CN114483209A - Shaft end gland sealing structure of steam turbine - Google Patents
Shaft end gland sealing structure of steam turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114483209A CN114483209A CN202111610597.8A CN202111610597A CN114483209A CN 114483209 A CN114483209 A CN 114483209A CN 202111610597 A CN202111610597 A CN 202111610597A CN 114483209 A CN114483209 A CN 114483209A
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- Prior art keywords
- steam
- carrier
- steam seal
- shaft end
- steam turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
- F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shaft end steam seal body sealing structure of a steam turbine, which comprises a steam seal block, wherein an annular steam seal groove facing a rotor is arranged in the steam seal block, the annular steam seal groove comprises an outlet section and an accommodating section, and the width of the outlet section is smaller than that of the accommodating section; the carrier is arranged in the annular steam seal groove, and the maximum width of the carrier is greater than that of the outlet section; the fixing frame is arranged in the annular steam seal groove and is fixedly connected with the top of the annular steam seal groove; the fixed rod is provided with a baffle plate, and one end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the fixed frame; one end of the elastic piece is connected with the baffle, and the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the carrier; one end of the suspension tooth is arranged at the bottom of the carrier, and the other end of the suspension tooth protrudes to the rotor to be matched with the rotor for steam sealing. By adopting the steam turbine shaft end steam seal body sealing structure, the steam leakage amount can be reduced, the abrasion of the steam seal body sealing teeth can be reduced, and the integral sealing effect of the steam turbine shaft end can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shaft end gland sealing structure of a steam turbine, and belongs to the technical field of steam seals of steam turbines.
Background
The steam turbine rotor passes through the cylinder, and a gap exists between the moving part and the static part, and steam leaks out even enters the bearing box due to pressure difference between the inside and the outside, so that water enters lubricating oil or outside air leaks into the bearing box to break vacuum, and steam leakage loss is generated to influence the efficiency of the unit. In order to better solve the leakage phenomenon, a sealing device is arranged at the shaft end of the steam turbine, and the traditional shaft end steam seal sealing type mainly comprises a labyrinth type steam seal, a honeycomb type steam seal, a brush type flexible tooth steam seal and the like.
The existing traditional sealing device has large leakage amount and easy abrasion on the surface of a rotor due to the structure, the material and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a steam turbine shaft end steam seal body sealing structure, which can reduce the steam leakage, reduce the abrasion of the steam seal body sealing teeth and improve the integral sealing effect of the steam turbine shaft end.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a shaft end steam seal body sealing structure of a steam turbine comprises a steam seal block, wherein an annular steam seal groove facing a rotor is arranged in the steam seal block, the annular steam seal groove comprises an outlet section and an accommodating section, and the width of the outlet section is smaller than that of the accommodating section;
the carrier is arranged in the annular steam seal groove, and the maximum width of the carrier is greater than that of the outlet section;
the fixing frame is arranged in the annular steam seal groove and is fixedly connected with the top of the annular steam seal groove;
the fixed rod is provided with a baffle plate, and one end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the fixed frame;
one end of the elastic piece is connected with the baffle, and the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the carrier;
and one end of the suspension tooth is arranged at the bottom of the carrier, and the other end of the suspension tooth protrudes to the rotor to be matched with the rotor for steam sealing.
The steam seal structure is added in the steam seal block under the condition that steam seal teeth are embedded in the steam seal block of the existing steam seal body and matched with a rotor for steam seal, the suspension teeth in the steam seal structure push the carrier to slide upwards when stressed, and further push the elastic part, and the elastic part is compressed to form reaction force due to the fact that the baffle is fixed, so that steam seal between the suspension teeth and the rotor is guaranteed. In the invention, because the suspension teeth can freely retreat when stressed, zero-clearance sealing is realized to a certain extent, steam leakage is prevented, and the integral sealing performance is enhanced.
Preferably, the carrier includes a first sliding end matching the width of the receiving section and a second sliding end matching the width of the outlet section.
In the scheme, the width of the first sliding end is matched with that of the accommodating section, so that the first sliding end is limited in the accommodating section to slide up and down; the width of second slip end and export section matches, makes the restriction of second slip end slide in export section, guarantees structural stability.
Preferably, the carrier is provided with two side walls, and the two side walls are symmetrically provided with the spring pieces; the fixed frame is symmetrically provided with supporting plates which incline to two sides, and the supporting plates are in elastic contact with the spring pieces.
In the scheme, when the suspension teeth are stressed, the spring pieces on two sides of the carrier push the supporting plate, the supporting plate is fixed, the reaction force from the supporting plate pushes the spring pieces, the reaction force has an inclination angle and is decomposed into reaction forces in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the reaction force in the vertical direction further ensures the steam seal of the suspension teeth and the rotor, and the reaction force in the horizontal direction ensures that the carrier is more stable and avoids shaking left and right when stressed; wherein the symmetrical arrangement ensures a balance of forces.
Preferably, both ends of the spring piece are fixedly connected with the side walls, so that the spring piece forms an arc shape.
Preferably, the side wall is provided with a groove, and the spring piece is fixed in the groove through welding or bolt connection.
Preferably, the suspension teeth are T-shaped, a T-shaped groove matched with the suspension teeth is formed in the bottom of the carrier, and the suspension teeth are assembled in the T-shaped groove.
In the above scheme, the T-shaped suspension teeth are arranged at the bottom of the carrier in the T-shaped groove, so that the suspension teeth cannot slide off, and the carrier and the suspension teeth are separately designed, so that the suspension device is simple and convenient to install and reduces the maintenance cost.
Preferably, the fixing rods and the elastic pieces are uniformly arranged in plurality along the circumferential direction.
In the scheme, the plurality of suspension teeth are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, so that the force applied to the suspension teeth in the circumferential direction is more balanced.
Preferably, the elastic member is fixedly connected with the baffle plate by welding.
Preferably, the fixing rod comprises a connecting rod and a guide rod which are positioned at two ends of the baffle, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the fixing frame, and the elastic piece is sleeved outside the guide rod.
In the scheme, the fixed rod is fixed through the connecting rod, and the elastic part is guided and positioned through the guide rod, so that the spring is prevented from deviating; the guide bar is not in contact with the carrier and has a compression distance.
Preferably, the carrier comprises a plurality of arc sections along the circumferential direction, and an expansion gap is arranged between every two adjacent arc sections; the suspension tooth includes a plurality of segmental arcs that match with the carrier along circumference, sets up the inflation clearance between two adjacent segmental arcs.
In the above scheme, the carrier and the suspension teeth are of a sectional structure, a plurality of arc sections can be arranged according to the diameter of the rotor, the installation is convenient, and the expansion gap is arranged to ensure the safe and stable operation of the rotor after the rotor is heated and expanded.
Preferably, the annular steam seal groove is arranged in the middle of the steam seal block, and the bottom of the steam seal block is provided with steam seal teeth positioned on two sides of the suspension teeth.
In the scheme, the steam seal teeth of the steam seal block and the rotor perform primary steam seal, and the suspension teeth can form a composite steam seal by matching with the composite steam seal, so that the inherent defects of a single steam seal type can be overcome, the steam leakage is better blocked and reduced, and the sealing performance is improved.
Preferably, the elastic member is a cylindrical compression spring.
According to the shaft end gland sealing structure of the steam turbine, preliminary gland sealing is carried out on a gland sealing tooth and a rotor, and a composite gland seal is formed by matching with a suspension tooth; the sealing structure can be arranged in multiple stages according to the actual structure type of the steam turbine set and the inside of the shaft end steam seal body, and is not limited to be arranged in one stage.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the steam turbine unit performs primary steam sealing with the rotor through the steam sealing teeth, and the suspension teeth are in contact sealing to form a composite steam seal, so that the inherent defect of a single steam seal type is overcome, the steam leakage can be better blocked and reduced, and the sealing performance is improved;
2. the suspension teeth belong to contact sealing teeth, and can freely give way when being stressed, so that zero-clearance sealing is realized to a certain extent, steam leakage of a steam seal is prevented, and the overall sealing performance is enhanced;
3. the spring pieces on the two sides of the carrier push the supporting plates on the two sides of the fixing frame, so that the reaction force of the supporting plates pushes the spring pieces, the steam sealing of the suspension teeth is ensured in the vertical direction of the reaction force, and the carrier is ensured to be more stable and avoid swinging left and right when stressed in the horizontal direction;
4. the elastic piece is convenient to replace;
5. the T-shaped groove is matched with the T-shaped suspension teeth, so that the suspension teeth cannot slide off, the suspension teeth are safer, the carrier and the suspension teeth are separately designed, the installation is simple and convenient, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a seal structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gland groove of a gland block;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vector;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fixation rod;
fig. 5 is an overall schematic view of the seal structure.
The labels in the figure are: 1-steam seal block, 2-fixed rod, 3-elastic piece, 4-carrier, 5-suspension tooth, 6-fixed frame, 7-spring piece, 8-rotor, 9-steam seal body, 11-steam seal groove, 12-steam seal tooth, 21-baffle, 22-connecting rod, 23-guide rod, 41-first sliding end, 42-second sliding end, 43-groove, 44-T-groove and 61-support plate.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, in the steam turbine shaft end gland casing sealing structure of the present embodiment, a plurality of gland blocks 1 are arranged between a gland casing 9 and a rotor 8, wherein,
an annular steam seal groove 11 facing the rotor 8 is arranged in the steam seal block 1, the annular steam seal groove 11 comprises an outlet section and an accommodating section, the width of the outlet section is smaller than that of the accommodating section, and steam seal teeth 12 positioned on two sides of the suspension teeth 5 are arranged at the bottom of the steam seal block 1;
the carrier 4 is arranged in the annular steam seal groove 11, the carrier 4 comprises a first sliding end 41 and a second sliding end 42, the first sliding end 41 is matched with the width of the accommodating section, and the second sliding end 42 is matched with the width of the outlet section; a T-shaped groove 44 is arranged at the bottom of the carrier 4;
the fixing frame 6 is arranged in the annular steam seal groove 11 and is fixedly connected with the top of the annular steam seal groove 11;
the fixing rod 2 is provided with a baffle plate 21, the fixing rod 2 comprises a connecting rod 22 and a guide rod 23 which are positioned at two ends of the baffle plate 21, the connecting rod 22 is connected with the fixing frame 6, and the guide rod 23 faces the carrier 4;
the elastic part 3 is a cylindrical compression spring, one end of the elastic part 3 is sleeved outside the guide rod 23 and is connected with the baffle 21, and the other end of the elastic part is connected with the carrier 4;
the suspension teeth 5 are T-shaped, one end of the suspension teeth 5 is arranged in the T-shaped groove 44, and the other end of the suspension teeth 5 protrudes out of the rotor 8 to be matched with the rotor 8 for steam sealing.
In the embodiment, under the condition that the steam seal teeth 12 are embedded in the steam seal block 1 of the existing steam seal body 9 and matched with the rotor 8 for steam seal, the structure of the invention is added in the steam seal block 1, the suspension teeth 5 in the structure of the invention push the carrier 4 to slide upwards when stressed, and further push the elastic part 3, and because the baffle 21 is fixed, the elastic part 3 is compressed to form a reaction force, so that the steam seal between the suspension teeth 5 and the rotor 8 is ensured. In the invention, because the suspension teeth 5 can freely give way when being stressed, zero-clearance sealing is realized to a certain extent, steam leakage is prevented, and the integral sealing performance is enhanced.
Example 2
In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the carrier 4 is further limited to have two side walls, and the spring pieces 7 are symmetrically arranged on the two side walls; the fixed frame 6 is symmetrically provided with supporting plates 61 inclined towards two sides, and the supporting plates 61 are in elastic contact with the spring pieces 7; therefore, when the suspension teeth 5 are stressed, the spring pieces 7 on two sides of the carrier 4 push the supporting plate 61, the supporting plate 61 is fixed, the reaction force from the supporting plate 61 pushes the spring pieces 7, the reaction force has an inclination angle and is decomposed into reaction forces in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the reaction force in the vertical direction further ensures the steam seal of the suspension teeth 5 and the rotor 8, and the reaction force in the horizontal direction ensures that the carrier 4 is more stable and avoids shaking left and right when stressed;
the connecting rod 22 and the fixing frame 6 are welded into a whole; the side wall of the carrier 4 is provided with a groove 43, and two ends of the spring piece 7 are fixed in the groove 43 through welding or bolt connection, so that the spring piece 7 forms an arc shape.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, in other embodiments, the fixing rod 2 and the elastic element 3 are uniformly arranged in plurality along the circumferential direction, so as to ensure that the force applied to the floating teeth 5 in the circumferential direction is more balanced.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, in other embodiments, the elastic member 3 and the baffle 21 are fixedly connected by welding.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, in other embodiments, the carrier 4 includes a plurality of arc segments along the circumferential direction, and an expansion gap is provided between two adjacent arc segments; the suspension teeth 5 comprise a plurality of arc sections matched with the carrier 4 along the circumferential direction, and an expansion gap is arranged between every two adjacent arc sections.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, in other embodiments, the annular steam seal groove 11 is disposed in the middle of the steam seal block 1.
In conclusion, by adopting the steam seal body sealing structure at the steam turbine shaft end, preliminary steam seal is carried out on the steam seal teeth and the rotor, and the suspension teeth are matched to form a composite steam seal, so that the steam leakage amount can be reduced, the abrasion of the steam seal body sealing teeth can be reduced, and the overall sealing effect of the steam turbine shaft end can be improved.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a steam turbine axle head gland casing seal structure which characterized in that: the steam seal device comprises a steam seal block (1), wherein an annular steam seal groove (11) facing a rotor (8) is formed in the steam seal block, the annular steam seal groove (11) comprises an outlet section and an accommodating section, and the width of the outlet section is smaller than that of the accommodating section;
the carrier (4) is arranged in the annular steam seal groove (11), and the maximum width of the carrier (4) is greater than that of the outlet section;
the fixing frame (6) is arranged in the annular steam seal groove (11) and is fixedly connected with the top of the annular steam seal groove (11);
the fixing rod (2) is provided with a baffle (21), and one end of the fixing rod (2) is fixedly connected with the fixing frame (6);
one end of the elastic piece (3) is connected with the baffle (21), and the other end is connected with the carrier (4);
and one end of the suspension tooth (5) is arranged at the bottom of the carrier (4), and the other end of the suspension tooth protrudes to the rotor (8) to be matched with the rotor (8) for steam sealing.
2. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the carrier (4) comprises a first sliding end (41) and a second sliding end (42), the first sliding end (41) matching the width of the receiving section and the second sliding end (42) matching the width of the outlet section.
3. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the carrier (4) is provided with two side walls, and the two side walls are symmetrically provided with spring pieces (7); the fixing frame (6) is symmetrically provided with supporting plates (61) inclined towards two sides, and the supporting plates (61) are in elastic contact with the spring pieces (7).
4. A steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure according to claim 3, wherein: the two ends of the spring piece (7) are fixedly connected with the side walls, so that the spring piece (7) forms an arc shape.
5. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 4, wherein: the side wall is provided with a groove (43), and the spring piece (7) is fixed in the groove (43) through welding or bolt connection.
6. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the suspension teeth (5) are T-shaped, T-shaped grooves (44) matched with the suspension teeth are formed in the bottom of the carrier (4), and the suspension teeth (5) are assembled in the T-shaped grooves (44).
7. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the fixing rod (2) and the elastic piece (3) are uniformly arranged in a plurality along the circumferential direction.
8. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the fixing rod (2) comprises a connecting rod (22) and a guide rod (23) which are positioned at two ends of the baffle (21), the connecting rod (22) is fixedly connected with the fixing frame (6), and the elastic piece (3) is sleeved outside the guide rod (23).
9. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the carrier (4) comprises a plurality of arc sections along the circumferential direction, and an expansion gap is arranged between every two adjacent arc sections; the suspension teeth (5) comprise a plurality of arc sections matched with the carrier (4) along the circumferential direction, and an expansion gap is arranged between every two adjacent arc sections.
10. The steam turbine shaft end gland seal structure of claim 1, wherein: the annular steam seal groove (11) is arranged in the middle of the steam seal block (1), and steam seal teeth (12) located on two sides of the suspension teeth (5) are arranged at the bottom of the steam seal block (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111610597.8A CN114483209B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Sealing structure of steam seal body at shaft end of steam turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111610597.8A CN114483209B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Sealing structure of steam seal body at shaft end of steam turbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114483209A true CN114483209A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114483209B CN114483209B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111610597.8A Active CN114483209B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Sealing structure of steam seal body at shaft end of steam turbine |
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| CN114483209B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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