CN114472945A - Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool - Google Patents
Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114472945A CN114472945A CN202210052210.XA CN202210052210A CN114472945A CN 114472945 A CN114472945 A CN 114472945A CN 202210052210 A CN202210052210 A CN 202210052210A CN 114472945 A CN114472945 A CN 114472945A
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- polycrystalline diamond
- cutting tool
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- compact
- layer
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses polycrystalline diamond cutting tool relates to the cutting tool field. The cutting tool aims to solve the technical problem that a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool in the prior art is poor in cutting performance. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool, comprising: a blade and a clamping portion; the blade includes: a polycrystalline diamond layer and a substrate layer; wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises: a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact; the substrate layer is positioned between the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact; the clamping part is connected with the blade in an integral welding mode.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of cutting tools, in particular to a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool.
Background
Diamond has been used as a superhard cutting tool material for cutting processing for hundreds of years, but the natural diamond has a rare quantity and a high price, and is difficult to meet the requirement of large-scale application. Polycrystalline diamond is an artificial diamond, is used for replacing natural single crystal diamond, breaks through the limit of quantity and price, and expands the application range of diamond cutters to a plurality of fields such as aviation, aerospace, automobiles, electronics, stone and the like.
With the increasing application fields, it is an urgent need to develop a cutting tool with better cutting performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a main objective provides a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool, aims at solving among the prior art the relatively poor technical problem of polycrystalline diamond cutting tool cutting performance.
To achieve the above object, the present application provides a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool, including: a blade and a clamping portion;
the blade includes: a polycrystalline diamond layer and a substrate layer; wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises: a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact; the substrate layer is positioned between the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact;
the clamping part is connected with the blade in an integral welding mode.
As an embodiment of the present application, the blade further includes: carbon nanoreinforcement particles.
As an embodiment of the present application, the rake angle of the insert is 0 °, the relief angle is 10 °, and the radius of the circular arc of the nose is 0.8 mm.
As an embodiment of the present application, the blade has a thickness of 2 to 6mm, wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer has a thickness of 0.3 to 1.0 mm.
As an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for preparing the polycrystalline diamond layer includes the following steps:
obtaining diamond by taking graphite as a precursor, and sintering the diamond at high temperature and high pressure to obtain the polycrystalline diamond layer.
As an embodiment of the present application, the processing conditions for sintering at high temperature and high pressure include:
the high pressure condition is 18GPa, and the high temperature condition is 2150-2250 ℃.
As an embodiment of the present application, the base layer includes: at least one of a first matrix with a grain size of 0.3 to 1.0 μm and a second matrix with a grain size > 1.0 μm.
As an embodiment of the present application, the method for machining a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool includes the steps of:
cutting the polycrystalline diamond layer by adopting an electric spark machining process to obtain a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact;
brazing and pressing the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact with the substrate layer to obtain a blade;
and connecting the blade and the clamping part in an integral welding mode to obtain the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool.
As an embodiment of the present application, after the step of obtaining the blade after brazing and pressing the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact with the substrate layer, the method further includes:
the debris buildup on the blade is ablated using a strong acid solution.
As an embodiment of the present application, the strong acid solution comprises: hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or hydrofluoric acid.
Compare in prior art, this application polycrystalline diamond cutting tool's cutter part adopts sandwich type structure, and the terminal surface is polycrystalline diamond compact, is the base member layer in the middle of about promptly. The sandwich structure can effectively improve the cutting performance of the blade and reduce the production cost, namely, the waste of polycrystalline diamond raw materials caused by the fact that the cutter body and the cutting edge use the polycrystalline diamond as the raw materials is avoided; and the cutting performance of the cutting edge is not poor because the cutter body and the cutting edge are made of the hard alloy base material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method of manufacturing a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
the labels in the figure are: 1-a first diamond compact, 2-a substrate layer, and 3-a second diamond compact.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objectives of the present application will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Diamond has been used as a superhard cutting tool material for cutting processing for hundreds of years, but the natural diamond has a rare quantity and a high price, and is difficult to meet the requirement of large-scale application. Polycrystalline diamond is an artificial diamond, is used for replacing natural single crystal diamond, breaks through the limit of quantity and price, and expands the application range of diamond cutters to a plurality of fields such as aviation, aerospace, automobiles, electronics, stone and the like.
With the increasing application fields, it is an urgent need to develop a cutting tool with better cutting performance.
To address the deficiencies of the prior art described above, the present application provides a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool, with reference to fig. 1, comprising: a blade and a clamping portion;
the blade includes: a polycrystalline diamond layer and a substrate layer; wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises: a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact; the substrate layer is positioned between the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact;
the clamping part is connected with the blade in an integral welding mode.
Compare in prior art, this application polycrystalline diamond cutting tool's cutter part adopts sandwich type structure, and the terminal surface is polycrystalline diamond compact, is the base member layer in the middle of about promptly. The sandwich structure can effectively improve the cutting performance of the blade and reduce the production cost, namely, the waste of polycrystalline diamond raw materials caused by the fact that the cutter body and the cutting edge use the polycrystalline diamond as the raw materials is avoided; and the poor cutting performance of the cutting edge can not be caused because the cutter body and the cutting edge are made of the hard alloy base material.
Diamond grains are a superhard material comprising a mass of diamond grains grown on one another to form a skeletal mass defining interstices between the diamond grains. In one possible embodiment of the present application, therefore, the blade further comprises: carbon nanoreinforcement particles. The carbon nanotube reinforcing phase improves the grain connection structure in diamond polycrystal formed by diamond grains, so that more diamond-diamond connection relation is formed, and the crack propagation is restrained.
In order to make the cutting tool have higher impact resistance and bending strength when cutting at high speed, as an embodiment of the present application, the rake angle of the insert is 0 °, the relief angle is 10 °, and the nose arc radius is 0.8 mm.
In order to facilitate electric spark machining when manufacturing a cutter and avoid delamination caused by stress difference between joint surfaces due to too thick base layer, the thickness of the blade of the cutter needs to be controlled on the premise of not influencing the cutting performance of the cutter. That is, as an embodiment of the present application, the blade has a thickness of 2 to 6mm, wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer has a thickness of 0.3 to 1.0 mm.
In order to maintain the excellent physical properties of the monocrystalline diamond as much as possible, the use of additives should be reduced as much as possible in the preparation of the polycrystalline diamond, so that the "diamond-diamond" bonds between the particles are as much as possible; therefore, as an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for preparing the polycrystalline diamond layer includes the following steps: obtaining diamond by taking graphite as a precursor, and sintering the diamond at high temperature and high pressure to obtain the polycrystalline diamond layer. Compared with the polycrystalline diamond compact added with the binding agent, the polycrystalline diamond compact prepared by directly converting graphite serving as a precursor into diamond has higher hardness and better mechanical property. As an embodiment of the present application, the processing conditions for sintering at high temperature and high pressure include: the high pressure condition is 18GPa, and the high temperature condition is 2150-2250 ℃.
As an embodiment of the present application, the base layer includes: at least one of a first matrix with a grain size of 0.3 to 1.0 μm and a second matrix with a grain size > 1.0 μm. When the hard alloy matrix is a combination of a first hard alloy with a grain size of 0.3-1.0 μm and a second hard alloy with a grain size of more than 1.0 μm, the mass ratio of the first hard alloy with a grain size of 0.3-1.0 μm to the second hard alloy with a grain size of more than 1.0 μm can be 20-40: 60-80. The hard alloys with different grain sizes are mixed for use, because the cobalt permeates into the diamond layer during sintering, the high pressure ensures that only cobalt and diamond exist in the diamond polycrystal, and because the grains of the first hard alloy are smaller, the migration difficulty of the cobalt into the diamond polycrystal during sintering is increased, the cobalt content in the diamond polycrystal is obviously reduced compared with that of a conventional substrate, and the heat resistance, the wear resistance and the service life of the diamond polycrystal composite material are obviously improved.
As an embodiment of the present application, the method for machining a polycrystalline diamond cutting tool includes the steps of:
s1, cutting the polycrystalline diamond layer by adopting an electric spark machining process to obtain a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact;
s2, brazing and pressing the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact with a substrate layer to obtain a blade;
and S3, connecting the blade and the clamping part in an integral welding mode to obtain the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool.
In the method for machining the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool, the polycrystalline diamond layer is cut by adopting an electric spark process, because the electric spark process is a cutting mode with better manufacturability and higher efficiency in the current book-centralized cutting process, the proper cutting speed is selected according to the thickness of the blade during cutting, the surface quality of the polycrystalline diamond compact is easily influenced due to overhigh speed, and the cutting efficiency is easily influenced due to overhigh cutting speed which causes 'wire arching'.
In order to avoid the cutting tool, when using, because of the cutting edge unevenness, grinding trace and the fine particle fall the micro-gap that leaves and impel the cutter to take place the phenomenon that the granule drops, as an implementable mode of this application will first polycrystalline diamond compact and second polycrystalline diamond compact carry out the brazing suppression with the base layer after, obtain the step of blade, still include: ablating built-up tumors on the blade by using a strong acid solution; thereby improving the service life of the cutter. As an embodiment of the present application, the strong acid solution comprises: hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or hydrofluoric acid.
Example 1
A polycrystalline diamond cutting tool according to the present embodiment includes: a blade and a clamping portion;
the front angle of the blade is 0 degree, the rear angle is 10 degrees, the arc radius of the tool nose is 0.8mm, and the thickness is 6 mm.
The blade includes: a polycrystalline diamond layer and a substrate layer; wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises: a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact; the substrate layer is positioned between the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact; the clamping part is connected with the blade in an integral welding mode.
The cutting tool is prepared by the following steps:
obtaining diamond by taking graphite as a precursor, and sintering the diamond at 18GPa and 2150 ℃ to obtain the polycrystalline diamond layer.
And cutting the polycrystalline diamond layer by adopting an electric spark machining process to obtain the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact.
And brazing and pressing the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact with the substrate layer to obtain the blade.
And after the blade and the clamping part are connected in an integral welding mode, the chip-accumulating tumors on the blade are ablated by using strong acid solution, and the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool is obtained.
Example 2
A polycrystalline diamond cutting tool according to the present embodiment includes: a blade and a clamping portion;
the front angle of the blade is 0 degree, the rear angle is 10 degrees, the arc radius of the tool nose is 0.8mm, and the thickness is 2 mm.
The blade includes: the polycrystalline diamond layer, the carbon nano reinforcing phase and the matrix layer; wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises: a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact; the substrate layer is positioned between the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact; the clamping part is connected with the blade in an integral welding mode.
The cutting tool is prepared by the following steps:
obtaining diamond by taking graphite as a precursor, and sintering the diamond and carbon nano under the conditions of 18GPa and 2250 ℃ to obtain the polycrystalline diamond layer.
And cutting the polycrystalline diamond layer by adopting an electric spark machining process to obtain the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact.
And brazing and pressing the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact with the substrate layer to obtain the blade.
And after the blade and the clamping part are connected in an integral welding mode, the chip-accumulating tumors on the blade are ablated by using strong acid solution, and the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool is obtained.
Example 3
A polycrystalline diamond cutting tool according to the present embodiment includes: a blade and a clamping portion;
the front angle of the blade is 0 degree, the rear angle is 10 degrees, the arc radius of the tool nose is 0.8mm, and the thickness is 4 mm.
The blade includes: the polycrystalline diamond layer, the carbon nano reinforcing phase and the matrix layer; wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises: a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact; the substrate layer is positioned between the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact; the clamping part is connected with the blade in an integral welding mode.
The cutting tool is prepared by the following steps:
obtaining diamond by taking graphite as a precursor, and sintering the diamond and carbon nano under the conditions of 18GPa and 2200 ℃ to obtain the polycrystalline diamond layer.
And cutting the polycrystalline diamond layer by adopting an electric spark machining process to obtain the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact.
And brazing and pressing the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact with the substrate layer to obtain the blade.
And after the blade and the clamping part are connected in an integral welding mode, the chip-accumulating tumors on the blade are ablated by using strong acid solution, and the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool is obtained.
The polycrystalline diamond cutting tools obtained in examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a cutting performance test at a cutting speed of 300m/min, and the results are shown in table 1:
table 1:
as can be seen from Table 1, the cutting tools obtained in the 3 examples all have different degrees of wear at a cutting speed of 300 m/min. The cutter corresponding to the embodiment 1 without the carbon nano reinforcing phase is most seriously worn, and the cutter tip and the cutter face are worn, and the surface of the cutter has obvious vertical lines; and the carbon nano reinforcing phase is added in the processing of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3, so that the carbon nano tube reinforcing phase improves the particle connection structure in the diamond polycrystal formed by the diamond grains, and more diamond-diamond connection relations are formed, thereby inhibiting the expansion of cracks, improving the cutting performance of the corresponding cutter and ensuring that the surface of the cutter has only slight vertical lines or no vertical lines. In addition, since the cutting performance of the manufactured tool is affected by the difference in the machining process conditions, the cutting tool manufactured in example 2 is the cutting tool having the best cutting performance in the examples listed in this application. The cutting tools obtained in the above examples 1 to 3 are all of a sandwich structure, i.e., the upper and lower end surfaces are polycrystalline diamond compacts, and the middle is a substrate layer; the sandwich structure can effectively improve the cutting performance of the blade and reduce the production cost, namely, the waste of polycrystalline diamond raw materials caused by the fact that the cutter body and the cutting edge both use the polycrystalline diamond as the raw materials can be avoided; and the cutting performance of the cutting edge is not poor because the cutter body and the cutting edge are made of the hard alloy base material.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical solutions that can be directly or indirectly applied to other related fields without departing from the spirit of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A polycrystalline diamond cutting tool, comprising: a blade and a clamping portion;
the blade includes: a polycrystalline diamond layer and a substrate layer; wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises: a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact; the substrate layer is positioned between the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact;
the clamping part is connected with the blade in an integral welding mode.
2. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the insert further comprises: carbon nanoreinforcement particles.
3. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the insert has a rake angle of 0 °, a relief angle of 10 °, and a nose arc radius of 0.8 mm.
4. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the blade has a thickness of 2-6mm, and wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer has a thickness of 0.3-1.0 mm.
5. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the polycrystalline diamond layer comprises the steps of:
obtaining diamond by taking graphite as a precursor, and sintering the diamond at high temperature and high pressure to obtain the polycrystalline diamond layer.
6. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 5, wherein the processing conditions for sintering at high temperature and high pressure comprise:
the high pressure condition is 18GPa, and the high temperature condition is 2150-2250 ℃.
7. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the substrate layer comprises: at least one of a first matrix with a grain size of 0.3 to 1.0 μm and a second matrix with a grain size > 1.0 μm.
8. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the method of machining the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool comprises the steps of:
cutting the polycrystalline diamond layer by adopting an electric spark machining process to obtain a first polycrystalline diamond compact and a second polycrystalline diamond compact;
brazing and pressing the first polycrystalline diamond compact and the second polycrystalline diamond compact with the substrate layer to obtain a blade;
and connecting the blade and the clamping part in an integral welding mode to obtain the polycrystalline diamond cutting tool.
9. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 8, further comprising, after the step of obtaining the blades after brazing and pressing the first and second polycrystalline diamond compacts to the substrate layer:
the debris buildup on the blade is ablated using a strong acid solution.
10. The polycrystalline diamond cutting tool of claim 9, wherein the strong acid solution comprises: hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or hydrofluoric acid.
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CN202210052210.XA CN114472945A (en) | 2022-01-17 | 2022-01-17 | Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool |
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CN202210052210.XA CN114472945A (en) | 2022-01-17 | 2022-01-17 | Polycrystalline diamond cutting tool |
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2022
- 2022-01-17 CN CN202210052210.XA patent/CN114472945A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20220513 |