CN114472579A - Metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114472579A CN114472579A CN202210102686.XA CN202210102686A CN114472579A CN 114472579 A CN114472579 A CN 114472579A CN 202210102686 A CN202210102686 A CN 202210102686A CN 114472579 A CN114472579 A CN 114472579A
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- metal
- wire
- matrix composite
- metal matrix
- graphene
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/042—Manufacture of coated wire or bars
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
Abstract
The invention relates to a metal-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of preparation of metal-based materials. The preparation method of the metal matrix composite material comprises the following steps: stranding at least two strands of composite metal wires to obtain stranded wires, and then carrying out continuous extrusion forming on the stranded wires; the composite metal wire comprises a metal base wire and a graphene layer coated on the surface of the metal base wire. The preparation method of the metal-based composite material can reduce the adding difficulty of graphene in the metal-based composite material, obtain the metal-based material with the required cross-sectional shape and good mechanical property, and can also overcome the problems of low density, discontinuous forming process and the like of the existing powder metallurgy product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of preparation of metal-based materials.
Background
The metal materials such as copper materials, aluminum materials and the like have good electric and thermal conductivity and are widely applied to various fields of China industry, but with the development of modern industry, the traditional metal materials such as copper materials, aluminum materials and the like can not meet the requirements of the fields of aviation, aerospace, rail transit, power electronics and the like gradually. In order to improve the performance of the metal material, the graphene is applied to the copper/aluminum material, and a large number of experimental researches verify the enhancement effect of the graphene on the mechanical property of the copper/aluminum-based material.
At present, the main approach for preparing the graphene reinforced metal matrix composite material by combining graphene and copper/aluminum material is powder metallurgy, but the forming process of the powder metallurgy process is discontinuous, and an ultra-long product (such as an ultra-long lead) cannot be prepared. In addition, powder metallurgy belongs to mechanical powder mixing, and in the sintering process, atomic mobility is poor, so that pores exist in the material, the density of the graphene reinforced metal matrix composite material can be reduced, and the application of the metal matrix material is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a metal matrix composite, which not only can be used for preparing an ultra-long product, but also can be used for improving the density of the material.
The invention also provides a metal matrix composite prepared by the preparation method of the metal matrix composite.
In order to achieve the purpose, the preparation method of the metal matrix composite material adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a metal matrix composite material comprises the following steps: stranding at least two strands of composite metal wires to obtain stranded wires, and then carrying out continuous extrusion forming on the stranded wires; the composite metal wire comprises a metal base wire and a graphene layer coated on the surface of the metal base wire.
According to the preparation method of the metal-based composite material, the stranded wire material formed by stranding the composite metal wires coated with the graphene is subjected to continuous extrusion forming, so that the adding difficulty of the graphene in the metal-based composite material can be reduced, the metal-based material with a required section shape and good mechanical property can be obtained, and the problems of low density, discontinuous forming process and the like of the conventional powder metallurgy product can be solved.
Preferably, the metal base wire is a copper wire or an aluminum wire. It is understood that the copper wire as the metal element wire is a metal wire having copper as a main component, such as a pure copper wire, a copper-based alloy wire, etc., and the aluminum wire as the metal element wire is a metal wire having aluminum as a main component, such as a pure aluminum wire, an aluminum alloy wire, etc. Further, the copper alloy wire is a Cu-Ag alloy wire. The aluminum alloy wire is an Al-Mg-Si-Cu aluminum alloy wire.
The composite metal wire used in the present invention can be purchased or prepared according to the prior art. Depending on the method of manufacturing the composite metal wire, the graphene layer may be composed of only graphene, or may contain a small amount of other auxiliary components. For example, the graphene layer is deposited on the surface of the metal base line by an in-situ chemical vapor deposition method, which is slightly different from the composition of the graphene layer formed by dispersing graphene in a dispersant and coating the surface of the metal base line, and the graphene layer formed by the latter may contain a small amount of dispersant and other components for assisting the dispersion of graphene. Preferably, the mass percentage content of the graphene in the graphene layer is more than or equal to 80%. When the mass percentage of graphene in the graphene layer is more than or equal to 80%, other components in the graphene layer have small influence on the conductivity of the final lead.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the metal base line to the graphene in the graphene layer per 1cm of the composite metal wire is 8-100: 1, for example, 8-15: 1, or 10-100: 1, or 20-100: 1. The content of graphene in the prepared metal-based composite material can be controlled by controlling the mass ratio of the metal base line to the graphene in the graphene layer, so that the metal-based composite material has good mechanical properties while the electrical conductivity is ensured. Preferably, the coating density of the graphene on the surface of the metal base line is 1-110 mg/cm2For example, 85 to 110mg/cm2Or 1 to 100mg/cm2Or 10 to 100mg/cm2。
In order to facilitate stranding and increase the compactness of the resulting metal matrix composite, the cross-section of the composite metal wire should be circular or nearly circular. Preferably, the diameter of the composite metal wire is 0.3 to 3mm, such as 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm, 2.4mm or 2.7 mm.
Preferably, the twisted composite metal wire has 3 to 7 strands, for example, 4 strands, 5 strands or 6 strands.
The metal matrix composite material adopts the technical scheme that:
a metal matrix composite material prepared by the preparation method of the metal matrix composite material.
The metal matrix composite material is prepared by the preparation method of the metal matrix composite material, not only has good mechanical property, but also can be a product with an overlong special-shaped section.
The metal matrix composite material can be a metal matrix composite wire or a conductive profile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The preparation method of the metal matrix composite material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a graphene layer on the surface of a copper wire by adopting a spraying method to obtain a composite metal wire; the cross section of the prepared composite metal wire is circular, the diameter of the composite metal wire is 0.3mm, and the mass ratio of copper wires to graphene in each 1cm length of the composite metal wire is 8: 1; the adopted copper wire is a pure copper wire with the conductivity of 99% IACS, and the coating density of graphene in the graphene layer on the surface of the copper wire is 110mg/cm2(ii) a The mass percentage of graphene in the graphene layer is 80%;
2) stranding 7 strands of prepared composite metal wires to obtain stranded wires;
3) and continuously extruding the prepared twisted wire to obtain the twisted wire.
The metal matrix composite material prepared by the embodiment is a metal matrix composite wire, and the conductivity of the metal matrix composite wire can reach 128% IACS.
Example 2
The preparation method of the metal matrix composite material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a graphene layer on the surface of an aluminum wire by adopting a blade coating method to obtain a composite metal wire; the cross section of the prepared composite metal wire is circular, the diameter of the composite metal wire is 3mm, and the mass ratio of the aluminum wire to the graphene in each composite metal wire with the length of 1cm is 10: 1; the adopted aluminum wire is a pure aluminum wire with the conductivity of 60% IACS, and the coating density of graphene in the graphene layer on the surface of the aluminum wire is 100mg/cm2(ii) a The mass percentage of graphene in the graphene layer is 90%;
2) stranding 3 strands of prepared composite metal wires to obtain stranded wires;
3) and continuously extruding the prepared twisted wire to obtain the twisted wire.
The metal matrix composite material prepared in the embodiment is a metal matrix composite wire, and the conductivity of the metal matrix composite wire can reach 115% IACS.
Example 3
The preparation method of the metal matrix composite material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) depositing a graphene layer on the surface of a copper wire by adopting ethylene as a carbon source and adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain a composite metal wire; the cross section of the prepared composite metal wire is circular, the diameter of the composite metal wire is 1.8mm, and the mass ratio of copper wires to graphene in each 1cm length of the composite metal wire is 15: 1; the adopted copper wire is a pure copper wire with the conductivity of 99 percent IACS; the coating density of graphene in the graphene layer on the surface of the copper wire is 85mg/cm2；
2) Stranding 5 strands of prepared composite metal wires to obtain stranded wires;
3) and continuously extruding the prepared twisted wire to obtain the twisted wire.
The metal matrix composite material prepared in the embodiment is a metal matrix composite wire, and the conductivity of the metal matrix composite wire can reach 122% IACS.
In other embodiments, the carbon source deposited in the gas phase in embodiment 3 may be replaced by acetylene or methane, and the composite metal wire may be replaced by a commercially available graphene copper wire.
Example 4
The preparation method of the metal matrix composite of the present example is different from the preparation method of the metal matrix composite of example 3 only in that: the copper wire used in step 1) is a Cu-Ag alloy wire having a conductivity of 85% IACS.
The metal matrix composite material prepared in the embodiment is a metal matrix composite wire, and the conductivity of the metal matrix composite wire can reach 115% IACS.
Example 5
The preparation method of the metal matrix composite of the present example is different from the preparation method of the metal matrix composite of example 3 only in that: the aluminum wire used in step 1) was an Al-Mg-Si-Cu aluminum alloy wire having an electrical conductivity of 55% IACS.
The metal matrix composite material prepared in the embodiment is a metal matrix composite wire, and the conductivity of the metal matrix composite wire can reach 100% IACS.
Example 6
Metal of this example the method of making the metal matrix composite of this example differs from the method of making the metal matrix composite of example 1 only in that: the copper wire used in step 1) is a Cu-Ag alloy wire having a conductivity of 85% IACS.
The metal matrix composite material prepared in the embodiment is a metal matrix composite wire, and the conductivity of the metal matrix composite wire can reach 120% IACS.
Example 7
The preparation method of the metal matrix composite of the present example is different from the preparation method of the metal matrix composite of example 1 only in that: the aluminum wire used in step 1) was an Al-Mg-Si-Cu aluminum alloy wire having an electrical conductivity of 55% IACS.
The metal matrix composite material prepared in the embodiment is a metal matrix composite wire, and the conductivity of the metal matrix composite wire can reach 105% IACS.
Example 8
The metal matrix composite material of this embodiment is prepared by the preparation method of the metal matrix composite material in embodiments 1 to 7, which is not described herein again.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: stranding at least two strands of composite metal wires to obtain stranded wires, and then carrying out continuous extrusion forming on the stranded wires; the composite metal wire comprises a metal base wire and a graphene layer coated on the surface of the metal base wire.
2. The method of preparing a metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: the metal base line is a copper wire or an aluminum wire.
3. The method of preparing a metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the metal base line to the graphene in the graphene layer in each 1 cm-long composite metal wire is 8-100: 1.
4. The method of preparing a metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: the coating density of graphene in the graphene layer on the surface of the metal base line is 1-110 mg/cm2。
5. The method for preparing a metal matrix composite according to claim 4, wherein: the coating density of graphene in the graphene layer on the surface of the metal base line is 85-110 mg/cm2。
6. The method of preparing a metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the composite metal wire is 0.3-3 mm.
7. The method of preparing a metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: the stranded composite metal wire is 3-7 strands.
8. A metal matrix composite material prepared by the method for preparing a metal matrix composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110112382 | 2021-01-27 | ||
| CN2021101123827 | 2021-01-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114472579A true CN114472579A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210102686.XA Pending CN114472579A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | Metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN114472579A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-01-27 CN CN202210102686.XA patent/CN114472579A/en active Pending
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