CN114454056A

CN114454056A - Multi-station synchronous near-net forming method and device for space revolving body

Info

Publication number: CN114454056A
Application number: CN202110745092.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖罡; 仪传明; 杨钦文; 李时春; 戴璐祎; 刘旭飞
Original assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangxi College of Application Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-06-30
Filing date: 2021-06-30
Publication date: 2022-05-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of a space revolving body, which comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a workbench, an electric hydraulic push rod, a material increase module, a grinding material reduction module, a laser material reduction module and the like, wherein an inner base and an upper base of the fixed base are positioned on a lower base; the end part of the workbench can move up and down relative to the first upright post, and the workbench inclines due to unequal upward or downward movement displacements of different end parts; the material increasing module and the material reducing grinding module can synchronously and horizontally move relative to a gantry crane beam. The invention has the advantage of compact structure.

Description

Multi-station synchronous near-net forming method and device for space revolving body

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of laser processing equipment, in particular to a multi-station synchronous near-net forming method and device for a space revolving body.

Background

In traditional laser processing equipment, carry out increase material processing earlier, subtract material processing again, increase and decrease material processing can not accomplish simultaneously, need go up unloading operation and relocation again, though there is partial increase and decrease material equipment complex at present, but there is the interference problem between each station, leads to increase and decrease material equipment complex to have certain limitation.

With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry in China, the customization demand of novel mechanical equipment is increasing day by day, and the structural integration and structural complexity degree of various parts are continuously improved. Meanwhile, in the aspect of processing high-performance complex parts, various requirements such as customization, high precision, high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, integration and integration are correspondingly provided. This provides a broad platform for development and technological improvement for additive/subtractive composite manufacturing techniques.

In order to further improve the processing precision and the surface quality of the additive forming part, a grinding processing link is required to be arranged in the material reducing process of the additive/material reducing composite manufacturing equipment. Moreover, a large amount of abrasive dust is generated during grinding, and under the condition that the sealing performance of the transmission system is insufficient, key transmission components such as a ball screw and a guide rod of the equipment are easy to accumulate abrasive dust and are seriously worn (at the moment, the abrasive dust acts as abrasive particles), so that the subsequent working precision of the equipment and the service life of the transmission system of the equipment are seriously influenced.

The existing desktop type increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing equipment lacks the consideration of protecting the inert gas in the laser material increasing process. At present, a large proportion of high-performance complex parts are all made of metal materials, and the metal materials have relatively high requirements on oxidation resistance of a specific gas environment in the process of laser additive rapid forming. Therefore, when the workpiece raw material is made of a metal material, the metal material is easily oxidized due to the lack of the protection of inert gas in the laser material increasing process, so that the forming quality of the metal material is influenced, and the method is narrow in application range and not suitable for processing the metal material. In addition, when the material is ground and cut, the splashed metal material may cause a safety hazard to an operator. The additive processing equipment of the existing additive/subtractive composite manufacturing equipment is only used for forming and manufacturing a specific or appointed material, and the consideration of composite material parts is lacked. In particular to the material reducing processing link, which is really developed comprehensively in diversity and diversification. Generally, the material reducing part is only used for cutting (mainly milling) of a certain face in the material forming process. For part of complex parts, the parts need to be further ground after material increasing/reducing processing, but the material reducing function is not complete, so that the flexibility of the material reducing processing is lower under special working conditions. In summary, the existing material increasing/decreasing composite manufacturing technology and equipment design still have many defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multi-station synchronous near-net forming method and a device for a space revolving body.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a multi-station synchronous near-net forming device for a space revolving body comprises a fixed base, a first upright post, a gantry crane, a workbench, an electric hydraulic push rod, a material increasing module, a laser material reducing module and a grinding material reducing module, wherein the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane beam and gantry crane upright posts, the gantry crane beam is positioned above the workbench, and the gantry crane upright posts are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam; the fixed base comprises an inner base, an upper base and a lower base, the inner base and the upper base are positioned on the lower base, the upper base is sleeved outside the inner base, a first driving mechanism is arranged in the fixed base, the upper base rotates relative to the inner base under the driving of the first driving mechanism, the gantry crane upright is fixed on the upper base, and the workbench and the first upright are arranged on the inner base; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench are respectively and correspondingly provided with the first upright posts, the first upright posts are internally provided with second driving mechanisms for driving the end parts of the workbench to move up and down, the second driving mechanisms are connected with the end parts of the workbench through electric hydraulic push rods, and the different end parts of the workbench do not move up or down differently, so that the workbench inclines; a third driving mechanism is arranged in the gantry crane beam and used for driving the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam, and the material increasing module and the grinding material reducing module respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on parts on the workbench; the laser material reducing module is connected to the lower part of the gantry crane beam and is used for reducing the material of the side surface of a part on the workbench; and a fourth driving mechanism for driving the gantry crane beam to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright column.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

the device further comprises a ball pin seat, one end of the electric hydraulic push rod is connected with one end of the workbench, a ball pin is arranged at the other end of the electric hydraulic push rod, the ball pin is connected with one end of the ball pin seat in a matched mode, and the other end of the ball pin seat is connected with a second driving mechanism.

At least two ends of the workbench are provided with extension rods, and the extension rods are connected with the push rod ends of the electric hydraulic push rods in a matched mode.

The second driving mechanism comprises a second motor, a second supporting seat, a second ball screw and a second screw connecting piece, the second ball screw is vertically arranged, the second motor is used for driving the second ball screw to rotate, the second supporting seat is supported at two ends of the second ball screw, the second screw connecting piece is sleeved outside the second ball screw, and the second screw connecting piece extends to the outside of the first stand from the inside of the first stand and is connected with the ball pin seat.

The second lead screw connecting piece is connected with the ball pin base.

The lower base comprises an inner boss and an outer boss arranged at an interval with the inner boss, the space between the outer boss and the inner boss is an accommodating space, an inner gear is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the upper base, the inner gear and a first driving mechanism are located in the accommodating space, the first driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor and a first driving gear connected to the output end of the first driving motor, and the first driving gear and the inner gear are in meshing transmission.

The grinding material reducing module comprises a grinding wheel upright post, a small grinding wheel, a grinding wheel motor, a grinding wheel swing shaft and a grinding wheel swing post, wherein the small grinding wheel is located outside the grinding wheel upright post and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, the grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel swing shaft and the grinding wheel swing post are located in the grinding wheel upright post, the grinding wheel motor drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing post are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft and the small grinding wheel.

The grinding material cutting module further comprises two conical gears which are in meshed transmission with each other, one of the conical gears is fixed on the grinding wheel swinging shaft, and the grinding wheel motor drives one of the conical gears to rotate so as to drive the grinding wheel swinging shaft to rotate.

The bottom of the grinding wheel upright post is provided with a wedge-shaped groove.

And two ends of the grinding wheel swinging shaft are fixed on the inner side wall of the grinding wheel upright post.

The vibration material disk piece includes the laser head, send a first to send the raw materials to the laser head below to melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to combined working table upper surface of laser head just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a first, satisfies 0 < alpha < 90.

The third driving mechanism comprises a third motor, a third supporting seat, a third ball screw and a coupler, the third ball screws with opposite rotating directions are horizontally arranged and are connected through the coupler, the third motor is used for driving the third ball screw to rotate, the third supporting seat is supported at the end part of the third ball screw, and the material adding module and the material grinding and reducing module are respectively sleeved on the two third ball screws.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a processing method of the multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space revolving body, which comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench, starting an additive module to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, conveying raw materials to the position below the additive module, melting the raw materials in the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten pool on the workpiece, starting a grinding and material reducing module to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench, the additive module and the grinding and material reducing module, moving the additive module upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting additive processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench, the material adding module and the material reducing module by grinding comprise the following modes:

mode A: opening a first driving mechanism to drive an upper base to rotate so as to drive a gantry crane beam to rotate;

mode B: starting a second driving mechanism to drive the workbench to incline;

mode C: starting a third driving mechanism to drive the material increasing module and the material grinding and reducing module to synchronously and horizontally move;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel of the grinding material reduction module until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; and

adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module, and starting the laser material reducing module to emit laser to reduce the material on the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving the additive module upwards comprise: and opening a fourth driving mechanism in the gantry crane upright column to drive the gantry crane beam to move upwards.

The near-net forming of the invention means that after the material is increased or decreased for one-time manufacturing and processing, only a small amount of processing is needed for the parts or no more processing is needed, and the final requirements of the needed parts are nearly met after the material is directly manufactured for one time, and the material can be directly used as a mechanical component.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, the material adding module and the grinding material reducing module synchronously move horizontally and the workbench moves obliquely, the first driving mechanism drives the gantry crane beam to rotate, the fourth driving mechanism drives the gantry crane beam to move up and down, and the material is reduced from the side surface of the laser material reducing module, so that the requirement of multi-directional processing of complex parts is met, various complex parts with different forms of curved surfaces can be processed, especially space revolving body parts with curved central shafts, the rotation of grinding wheels is reduced by swinging of grinding wheel shafts of the grinding material reducing module, the side walls of parts at any angle can be attached under the rotation of the grinding material reducing module, the constraint of complex structure parts on the traditional grinding process is relieved, and the production flexibility of equipment is further improved.

2. The invention designs the air-tight protective cover (namely the outer cover) with proper size performance, pays attention to the integral air tightness and protection performance of the equipment, ensures the integral air tightness of the device while completely not influencing the stability of a transmission system, is suitable for forming and processing various material parts capable of being processed by laser additive materials including metal materials, has extremely strong work adaptability aiming at diversified processing objects, and greatly expands the working service range of the equipment. The outer cover is isolated from the external environment, and can form a protective gas environment in a negative pressure state, so that the safety of operators is protected while the high-temperature oxidation of materials is prevented.

3. This device is for once installation increase and decrease material synchronous processing, compares with traditional multistation substep installation processing mode, and this equipment has saved dismantlement many times and installation work piece to and steps such as artifical transport work piece, greatly shortened operating time, improved work efficiency, reduced time cost and cost of labor.

4. The device adopts a desktop design, has a small integral structure and limited occupied space, can save a large amount of position space in work, and simultaneously has higher portability and flexibility, thereby realizing greater popularization in production.

5. During the operation of the device, the working moving path of each processing part is shorter, so that the whole processing flow is shortened, the production period of the workpiece is further shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Under the processing advantages of short flow and short period, the energy consumed by the equipment in producing a single part is synchronously reduced along with the reduction of the production period, so the energy consumption period in the part production process is correspondingly shortened, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low emission are indirectly met.

6. The material increasing module and the material reducing module are modularized devices, so that the device is simple and convenient to replace and maintain. The device adopts the paraxial wire feeding laser melting additive manufacturing technology (the additive module is provided with a wire feeding head and a laser head, and the wire feeding head and the laser head are provided with included angles) to be compounded with the grinding wheel grinding technology (small grinding wheels for grinding the additive module and the like), the production flexibility is high, and the device has extremely high conformity with the mixed flow assembly line which is widely applied in the current manufacturing industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention (with the cover removed).

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane beam and a fourth driving mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth driving mechanism and a gantry crane upright.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the third drive mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a gantry crane beam.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the ground material module.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the grinding stock removal module (grinding wheel post removed).

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser material reducing module.

Fig. 10 is a top view of the stationary base.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 10.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the upper base and the first drive mechanism.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the upper base.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the lower base.

Fig. 15 is a top view of the lower base.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of parts such as the inner base, the workbench and the first upright post.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the inner base, the table and the first column (with the column cover of the first column partially removed).

Figure 19 is a top view of the inner base, table and first upright etc.

Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 19.

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of the table.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the electro-hydraulic push rod and the second lead screw connection.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser material reducing module.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a part capable of being processed at one time according to the invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a fixed base; 101. an inner base; 102. a lower base plate; 103. an upper base; 1031. a roller support; 1032. an internal gear; 1033. an upper cover; 104. a lower base; 1041. an inner boss; 1042. an outer flange; 10421. a sliding track; 105. a sliding roller; 2. a housing; 3. a first upright post; 4. a gantry crane; 41. a gantry crane beam; 411. a beam cover; 412. a beam housing; 413. a support plate; 414. a mounting cavity; 42. a gantry crane upright post; 5. a work table; 51. an extension rod; 6. an electric hydraulic push rod; 61. a ball stud; 7. an additive module; 71. a laser head; 72. feeding a filament head; 73. laser joint; 74. a material increase slide block; 75. laser upright post; 8. grinding and cutting the material module; 81. a small grinding wheel; 82. a grinding wheel column; 821. a wedge-shaped groove; 84. a column joint; 85. a grinding wheel motor; 86. a grinding wheel swing shaft; 87. a grinding wheel swing column; 88. a bevel gear; 89. a material reducing slide block; 9. a first drive mechanism; 91. a first drive gear; 92. a first drive motor; 12. a second drive mechanism; 121. a second motor; 122. a second support seat; 123. a second ball screw; 124. a second lead screw connector; 23. a wire feeding module; 26. a material fixing mechanism; 261. a small roller; 262. a small roller support; 31. a third drive mechanism; 311. a third motor; 312. a third support seat; 313. a third ball screw; 314. a third lead screw nut; 315. a coupling; 50. a fourth drive mechanism; 5001. a fourth motor; 5002. a fourth supporting seat; 5003. a fourth ball screw; 5004. a fourth lead screw connector; 24. a ball pin seat; 70. laser subtracts material module.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise indicated, the instruments or materials employed in the practice of the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 23, the multi-station synchronous near-net forming device for the space revolving body comprises a fixed base 1, a first upright post 3, a gantry crane 4, a workbench 5, an electric hydraulic push rod 6, an additive module 7, a laser material reducing module 70 and a grinding material reducing module 8, wherein the gantry crane 4 comprises a gantry crane beam 41 and a gantry crane upright post 42, the gantry crane beam 41 is positioned above the workbench 5, and the gantry crane upright posts 42 are positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam 41; the fixed base 1 comprises an inner base 101, an upper base 103 and a lower base 104, the inner base 101 and the upper base 103 are positioned on the lower base 104, the upper base 103 is sleeved outside the inner base 101, a first driving mechanism 9 is arranged in the fixed base 1, the upper base 103 rotates relative to the inner base 101 under the driving of the first driving mechanism 9, a gantry crane upright column 42 is fixed on the upper base 103, and the workbench 5 and the first upright column 3 are arranged on the inner base 101; the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench 5 are respectively and correspondingly provided with a first upright post 3, a second driving mechanism 12 for driving the end part of the workbench 5 to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post 3, the second driving mechanism 12 is connected with the end part of the workbench 5 through an electric hydraulic push rod 6, and the displacement of different end parts of the workbench 5 moving up or down is unequal, so that the workbench 5 is inclined; a third driving mechanism 31 is arranged in the gantry crane beam 41, the third driving mechanism 31 is used for driving the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam 41, and the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on parts on the workbench 5; the laser material reducing module 70 is connected to the lower part of the gantry crane beam 41 and used for reducing the material of the side surface of a part on the workbench 5, and a fourth driving mechanism 50 for driving the gantry crane beam 41 to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane column 42.

In the invention, the end part of the working table 5 is driven to move upwards or downwards by the second driving mechanism 12 in the first upright post 3, the second driving mechanism 12 respectively controls the displacement of different end parts of the working table 5, and when the displacements are unequal, the working table 5 tilts.

As shown in fig. 3-4, the fourth driving mechanism 50 includes a fourth motor 5001, a fourth supporting seat 5002, a fourth ball screw 5003, and a fourth screw connector 5004, the fourth ball screw 5003 is vertically disposed, the fourth motor 5001 is configured to drive the fourth ball screw 5003 to rotate, the fourth supporting seat 5002 is supported at an end of the fourth ball screw 5003, the fourth screw connector 5004 is sleeved outside the fourth ball screw 5003, and the fourth screw connector 5004 extends from inside the gantry crane column 42 to outside the gantry crane column 42 and is connected to an end of the gantry crane beam 41.

The movement of the gantry crane beam 41 in the vertical direction is controlled by a fourth ball screw 5003 in the gantry crane column 42. The gantry crane beam 41 drives the material increasing module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 to move up and down in the vertical direction under the fixing and driving action of the fourth screw rod connecting pieces 5004 on the two sides. In this embodiment, the fourth driving mechanism 50 is located at the upper half of the gantry crane column 42, and the fourth motor 5001 is a servo motor and drives two fourth ball screws 5003 respectively. An upright post inner hole is formed in the upper half part of the upright post 42 of the gantry crane, the fourth driving mechanism 50 is located in the upright post inner hole, a front groove for the fourth screw rod connecting piece 5004 to pass through is formed in one side, close to the cross beam 41 of the gantry crane, of the upright post 42, the front groove is communicated with the upright post inner hole, the front groove and the fourth ball screw rod 5003 are arranged in a staggered mode, and grinding dust is prevented from directly entering the front groove to affect transmission of the fourth driving mechanism 50. The inner hole of the upright post is divided into two parts by a horizontally arranged partition plate, one part accommodates the fourth motor 5001, and the other part accommodates other important parts of the fourth driving mechanism 50.

As shown in fig. 5, the third driving mechanism 31 includes a third motor 311, a third support seat 312, a third ball screw 313 and a coupling 315, the two third ball screws 313 with opposite rotation directions are horizontally disposed and connected by the coupling 315, the third motor 311 is configured to drive the third ball screw 313 to rotate, the third support seat 312 is supported at an end of the third ball screw 313, and the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 are respectively sleeved on the two third ball screws 313.

In this embodiment, the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 share the same third driving mechanism 31 of the same gantry crane beam 41. When the third motor 311 is activated, the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 move closer to or away from each other, and move toward or away from each other as a whole. Each third driving mechanism 31 includes two third ball screws 313 and third screw nuts 314, the additive module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 are respectively assembled on the two third ball screws 313 with opposite rotation directions, the grinding material reducing module 8 is respectively installed on the two horizontal screws through the third screw nuts 314, and the rotation directions of the two third screw nuts 314 are opposite (the rotation directions of the third screw nuts 314 and the respective third ball screws 313 are the same). The third motor 311 drives one of the third ball screws 313 to rotate, and transmits torque to the other horizontal screw through the coupling 315. When the third motor 311 rotates forward, the two third screw nuts 314 on the third ball screw 313 gradually approach each other; when the third motor 311 rotates in the reverse direction, the two third screw nuts 314 of the third ball screw 313 are gradually separated. The gantry crane beam 41 is connected with a third ball screw 313 through a third motor 311 in a transmission manner, and two third screw nuts 314 which are matched in a reverse manner are controlled to move in opposite directions, so that the linkage effect of the material increasing module 7 and the material grinding and reducing module 8 is realized.

In other embodiments, two third driving mechanisms 31 are adopted on the same gantry crane beam 41 to drive the additive material module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively, the third ball screws 313 of the two third driving mechanisms 31 rotate in opposite directions, and the movement of the additive material module 7 or the grinding material reducing module 8 in the horizontal direction is controlled by the third motor 311 in the gantry crane beam 41. Two groups of third driving mechanisms 31 are arranged in one gantry crane beam 41 and used for controlling the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 respectively, and compared with the method that the same third driving mechanism 31 is adopted to drive the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 simultaneously, the two groups of third driving mechanisms 31 reduce the bearing capacity of each third ball screw 313, the load bearing capacity of the gantry crane column 42 is improved, and the positioning accuracy and stability in the process of working are enhanced.

As shown in fig. 6, the gantry crane beam 41 includes a beam housing 412 and a beam cover 411, an installation cavity 414 for installing the third driving mechanism 31 is provided in the beam housing 412, and a support plate 413 for supporting the coupler 315 is vertically provided in the installation cavity 414.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the grinding material cutting module 8 includes a grinding wheel column 82, a small grinding wheel 81 located outside the grinding wheel column 82 and used for milling or grinding the side surface of the workpiece, and a grinding wheel motor 85, a grinding wheel swing shaft 86 and a grinding wheel swing column 87 located inside the grinding wheel column 82, wherein the grinding wheel motor 85 drives the horizontally arranged grinding wheel swing shaft 86 to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel 81 to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column 87 are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft 86 and the small grinding wheel 81.

The grinding material reducing module 8 further comprises an upright post joint 84, two conical gears 88 and a material reducing sliding block 89 which are in meshed transmission with each other, the material reducing sliding block 89 is connected with a third lead screw nut 314, the upper end of the upright post joint 84 is connected with the material reducing sliding block 89, the lower end of the upright post joint 84 is connected with the grinding wheel upright post 82, a grinding wheel motor 85 is coaxial with one conical gear 88, the other conical gear 88 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel upright post 82 through a transversely arranged grinding wheel swinging shaft 86, the grinding wheel swinging shaft 86 is vertically connected with the grinding wheel swinging post 87, and the lower end of the grinding wheel swinging post 87 is connected with the small grinding wheel 81. In other embodiments, the material reducing sliding block 89 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the through hole is directly sleeved outside the third ball screw 313, and the material reducing sliding block 89 passes through the gantry crane beam 41 from the third ball screw 313 to be connected with the column joint 84. The bottom of the grinding wheel column 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 821, which not only ensures the rotation of the small grinding wheel 81, but also plays a certain sealing role.

The laser upright column 75 and the grinding wheel upright column 82 are in modular design, and are convenient to install, maintain and replace.

As shown in fig. 9, the additive module 7 includes a laser head 71 and a wire feeding head 72, the wire feeding head 72 feeds the raw material to a position below the laser head 71 for melting, a laser emission direction of the laser head 71 is perpendicular to an upper surface of the worktable 5 and forms an included angle α with a wire feeding direction of the wire feeding head 72, and the included angle α satisfies 0 < α < 90 °.

The material increase module 7 further comprises a laser joint 73, a material increase slider 74 and a laser upright post 75, wherein the material increase slider 74 is connected and matched with a third lead screw nut 314, the laser joint 73 is connected between the material increase slider 74 and the laser upright post 75, and a laser head 71 and a wire feeding head 72 are located below the laser upright post 75. In other embodiments, the additive slider 74 is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a thread, the additive slider 74 is directly sleeved on the third ball screw 313, and the additive slider 74 passes through the gantry crane beam 41 from the third ball screw 313 to be connected with the laser joint 73.

As shown in FIG. 5, a material fixing mechanism 26 is arranged above the material inlet of the wire feeding head 72, the material fixing mechanism 26 comprises a small roller bracket 262 and two small rollers 261, and the two small rollers 261 are supported on the small roller bracket 262 for positioning the raw material wires. And a round groove with the size equivalent to that of the wire is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261 of the sizing mechanism 26, so that the accuracy is enhanced.

When the laser emitter emits laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of a workpiece, the wire feeding module 23 synchronously feeds wires, and materials are fed into the molten pool, so that the processing efficiency is improved, and the synchronous wire feeding during material increase processing is realized. A small roller 261 is arranged on the wire feeding head 72, a round groove equivalent to wires is arranged in the middle of the small roller 261, accuracy is enhanced, and wire feeding holes for raw wires to pass through are formed in the upper portion of the wire feeding head 72 below the two small rollers 261.

As shown in fig. 12 to 13, a roller support 1031 is disposed on an outer side wall of the upper base 103, the roller support 1031 is used for supporting the slide roller 105, the slide roller 105 slides on the slide rail 10421, an upper cover 1033 is disposed on an upper portion of the upper base 103, the upper cover 1033 is disposed on the outer flange 1042 and separates the slide roller 105 and the slide rail 10421 from the outside, and abrasive dust is prevented from entering the slide rail 10421.

As shown in fig. 14 to 16, the lower base 104 includes an inner boss 1041 and an outer flange 1042 spaced from the inner boss 1041, a space between the outer flange 1042 and the inner boss 1041 is a receiving space, an inner gear 1032 is disposed on an inner side of a bottom of the upper base 103, the inner gear 1032 and the first driving mechanism 9 are located in the receiving space, the first driving mechanism 9 includes a first driving motor 92 and a first driving gear 91 connected to an output end of the first driving motor 92, and the first driving gear 91 and the inner gear 1032 are in meshing transmission, in this embodiment, the upper base 103 is annular, so as to realize a rotational movement of the upper base 103 relative to the lower base 104. In the invention, the upper base 103 is positioned above the lower base 104 and covers the lower base 104, so that the accommodating space is isolated from the outside, the transmission mechanism of the upper base 103 is prevented from being influenced by abrasive dust, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 20, the fixing base 1 further includes a lower plate 102, and the lower plate 102 is located between the inner base 101 and the inner boss 1041 to provide support for the inner base 101.

As shown in fig. 17-20, the second driving mechanism 12 includes a second motor 121, a second support seat 122, a second ball screw 123 and a second screw connecting member 124, the second ball screw 123 is vertically disposed, the second motor 121 is configured to drive the second ball screw 123 to rotate, the second support seat 122 is supported at two ends of the second ball screw 123, the second screw connecting member 124 is sleeved outside the second ball screw 123, and the second screw connecting member 124 extends from the inside of the first upright 3 to the outside of the first upright 3 and is connected to the ball pin seat 24.

In this embodiment, the first column 3 has a column front groove on one side close to the workbench 5, the column front groove is used for the second screw rod connecting piece 124 to pass through, the column front groove is communicated with the inner hole of the first column 3, and the column front groove and the second ball screw 123 are arranged in a staggered manner, so as to prevent the grinding dust from affecting the transmission of the second driving mechanism 12.

As shown in fig. 21, the table 5 is provided with extension bars 51 at least at both ends thereof, and the extension bars 51 are connected to the ball pin base 24. In this embodiment, four first columns 3 are included, each first column 3 is provided with a second driving mechanism 12 for driving four ends of the working table 5, the second driving mechanisms 12 independently drive the extending rods 51 of the corresponding working table 5, and the working table 5 is inclined at different angles by moving different extending rods 51 at different distances in the height direction. In other embodiments, the worktable 5 may be provided with different numbers of the extension rods 51 to achieve different inclination angles according to the complexity of the parts.

As shown in fig. 20, the device further includes a ball pin seat 24, one end of the electric hydraulic push rod 6 is connected with one end of the workbench 5, the other end is provided with a ball pin 61, the ball pin 61 is connected with one end of the ball pin seat 24 in a matching manner, and the other end of the ball pin seat 24 is connected with the second driving mechanism 12.

In this embodiment, a ball stud 61 is disposed at a fixed end of the electro-hydraulic push rod 6 near the second lead screw connector 124, the ball stud 61 is matched with the ball pin seat 24, and the second lead screw connector 124 is connected with the ball pin seat 24. When a revolving body part, particularly a bent pipe revolving body part is manufactured, after the second driving mechanism 12 is driven to incline the workbench 5, the actual revolving central axis line can deviate from the preset central axis, the workbench 5 is pushed by the electric hydraulic push rod 6, and the position of the workbench 5 is finely adjusted, so that the actual central axis line is superposed with the preset central axis line.

According to the invention, through the tilting motion of the workbench 5, the rotating motion of the gantry crane beam 41, the synchronous horizontal motion of the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8, the material reducing processing of the side surface of the laser material reducing module 70 and the reasonable matching of the angle alpha adjustment of the laser head 71 and the wire feeding head 72 in the material adding module 7, the material adding module 7 and the grinding material reducing module 8 only need to perform short-distance horizontal movement on the gantry crane beam 41 (the two modules can perform synchronous linkage and can also perform respective independent motion, and the relative motion mode is very flexible), and the real-time synchronous processing of two material adding stations and two material reducing stations (the two stations keep the distance of half revolution period of the revolution body, and no additional station adjustment) of a complex structural part can be effectively realized. The synchronous processing mode can flexibly and efficiently finish high-precision material reduction processing of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of a complex structural member, strictly controls the height of the mass center of the whole equipment to improve the stability under the reasonable motion matching and transmission arrangement design of independent control of multiple degrees of freedom, basically realizes gapless fusion of two stations, saves a large amount of working hours and energy consumption required by station conversion, further shortens the processing flow and the production period, and highlights the advantages of short flow and near-net forming of the synchronous composite processing method of multi-station integration.

As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a housing 2, wherein the housing 2 is fixed on the fixed base 1 and separates the grinding material reduction module 8 and the material increase module 7 of the workbench 5 from the outside. In this embodiment, unable adjustment base 1 top cover is equipped with dustcoat 2, has seted up on dustcoat 2 and has put the thing mouth (not shown in the figure), puts and installs the thing door of putting that can close and open the thing mouth on putting the thing mouth. In this embodiment, dustcoat 2 is the translucent cover, is convenient for observe the behavior of core unit, and on the other hand, dustcoat 2 is used for sealed protection core unit, and operational environment and external environment in isolated equipment improve processingquality and operating personnel security.

The outer cover 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for vacuumizing or introducing protective gas into the outer cover 2. In this embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively and oppositely disposed on the sidewall of the housing 2 and respectively disposed near the upper portion and the lower portion of the housing 2. Generally, inert gas or protective gas such as carbon dioxide is heavier than air, an air inlet is arranged at the lower part, an air outlet is arranged at the upper part, slow air inlet is kept during the processing, and the inside of the outer cover 2 is in a negative high-pressure state.

A wire feeding module 23 is arranged above the gantry crane beam 41, and the wire feeding module 23 is a large wire feeding roller and is arranged at the upper part of a gantry crane upright post 42.

As shown in fig. 23, the laser material reducing module 70 includes a material reducing laser head and a material reducing support member at two end portions of the gantry crane beam 41, one end of the material reducing support member is connected to the gantry crane beam 41, the other end of the material reducing laser head is connected to the material reducing laser head, the material reducing laser head can rotate on the YZ plane relative to the material reducing support member, an angle between a laser emission direction of the material reducing laser head and a horizontal direction is in a range of-90 ° to 90 °, and can perform laser material reduction on a place where the material reducing module 8 cannot be ground, especially when the outer surface of a target product has a groove with a downward opening and the surface of the groove needs to be reduced.

When the outer surface of the target product is provided with a groove or a side hole with a downward opening and the surface of the groove needs to be subjected to material reduction, the laser emission direction of the material reduction laser head is adjusted, and the material reduction laser head is opened to emit laser to perform laser material reduction processing on the side surface of the workpiece.

The invention relates to a processing method of a multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of a space revolving body, which comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench 5, starting a material increase module 7 to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module 7, melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the raw materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module 8 to synchronously reduce the material of the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 5, the material increase module 7 and the grinding material reduction module 8, moving the material increase module 7 upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench 5 and the additive material module 7 and the grinding and material reducing module 8 comprise the following modes:

mode A: starting the first driving mechanism 9 to drive the upper base 103 to rotate so as to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to rotate;

mode B: the second driving mechanism 12 is started to drive the workbench 5 to incline;

mode C: starting a third driving mechanism 31 to drive the material increasing module 7 and the material reducing grinding module 8 to synchronously move horizontally;

the material reducing processing specifically comprises: rotating the small grinding wheel 81 of the grinding material cutting module 8 until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side surface of the workpiece to grind the side surface of the workpiece; and

adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module 70, and starting the laser material reducing module 70 to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific steps of moving additive module 7 upward include: and opening a fourth driving mechanism 50 in the gantry crane upright post 42 to drive the gantry crane beam 41 to move upwards.

The invention can process the space revolving body part with the central axis in curve space, even the space revolving body part with the central axis of the multi-axial crankshaft at one time, in particular to the space revolving body with the side hole or the groove needing to be ground, the typical part structure schematic diagram is shown in figure 24, figure 24(a) is the part three-dimensional structure schematic diagram, and figure 24(b) is the part front view.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a synchronous nearly net shaper of multistation of space solid of revolution which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed base (1), a first upright post (3), a gantry crane (4), a workbench (5), an electric hydraulic push rod (6), a material increasing module (7), a laser material reducing module (70) and a grinding material reducing module (8), wherein the gantry crane (4) comprises a gantry crane beam (41) and a gantry crane upright post (42), the gantry crane beam (41) is positioned above the workbench (5), and the gantry crane upright post (42) is positioned at two ends of the gantry crane beam (41);

the fixed base (1) comprises an inner base (101), an upper base (103) and a lower base (104), the inner base (101) and the upper base (103) are located on the lower base (104), the upper base (103) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner base (101), a first driving mechanism (9) is arranged in the fixed base (1), the upper base (103) rotates relative to the inner base (101) under the driving of the first driving mechanism (9), a gantry crane upright (42) is fixed on the upper base (103), and the workbench (5) and the first upright (3) are arranged on the inner base (101);

the outer sides of at least two end parts of the workbench (5) are respectively provided with the first upright post (3), a second driving mechanism (12) for driving the end part of the workbench (5) to move up and down is arranged in the first upright post (3), the second driving mechanism (12) is connected with the end part of the workbench (5) through an electric hydraulic push rod (6), and the different end parts of the workbench (5) move up or down with unequal displacement, so that the workbench (5) is inclined;

a third driving mechanism (31) is arranged in the gantry crane beam (41), the third driving mechanism (31) is used for driving the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move relative to the gantry crane beam (41), and the material increasing module (7) and the grinding material reducing module (8) respectively perform material increasing processing and material reducing processing on parts on the workbench (5); the laser material reducing module (70) is connected to the lower part of the gantry crane beam (41) and is used for reducing the material of the side surface of a part on the workbench (5);

and a fourth driving mechanism (50) for driving the gantry crane beam (41) to move up and down is arranged in the gantry crane upright post (42).

2. The multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space revolving body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device further comprises a ball pin seat (24), one end of the electric hydraulic push rod (6) is connected with one end of the workbench (5), a ball pin (61) is arranged at the other end of the electric hydraulic push rod, the ball pin (61) is connected with the ball pin seat (24), and the other end of the ball pin seat (24) is connected with a second driving mechanism (12).

3. The multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space revolving body according to claim 2, characterized in that: at least two ends of the workbench (5) are provided with extension rods (51), and the extension rods (51) are connected with the push rod ends of the electric hydraulic push rods (6) in a matched mode.

4. The multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space revolving body according to claim 2, characterized in that: second actuating mechanism (12) include second motor (121), second supporting seat (122), second ball (123) and second screw connecting piece (124), second ball (123) vertical setting, second motor (121) are used for driving second ball (123) rotatory, second supporting seat (122) support at second ball (123) both ends, second screw connecting piece (124) cover is established outside second ball (123), second screw connecting piece (124) extend to outside first stand (3) and are connected with ball round pin seat (24) in first stand (3).

5. The multi-station synchronous near-net-shape forming device of the space revolving body according to claim 4, characterized in that the second screw connecting member (124) is connected with the ball pin seat (24).

6. The multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space rotary body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the lower base (104) comprises an inner boss (1041) and an outer flange (1042) arranged at an interval with the inner boss (1041), the space between the outer flange (1042) and the inner boss (1041) is a containing space, an inner gear (1032) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the upper base (103), the inner gear (1032) and a first driving mechanism (9) are located in the containing space, the first driving mechanism (9) comprises a first driving motor (92) and a first driving gear (91) connected to the output end of the first driving motor (92), and the first driving gear (91) and the inner gear (1032) are in meshing transmission.

7. The multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space rotary body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the grinding material reducing module (8) comprises a grinding wheel upright post (82), a small grinding wheel (81) which is positioned outside the grinding wheel upright post (82) and used for milling or grinding the side face of a workpiece, a grinding wheel motor (85), a grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and a grinding wheel swing column (87) which are positioned in the grinding wheel upright post (82), wherein the grinding wheel motor (85) drives the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) horizontally arranged to rotate so as to drive the small grinding wheel (81) to swing, and the upper end and the lower end of the grinding wheel swing column (87) are respectively connected with the grinding wheel swing shaft (86) and the small grinding wheel (81).

8. The multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space rotary body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the vibration material disk module (7) includes laser head (71), send a first (72) of silk to send the raw materials to laser head (71) below and melt, the laser emission direction perpendicular to combined working platform upper surface of laser head (71) just is contained angle alpha with the direction of sending a silk of sending a first (72), satisfies 0 < alpha < 90 degrees.

9. The multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of the space rotary body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the third driving mechanism (31) comprises a third motor (311), a third supporting seat (312), a third ball screw (313) and a coupler (315), the third ball screws (313) with opposite rotation directions are horizontally arranged and are connected through the coupler (315), the third motor (311) is used for driving the third ball screws (313) to rotate, the third supporting seat (312) is supported at the end part of the third ball screws (313), and the material adding module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) are respectively sleeved on the two third ball screws (313).

10. A machining method of a multi-station synchronous near-net forming device of a space rotary body according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

placing a workpiece on a workbench (5), starting a material increase module (7) to emit laser to generate a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, sending raw materials to the position below the material increase module (7), melting the raw materials at the molten pool under the action of the laser and solidifying the molten materials on the workpiece, starting a grinding material reduction module (8) to synchronously reduce the side surface of the solidified workpiece, changing the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (5), the material increase module (7) and the grinding material reduction module (8), moving the material increase module (7) upwards after a preset thickness layer is reached, and starting material increase processing of the next thickness layer;

the relative positions of the workpiece on the workbench (5), the additive module (7) and the grinding and material reducing module (8) comprise the following modes:

mode A: a first driving mechanism (9) is started to drive an upper base (103) to rotate so as to drive a gantry crane beam (41) to rotate;

mode B: starting a second driving mechanism (12) to drive the workbench (5) to incline;

mode C: starting a third driving mechanism (31) to drive the material increasing module (7) and the material grinding and reducing module (8) to synchronously and horizontally move;

the material reducing machining specifically comprises: rotating a small grinding wheel (81) of the grinding material cutting module (8) until the small grinding wheel is attached to the side face of the workpiece to grind the side face of the workpiece; and

adjusting the laser emission direction of the laser material reducing module (70), and starting the laser material reducing module (70) to emit laser to reduce the material of the side surface of the workpiece;

the specific step of moving the additive module (7) upwards comprises: and opening a fourth driving mechanism (50) in the gantry crane upright post (42) to drive the gantry crane beam (41) to move upwards.