CN114452955A - 污水处理用带电载体吸附剂、处理装置及其应用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种污水处理用带电载体吸附剂、处理装置及其应用方法,由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:铁矿粉18~25份、活性炭10~15份、多孔径硅材料8~12份、三氧化二铝分子筛7~10份、沸石分子筛9~12份、天然稀土8~10份、聚丙烯酰胺1~2份、蒸馏水8~15份、硅胶15~25份、聚乙二醇8~10份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5~15份、聚氧乙烯醚系表面活性剂1~3份、明矾8~12份、氢氧化钾2~3份。本发明带电粒子吸附能力强,可以吸附重金属,用药量少,处理效果良好,性能稳定,受污染的污水恢复程度高,可有效地降低了处理剂的成本同时,易于沉淀分离、加速吸附后的污泥沉淀速度,并且,可以减少药剂在分装,运输和使用过程的扬尘问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于污水处理领域,具体涉及一种污水处理用带电载体吸附剂、处理装置及其应用方法。
背景技术
目前,传统的水处理方法,如吸附法、混凝法、活性污泥法等。活性炭是一种多孔性的含碳物质,其高度发达的孔隙结构使它具有庞大的表面积,所以很容易与水或者空气中的有毒污染物充分接触,这种高度发达的孔隙结构构成了一个强大吸附力场,赋予了活性炭特有的吸附性能,从而达到吸附、净化的作用。
但在实际处理这些难降解有机污染物时均存在着一定的困难,处理效果尚不理想,并且,目前市场上的作为吸附药剂使用的粉末活性炭,存在诸多问题,例如投加过程中容易产生大量粉尘,吸附对象较为单一,吸附完成后不容易沉淀分离等缺点。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的存在缺陷,本发明提供一种污水处理用带电载体吸附剂,由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:
铁矿粉18~25份、活性炭10~15份、多孔径硅材料8~12份、三氧化二铝分子筛7~10份、沸石分子筛9~12份、天然稀土8~10份、聚丙烯酰胺1~ 2份、蒸馏水8~15份、硅胶15~25份、聚乙二醇8~10份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5~15份、聚氧乙烯醚系表面活性剂1~3份、明矾8~12份、氢氧化钾 2~3份;
所述原料以铁矿粉为载体造粒后,经等离子体反应器的放电电极之间的流道产生带电载体吸附剂。
铁矿粉作为一种载体与原料混合后,颗粒混料中混铁粒子,经过等离子体反应器电极之间产生带电离子,同时反应器电离空气生成杀菌灭菌活性物质,提高吸附剂的杀菌能力。具有带电粒子的吸附剂可以吸附污水中的重金属颗粒,提升了吸附对象的种类、数量,用药量少,处理效果良好,性能稳定,受污染的污水恢复程度高,可有效地降低了处理剂的成本。
硅铝及沸石等复合多种多孔隙材料,可以增大吸附剂工作对象的范围,同时,这些材料比重比活性炭大,易于沉淀分离,同时,加入聚丙烯酰胺也有利于加速吸附后的污泥沉淀速度。
进一步地,所述吸附剂由以下具体步骤制成:
步骤(1):将活性炭、多孔径硅材料、三氧化二铝分子筛、沸石分子筛、天然稀土、聚丙烯酰胺进行干燥,冷却后粉碎研磨成粉末待用;
步骤(2):将上述粉末进行搅拌,在搅拌过程中将蒸馏水以喷雾的形式加入到粉末中并搅拌均匀;
步骤(3):将硅胶、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚混匀,放置反应釜中,热处理后过滤制得高分子纳米球;
步骤(4):将高分子纳米球与上述粉末、聚氧乙烯醚系表面活性剂、明矾、氢氧化钾混合均匀,接着,进行振荡处理,进行烘干造粒,最后经过等离子体反应器的反应筒中得到用于污水处理的带电载体吸附剂。
加入适量蒸馏水,可以减少药剂在分装,运输和使用过程的扬尘问题,喷雾形式会提高混合均匀性。
在混合均匀后进行造粒,不仅保证吸附剂的使用效果,而且使得吸附剂在进行废水处理时更加方便。
进一步地,在步骤(1)中,所述干燥过程采用的设备为烘箱,且干燥的温度为120℃、干燥时间为10~15h。保证烘干速度和效果。
进一步地,在步骤(1)中,所述粉碎研磨后的粉末粒径为15~25μm。
进一步地,所述搅拌过程采用的设备为干粉搅拌机。
进一步地,在步骤2中,所述振荡处理采用超声振荡处理方式,且超声振荡处理的功率为750W,时间为35分钟。保证振荡处理的速度和效果。
进一步地,在步骤2中,所述烘干造粒的温度为0~5℃。
进一步地,经过等离子体反应器的反应筒中的时间为15~20s。
时间过短产生的带电粒子不充分,时间过长会导致高温对吸附剂性能的影响。
本发明还提供了一种污水处理用带电载体吸附剂的处理装置,用于电离吸附剂,包括绝缘筒体,以及设置在绝缘筒体中的一对平行的板状电极,所述每个板状电极外侧设置有循环冷却液箱体,所述箱体绝缘设置;所述电极之间接入直流电源;所述筒体顶部设置有漏斗型进料口,底部设置有倒漏斗形出料口。
绝缘筒体可以保证电极之间的放电条件,同时能够耐高温,直流电源保证了持续的电离产生。
本发明提供一种污水处理用吸附剂应用方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:将所述吸附剂在搅拌状态下加入待处理的污水中,且吸附剂的用量与污水的比为5~10g/L,在常温下,PH=2~10进行吸附反应;
步骤S2:反应完成后进行重力沉降,并进行固液分离,分离出固体杂质,得到处理出水。
本发明的有益效果是:带电粒子吸附能力强,可以吸附重金属,处理工艺简单,用药量少,处理效果良好,性能稳定,受污染的污水恢复程度高,可有效地降低了处理剂的成本,具有很好的经济效益和广泛的社会效益,同时,易于沉淀分离、加速吸附后的污泥沉淀速度,并且,可以减少药剂在分装,运输和使用过程的扬尘问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明电离处理装置的示意简图。
1-绝缘筒体;2-阴极;3-阳极;4-循环冷却液箱。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的阐述,所述的实施例仅为本发明一部分的实施例,这些实施例仅用于解释本发明,对本发明的范围并不构成任何限制。
实施例一:
本发明提供一种污水处理用吸附剂,由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:
铁矿粉18~25份、活性炭10~15份、多孔径硅材料8~12份、三氧化二铝分子筛7~10份、沸石分子筛9~12份、天然稀土8~10份、聚丙烯酰胺1~ 2份、蒸馏水8~15份、硅胶15~25份、聚乙二醇8~10份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5~15份、聚氧乙烯醚系表面活性剂1~3份、明矾8~12份、氢氧化钾 2~3份。
进一步地,所述吸附剂由以下具体步骤制成:
步骤(1):将活性炭、多孔径硅材料、三氧化二铝分子筛、沸石分子筛、天然稀土、聚丙烯酰胺进行干燥,冷却后粉碎研磨成粉末待用;
步骤(2):将上述粉末进行搅拌,在搅拌过程中将蒸馏水以喷雾的形式加入到粉末中并搅拌均匀;
步骤(3):将硅胶、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚混匀,放置反应釜中,热处理后过滤制得高分子纳米球;
步骤(4):将高分子纳米球与上述粉末、聚氧乙烯醚系表面活性剂、明矾、氢氧化钾混合均匀,接着,进行振荡处理,进行烘干造粒,最后经过等离子体反应器的反应筒中得到用于污水处理的带电载体吸附剂。
进一步地,在步骤(1)中,所述干燥过程采用的设备为烘箱,且干燥的温度为120℃、干燥时间为10~15h。
进一步地,在步骤(1)中,所述粉碎研磨后的粉末粒径为15~25μm。
进一步地,所述搅拌过程采用的设备为干粉搅拌机。
进一步地,在步骤2中,所述振荡处理采用超声振荡处理方式,且超声振荡处理的功率为750W,时间为35分钟。
进一步地,在步骤2中,所述烘干造粒的温度为0~5℃。
进一步地,经过等离子体反应器的反应筒中的时间为15~20s。
实施例二:
参见图1,本发明提供一种污水处理用带电载体吸附剂的处理装置,用于电离吸附剂,包括绝缘筒体1,以及设置在绝缘筒体1中的一对平行的板状电极,所述每个板状电极外侧设置有循环冷却液箱4,所述箱体绝缘设置;所述电极之间接入直流电源;所述筒体顶部设置有漏斗型进料口,底部设置有倒漏斗形出料口。
所述电极包括阴极2和阳极3,为导电耐高温的金属材料。
具体而言,所述循环冷却液箱4和绝缘筒体1均为石英玻璃或者陶瓷材料;循环冷却液箱4为两个,每个部分地包裹阴极2和阳极3以使得阴极2 和阳极3相对的面裸露。
循环冷却液箱4具有进液管和出液管。通过进液和出液可以快速带走热量,避免电极损坏。冷却液可以是水,也可以油类,优选油类或者纯净水。
实施例三:
本发明提供一种污水处理用吸附剂应用方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:将所述吸附剂在搅拌状态下加入待处理的污水中,且吸附剂的用量与污水的比为5~10g/L,在常温下,PH=2~10进行吸附反应;
步骤S2:反应完成后进行重力沉降,并进行固液分离,分离出固体杂质,得到处理出水。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许改动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种污水处理用带电载体吸附剂,其特征在于:由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:铁矿粉18~25份、活性炭10~15份、多孔径硅材料8~12份、三氧化二铝分子筛7~10份、沸石分子筛9~12份、天然稀土8~10份、聚丙烯酰胺1~2份、蒸馏水8~15份、硅胶15~25份、聚乙二醇8~10份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5~15份、聚氧乙烯醚系表面活性剂1~3份、明矾8~12份、氢氧化钾2~3份;
所述原料以铁矿粉为载体造粒后,经等离子体反应器的放电电极之间的流道产生带电载体吸附剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸附剂,其特征在于:所述吸附剂由以下具体步骤制成:
步骤(1):将活性炭、多孔径硅材料、三氧化二铝分子筛、沸石分子筛、天然稀土、聚丙烯酰胺进行干燥,冷却后粉碎研磨成粉末待用;
步骤(2):将上述粉末进行搅拌,在搅拌过程中将蒸馏水以喷雾的形式加入到粉末中并搅拌均匀;
步骤(3):将硅胶、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚混匀,放置反应釜中,热处理后过滤制得高分子纳米球;
步骤(4):将高分子纳米球与上述粉末、聚氧乙烯醚系表面活性剂、明矾、氢氧化钾、铁矿粉混合均匀,接着,进行振荡处理,进行烘干造粒,最后经过等离子体反应器的反应筒中得到用于污水处理的带电载体吸附剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的吸附剂,其特征在于:在步骤(1)中,所述干燥过程采用的设备为烘箱,且干燥的温度为120℃、干燥时间为10~15h。
4.根据权利要求3所述的吸附剂,其特征在于:在步骤(1)中,所述粉碎研磨后的粉末粒径为15~25μm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的吸附剂,其特征在于:在步骤(2)中,所述搅拌过程采用的设备为干粉搅拌机。
6.根据权利要求1所述的吸附剂,其特征在于:在步骤2中,所述振荡处理采用超声振荡处理方式,且超声振荡处理的功率为750W,时间为35分钟。
7.根据权利要求6所述的吸附剂,其特征在于:在步骤2中,所述烘干造粒的温度为0~5℃。
8.根据权利要求2所述的吸附剂,其特征在于:经过等离子体反应器的反应筒中的时间为15~20s。
9.一种污水处理用带电载体吸附剂的处理装置,其特征在于:用于电离权利要求1-8任一项所述的吸附剂,包括绝缘筒体,以及设置在绝缘筒体中的一对平行的板状电极,所述每个板状电极外侧设置有循环冷却液箱体,所述箱体绝缘设置;所述电极之间接入直流电源;所述筒体顶部设置有漏斗型进料口,底部设置有倒漏斗形出料口。
10.一种污水处理用吸附剂应用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:将权利要求1-8任一项所述吸附剂在搅拌状态下加入待处理的污水中,且吸附剂的用量与污水的比为5~10g/L,在常温下,PH=2~10进行吸附反应;
步骤S2:反应完成后进行重力沉降,并进行固液分离,分离出固体杂质,得到处理出水。
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