in the signal transmission region cover the signal transmission region in the thickness direction of the windshield.
2. The automotive windshield according to claim 1, wherein the first infrared transmission sheet comprises a first glass sheet bonded to the first surface of the outer glass sheet; the second infrared transmission enhancement sheet comprises a second glass sheet bonded to the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet.
3. The vehicle windshield according to claim 2, wherein the first and second glass sheets are glass or plastic, in particular borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, K9 glass, and PMMA.
4. The automotive windshield of claim 2, wherein the first infrared transmission enhancement sheet further comprises a plurality of first functional layers disposed on the first glass sheet, the first functional layers being disposed on a side of the first glass sheet facing away from the first surface; the second infrared transmission enhancement sheet further comprises a plurality of second functional layers disposed on the second glass sheet, the second functional layers being disposed on a side of the second glass sheet facing away from the fourth surface.
5. The automotive windshield according to claim 4, wherein the first functional layer comprises a first light-transmitting layer proximate to the first surface of the outer glass sheet and a second light-transmitting layer distal from the first surface of the outer glass sheet, the first light-transmitting layer has a refractive index greater than the second light-transmitting layer by a difference of not less than 0.3;
the second functional layer comprises a third light-transmitting layer close to the fourth surface of the inner glass plate and a fourth light-transmitting layer far away from the fourth surface of the inner glass plate, the refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than that of the fourth light-transmitting layer, and the difference value of the refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer and the refractive index of the fourth light-transmitting layer is not less than 0.3.
6. The vehicle windshield according to claim 5, wherein 2-10 of the first functional layers are arranged on the side of the first glass pane facing away from the first surface, 2-10 of the first functional layers being arranged one above the other and two adjacent first functional layers, wherein the first light-transmitting layer of one of the first functional layers is in direct contact with the second light-transmitting layer of the other first functional layer.
7. The vehicle windshield according to claim 5, wherein 2-10 of the second functional layers are arranged on the side of the second glass pane facing away from the fourth surface, 2-10 of the second functional layers being arranged one above the other and two adjacent second functional layers, wherein the third light-transmitting layer of one of the second functional layers is in direct contact with the fourth light-transmitting layer of the other second functional layer.
8. The automotive windshield of claim 4, wherein the first infrared transmission enhancement sheet further comprises a first protective layer and a fifth light transmitting layer, the fifth light transmitting layer being disposed on a side of the first functional layer facing away from the first surface, the first protective layer being disposed on a side of the fifth light transmitting layer facing away from the first functional layer.
9. The automobile windshield according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the first protective layer is 100-2500nm, and the refractive index of the first protective layer is 1.7-2.1.
10. The automobile windshield according to claim 8, wherein the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer is greater than that of the first protective layer, and the difference between the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer and the refractive index of the first protective layer is not less than 0.3; meanwhile, the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer is larger than that of the second light-transmitting layer in direct contact with the fifth light-transmitting layer, and the difference value of the refractive index of the fifth light-transmitting layer and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting layer is not less than 0.3.
11. The automotive windshield of claim 4, wherein the second infrared transmission sheet further comprises a second protective layer disposed on a side of the second functional layer facing away from the fourth surface.
12. The vehicle windshield according to claim 11, wherein the second protective layer is an organofluorine layer and has a thickness of 10nm or less.
13. The automotive windshield of claim 1, wherein the first infrared transmission sheet has an area greater than or equal to the area of the second infrared transmission sheet.
14. The automotive windshield according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the thickness of the first infrared transmission sheet to the thickness of the second infrared transmission sheet is greater than or equal to 1.5.
15. The automobile windshield according to claim 1, wherein the signal transmission region has a transmittance of 85% or more for infrared rays in the wavelength range of 800-1590nm incident at an incident angle of 55 ° -70 °.
16. The automotive windshield according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesive layer for bonding the first infrared transmission sheet to the first surface of the outer glass sheet and for bonding the second infrared transmission sheet to the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet.
17. The automotive windshield according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating layer disposed on the second surface of the outer glass sheet and/or the third surface of the inner glass sheet avoiding the signal transmission region of the windshield.
18. The automobile windshield according to claim 5, wherein the material of the first light-transmitting layer, the second light-transmitting layer, the third light-transmitting layer and the fourth light-transmitting layer is selected from Al2O3、SiO2、SiON、AlON、MgO、MFx、WOx、Si3N4、TiO2、NdOx、SbOx、ZnO、ZrOx、MoOx、CeO2、AlN、Si3N4、Fe2O3、TiNx、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、DLC、CuO、BiO、CrOxAt least one of (1).
19. An automobile, characterized in that it comprises an automobile windscreen according to claims 1-18.
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| CN202111601834.4A CN114488360A (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Automobile windshield and automobile |
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| CN202111601834.4A CN114488360A (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Automobile windshield and automobile |
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| CN115724597A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-03 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Glass, laminated glass and vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20220513 |