CN114459777B - Electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device - Google Patents
Electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114459777B CN114459777B CN202210031363.6A CN202210031363A CN114459777B CN 114459777 B CN114459777 B CN 114459777B CN 202210031363 A CN202210031363 A CN 202210031363A CN 114459777 B CN114459777 B CN 114459777B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive performance loading test device for an electric wheel, which comprises a movable rack, wherein a vertical load loading module, a lateral load loading module and a lower swing arm fixing module are arranged on the rack, and the vertical load loading module is used for simulating vertical jump of the electric wheel caused by vertical load when the electric wheel runs on a road surface; the side load loading module is used for generating a side force through a steering generation method and applying a side load to the electric wheel; the lower swing arm fixing module is used for realizing the function of three-way adjustment of the lower swing arm and realizing the universality of the test bed on different vehicle types; the gantry is connected to a chassis dynamometer. Compared with the prior art, the test device has the advantages of simple and compact structure and wide application range, and can effectively and reliably perform various tests such as driving and braking performance test, NVH performance test, electric wheel durability test, electric wheel assembly action test under combined load action and the like of the electric wheel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile performance testing, in particular to an electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device.
Background
The four-wheel drive is a unique development direction of the electric automobile, the drive motor is arranged on the wheel hub to form electric wheel direct drive, and the wheel rotating speed can be directly controlled through a wire control electronic control technology, so that the effect of four-wheel steering differential speed is achieved. Compared with the traditional automobile, the four-wheel drive electric automobile has the characteristics of simple structure and high-efficiency transmission, and has unique advancement in the aspects of power source configuration, motor drive, transmission, chassis and even automobile body technology.
The electric wheel module is a key component of an electric automobile driven by an in-wheel motor, and the performance and reliability of the electric wheel module are important factors for determining the performance of the whole automobile. In the electric wheel module, a hub motor and a braking system are arranged in a driving wheel to form an electric wheel assembly which is directly driven in a wheel or driven in a speed reduction way in the wheel, and the loaded complicated load in each direction is different from the electric driving system of the traditional centralized driving electric automobile, so that the test method of the traditional motor system cannot be simply used. In fact, regarding the performance test and test evaluation of the electric wheels, no applicable test protocol and evaluation method are available at present.
At present, car rotary drum test bench at home and abroad is mainly to the whole car of traditional structure, electric wheel drive electric automobile based on in-wheel motor electric wheel module, by in-wheel motor direct mount at rim internal surface direct drive wheel motion, structurally have very big difference with traditional car, wherein in-wheel motor is key component wherein, various vertical power that the wheel received, lateral force and moment of torsion etc. all are born by the motor, consequently, the life-span and the durability of each spare part of in-wheel motor are very crucial. If the traditional automobile drum test bed is used, the change of the parameters cannot be correctly reflected, so that the existing automobile test bed is not suitable for the test and research of the electric wheel module, and a special test bed needs to be designed to test and detect the hub motor driving system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a comprehensive performance loading test device for an electric wheel, so as to test the comprehensive performance of the driving performance, the braking performance, the NVH performance and the durability of the electric wheel.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a comprehensive performance loading test device for an electric wheel comprises a movable rack, wherein a vertical load loading module, a lateral load loading module and a lower swing arm fixing module are mounted on the rack, and the vertical load loading module is used for simulating vertical jump of the electric wheel caused by vertical load when the electric wheel runs on a road surface; the side load loading module is used for generating a side force through a steering generation method and applying a side load to the electric wheel; the lower swing arm fixing module is used for realizing the function of three-direction adjustment of the lower swing arm and realizing the universality of the test bed on different vehicle types; the gantry is connected to a chassis dynamometer.
Further, the vertical load loading module is installed at the top of the rack and comprises a servo motor, a ball screw and a pressure plate which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the lower end of the pressure plate is connected with a damping connecting plate through a pressure sensor, and the lower end of the damping connecting plate is connected with the upper dead center of a damper spring in the electric wheel suspension.
Further, servo motor passes through motor cabinet fixed mounting on the rack, servo motor is connected with ball screw's one end through the shaft coupling, ball screw's the other end passes through lead screw supporting seat fixed mounting on the rack.
Further, the pressurizing plate and the damping connecting plate are respectively connected to a sliding mechanism, the sliding mechanism is installed on the rack, the sliding mechanism comprises a sliding rail and a sliding block, the sliding rail is installed on the rack, and the sliding block slides up and down along the sliding rail.
Further, side direction load loading module is located the below of vertical load loading module, side direction load loading module installs the both sides at the rack, side direction load loading module includes loading electric cylinder, bulb seat, tie rod and knuckle, loading electric cylinder fixed mounting is on the rack, the integration of loading electric cylinder is installed electric cylinder lead screw and driving motor, the end that stretches out of electric cylinder lead screw is connected with the one end of bulb seat, the other end of bulb seat is connected to the tie rod, the tie rod is connected with the knuckle, under the driving motor effect, generates the yawing force through turning to exert side direction load to electronic round.
Furthermore, a thread is processed at the extending end of the electric cylinder screw rod, and the extending end of the electric cylinder screw rod is connected with the ball head seat through a bushing.
Further, the loading electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the rack through an L-shaped support.
Further, the lower swing arm fixing module is installed at the bottom of the rack and comprises two symmetrically arranged fixing seats, one end of each fixing seat is connected with a longitudinal sliding rail, the longitudinal sliding rail is connected with a cross groove sliding block, the cross groove sliding block is connected with a vertical sliding rail, and the vertical sliding rail is installed on the side face of the rack;
the front side of the fixing seat is provided with a transverse sliding rail, a transverse sliding block is arranged in the transverse sliding rail, and the transverse sliding block is connected with the lower swing arm of the electric wheel through a connecting plate.
Furthermore, the rear side of the fixed seat is connected with a movable workbench, a base of the movable workbench is installed on a rack, two sets of screw nut mechanisms are installed on the movable workbench in a combined mode, the two sets of screw nut mechanisms are respectively connected with a longitudinal hand wheel and a vertical hand wheel, and when the longitudinal hand wheel is rotated, the screw nut mechanisms connected with the longitudinal hand wheel drive the movable workbench to move back and forth; when the vertical hand wheel is rotated, the screw rod nut mechanism connected with the vertical hand wheel drives the movable workbench to move up and down.
Further, the rack comprises a support main body, an upper cover plate is installed at the top of the support main body and connected with the vertical load loading model, the lower portion of the upper cover plate is connected with the support main body through reinforcing ribs, and casters are installed at the bottom of the support main body.
Compared with the prior art, the vertical load loading module, the lateral load loading module and the lower swing arm fixing module are arranged on the rack, and the vertical load loading module is used for simulating vertical jumping of the electric wheel under vertical load when the electric wheel runs on a road surface; generating a lateral force by a lateral load loading module through a steering generation method, and applying a lateral load to the electric wheel; the lower swing arm fixing module is utilized to realize the function of three-direction adjustment of the lower swing arm, can adapt to suspensions in various forms, simulate loads in different directions, and adjust the dynamic and static loads, and is suitable for different vehicle types; the stand is used with a chassis dynamometer in a matching way. Therefore, the comprehensive performance test device capable of effectively and reliably testing various performances such as driving performance, braking performance, NVH performance, durability and the like of the electric wheel is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vertical load loading module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a side load loading module;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the lower swing arm fixing module;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the lower swing arm fixing module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the gantry;
the symbols in the figure illustrate: 1. servo motor, 2, upper cover plate, 3, shaft coupling, 4, motor base, 5, ball screw, 6, screw nut, 7, pressure plate, 8, slider, 9, screw support base, 10, slide rail, 11, pressure sensor, 12, damping connecting plate, 13, damper, 14, vertical slide rail, 15, cross slot slider, 16, longitudinal slide rail, 17, fixing base, 18, connecting plate, 19, transverse slider, 20, transverse slide rail, 21, mobile workbench, 22, reinforcing rib, 23, support body, 24, truckle, 25, loading electric cylinder, 26, electric cylinder screw, 27, bush, 28, ball head base, 29, steering cross pull rod, 30, steering knuckle.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the device for testing the comprehensive performance loading of the electric wheel comprises a vertical load loading module, a lateral load loading module, a lower swing arm fixing module and a rack, wherein the vertical load loading module is used for simulating vertical jumping of the electric wheel caused by vertical load when the electric wheel runs on a road surface; the side load loading module is used for generating a side force through a steering generation method and applying a side load to the electric wheel; the lower swing arm fixing module is used for realizing the function of three-way adjustment of the lower swing arm and realizing the universality of the test bed on different vehicle types; the rack is a main body frame of the whole test device and is used for providing installation positions for the vertical load loading module, the lateral load loading module and the lower swing arm fixing module, supporting, providing a moving function during disassembly and assembly in actual use and a fixing function during test, and realizing the matched use with the chassis dynamometer.
Specifically, the vertical load loading module comprises a servo motor 1, a ball screw 5, a pressurizing plate 7, a pressure sensor 11, a slider-slide mechanism (comprising a slider 8 and a slide rail 10) and a damping connecting plate 12. Wherein, servo motor 1 is located the top, fixes on the rack through motor cabinet 4 with the bolt to be connected with ball screw 5 through shaft coupling 3, realize that the rotation of motor shaft drives ball screw 5 and rotates. The other end of the ball screw 5 is fixed on the rack through a screw support seat 9 by bolts, so that the ball screw cannot move and only can rotate; the screw nut 6 is fixedly connected with the pressurizing plate 7 through a bolt, can not rotate and can only move, and along with the rotation of the ball screw 5, the screw nut 6 drives the pressurizing plate 7 to move up and down. The lower end of the pressurizing plate 7 is connected with a damping connecting plate 12 through a pressure sensor 11 to measure the vertical pressure. The lower end of the shock-absorbing connecting plate 12 is connected with the top dead center of a shock-absorber spring in the suspension, and a vertical load is applied to the electric wheel through the shock absorber 13. In addition, the two ends of the pressure plate 7 and the shock absorption connecting plate 12 are fixedly connected with the sliding block 8 through bolts, the sliding block 8 slides up and down along a sliding rail 10 installed on the rack, the sliding block is restrained to move only along the vertical direction, and partial force and moment generated by the offset of the shock absorber 13 are borne.
In practical application, the vertical load loading module can simulate vertical static and dynamic loads, the servo motor 1 for controlling the loads can simulate vertical jumping under actual working conditions through programming, and the servo motor 1 can output required static loads or dynamic loads through computer programming.
The side load loading module comprises a loading electric cylinder 25, a ball socket 28, a tie rod 29 and a knuckle 30. The loading electric cylinder 25 integrates a set of ball screw mechanism and driving motor, and is fixed on the L-shaped support, and the extending end of the electric cylinder screw 26 is processed with screw thread and connected with the ball head seat 28 through a bushing 27. The other end of the ball cup 28 is connected to a tie rod 29, and the other end of the tie rod 29 is connected to a knuckle 30. In operation, the driving motor rotates to drive the electric cylinder screw 26 to move back and forth, thereby driving the tie rod 29 to rotate the knuckle 30 to rotate along the steering sleeve, and during driving, side corners are generated, so that a side force is generated.
The lower swing arm fixing module comprises two longitudinal slide rails 16, two vertical slide rails 14, two cross-groove slide blocks 15, two transverse slide rails 20, two transverse slide blocks 19, two connecting plates 18, two fixing seats 17 and a movable workbench 21. Wherein, two longitudinal slide rails 16 are respectively installed at the left and right outer sides of the two fixing seats 17 through bolts, and the longitudinal slide rails 16 can move back and forth along the longitudinal sliding grooves in the cross slot sliding block 5. At the same time, the cross slot slide 5 can move up and down along a vertical slide rail 14 mounted on the base of the gantry. Two connecting points on the lower swing arm of the electric wheel are respectively connected with two connecting plates 18 through bushings, the two connecting plates 18 are respectively connected with two transverse sliding blocks 19, and the transverse sliding blocks 19 can move left and right along a transverse sliding rail 20 arranged on a fixed seat 17. Thus, the hard point connected with the lower swing arm of the Macpherson suspension has the freedom of moving in the vertical, left, front and rear directions.
When the degree of freedom of the lower swing arm fixing module is adjusted, the sliding friction force of the transverse sliding rail 20 is small, the transverse sliding block 19 can be manually adjusted by unscrewing the locking bolt during left-right adjustment, and the adjustment resistance in the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction is large, so that the adjustment is realized by means of the movable workbench 21. The movable worktable 21 is combined with two sets of feed screw nut mechanisms which are respectively connected with a longitudinal hand wheel and a vertical hand wheel so as to realize the movement of the movable worktable 21 along the upper, lower, front and rear directions. The lower base of the movable workbench 21 is fixed on the rack base through a bolt, and the longitudinal hand wheel is rotated, so that the screw and nut mechanism drives the movable workbench 21 to move back and forth; and the vertical hand wheel is rotated, and the screw nut mechanism drives the movable workbench 21 to move up and down. The two movable working tables 21 are respectively connected with the two fixed seats 17 through bolts, and when the adjustment is needed, the positions of the fixed seats 17 can be adjusted by rotating the vertical hand wheel and the longitudinal hand wheel.
The rack support comprises an upper cover plate 2, a reinforcing rib 22, a support main body 23 and four casters 24 (the embodiment adopts Fuma wheels), wherein the upper cover plate 2 and the support main body 23 are connected with the reinforcing rib 22 through bolts, and the rack casters 24 and the support main body 23 are connected through bolts. The upper cover plate 2 is connected with the slide rail 10 of the vertical load loading module through a bolt, two sides of the support main body 23 are connected with the vertical slide rail 14 of the lower swing arm fixing module through a bolt, and the bottom plate part of the support main body 23 is connected with the movable workbench 21 through a bolt.
In practical application, the comprehensive performance loading test device for the electric wheel is matched with a rotary drum test room for use, longitudinal force is provided for the electric wheel by combining with a single rotary drum, different drum surfaces can be replaced by the single rotary drum, and different road surface excitations are generated.
The electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device can test various performances, including a driving brake test, a chassis angle system vibration noise test, an electric wheel assembly action test under the action of combined load, an electric wheel durability test and the like.
The electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device is adjustable in hard point three directions, adaptable to various forms of suspensions, capable of simulating loads in different directions, adjustable in dynamic and static loads and wide in application range.
Compared with the prior art, the test bed has the advantages of compact arrangement, simple structure and wide application range, solves the problem that the existing test bed is not suitable for the four-wheel drive electric vehicle, and can effectively and reliably test the comprehensive performance of the electric wheels.
Claims (6)
1. The device for testing the comprehensive performance loading of the electric wheel is characterized by comprising a movable rack, wherein a vertical load loading module, a lateral load loading module and a lower swing arm fixing module are arranged on the rack, and the vertical load loading module is used for simulating vertical jumping of the electric wheel caused by vertical load when the electric wheel runs on a road surface; the side load loading module is used for generating a side force through a steering generation method and applying a side load to the electric wheels; the lower swing arm fixing module is used for realizing the function of three-direction adjustment of the lower swing arm and realizing the universality of the test bed on different vehicle types; the stand is connected to a chassis dynamometer;
the vertical load loading module is installed at the top of the rack and comprises a servo motor (1), a ball screw (5) and a pressure plate (7) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the lower end of the pressure plate (7) is connected with a damping connecting plate (12) through a pressure sensor (11), and the lower end of the damping connecting plate (12) is connected with the spring upper dead point of a damper (13) in the electric wheel suspension;
the lateral load loading module is positioned below the vertical load loading module, the lateral load loading module is installed on two sides of a rack, the lateral load loading module comprises a loading electric cylinder (25), a ball head seat (28), a steering tie rod (29) and a steering knuckle (30), the loading electric cylinder (25) is fixedly installed on the rack, the loading electric cylinder (25) is integrally provided with an electric cylinder lead screw (26) and a driving motor, the extending end of the electric cylinder lead screw (26) is connected with one end of the ball head seat (28), the other end of the ball head seat (28) is connected to the steering tie rod (29), the steering tie rod (29) is connected with the steering knuckle (30), and under the action of the driving motor, lateral force is generated through steering so as to apply lateral load to the electric wheel;
the lower swing arm fixing module is installed at the bottom of the rack and comprises two fixing seats (17) which are symmetrically arranged, one ends of the fixing seats (17) are connected with longitudinal sliding rails (16), the longitudinal sliding rails (16) are connected with cross groove sliding blocks (15), the cross groove sliding blocks (15) are connected with vertical sliding rails (14), and the vertical sliding rails (14) are installed on the side faces of the rack;
a transverse sliding rail (20) is installed on the front side of the fixed seat (17), a transverse sliding block (19) is installed in the transverse sliding rail (20), and the transverse sliding block (19) is connected with a lower swing arm of the electric wheel through a connecting plate (18);
the rear side of the fixed seat (17) is connected with a movable workbench (21), the base of the movable workbench (21) is installed on a rack, two sets of feed screw nut mechanisms are installed on the movable workbench (21) in a combined mode, the two sets of feed screw nut mechanisms are respectively connected with a longitudinal hand wheel and a vertical hand wheel, and when the longitudinal hand wheel is rotated, the feed screw nut mechanisms connected with the longitudinal hand wheel drive the movable workbench (21) to move back and forth; when the vertical hand wheel is rotated, a screw rod nut mechanism connected with the vertical hand wheel drives the movable workbench (21) to move up and down.
2. An electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the servo motor (1) is fixedly mounted on the rack through a motor base (4), the servo motor (1) is connected with one end of the ball screw (5) through a coupling (3), and the other end of the ball screw (5) is fixedly mounted on the rack through a screw support base (9).
3. The electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressurizing plate (7) and the shock absorption connecting plate (12) are respectively connected to a sliding mechanism, the sliding mechanism is mounted on a rack, the sliding mechanism comprises a sliding rail (10) and a sliding block (8), the sliding rail (10) is mounted on the rack, and the sliding block (8) slides up and down along the sliding rail (10).
4. The electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the extending end of the electric cylinder lead screw (26) is threaded, and the extending end of the electric cylinder lead screw (26) is connected with the ball seat (28) through a bushing (27).
5. The electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading electric cylinder (25) is fixedly mounted on a rack through an L-shaped support.
6. The electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rack comprises a support main body (23), an upper cover plate (2) is installed on the top of the support main body (23), the upper cover plate (2) is connected with a vertical load loading model, the lower part of the upper cover plate (2) is connected with the support main body (23) through a reinforcing rib (22), and a caster (24) is installed on the bottom of the support main body (23).
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CN202210031363.6A CN114459777B (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device |
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CN202210031363.6A CN114459777B (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Electric wheel comprehensive performance loading test device |
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CN114459777B true CN114459777B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101639407B (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2011-04-06 | 同济大学 | Multifunctional test bed for electric wheel |
CN103234766A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-08-07 | 同济大学 | Adjustable electric wheel suspension system vibration and noise testing bench |
CN106092598B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2019-02-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of Electric Motor Wheel experimental provision and method with turning function |
CN107192563B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2023-04-07 | 安徽工程大学 | Test bed for electric wheel suspension system of hub-driven electric automobile |
JP6963945B2 (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2021-11-10 | Toyo Tire株式会社 | Tire test equipment and tire test method |
CN111397924A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-07-10 | 东风德纳车桥有限公司 | Multi-axis fatigue test device for independent suspension module |
CN212110599U (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-12-08 | 上海捷亦汽车服务有限公司 | Automobile tire rotating hub test equipment |
CN112985849B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2024-05-14 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Fatigue test equipment for simulating road test of automobile chassis |
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