CN114484921A - Coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system and operation method - Google Patents
Coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114484921A CN114484921A CN202210062761.4A CN202210062761A CN114484921A CN 114484921 A CN114484921 A CN 114484921A CN 202210062761 A CN202210062761 A CN 202210062761A CN 114484921 A CN114484921 A CN 114484921A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 224
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical group [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PZZOEXPDTYIBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylamino]methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CCNCC1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2CC1 PZZOEXPDTYIBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04052—Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/008—Systems for storing electric energy using hydrogen as energy vector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system and an operation method, wherein the system meets the electric load and increases a hydrogen energy storage system through power grid, photovoltaic, wind energy and gas turbine power generation, and can meet the hydrogen load demand, wherein a fuel cell adopts a proton exchange membrane fuel cell; in the aspect of cold and hot load, a compression heat pump is used for supplying heat, cooling and heat for thermochemical energy storage equipment, an absorption heat pump system is coupled, smoke generated by a gas turbine, steam generated by the thermochemical energy storage system and hot water generated by a fuel cell are used as driving heat sources of a high-pressure generator, reversing valves are arranged on external water source pipelines of an absorber and an evaporator, and the heating and cooling modes of the system can be adjusted. The invention can realize the four-way supply of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen for users, fully recycles the multi-source and multi-taste waste heat in the distributed energy system through the coupling absorption heat pump, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the whole system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed energy systems, in particular to a coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system and an operation method.
Background
In recent years, under the big background that China is dedicated to building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system, the energy development enters a new stage, and a distributed energy system with multiple complementary energies can support the access of multiple renewable energies and the access of hydrogen energy storage and other energy storage devices, has become a necessary trend for the development of the future energy industry, but still faces many challenges, for a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system consisting of power supply of a power grid, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, power generation of a gas turbine set, a compression heat pump, a hydrogen energy storage system and a thermochemical heat storage system, multi-source and multi-grade waste heat exists, the existing distributed energy system lacks equipment for efficiently utilizing the waste heat energy and realizes the functions of heat supply in winter and cold supply in summer, thereby causing resource waste and reducing the energy utilization rate of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system and an operation method thereof, which can realize electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen quadruple supply for users, fully recycle multi-source and multi-taste waste heat in a distributed energy system through the coupling absorption heat pump, realize cascade utilization of energy and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the whole system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system comprises an ejector 1, a high-pressure generator 2, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, a first solution pump 4, an absorber 5, a first flow regulating valve 6, a first throttling valve 7, an evaporator 8, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, a first low-pressure generator 10, a second low-pressure generator 11, a condenser 12, a liquid remover 13, a valve 14, a second solution pump 15, a second throttling valve 16, a third throttling valve 17, a second flow regulating valve 18, a third flow regulating valve 19, a fourth flow regulating valve 20, a fourth throttling valve 21, an electrolytic cell device 22, a hydrogen storage device 23, a fuel cell 24, a thermochemical energy storage device 25, a gas generator set 26, a wind power generation 27, a photovoltaic power generation 28, a compression heat pump 29, a power grid 30, a first reversing valve 31, a second reversing valve 32, a fifth flow regulating valve 33 and a sixth flow regulating valve 34, the absorption heat pump system comprises an ejector 1, a high-pressure generator 2, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, a first solution pump 4, an absorber 5, a first flow regulating valve 6, a first throttling valve 7, an evaporator 8, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, a first low-pressure generator 10, a second low-pressure generator 11, a condenser 12, a liquid remover 13, a valve 14, a second solution pump 15, a second throttling valve 16, a third throttling valve 17, a second flow regulating valve 18, a third flow regulating valve 19, a fourth flow regulating valve 20, a fourth throttling valve 21, a first reversing valve 31, a second reversing valve 32, a fifth flow regulating valve 33 and a sixth flow regulating valve 34;
the gas generator set 26, the wind power generation 27, the photovoltaic power generation 28 and the power grid 30 are respectively connected with an electric load through electric wires, and lead out electric wires which are respectively communicated with an inlet of a compression heat pump 29 and an inlet of the electrolytic bath device 22; the compression heat pump 29 is respectively communicated with a cold load and a heat load through connecting pipes; the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell device 22 is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen storage device 23 through a connecting pipe, the outlet of the hydrogen storage device 23 is respectively communicated with the inlet of the fuel cell 24 and the hydrogen load inlet through connecting pipes, wherein a wire is led out from the fuel cell 24 and is communicated with an electric load, the high-temperature water outlet of the fuel cell 24 is communicated with the driving heat source inlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 through a connecting pipe, and the driving heat source outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 is communicated with the high-temperature water inlet of the fuel cell 24 through a connecting pipe; the flue gas outlet of the gas generator set 26 is divided into two paths, and one path is sequentially communicated with the flue gas inlet of the thermochemical energy storage device 25 and a thermal load through a connecting pipe; the other path is communicated with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 through a connecting pipe; the high-temperature steam outlet of the thermochemical energy storage device 25 is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the working fluid inlet of the ejector 1 through a connecting pipe; the other path is communicated with an inlet of a valve 14 through a connecting pipe, and an outlet of the ejector 1 and an outlet of the valve 14 are communicated with a high-temperature steam inlet and an outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 through connecting pipes; a lithium bromide dilute solution outlet of the absorber 5 is sequentially communicated with a first solution pump 4, a second solution pump 15, a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and outlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 through connecting pipes; the high-pressure generator 2 heat pump cycle working medium steam outlet is communicated with a second low-pressure generator 11 high-pressure heat pump cycle working medium steam inlet and outlet, a first throttle valve 7, a condenser 12 heat pump cycle working medium steam inlet and steam condensate outlet, a third throttle valve 17, an evaporator 8 heat pump cycle working medium condensate inlet and cycle working medium steam outlet and an absorber 5 heat pump cycle working medium steam inlet in sequence through connecting pipes; the outlet of the first solution pump 4 is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the lithium bromide dilute solution of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3 through a connecting pipe and a second solution pump 15; the other path is communicated with a first flow regulating valve 18, a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 in sequence through connecting pipes; the lithium bromide dilute solution outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 is divided into two paths, and one path is sequentially communicated with the second flow regulating valve 19, the lithium bromide dilute solution inlet of the second low-pressure generator 11 and the concentrated solution outlet through connecting pipes; the other path is communicated with a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 through a connecting pipe; the outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, the third throttle valve 21 and the inlet of the absorber 5; a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 is sequentially communicated with a concentrated solution inlet and outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, a second throttling valve 16 and a lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet of the absorber 5 through connecting pipes; a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet of the second low-pressure generator 11 is communicated with a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet pipeline of the first low-pressure generator 10 and then communicated with a concentrated solution inlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9; a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet of the second low-pressure generator 11 is communicated with a heat pump circulating working medium steam inlet and a steam condensate outlet of the condenser 12 through a connecting pipe, and a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 is communicated with a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet pipeline of the second low-pressure generator 11 and then communicated with a circulating working medium steam inlet of the condenser 12; the cooling water inlet and the return water inlet of the heat supply network are communicated through a second reversing valve 32 and are led into the circulating water inlet of the absorber 5, the circulating water outlet of the absorber 5 is communicated with the circulating water inlet and outlet of the condenser 12, and the circulating water outlet of the condenser 12 is divided into two paths: one path is communicated with the heat load, and the other path is communicated with the sixth flow regulating valve 34; the refrigerant water inlet and the low-temperature water inlet are communicated through the first reversing valve 31 and are led into the low-temperature water inlet of the evaporator 8, and the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator 8 is divided into two paths: one path is communicated with the cooling load and the other path is communicated with the fifth flow regulating valve 33.
The power grid 30, the photovoltaic power generation 28, the wind power generation 27, the fuel cell 24 and the gas generator set 26 generate power to meet the electrical load, and the electrolytic cell device 22, the hydrogen storage equipment 23 and the fuel cell 24 are added to serve as a hydrogen energy storage system to meet the requirement of the hydrogen load; the compression heat pump 29 is used for supplying heat and cold, and Ca (OH) is used2the/CaO is used for supplying heat and supplementing heat for a thermochemical energy storage device 25 of the system.
The heating heat source of the high-pressure generator 2 is divided into two parts, wherein one part of the heating heat source is flue gas generated by the gas-fired power generator unit 26, and the other part of the heating heat source is high-temperature steam generated by the thermochemical heat storage equipment 25; the heating heat source of the first low-pressure generator 10 is derived from high-temperature hot water generated by the fuel cell 24.
A liquid remover 13 is arranged in the high-pressure generator 2 to separate and recover lithium bromide solution in steam, and a first flow regulating valve 6 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the ejector 1 to ensure the conservation of the amount of refrigerant steam in the system; the ejector 1 is introduced, high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by the thermochemical energy storage device 25 is used as working fluid to inject steam which is generated in the high-pressure generator 2 and subjected to gas-liquid separation through the liquid remover 13, the injected mixed steam enters the high-pressure generator 2 to serve as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump, the injected steam pipeline of the ejector 1 is provided with the fourth flow regulating valve 20, a bypass is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the ejector, the bypass is provided with the valve 14, and the adjustment and control can be carried out according to steam parameters, so that the absorption heat pump system can operate efficiently and safely within the wide load range of the unit.
5. The coupled absorption heat pump cascade waste heat distributed energy supply system of claim 1, wherein: a first reversing valve 31 and a second reversing valve 32 are respectively arranged on external water source pipelines of the evaporator 8 and the absorber 5, when the refrigeration working condition is met, a cooling water pipeline and a refrigerant water pipeline are communicated, a sixth flow regulating valve 34 is opened, and a fifth flow regulating valve 33 is closed; and in the heating working condition, the return water of the heat supply network and the low-temperature water pipeline are communicated, the sixth flow regulating valve 34 is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve 33 is opened.
The fuel cell (24) is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
According to the operation method of the coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system, the whole system meets the electric load through power grid 30, photovoltaic power generation 28, wind power generation 27 and gas turbine unit 26 power generation, a hydrogen energy storage system is added, electric energy is transmitted to the electrolytic cell device 22 for water electrolysis hydrogen production, and the produced hydrogen is transmitted to the hydrogen storage device 23 to meet the hydrogen load requirement and can also be transmitted to the fuel cell 24 for electric energy production; in terms of the cooling/heating load, heat and cooling are supplied by the compression heat pump 29, and Ca (OH)2CaO is supplied by a thermochemical energy storage device 25 of the system; for the absorption heat pump system, the lithium bromide dilute solution is divided into two paths after being boosted to low pressure generation pressure by the first solution pump 4: one path of the lithium bromide dilute solution enters the lithium bromide dilute solution inlet of the high-pressure generator 2 after being boosted by the second solution pump 15 and heated by the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the high-pressure generator 2 is heated by two high-temperature heat sources, one heat source is flue gas waste heat generated by the gas generator set 26, the other heat source is high-temperature steam generated by the thermochemical energy storage device 25, the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated to release the steam to form a lithium bromide concentrated solution, and then the lithium bromide concentrated solution enters the lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet of the absorber 5 after being cooled by the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3 and reduced in pressure by the fourth throttle valve 21 to form a heat pump cycle; the other path of lithium bromide dilute solution is heated by a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 and divided into two paths, one path of lithium bromide dilute solution enters a second low-pressure generator 11 through a third flow regulating valve 19, the other path of lithium bromide dilute solution directly enters a first low-pressure generator 10, a driving heat source of the first low-pressure generator 10 comes from high-temperature hot water generated by a fuel cell 24 in a hydrogen energy storage system, the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated to release steam to form a concentrated lithium bromide solution, and then the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters an absorber 5 for lithium bromide concentrated solution after being cooled by the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 and reduced in pressure by a second throttle valve 16; addition of a second low-pressure generator 11The heat source is steam formed by mixing part of injected high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam and unexjecting high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam, the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated by the high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam to release the circulating working medium steam to form a concentrated lithium bromide solution, and then the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters an absorber 5 lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet after being cooled by a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 and reduced in pressure by a second throttle valve 16 to form absorption heat pump circulation; the heat pump cycle working medium steam entering the condenser 12 has two flows: one is that after the high-pressure cycle working medium steam that is partly injected mixes with high-pressure cycle working medium steam that is not injected, carry on the heat release in the second low pressure generator 11, enter the steam inlet of cycle working medium of the condenser 12 after reducing pressure through the first choke valve 7; the other strand is that the heat pump circulating working medium steam generated by the second low pressure generator 11 and the first low pressure generator 10 is mixed and then enters a circulating working medium steam inlet of a condenser 12, and the heat generated in the condensation process is supplied to the outside through heat supply network water; the saturated cycle working medium water from the condenser 12 is decompressed by the third throttle valve 17, and the evaporator 8 absorbs heat to become saturated steam, and then enters the cycle working medium steam inlet of the absorber 5, and is absorbed by the concentrated lithium bromide solution in the absorber 5, and the heat released in the absorption process is supplied to the outside through heat supply network water; the lithium bromide concentrated solution is changed into a dilute lithium bromide solution after absorbing the heat pump cycle working medium steam, and a new cycle is started.
Compared with the traditional energy system, the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system with the coupling absorption heat pump for cascade utilization of the waste heat can realize the electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen quadruple supply for users, fully recycles the multi-source and multi-taste waste heat in the distributed energy system through the coupling absorption heat pump, realizes the cascade utilization of energy, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the whole system.
The invention has the following specific advantages:
1) the invention comprises a power grid, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, a fuel cell and a gas turbine unit for generating power to meet the electric load, meets the requirement of hydrogen load through a hydrogen energy storage system, and utilizes a compression heat pump and Ca (OH)2The CaO is the thermochemical energy storage of the system and the absorption heat pump supplies heat and cold, so that the whole system is cleanerThe method is efficient, and realizes the four-combined supply of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen for users.
2) The coupled absorption heat pump system can utilize waste heat of various heat sources to realize comprehensive cascade utilization of energy, and the reversing valves are arranged on the external water source pipelines of the absorber and the evaporator to realize the conversion of heating and refrigerating modes of the absorption heat pump system, thereby achieving the purpose of one machine for two purposes and increasing the load application range of the whole system.
3) The coupled absorption heat pump system introduces an ejector structure, utilizes the latent heat of steam to heat a high-pressure generator, improves the driving energy of a heat pump, can recover more steam waste heat, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system, is provided with a bypass between an inlet and an outlet of the ejector, can be adjusted and controlled according to steam parameters, and enables the heat pump system to operate efficiently and safely within a wide load range of a unit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a cascade waste heat utilization distributed energy supply system of a coupled absorption heat pump according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, a coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system comprises an ejector 1, a high-pressure generator 2, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, a first solution pump 4, an absorber 5, a first flow regulating valve 6, a first throttle valve 7, an evaporator 8, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, a first low-pressure generator 10, a second low-pressure generator 11, a condenser 12, a liquid remover 13, a valve 14, a second solution pump 15, a second throttle valve 16, a third throttle valve 17, a second flow regulating valve 18, a third flow regulating valve 19, a fourth flow regulating valve 20, a fourth throttle valve 21, an electrolysis bath device 22, a hydrogen storage device 23, a fuel cell 24, a thermochemical energy storage device 25, a gas generator set 26, a wind power generation 27, a photovoltaic power generation 28, a compression heat pump 29, a power grid 30, a first reversing valve 31, a second reversing valve 32, a fifth flow regulating valve 33 and a sixth flow regulating valve 34, the absorption heat pump system comprises an ejector 1, a high-pressure generator 2, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, a first solution pump 4, an absorber 5, a first flow regulating valve 6, a first throttling valve 7, an evaporator 8, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, a first low-pressure generator 10, a second low-pressure generator 11, a condenser 12, a liquid remover 13, a valve 14, a second solution pump 15, a second throttling valve 16, a third throttling valve 17, a second flow regulating valve 18, a third flow regulating valve 19, a fourth flow regulating valve 20, a fourth throttling valve 21, a first reversing valve 31, a second reversing valve 32, a fifth flow regulating valve 33 and a sixth flow regulating valve 34;
the gas generator set 26, the wind power generation 27, the photovoltaic power generation 28 and the power grid 30 are respectively connected with an electric load through electric wires, and lead out electric wires which are respectively communicated with an inlet of a compression heat pump 29 and an inlet of the electrolytic bath device 22; the compression heat pump 29 is respectively communicated with a cold load and a heat load through connecting pipes; the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell device 22 is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen storage device 23 through a connecting pipe, the outlet of the hydrogen storage device 23 is respectively communicated with the inlet of the fuel cell 24 and the hydrogen load inlet through connecting pipes, wherein a wire is led out from the fuel cell 24 and is communicated with an electric load, the high-temperature water outlet of the fuel cell 24 is communicated with the driving heat source inlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 through a connecting pipe, and the driving heat source outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 is communicated with the high-temperature water inlet of the fuel cell 24 through a connecting pipe; the flue gas outlet of the gas generator set 26 is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the thermochemical energy storage equipment 25 and a thermal load in sequence through a connecting pipe; the other path is communicated with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 through a connecting pipe; the high-temperature steam outlet of the thermochemical energy storage device 25 is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the working fluid inlet of the ejector 1 through a connecting pipe; the other path is communicated with an inlet of a valve 14 through a connecting pipe, and an outlet of the ejector 1 and an outlet of the valve 14 are communicated with a high-temperature steam inlet and an outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 through connecting pipes; a lithium bromide dilute solution outlet of the absorber 5 is sequentially communicated with a first solution pump 4, a second solution pump 15, a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and outlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 through connecting pipes; the high-pressure generator 2 heat pump cycle working medium steam outlet is communicated with a second low-pressure generator 11 high-pressure heat pump cycle working medium steam inlet and outlet, a first throttle valve 7, a condenser 12 heat pump cycle working medium steam inlet and steam condensate outlet, a third throttle valve 17, an evaporator 8 heat pump cycle working medium condensate inlet and cycle working medium steam outlet and an absorber 5 heat pump cycle working medium steam inlet in sequence through connecting pipes; the outlet of the first solution pump 4 is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the lithium bromide dilute solution of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3 through a connecting pipe and a second solution pump 15; the other path is communicated with a first flow regulating valve 18, a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 in sequence through connecting pipes; the lithium bromide dilute solution outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 is divided into two paths, and one path is sequentially communicated with the second flow regulating valve 19, the lithium bromide dilute solution inlet of the second low-pressure generator 11 and the concentrated solution outlet through connecting pipes; the other path is communicated with a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 through a connecting pipe; the outlet of the high-pressure generator 2 is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, the third throttle valve 21 and the inlet of the absorber 5; a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 is sequentially communicated with a concentrated solution inlet and outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, a second throttling valve 16 and a lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet of the absorber 5 through connecting pipes; a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet of the second low-pressure generator 11 is communicated with a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet pipeline of the first low-pressure generator 10 and then communicated with a concentrated solution inlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9; a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet of the second low-pressure generator 11 is communicated with a heat pump circulating working medium steam inlet and a steam condensate outlet of the condenser 12 through a connecting pipe, and a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet of the first low-pressure generator 10 is communicated with a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet pipeline of the second low-pressure generator 11 and then communicated with a circulating working medium steam inlet of the condenser 12; the cooling water inlet and the return water inlet of the heat supply network are communicated through a second reversing valve 32 and are led into the circulating water inlet of the absorber 5, the circulating water outlet of the absorber 5 is communicated with the circulating water inlet and outlet of the condenser 12, and the circulating water outlet of the condenser 12 is divided into two paths: one path is communicated with the heat load, and the other path is communicated with the sixth flow regulating valve 34; the refrigerant water inlet and the low-temperature water inlet are communicated through the first reversing valve 31 and are led into the low-temperature water inlet of the evaporator 8, and the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator 8 is divided into two paths: one path is communicated with the cooling load and the other path is communicated with the fifth flow regulating valve 33.
The working principle of the system is as follows: the whole system meets the electric load by generating electricity through a power grid 30, a photovoltaic power generation 28, a wind power generation 27 and a gas turbine unit 26, a hydrogen energy storage system is added, electric energy is transmitted to an electrolytic cell device 22 to electrolyze water to prepare hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen is transmitted to a hydrogen storage device 23 to meet the hydrogen load requirement and can also be transmitted to a fuel cell 24 to generate electric energy; in terms of the cooling/heating load, heat and cooling are supplied by the compression heat pump 29, and Ca (OH)2CaO is supplied by a thermochemical energy storage device 25 of the system; for the absorption heat pump system, the lithium bromide dilute solution is divided into two paths after being boosted to low pressure generation pressure by the first solution pump 4: one path of the lithium bromide dilute solution enters the lithium bromide dilute solution inlet of the high-pressure generator 2 after being boosted by the second solution pump 15 and heated by the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the high-pressure generator 2 is heated by two high-temperature heat sources, one heat source is flue gas waste heat generated by the gas generator set 26, the other heat source is high-temperature steam generated by the thermochemical energy storage device 25, the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated to release the steam to form a lithium bromide concentrated solution, and then the lithium bromide concentrated solution enters the lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet of the absorber 5 after being cooled by the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 3 and reduced in pressure by the fourth throttle valve 21 to form a heat pump cycle; the other path of lithium bromide dilute solution is heated by a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 and divided into two paths, one path of lithium bromide dilute solution enters a second low-pressure generator 11 through a third flow regulating valve 19, the other path of lithium bromide dilute solution directly enters a first low-pressure generator 10, a driving heat source of the first low-pressure generator 10 comes from high-temperature hot water generated by a fuel cell 24 in a hydrogen energy storage system, the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated to release steam to form a concentrated lithium bromide solution, and then the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters an absorber 5 for lithium bromide concentrated solution after being cooled by the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 and reduced in pressure by a second throttle valve 16; the heating heat source of the second low-pressure generator 11 is steam formed by mixing part of the injected high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam and the unexjecting high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam, and the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated and released by the steamDischarging circulating working medium steam to form a concentrated lithium bromide solution, cooling by a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, reducing the pressure by a second throttle valve 16, and then entering an absorber 5 lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet to form absorption heat pump circulation; the heat pump cycle working medium steam entering the condenser 12 has two flows: one is that after the high-pressure cycle working medium steam that is partly injected mixes with high-pressure cycle working medium steam that is not injected, carry on the heat release in the second low pressure generator 11, enter the steam inlet of cycle working medium of the condenser 12 after reducing pressure through the first choke valve 7; the other strand is that the heat pump circulating working medium steam generated by the second low pressure generator 11 and the first low pressure generator 10 is mixed and then enters a circulating working medium steam inlet of a condenser 12, and the heat generated in the condensation process is supplied to the outside through heat supply network water; the saturated cycle working medium water from the condenser 12 is decompressed by the third throttle valve 17, and the evaporator 8 absorbs heat to become saturated steam, and then enters the cycle working medium steam inlet of the absorber 5, and is absorbed by the concentrated lithium bromide solution in the absorber 5, and the heat released in the absorption process is supplied to the outside through heat supply network water; the lithium bromide concentrated solution is changed into a dilute lithium bromide solution after absorbing the heat pump cycle working medium steam, and a new cycle is started.
A fourth flow regulating valve 20 is arranged on an injected steam pipeline of the injector 1, a bypass is arranged between an inlet and an outlet of the injector, and a valve 14 is arranged, so that the regulation and control can be carried out according to steam parameters, and the heat pump system can efficiently and safely operate in a wide load range of a unit; the first reversing valve 31 and the second reversing valve 32 are respectively arranged on the external water source pipelines of the absorber 5 and the evaporator 8, so that the heating and refrigerating mode conversion of the absorption heat pump system can be realized.
Considering that the steam generated by the high pressure generator 2 may carry some droplets of the lithium bromide solution, in order to reduce the loss of the lithium bromide solution and ensure the normal operation of the ejector, a liquid remover 13 is provided in the generator 2 to separate and recover the lithium bromide solution in the steam.
The invention provides a coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system, which meets the electrical load through power grid, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and gas generator set power generation, is additionally provided with a hydrogen energy storage system and can meet the hydrogen load requirement, wherein the coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distributed energy supply system is characterized in thatThe fuel cell not only plays a role in peak clipping and valley filling for the electric load, but also can send high-temperature hot water generated by reaction to the absorption heat pump to be used as a driving heat source, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling waste heat. In the aspect of cold and heat load, heat and cold are supplied not only by a compression heat pump, but also by Ca (OH)2CaO is used as a thermochemical energy storage device of the system to supply heat, the system is also coupled with an absorption heat pump system, the smoke waste heat generated by a gas generator set is used as a driving heat source of a high-pressure generator in a high-temperature heat source part, high-temperature steam generated by thermochemical heat storage equipment is used as working fluid of an ejector to inject circulating heat pump working medium steam generated by the high-pressure generator to form medium-pressure steam, the medium-pressure steam is used as a driving heat source of a heat pump to enter the high-pressure generator, the latent heat of the steam is used for heating the high-pressure generator, a switching bypass is arranged at the ejector, and the adjustment and control can be carried out according to steam parameters, so that the absorption heat pump system can efficiently and safely operate in a wide load range of the unit; in the low-pressure generator, high-temperature hot water generated by a fuel cell in a hydrogen energy storage system is used as a heat source for driving, so that the absorption heat pump system is driven by multiple heat sources in a combined manner, and the cascade utilization of multi-source waste heat is realized; the reversing valves are arranged on the external water source pipelines of the absorber and the evaporator, so that the heating and refrigerating mode conversion of the absorption heat pump system can be realized, and the efficiency of the whole distributed energy system is improved.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a coupling absorption heat pump cascade utilization waste heat distribution type energy supply system which characterized in that: the device comprises an ejector (1), a high-pressure generator (2), a high-temperature solution heat exchanger (3), a first solution pump (4), an absorber (5), a first flow regulating valve (6), a first throttling valve (7), an evaporator (8), a low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9), a first low-pressure generator (10), a second low-pressure generator (11), a condenser (12), a liquid remover (13), a valve (14), a second solution pump (15), a second throttling valve (16), a third throttling valve (17), a second flow regulating valve (18), a third flow regulating valve (19), a fourth flow regulating valve (20), a fourth throttling valve (21), an electrolytic cell device (22), a hydrogen storage device (23), a fuel cell (24), a thermochemical energy storage device (25), a gas generator set (26), a wind power generation (27), a photovoltaic power generation (28), a compression heat pump (29), The device comprises a power grid (30), a first reversing valve (31), a second reversing valve (32), a fifth flow regulating valve (33) and a sixth flow regulating valve (34), wherein the ejector (1), a high-pressure generator (2), a high-temperature solution heat exchanger (3), a first solution pump (4), an absorber (5), a first flow regulating valve (6), a first throttle valve (7), an evaporator (8), a low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9), a first low-pressure generator (10), a second low-pressure generator (11), a condenser (12), a liquid remover (13), a valve (14), a second solution pump (15), a second throttle valve (16), a third throttle valve (17), a second flow regulating valve (18), a third flow regulating valve (19), a fourth flow regulating valve (20), a fourth throttle valve (21), a first reversing valve (31), a second reversing valve (32), The fifth flow regulating valve (33) and the sixth flow regulating valve (34) form an absorption heat pump system;
the gas generator set (26), the wind power generation (27), the photovoltaic power generation (28) and the power grid (30) are respectively connected with an electric load through electric wires, and lead-out electric wires are respectively communicated with an inlet of the compression heat pump (29) and an inlet of the electrolytic bath device (22); the compression heat pump (29) is respectively communicated with a cold load and a heat load through connecting pipes; the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell device (22) is communicated with the inlet of a hydrogen storage device (23) through a connecting pipe, the outlet of the hydrogen storage device (23) is respectively communicated with the inlet of a fuel cell (24) and a hydrogen load inlet through connecting pipes, wherein a wire is led out from the fuel cell (24) and is communicated with an electric load, the high-temperature water outlet of the fuel cell (24) is communicated with the driving heat source inlet of a first low-pressure generator (10) through a connecting pipe, and the driving heat source outlet of the first low-pressure generator (10) is communicated with the high-temperature water inlet of the fuel cell (24) through a connecting pipe; the smoke outlet of the gas generator set (26) is divided into two paths, and one path is sequentially communicated with the smoke inlet and the heat load of the thermochemical energy storage equipment (25) through a connecting pipe; the other path is communicated with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet of the high-pressure generator (2) through a connecting pipe; the high-temperature steam outlet of the thermochemical energy storage device (25) is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the working fluid inlet of the ejector (1) through a connecting pipe; the other path is communicated with the inlet of a valve (14) through a connecting pipe, and the outlet of the ejector (1) and the outlet of the valve (14) are communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature steam of the high-pressure generator (2) through the connecting pipe; the outlet of the lithium bromide dilute solution of the absorber (5) is sequentially communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the lithium bromide dilute solution of the first solution pump (4), the second solution pump (15), the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (3) and the inlet and the outlet of the lithium bromide dilute solution of the high-pressure generator (2) through connecting pipes; a heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet of the high-pressure generator (2) is sequentially communicated with a high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam inlet and outlet of a second low-pressure generator (11), a first throttle valve (7), a condenser (12), a heat pump circulating working medium steam inlet and steam condensate outlet, a third throttle valve (17), an evaporator (8), a heat pump circulating working medium condensate inlet and circulating working medium steam outlet and a heat pump circulating working medium steam inlet of an absorber (5) through connecting pipes; the outlet of the first solution pump (4) is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the second solution pump (15) and the lithium bromide dilute solution of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (3) through connecting pipes; the other path is communicated with a first flow regulating valve (18) and a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9) in sequence through connecting pipes; the lithium bromide dilute solution outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9) is divided into two paths, and one path is communicated with the second flow regulating valve (19), the lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and the concentrated solution outlet of the second low-pressure generator (11) in sequence through connecting pipes; the other path is communicated with a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet and a concentrated solution outlet of the first low-pressure generator (10) through a connecting pipe; the outlet of the high-pressure generator (2) is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (3) lithium bromide concentrated solution, the third throttle valve (21) and the absorber (5) lithium bromide concentrated solution in sequence through connecting pipes; a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet of the first low-pressure generator (10) is sequentially communicated with a concentrated solution inlet and outlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9), a second throttling valve (16) and a lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet of the absorber (5) through connecting pipes; a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet of the second low-pressure generator (11) is communicated with a lithium bromide concentrated solution outlet pipeline of the first low-pressure generator (10) and then communicated with a concentrated solution inlet of the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9); a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet of the second low-pressure generator (11) is communicated with a heat pump circulating working medium steam inlet and a steam condensate outlet of the condenser (12) through a connecting pipe, and a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet of the first low-pressure generator (10) is communicated with a low-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam outlet pipeline of the second low-pressure generator (11) and then communicated with a circulating working medium steam inlet of the condenser (12); the cooling water inlet and the return water inlet of the heat supply network are communicated through a second reversing valve (32) and introduced into a circulating water inlet of the absorber (5), a circulating water outlet of the absorber (5) is communicated with a circulating water inlet and outlet of the condenser (12), and a circulating water outlet of the condenser (12) is divided into two paths: one path is communicated with the heat load, and the other path is communicated with a sixth flow regulating valve (34); the refrigerant water inlet and the low-temperature water inlet are communicated through a first reversing valve (31) and are led into the low-temperature water inlet of the evaporator (8), and the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator (8) is divided into two paths: one path is communicated with the cold load, and the other path is communicated with a fifth flow regulating valve (33).
2. The coupled absorption heat pump cascade waste heat distributed energy supply system of claim 1, wherein: the power generation of a power grid (30), a photovoltaic power generation (28), a wind power generation (27), a fuel cell (24) and a gas generator set (26) is performed to meet the electric load, and an electrolytic cell device (22), a hydrogen storage device (23) and the fuel cell (24) are added to serve as a hydrogen energy storage system, so that the hydrogen load requirement can be met; the compression heat pump (29) is used for supplying heat and cold, and Ca (OH) is used2the/CaO is used for supplying heat and supplementing heat for a thermochemical energy storage device (25) of the system.
3. The coupled absorption heat pump cascade waste heat distributed energy supply system of claim 1, wherein: the heating heat source of the high-pressure generator (2) is divided into two parts, wherein one part of the heating heat source is flue gas generated by a gas generator set (26), and the other part of the heating heat source is high-temperature steam generated by thermochemical heat storage equipment (25); the heating heat source of the first low-pressure generator (10) is high-temperature hot water generated by a fuel cell (24).
4. The coupled absorption heat pump cascade waste heat distributed energy supply system of claim 1, wherein: a liquid remover (13) is arranged in the high-pressure generator (2) to separate and recover lithium bromide solution in steam, and a first flow regulating valve (6) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the ejector (1) to ensure the conservation of the amount of refrigerant steam in the system; the method is characterized in that an ejector (1) is introduced, high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by thermochemical energy storage equipment (25) is used as working fluid to eject steam generated in a high-pressure generator (2) and subjected to gas-liquid separation through a liquid remover (13), the ejected steam is mixed with the ejected steam and then enters the high-pressure generator (2) to serve as a driving heat source of a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, a fourth flow regulating valve (20) is installed on an ejected steam pipeline of the ejector (1), a bypass is arranged between an inlet and an outlet of the ejector and a valve (14) is installed, and the adjustment and control can be carried out according to steam parameters, so that the absorption heat pump system can efficiently and safely operate in a wide load range of a unit.
5. The coupled absorption heat pump cascade waste heat distributed energy supply system of claim 1, wherein: a first reversing valve (31) and a second reversing valve (32) are respectively arranged on external water source pipelines of the evaporator (8) and the absorber (5), when in a refrigeration working condition, a cooling water pipeline and a refrigerant water pipeline are communicated, a sixth flow regulating valve (34) is opened, and a fifth flow regulating valve (33) is closed; and in the heating working condition, the return water of the heat supply network is communicated with the low-temperature water pipeline, the sixth flow regulating valve (34) is closed, and the fifth flow regulating valve (33) is opened.
6. The coupled absorption heat pump cascade waste heat distributed energy supply system of claim 1, wherein: the fuel cell (24) is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
7. The method of operating a coupled absorption heat pump cascade waste heat distributed power system of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein: in the whole system, an electric load is met by generating electricity through an electric network (30), a photovoltaic power generation (28), a wind power generation (27) and a gas turbine unit (26), a hydrogen energy storage system is additionally arranged, electric energy is transmitted to an electrolytic cell device (22) to electrolyze water to prepare hydrogen, the generated hydrogen is transmitted to a hydrogen storage device (23) to meet the requirement of the hydrogen load and can be transmitted to a fuel cell (24) to generate electric energy, and in the aspect of cold and heat load, a compression heat pump (29) is used for supplying heat and cold and Ca (OH)2Heat of CaO systemThe chemical energy storage equipment (25) supplies heat for supplement; for an absorption heat pump system, a lithium bromide dilute solution is boosted to low pressure through a first solution pump (4) and then divided into two paths: one path of the lithium bromide dilute solution enters a lithium bromide dilute solution inlet of a high-pressure generator (2) after being boosted by a second solution pump (15) and heated by a high-temperature solution heat exchanger (3), one path of the lithium bromide dilute solution in the high-pressure generator (2) is heated by two paths of high-temperature heat sources, one path of the lithium bromide dilute solution is flue gas waste heat generated by a gas generator set (26), the other path of the lithium bromide dilute solution is high-temperature steam generated by thermochemical energy storage equipment (25), the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated to release the steam to form a lithium bromide concentrated solution, the lithium bromide concentrated solution is cooled by the high-temperature solution heat exchanger (3) and subjected to pressure reduction by a fourth throttle valve (21) and then enters a lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet of an absorber (5) to form heat pump circulation, the other path of the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated by a low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9) and divided into two paths, one path of the lithium bromide dilute solution enters a second low-pressure generator (11) through a third flow regulating valve (19), and the other path of the lithium bromide dilute solution directly enters a first low-pressure generator (10), a driving heat source of the first low-pressure generator (10) is high-temperature hot water generated by a fuel cell (24) in a hydrogen energy storage system, a dilute lithium bromide solution is heated to release steam to form a concentrated lithium bromide solution, and then the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters an absorber (5) to be a concentrated lithium bromide solution inlet after being cooled by a low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9) and depressurized by a second throttling valve (16); the heating heat source of the second low-pressure generator (11) is steam formed by mixing part of injected high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam and unexjecting high-pressure heat pump circulating working medium steam, the lithium bromide dilute solution is heated by the steam to release the circulating working medium steam to form concentrated lithium bromide solution, and then the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters the lithium bromide concentrated solution inlet of the absorber (5) after being cooled by the low-temperature solution heat exchanger (9) and reduced in pressure by the second throttle valve (16) to form absorption heat pump circulation; the heat pump cycle working medium steam entering the condenser (12) has two paths: one strand of the mixed steam is formed by mixing part of injected high-pressure circulating working medium steam with unexjecting high-pressure circulating working medium steam, releasing heat in a second low-pressure generator (11), reducing the pressure through a first throttle valve (7), and then entering a circulating working medium steam inlet of a condenser (12); the other branch is a heat pump circulating working medium steam generated by a second low-pressure generator (11) and a first low-pressure generator (10) is mixed and then enters a circulating working medium steam inlet of a condenser (12), and the heat pump circulating working medium steam is generated in the condensing processThe heat is supplied to the outside through the heat supply network water; saturated cycle working medium water from the condenser (12) is subjected to pressure reduction through a third throttle valve (17), heat absorption is carried out by the evaporator (8) to be changed into saturated steam, then the saturated cycle working medium water enters the cycle working medium steam inlet of the absorber (5), the saturated cycle working medium water is absorbed by concentrated lithium bromide solution in the absorber (5), and heat released in the absorption process is supplied outwards through heat supply network water; the lithium bromide concentrated solution is changed into a dilute lithium bromide solution after absorbing the heat pump cycle working medium steam, and a new cycle is started.
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