CN114466285B - Method, device, equipment and storage medium for adjusting loudness of audio signal - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and storage medium for adjusting loudness of audio signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a loudness adjusting method, device and equipment for an audio signal and a storage medium. The application is applied to the technical field of audio editing, and comprises the following steps: linearly converting the obtained original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value; obtaining a loudness gain curve through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; carrying out smoothing treatment on the loudness gain curve according to the preset time delay time to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve; obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time; the loudness of the original audio signal is adjusted according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve. The embodiment of the application can improve the tone quality of the audio signal.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of audio editing, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for adjusting the loudness of an audio signal.
Background
The expander can make the dynamic range of the maximum audio loudness and the minimum audio loudness of the audio signal become larger, namely, the place with large audio loudness is larger, the place with small audio loudness is smaller and is widely applied, for example, the expander is applied to various large audio editing software (Adobe audio, audioDirector), the expander algorithm mainly comprises four steps, namely, audio linear loudness conversion, calculation of loudness gain, smoothing gain and audio loudness conversion application, but in the step of smoothing gain, the existing audio loudness adjustment method can cause the variation difference of audio loudness to be too large when the release time is too long, and further cause the distortion of the audio signal, so that the tone quality of the audio signal is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for adjusting the loudness of an audio signal, which aim to solve the problem of overlarge variation of the loudness of the audio in the existing audio signal.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for adjusting loudness of an audio signal, including:
acquiring an original audio signal, and linearly converting the original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal;
Obtaining a loudness gain curve through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value;
partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset time delay, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each partition, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset time delay to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time;
and adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve.
Further, a target audio loudness value is obtained through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; and calculating the difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
Further, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, and searching a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the average loudness gain value by a loudness gain value fall method; shifting the second loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve by the preset time delay time, and calculating a third loudness gain value according to the second loudness gain value shifted by the preset time delay time in the smooth loudness gain curve and the first loudness gain value; calculating an average value of the second loudness gain value and the third loudness gain value to obtain a fourth loudness gain value; and carrying out smoothing processing on the loudness gain curve through a preset order exponential smoothing algorithm according to the first loudness gain value and the fourth loudness gain value to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve.
Further, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, setting a loudness gain value which is larger than the average loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve as a positive loudness gain value, and setting a loudness gain value which is not larger than the average loudness gain value in the gain curve as a negative loudness gain value; and sequentially calculating the product of the loudness gain values corresponding to the front sampling point and the rear sampling point in the gain curve to obtain a loudness gain product value, and determining a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the gain product value.
Further, dividing the smooth loudness gain curve into a plurality of attack segments and release segments according to curve slopes in the smooth loudness gain curve; in each attack section, obtaining an output gain compensation curve through an attack smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time and attack retention time; and in each release section, obtaining the output gain compensation curve through a release smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset release time and a release retention time.
Further, calculating attack reservation sampling points according to preset attack reservation time; setting initial values of the first comparison parameter, the second comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter as a first preset value, a second preset value and a third preset value respectively, and setting initial values of output gain compensation values corresponding to the second comparison parameter as preset smooth loudness gain initial values; comparing a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve and the attack sampling parameter with an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number respectively; if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the output gain compensation value and the attack sampling parameter is not greater than the attack retention sampling point number, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and taking the output gain compensation value as an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value and the attack sampling parameter is greater than the attack reserved sampling point number, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter through an attack smooth gain formula according to preset attack time; and adding 1 to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter, and returning to the step of comparing the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve with the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number respectively until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison end value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison end value so as to obtain an output gain compensation curve.
Further, performing linear conversion on the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve; multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted output gain compensation value to adjust the loudness of the original audio signal.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a loudness adjustment device for an audio signal, including:
the first computing unit is used for acquiring an original audio signal and linearly converting the original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal;
the second calculation unit is used for obtaining a loudness gain curve through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, the preset loudness threshold value and the preset knee threshold value;
the smooth processing unit is used for partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset time delay, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each partition, and carrying out smooth processing on the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset time delay to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
the third calculation unit is used for obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time;
And the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.
The embodiment of the invention provides a loudness adjusting method, device and equipment for an audio signal and a storage medium. Wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original audio signal, and linearly converting the original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal; obtaining a loudness gain curve through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset time delay, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each partition, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset time delay to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve; obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time; and adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve. According to the technical scheme, the loudness gain curve is subjected to smoothing treatment according to the average loudness gain value and the preset delay time to obtain the smooth loudness gain curve, and then the gain compensation curve is output according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the set release time and other parameters through a smoothing gain method, so that the release time and other parameters can be flexibly adjusted, the variation difference of the audio loudness is reduced to a certain extent, the distortion of the audio signal is reduced, and the tone quality of the audio signal is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting loudness of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for loudness adjustment of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted as "when..once" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to detection" depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if a determination" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted in the context of meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determination" or "upon detection of a [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detection of a [ described condition or event ]".
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting loudness of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the invention. The loudness adjusting method of the audio signal can be applied to intelligent terminal equipment such as a smart phone, a portable computer, a desktop computer, a notebook computer and the like, and the loudness adjusting method of the audio signal is realized through software installed on the terminal such as an application program named audio editing software, so that distortion of the audio signal is reduced, and tone quality of the audio signal is improved. The method for loudness adjustment of the audio signal is described in detail below. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps S100 to S140.
S100, acquiring an original audio signal, and performing linear conversion on the original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the user edits the audio to be edited into the master tape in the audio editing software, the audio editing software obtains the original audio signal in the audio to perform loudness adjustment, specifically, firstly, linearly converting the original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain the audio loudness corresponding to the original audio signal A value, wherein the audio loudness conversion formula is X db =20×log10 (abs (data)), where X db For audio loudness values, data is the original audio signal, and abs (data) is the absolute value that solves for the original audio signal. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the original audio signal is linearly converted in order to generate the loudness gain curve in the latter step.
S110, obtaining a loudness gain curve through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, the preset loudness threshold value and the preset knee threshold value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the original audio signal is linearly converted to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal, a target audio loudness value is obtained through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value, where the audio loudness gain formula is shown in formula (1), and in formula (1), T and W are respectively a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value, it is to be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the preset loudness threshold value is a maximum loudness gain value for controlling the loudness gain curve, and the preset knee threshold value characterizes smoothness of the loudness gain curve when the preset loudness threshold value; after calculating the target audio loudness value, calculating a difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve g c G is the c ＝X db -X sc 。
S120, partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset time delay, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each partition, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset time delay to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve.
In the embodiment of the invention, after a loudness gain curve is obtained through an audio loudness gain formula, the loudness gain curve is segmented according to a preset time delay, an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each segment is calculated, a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value are found out through a loudness gain value fall method according to the average loudness gain value, wherein the loudness gain value fall method is used for calculating the average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each segment, the loudness gain value which is larger than the average loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve is set as a positive loudness gain value, and the loudness gain value which is not larger than the average loudness gain value in the gain curve is set as a negative loudness gain value; sequentially calculating the product of loudness gain values corresponding to front and rear sampling points in the gain curve to obtain a loudness gain product value, determining a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the gain product value, and determining the front and rear sampling points as the first loudness gain value and the second loudness gain value if the gain product value is a negative number in practical application, which indicates that the fall of the front and rear sampling points in the gain curve is larger; after the first loudness gain value and the second loudness gain value are found, shifting the second loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve by the preset time delay time, and calculating a third loudness gain value according to the second loudness gain value shifted by the preset time delay time and the first loudness gain value in the smooth loudness gain curve, wherein in the embodiment of the invention, the preset time delay time can be set to be 10ms, and understandably, in other embodiments, the preset time delay time can also be set to be other values without specific limitation; calculating an average value of the second loudness gain value and the third loudness gain value to obtain a fourth loudness gain value; and smoothing the loudness gain curve through a preset order exponential smoothing algorithm according to the first loudness gain value and the fourth loudness gain value to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve, specifically, calculating an average value of the first loudness gain value and the fourth loudness gain value, and smoothing the loudness gain curve through a first order exponential smoothing algorithm according to the average value and the first loudness gain value to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the loudness gain curve may also be obtained by performing a smoothing process on the loudness gain curve by using an exponential smoothing algorithm with other orders, for example, a second-order exponential smoothing algorithm.
S130, obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the loudness gain curve is smoothed to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve, the smoothed loudness gain curve is divided into a plurality of attack segments and release segments according to a curve slope in the smoothed loudness gain curve, specifically, if the curve slope is a positive slope, the smoothed loudness gain curve is used as a release segment, otherwise, if the curve slope is a negative slope, the smoothed loudness gain curve is used as an attack segment; in each attack section, obtaining an output gain compensation curve through an attack smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time and attack retention time; and in each release section, obtaining the output gain compensation curve through a release smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset release time and a release retention time. It is understood that the preset attack time and attack retention time are respectively the total time of each attack segment and the time reserved for the smooth loudness gain value in each attack segment, and the preset release time and release retention time are respectively the total time of each release segment and the time reserved for the smooth loudness gain value in each release segment.
Further, the attack smoothing gain method calculates attack reserved sampling points according to preset attack reserved time, and in practical application, the inverse number of the preset attack reserved sampling points is the attack reserved sampling points; initial sampling of first comparison parameter, second comparison parameter and attack sampling parameterThe values are respectively set as a first preset value, a second preset value and a third preset value, and the initial value of the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter is set as a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, wherein the first preset value, the second preset value and the third preset value are respectively set as 1, 0 and 0, the preset smooth loudness gain initial value is 0db, and it is required to be noted that in practical application, the first comparison parameter is assumed to be n, the second comparison parameter is m, and the attack sampling parameter is count_attack, then m=n-1; comparing the smoothed loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter in the smoothed loudness gain curve with the attack sampling parameter and the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number, respectively, if the output gain compensation value is assumed to be g s [n]The attack keeps the sampling point number as H A Will g c [1]And g is equal to s [0]Compare and count_attack to H A Comparing; if the smooth loudness gain value g c [1]Not greater than the output gain compensation value g s [0]And the attacked sampling parameter count_attack is not more than the attack reserved sampling point number H A Adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and taking the output gain compensation value as the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter, namely g s [1]＝g s [0]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the smooth loudness gain value g c [1]Not greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value g s [0]And the attack sampling parameter count_attack is larger than the attack reserved sampling point number H A Adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining the output gain compensation value g corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to an attack smoothing gain formula according to preset attack time s [1]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Adding 1 to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter, and returning to the step of comparing the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve with the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number respectively And step, until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison ending value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison ending value, obtaining an output gain compensation curve. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second comparison end value is smaller than the first comparison end value by 1, where the first comparison end value is the number of sampling points of the self-set audio signal, for example, if 1s corresponds to 44100 sampling points and the playing time of the audio is 10s, 44100×10 sampling points are set, the first comparison end value is 44100×10, and the first comparison end value is determined by the sampling points and the playing time of the audio.
Further, the release smoothing gain method is similar to the attack smoothing gain method except that the attack retention time set in the above step is replaced with a release retention time to obtain a release retention sampling point H R The attack sampling parameter count_attack is replaced by a release sampling parameter count_release, and the rest steps are the same, and understandably, the output gain compensation curve is shown in formula (2):
in the formula (2) of the present invention,fs and T R The sampling rate and the preset release time of the audio signal are respectively, and the TA and the TR are respectively the preset attack time and the preset release time. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the variation difference of the audio loudness is reduced to a certain extent by flexibly adjusting a plurality of parameters, such as the release time and the attack time, so that the distortion of the audio signal can be reduced and the sound quality of the audio signal can be improved.
S140, adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the output gain compensation curve is obtained by a smooth gain method, the output gain compensation curve is obtained by addingLinearly converting the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve by a linear conversion formula, wherein the linear conversion formula is thatWherein g s G is g s [n]Any one of the output gain compensation values g lim Any output gain compensation value after linear conversion; multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted output gain compensation value to adjust the loudness of the original audio signal to reduce the variation difference in audio loudness.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 200 for loudness adjustment of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a loudness adjustment device 200 for an audio signal, corresponding to the above method for loudness adjustment of an audio signal. The loudness adjustment device 200 of the audio signal, which may be configured in a terminal, comprises means for performing the loudness adjustment method of the audio signal described above. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the loudness adjusting device 200 for an audio signal includes a first computing unit 201, a second computing unit 202, a smoothing processing unit 203, a third computing unit 204, and an adjusting unit 205.
The first computing unit 201 is configured to obtain an original audio signal, and perform linear conversion on the original audio signal by using an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal; the second calculating unit 202 is configured to obtain a loudness gain curve according to the audio loudness value, the preset loudness threshold value, and the preset knee threshold value through an audio loudness gain formula; the smoothing unit 203 is configured to segment the loudness gain curve according to a preset delay time, calculate an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each segment, and smooth the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve; the third calculation unit 204 is configured to obtain an output gain compensation curve according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset attack time, an attack retention time, a release time and a release retention time by using a smooth gain method; the adjusting unit 205 is configured to adjust the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve.
In some embodiments, for example, the second computing unit 202 includes a first computing subunit 2021 and a second computing subunit 2022.
Wherein the first computing subunit 2021 is configured to obtain a target audio loudness value according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value, and a preset knee threshold value through an audio loudness gain formula; the second computing subunit 2022 is configured to calculate a difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in the present embodiment, the smoothing processing unit 203 includes a lookup unit 2031, a translation unit 2032, a third calculation subunit 2033, and a smoothing processing subunit 2034.
The searching unit 2031 is configured to calculate an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, and find a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the average loudness gain value by using a loudness gain value drop method; the shifting unit 2032 is configured to shift the second loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve by the preset time delay time, and calculate a third loudness gain value according to the second loudness gain value shifted by the preset time delay time and the first loudness gain value in the smooth loudness gain curve; the third calculating subunit 2033 is configured to calculate an average value of the second loudness gain value and the third loudness gain value to obtain a fourth loudness gain value; the smoothing subunit 2034 is configured to perform a smoothing process on the loudness gain curve according to the first loudness gain value and the fourth loudness gain value by using a preset order exponential smoothing algorithm to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, the searching unit 2031 includes a first setting unit 20311 and a determining unit 20312.
The first setting unit 20311 is configured to calculate an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, set a loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve that is greater than the average loudness gain value to be a positive loudness gain value, and set a loudness gain value in the gain curve that is not greater than the average loudness gain value to be a negative loudness gain value; the determining unit 20312 is configured to sequentially calculate a product of loudness gain values corresponding to the front and rear sampling points in the gain curve to obtain a loudness gain product value, and determine a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the gain product value.
In some embodiments, for example, in the present embodiment, the third computing unit 204 includes a dividing unit 2041, an attack smoothing unit 2042, and a release smoothing unit 2043.
Wherein the dividing unit 2041 is configured to divide the smooth loudness gain curve into a plurality of attack segments and release segments according to a curve slope in the smooth loudness gain curve; the attack smoothing unit 2042 is configured to obtain an output gain compensation curve in each attack segment according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset attack time and an attack retention time by an attack smoothing gain method; the release smoothing unit 2043 is configured to obtain, in each of the release segments, the output gain compensation curve by a release smoothing gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset release time, and a release retention time.
In some embodiments, for example, in the present embodiment, the attack smoothing unit 2042 includes a fourth computing subunit 20421, a second setting unit 20422, a comparing unit 20423, a fifth computing subunit 20424, a sixth computing subunit 20425, and a return execution unit 20426.
Wherein the fourth calculating subunit 20421 is configured to calculate an attack reservation sampling point according to a preset attack reservation time; the second setting unit 20422 is configured to set initial values of the first comparison parameter, the second comparison parameter, and the attack sampling parameter to a first preset value, a second preset value, and a third preset value, respectively, and set an initial value of an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value; the comparing unit 20423 is configured to compare a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve with an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number, respectively; the fifth calculating subunit 20424 is configured to add 1 to the second comparison parameter if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the output gain compensation value and the attack sampling parameter is not greater than the attack retention sampling point number, and use the output gain compensation value as an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; the sixth calculating subunit 20425 is configured to add 1 to the second comparison parameter if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value and the attack sampling parameter is greater than the attack retention sampling point number, and determine the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to a preset attack time and an attack smooth gain formula; the return execution unit 20426 is configured to add 1 to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter, and return to execute a step of comparing a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve with an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number, respectively, until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison end value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison end value, so as to obtain an output gain compensation curve.
In some embodiments, for example, the adjusting unit 205 includes a linear converting unit 2051 and an adjusting subunit 2052.
Wherein the linear conversion unit 2051 is configured to perform linear conversion on a gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve; the adjusting subunit 2052 is configured to multiply the original audio signal by the output gain compensation value after linear conversion to adjust the loudness of the original audio signal.
The specific implementation manner of the device 200 for adjusting loudness of an audio signal in the embodiment of the present application corresponds to the above-mentioned flow verification method, and is not described herein again.
The loudness adjustment means of the audio signals described above may be implemented in the form of a computer program that is executable on a computer device as shown in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. The computer device 300 is a terminal, which may be an electronic device with a communication function, such as a smart phone, a desktop computer, a portable computer, a tablet computer, and the like.
Referring to fig. 3, the computer device 300 includes a processor 302, a memory, and a network interface 305 connected by a system bus 301, wherein the memory may include a storage medium 303 and an internal memory 304.
The storage medium 303 may store an operating system 3031 and a computer program 3032. The computer program 3032, when executed, may cause the processor 302 to perform a method of loudness adjustment of an audio signal.
The processor 302 is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the overall computer device 300.
The internal memory 304 provides an environment for the execution of a computer program 3032 in the storage medium 303, which computer program 3032, when executed by the processor 302, causes the processor 302 to perform a method for loudness adjustment of an audio signal.
The network interface 305 is used for network communication with other devices. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 3 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present inventive arrangements and does not constitute a limitation of the computer device 300 to which the present inventive arrangements may be applied, and that a particular computer device 300 may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
Wherein the processor 302 is configured to execute a computer program 3032 stored in a memory to implement the following steps: acquiring an original audio signal, and linearly converting the original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal; obtaining a loudness gain curve through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset time delay, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each partition, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset time delay to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve; obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time; and adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of obtaining the loudness gain curve according to the audio loudness value, the preset loudness threshold value, and the preset knee threshold value through the audio loudness gain formula is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: obtaining a target audio loudness value through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; and calculating the difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of calculating the average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset delay time to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, and searching a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the average loudness gain value by a loudness gain value fall method; shifting the second loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve by the preset time delay time, and calculating a third loudness gain value according to the second loudness gain value shifted by the preset time delay time in the smooth loudness gain curve and the first loudness gain value; calculating an average value of the second loudness gain value and the third loudness gain value to obtain a fourth loudness gain value; and carrying out smoothing processing on the loudness gain curve through a preset order exponential smoothing algorithm according to the first loudness gain value and the fourth loudness gain value to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the processor 302 calculates the average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, and searches for the first loudness gain value and the second loudness gain value according to the average loudness gain value by using a loudness gain value drop method, the following steps are specifically implemented: calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, setting the loudness gain value which is larger than the average loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve as a positive loudness gain value, and setting the loudness gain value which is not larger than the average loudness gain value in the gain curve as a negative loudness gain value; and sequentially calculating the product of the loudness gain values corresponding to the front sampling point and the rear sampling point in the gain curve to obtain a loudness gain product value, and determining a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the gain product value.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of obtaining the output gain compensation curve by the smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, the preset attack time, the attack retention time, the release time and the release retention time is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: dividing the smooth loudness gain curve into a plurality of attack segments and release segments according to the curve slope in the smooth loudness gain curve; in each attack section, obtaining an output gain compensation curve through an attack smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time and attack retention time; and in each release section, obtaining the output gain compensation curve through a release smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset release time and a release retention time.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of obtaining the output gain compensation curve by the attack smoothing gain method according to the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, the preset attack time and the attack retention time is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: calculating attack reservation sampling points according to preset attack reservation time; setting initial values of the first comparison parameter, the second comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter as a first preset value, a second preset value and a third preset value respectively, and setting initial values of output gain compensation values corresponding to the second comparison parameter as preset smooth loudness gain initial values; comparing a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve and the attack sampling parameter with an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number respectively; if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the output gain compensation value and the attack sampling parameter is not greater than the attack retention sampling point number, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and taking the output gain compensation value as an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value and the attack sampling parameter is greater than the attack reserved sampling point number, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter through an attack smooth gain formula according to preset attack time; and adding 1 to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter, and returning to the step of comparing the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve with the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number respectively until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison end value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison end value so as to obtain an output gain compensation curve.
In some embodiments, for example, the processor 302, when implementing the step of adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation values in the output gain compensation curve, specifically implements the following steps: performing linear conversion on the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve; multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted output gain compensation value to adjust the loudness of the original audio signal.
It should be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, the processor 302 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), the processor 302 may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. Wherein the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the flow in a method embodying the above described embodiments may be accomplished by computer programs instructing the relevant hardware. The computer program may be stored in a storage medium that is a computer readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the flow steps of the embodiments of the method described above.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a storage medium. The storage medium may be a computer readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the flow steps of an embodiment of the loudness adjustment method of an audio signal described above.
The storage medium may be a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various computer-readable storage media that can store program codes.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, in computer software, or in a combination of the two, and that the elements and steps of the examples have been generally described in terms of function in the foregoing description to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is only one logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed.
The steps in the method of the embodiment of the invention can be sequentially adjusted, combined and deleted according to actual needs. The units in the device of the embodiment of the invention can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.
The integrated unit may be stored in a storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or a part contributing to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a terminal, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are focused on, and for those portions of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of loudness adjustment of an audio signal, comprising:
acquiring an original audio signal, and performing linear conversion on the original audio signal through an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal, wherein the audio loudness conversion formula is X db =20×log10 (abs (data)), where X db For audio loudness values, data is an original audio signal, and abs (data) is an absolute value of the original audio signal;
obtaining a loudness gain curve according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value through an audio loudness gain formula, wherein the preset loudness threshold value is a maximum loudness gain value used for controlling the loudness gain curve, the preset knee threshold value characterizes smoothness of the loudness gain curve when the loudness threshold value is preset, and the audio loudness gain formula is as follows:
in the audio loudness gain calculation formula, T and W are the preset loudness threshold and the preset knee threshold respectively, X sc Is a target audio loudness value;
partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset time delay, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each partition, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset time delay to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time;
Adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve;
the obtaining an output gain compensation curve according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time by a smooth gain method comprises the following steps:
dividing the smooth loudness gain curve into a plurality of attack segments and release segments according to the curve slope in the smooth loudness gain curve;
in each attack section, obtaining an output gain compensation curve through an attack smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time and attack retention time;
and in each release section, obtaining the output gain compensation curve through a release smooth gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset release time and a release retention time.
2. The method of loudness adjustment of an audio signal according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a loudness gain curve from an audio loudness gain formula based on the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold, and a preset knee threshold, comprises:
Obtaining a target audio loudness value through an audio loudness gain formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value;
and calculating the difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
3. The method for loudness adjustment of audio signals according to claim 1, wherein calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset delay time to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve includes:
calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, and searching a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the average loudness gain value by a loudness gain value fall method;
shifting the second loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve by the preset time delay time, and calculating a third loudness gain value according to the second loudness gain value shifted by the preset time delay time in the smooth loudness gain curve and the first loudness gain value;
Calculating an average value of the second loudness gain value and the third loudness gain value to obtain a fourth loudness gain value;
carrying out smoothing processing on the loudness gain curve through a preset order index smoothing algorithm according to the first loudness gain value and the fourth loudness gain value to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
the calculating the average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, and searching the first loudness gain value and the second loudness gain value according to the average loudness gain value by a loudness gain value fall method includes:
calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each block, setting the loudness gain value which is larger than the average loudness gain value in the loudness gain curve as a positive loudness gain value, and setting the loudness gain value which is not larger than the average loudness gain value in the gain curve as a negative loudness gain value;
and sequentially calculating the product of the loudness gain values corresponding to the front sampling point and the rear sampling point in the gain curve to obtain a loudness gain product value, and determining a first loudness gain value and a second loudness gain value according to the gain product value.
4. The method for loudness adjustment of an audio signal according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the output gain compensation curve by the attack smoothing gain method according to the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, the preset attack time and the attack retention time includes:
calculating attack reservation sampling points according to preset attack reservation time;
setting initial values of the first comparison parameter, the second comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter as a first preset value, a second preset value and a third preset value respectively, and setting initial values of output gain compensation values corresponding to the second comparison parameter as preset smooth loudness gain initial values;
comparing a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve and the attack sampling parameter with an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number respectively;
if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the output gain compensation value and the attack sampling parameter is not greater than the attack retention sampling point number, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and taking the output gain compensation value as an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter;
If the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value and the attack sampling parameter is greater than the attack reserved sampling point number, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining the output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter through an attack smooth gain formula according to preset attack time;
and adding 1 to the first comparison parameter and the attack sampling parameter, and returning to the step of comparing a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve and the attack sampling parameter with an output gain compensation value corresponding to the second comparison parameter and the attack retention sampling point number respectively until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison end value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison end value so as to obtain an output gain compensation curve.
5. A method of loudness adjustment of an audio signal according to claim 1 wherein the adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation values in the output gain compensation curve comprises:
performing linear conversion on the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve;
Multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted output gain compensation value to adjust the loudness of the original audio signal.
6. A loudness adjustment device for an audio signal, comprising:
a first calculation unit, configured to obtain an original audio signal, and perform linear conversion on the original audio signal by using an audio loudness conversion formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal, where the audio loudness conversion formula is X db =20×log10 (abs (data)), where X db For audio loudness values, data is an original audio signal, and abs (data) is an absolute value of the original audio signal;
the second calculating unit is configured to obtain a loudness gain curve according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value through an audio loudness gain formula, where the preset loudness threshold value is a maximum loudness gain value used for controlling the loudness gain curve, the preset knee threshold value characterizes smoothness of the loudness gain curve when the loudness threshold value is preset, and the audio loudness gain formula is as follows:
in the audio loudness gain formula, T and W are the preset loudness threshold and the preset knee threshold respectively, X sc Is a target audio loudness value;
the smooth processing unit is used for partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset time delay, calculating an average loudness gain value corresponding to the loudness gain curve of each partition, and carrying out smooth processing on the loudness gain curve according to the average loudness gain value and the preset time delay to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
the third calculation unit is used for obtaining an output gain compensation curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, preset attack time, attack retention time, release time and release retention time;
an adjusting unit for adjusting the loudness of the original audio signal according to the gain compensation value in the output gain compensation curve;
wherein the third computing unit includes:
the dividing unit is used for dividing the smooth loudness gain curve into a plurality of attack sections and release sections according to the curve slope in the smooth loudness gain curve;
the attack smoothing unit is used for obtaining an output gain compensation curve in each attack section through an attack smoothing gain method according to a preset smoothing loudness gain initial value, preset attack time and attack retention time;
And the release smoothing unit is used for obtaining the output gain compensation curve through a release smoothing gain method according to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, a preset release time and a release retention time in each release section.
7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program, the processor, when executing the computer program, implementing a method of loudness adjustment of an audio signal according to any one of claims 1-5.
8. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of loudness adjustment of an audio signal according to any one of claims 1-5.
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