CN114444847A - Method for evaluating scheduling benefits of cooperative operation of drainage basin water-optical power station - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the efficiency of the coordinated operation scheduling of a basin water-light power station, and provides a method for calculating the utilization improvement rate of water-light complementary resources on the basis of the conventional water energy utilization improvement rate. The core of the improvement rate of the water-light complementary resource utilization lies in the calculation of the assessment electric quantity, the invention takes the conventional hydropower station dispatching diagram as the basis, comprehensively considers the channel capacity, the hydraulic power and the electric power constraint conditions, optimizes the dispatching lines one by one, draws the water-light optimal dispatching diagram, and provides the calculation method of the assessment electric quantity respectively aiming at hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations with different adjustment performances. The water-light complementary scheduling benefit evaluation index provided by the invention has clear theory and strong operability, overcomes the defect that a related scheduling benefit evaluation method is lacked in the field of basin water-light cooperative operation, and provides scientific benefit evaluation basis for dealing with the energy situation of large-scale wind-light grid connection in future in a multi-energy complementary scheduling mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a calculation method of a water-light power station collaborative operation scheduling benefit evaluation index in a scene that a water-light power pack is bundled and sent out.
Background
The photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of cleanness, environmental protection, inexhaustibility and the like, but belongs to energy sources with low energy density, poor stability and weak regulating capacity, is influenced by solar radiation and weather change, has the characteristics of volatility, intermittency and randomness, and will certainly impact the stable operation of a power grid if the photovoltaic power supply is connected to the power grid on a large scale in the future, so that the power grid peak regulation difficulty is further aggravated. The hydroelectric generating set has the advantages of rapid start and stop, flexible operation, fast peak regulation response and the like, and the reservoir has a certain storage capacity and belongs to clean energy with strong regulation capacity. In view of the above power generation characteristics of hydropower and new energy, the domestic clean energy complementation and coordination demonstration base is mainly built by a large-scale drainage basin, wind power and photovoltaic are distributed around the base area, the fluctuation of wind and photovoltaic output is stabilized by means of flexible adjustment capability of hydropower, and stable bundled output is formed and sent out through the same line, which is one of important comprehensive energy service business modes of current power generation enterprises.
Hydroenergy and light energy are used as clean and environment-friendly resources, the energy of the resources is utilized to the maximum extent, the water energy and light energy are necessary requirements for energy-saving power generation scheduling, and are also important components of a sustainable development strategy. The water-light complementary scheduling work is evaluated by refining indexes, and then improvement measures are searched, so that the optimized scheduling work level can be further improved, and the comprehensive utilization rate of water-light resources and the economic benefit of a power station are improved. After decades of development of hydropower stations, a series of evaluation indexes aiming at hydropower optimization scheduling success are formed, such as the utilization rate of hydroenergy, the utilization improvement rate of hydroenergy, the utilization coefficient of water, the utilization hours of installation, the water consumption rate and the like. The photovoltaic utilization condition is evaluated by the light rejection rate, the installed utilization hour and the like. In recent years, more and more water-light complementary bases are built successively, but the evaluation indexes aiming at the water-light complementary scheduling benefits are lacked, and the water-light coordinated operation is difficult to carry out objective evaluation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides an index calculation method which is reasonable in design and scientifically evaluates the basin water-light complementary scheduling benefit aiming at the current energy situation, provides a calculation method for the utilization improvement rate of water-light complementary resources, and provides a basis for developing basin water-light complementary scheduling work, wherein the evaluation index can reflect the scheduling effect of water-light complementary combined operation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a method for evaluating the dispatching benefit of the cooperative operation of a basin water photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the following steps: providing an index concept of the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources, wherein the index concept refers to that in a certain scheduling period, a scientific and reasonable power station assessment electric quantity is obtained through a water-light complementary optimization scheduling graph and the data of photovoltaic operation in the past year, and the percentage of the actual water-light generating capacity exceeding the assessment electric quantity in the assessment period is the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources; the core content of the index lies in the calculation of the assessment electric quantity, the maximum generated energy/maximum generating benefit of the water-light system is taken as a target, and a water-light optimization scheduling graph is drawn by adopting a dynamic programming successive approximation method; when the assessment electric quantity is calculated, the photovoltaic power station converts the ideal electric quantity, and the hydropower station calculates the generated energy through a water-light optimization scheduling graph or a water level control mode according to the water condition and the power station regulation performance.
When the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station are sent out through the same channel, on the premise of meeting the conditions of water balance, water level constraint, power station output constraint and the like, the conventional dispatching diagram of the hydropower station is optimized by adopting a dynamic programming successive approximation method with the goal of maximum power generation capacity or maximum power generation benefit of a water-optical system;
(1) objective function
a. When the dispatching target is that the generated energy of the water optical system is maximum:
in the formula: f1The total power generation of the water light system in the scheduling period, T is the number of the scheduling period, T is the total number of the periods contained in the scheduling period, and P is the total number of the periodst unionThe total output of the water-light complementary system in the t-th period, Pt hHydroelectric power output P for the t time period of the hydropower stationt sPredicting photovoltaic output for the jth time period of the photovoltaic power station j;
b. when the dispatching target is the maximum system power generation benefit:
in the formula: f2For the total power generation efficiency of the water-light system in the dispatching period, ct h、ct sUnit electricity prices of hydroelectric and photovoltaic power stations, respectively.
(2) Constraint conditions
The constraint conditions of the reservoir system of the hydropower station mainly comprise water quantity balance constraint, water level constraint, ex-warehouse flow constraint, power generation flow constraint and the like, and the power constraint comprises output constraint, conveying channel constraint and the like;
a. water balance constraint
Vt+1＝Vt+(It-Qt)*Δt
In the formula: vt+1、VtRespectively the storage capacity of the hydropower station at the end of the t +1 th time period and the t th time period, ItWarehousing flow rate, Q, for hydropower stations in the t-th time periodtThe flow rate of the hydropower station discharged from the reservoir in the t-th time period is delta t, and the unit time period interval is delta t;
b. reservoir level restriction
In the formula: ztFor the reservoir level of the hydropower station during the t-th period,
respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the reservoir water level of the hydropower station in the t-th time period;
c. end water level constraint
Zt＝ZT
In the formula: z is a linear or branched memberTScheduling an end-of-term reservoir level for a given hydropower station;
d. power generation flow restriction
In the formula:
generating flow, Q, for a hydropower station during a t-th time periode,min、Qe,maxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the generating flow of the hydropower station;
e. outbound flow constraint
In the formula:
respectively providing an upper limit and a lower limit of the ex-warehouse flow of the hydropower station in the t-th time period;
f. restraint of output
Pt h，min≤Pt h≤Pt h，max
Pt s，min≤Pt s≤Pt s，max
In the formula: pt h，min、Pt h，maxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the output, P, of the hydropower station in the t-th time periodt s，min、Pt s，maxRespectively representing the upper and lower output limits of the photovoltaic power station in the t-th time period;
g. transport path restraint
Pt h+Pt s≤Pmax
In the formula: pmaxThe upper limit of a water-light complementary system conveying channel is set;
h. non-negative constraint
All variables involved are greater than or equal to zero.
(3) Solving algorithm
S1, collecting actual operation data of a photovoltaic power station day by day over the year, eliminating data influenced by factors such as equipment faults, overhaul and power limitation, analyzing power generation characteristics of the photovoltaic power station at different time scales, and forming an annual typical load process;
s2, based on the original conventional scheduling graph of the hydropower station, scheduling lines are optimized from bottom to top, and the initial value of the time period of the first scheduling line is taken as a mark point Z0Dispersing the upper and lower equal micro increments delta d of the mark points, replacing the mark points with any one of the dispersed points, and fixing the rest of the mark points and the dispatching lines to form a new dispatching diagram;
s3, simulating an actual scheduling process according to a new scheduling graph by adopting hydropower station long series runoff data, calculating a target function according to a typical annual load process by photovoltaic output, replacing an original mark point with a discrete point corresponding to the maximum value of the generated energy or the generating benefit of the water-light system, and if the target value of the original mark point is maximum, maintaining the scheduling graph unchanged;
s4, optimizing the next mark point of the current dispatching line according to the method until the optimal points of all time periods in the dispatching line are obtained; considering the situation that the total output of water and light exceeds the capacity of a channel in some scenes in the current partial water and light complementary base, the forms of water abandonment, light abandonment or proportional electricity abandonment of different power supply groups and the like can be selected according to the consumption requirements of corresponding dispatching mechanisms of power generation enterprises when channel competition occurs in water and light power supplies;
s5, repeating the steps, optimizing the next dispatching line, performing a new round of iterative calculation until the optimization of all dispatching lines is completed, and recording the target value A after all punctuation optimization1；
S6, reducing the delta d, repeating S1-S4 until the delta d meets the target precision or the relative errors of the two target values meet the precision requirement, and ending the iteration;
the evaluation electric quantity calculation steps are as follows:
1) aiming at hydropower stations adjusted year by year and above, taking month or ten days as a calculation time period:
s1, reading calculation year time-interval QIn, t、γCore, t、KCore, t、Nt sThe first time interval is the actual water level, and the initial water level Z of the rest time intervalstThe last water level of the last period;
s2, obtaining the time interval average output N of hydropower according to the water-light complementary optimization scheduling grapht；
S3, comparing the water electric output NtTypical photovoltaic output N associated with this time periodt sIf the sum exceeds the channel capacity, calculating the hydroelectric output N after considering channel competition according to the proportion beta (beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1) of the hydroelectric to the total electricity abandont＝Nt-(Nt+Nt s-Pmax)*β；
S4, assuming that the ex-warehouse flow in the calculation time period is the maximum machine passing flow Q of the power stationOut, t＝Qfd,t＝Qmax；
S5, obtaining Z from the hydropower station water level reservoir capacity curvetCorresponding storage capacity VtObtaining the library capacity V at the end of the time interval by a water quantity balance equationt+1(ii) a Comparing whether the storage capacity exceeds the maximum and minimum storage capacity limits at the end of the time interval, if Vt+1＞Vmax,tLet Vt+1＝Vmax,tWill Vt+1-Vmax,tAsAmount of waste water, QOut, t＝Qfd,t+QDischarge, t(ii) a If Vt+1＜Vmin,tLet Vt+1＝Vmin,tInverse Q solving by water quantity balance equationOut, t；
S6, obtaining a curve V from the reservoir capacityt+1Corresponding time interval end reservoir water level Zt+1；
S7, obtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding downstream water level Zx,t；
S8, calculating a time interval water head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,t；
S9, obtaining H from a waterhead predicted output curveAll, tCorresponding expected output force NPre, t；
S10. load rate gamma in time intervalCore, tObtaining a time-interval adjustable output Nmax,t＝γCore, t×NPre, t；
S11, taking the minimum value to obtain a time interval assessment output NCore, t＝min(Nt,Nmax,t)；
S12, calculating the power generation flow
S13, if | Q'fd,t+QDischarge, t-QOut, tξ ≦ ξ (allowable error), then Q 'is recorded'fd,t、QOut, t、Vt+1、Zt+1Entering the next time period for iterative calculation; otherwise, re-assume QOut, t(adjustment strategy is suggested: Q is assumed againOut, t＝(Q′fd,t+QRun off, t+Qmax) /2), return to S5;
s14, after all time periods in the calculation period are calculated, the calculation is finished, and the water level Z of the reservoir at the end of each time period is outputt+1Average output N of each time intervalCore, t；
S15, checking the electric quantity to be the sum of the electric quantities in each time period, ECore＝∑(NCore, t×Δt)；
In the formula, QN, t: average warehousing traffic in a time interval; gamma rayCore, t: the time interval is checked to determine the load rate; kCore, t: checking and determining a comprehensive output coefficient; n is a radical oft s: photovoltaic typical output; zt: a time interval initial water level; n is a radical oft: dispatching graph output; qOut, t: average warehouse-out flow in a time interval; qfd,t: average generated flow in a time period; qmax: maximum flow of the power station; vt: time interval initial storage capacity; vt+1: the storage capacity at the end of the time interval; Δ t: hours of the session; vmin,t: a time period minimum storage capacity limit; vmax,t: time interval maximum storage capacity limit; qDischarge, t: average reject flow rate over a period of time; zt+1: water level at the end of time interval; zx,t: average tail water level over time; hAll, t: a time-interval average power generation head; n is a radical ofPre, t: force is predicted in a time interval; n is a radical ofmax,t: the maximum adjustable output in time period; n is a radical ofCore, t: checking the output in time intervals; eCore, t: checking the electric quantity in time intervals;
2) for hydropower stations regulated daily and below, the day is taken as the calculation period:
s1, reading calculation year time-interval QIn, t、γCore, t、KCore, tThe first time interval is the actual water level, and the initial water level Z of the rest time intervalstThe last water level of the last period;
s2, making the water level Z at the end of the time periodt+1The average value of the upper limit and the lower limit of the water level range in the time period is shown;
s3, obtaining V from the curve of the reservoir capacitytAnd Vt+1；
S4, calculating time interval warehouse-out flow Q by a water quantity balance equationOut, t；
S5, judging whether the warehouse-out flow exceeds the limit, if QOut, t<0, then QOut, tWhen the water quantity is balanced, the final storage capacity V is obtainedt+1Obtaining the final water level Z from the water level reservoir capacity curvet+1At this time Qfd,t＝0，NCore, t0; if 0 is less than or equal to QOut, t≤QmaxThen Q isfd,t＝QOut, tObtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding time interval average downstream water level Zx,tCalculating the time-interval average head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,tObtaining H from the predicted waterhead output curveAll, tCorresponding to NPre, t(ii) a ③ if QOut, t＞QmaxThen Q is assertedOut, t＝Qfd,t＝QmaxCalculating the final storage capacity V by the water balance equationt+1If V ist+1≤Vmax,tObtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding time interval average downstream water level Zx,tFrom V tot+1Checking the curve of reservoir capacity to obtain Zt+1Calculating the head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,tObtaining H from the predicted waterhead output curveAll, tCorresponding to NPre, t(ii) a If Vt+1＞Vmax,tThen order Vt+1＝Vmax,tObtaining the flow Q of delivery from the reservoir through water balanceOut, tCalculating flood discharge flow QDischarge, t＝QOut, t-Qfd,tObtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding time interval average downstream water level Zx,tFrom V tot+1Checking the curve of reservoir capacity to obtain Zt+1Calculating the head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,tObtaining H from the predicted waterhead output curveAll, tCorresponding to NPre, t；
S6, calculating predicted hydropower output NPre, tTypical photovoltaic output associated with this time period
If the sum exceeds the channel capacity, calculating the predicted hydropower N after considering channel competition according to the proportion beta (beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1) of the hydropower to the total electricity abandonPre, t＝NPre, t-(NPre, t+Nt s-Pmax)*β；
S7, calculating assessment output NCore, t＝min(KCore, t×Qfd,t×HAll, t,γCore, t×NPre, t)；
S8, after all time periods in the calculation period are calculated, the calculation is finished, and the water level Z of the reservoir at the end of each time period is outputt+1Average of each time periodEqual output NCore, t；
S9, checking the electric quantity as the sum of the electric quantities in each time period, ECore＝∑(NCore, t×Δt)；
3) For hydropower stations above daily regulation and below annual regulation, the hydropower stations are divided into different scenes according to the incoming water condition to perform calculation of assessment power generation capacity: in the flood season, a hydropower station assessment power generation amount calculation process of day adjustment and below is adopted, and a day is used as a calculation time period; in the withering period, annual adjustment and more hydropower station assessment generated energy calculation processes are adopted, and ten days are used as calculation time periods;
the evaluation electric quantity calculation steps are as follows:
calculating theoretical electric quantity of the photovoltaic power station according to the existing solar energy radiant quantity of the photovoltaic power station over the years, calculating the proportion eta of the actual electric quantity to the theoretical electric quantity, and taking the proportion eta as a conversion coefficient for calculating and checking the electric quantity;
s1, calculating the theoretical power generation capacity of the photovoltaic: eTheory of the invention＝HA×(P/E)×K；
In the formula, ETheory of the invention: theoretical electric quantity; hA: total solar radiation in the horizontal plane (kWh/m)2Peak hours); e: irradiance under standard conditions (constant 1); p: component mounting capacity (kWp); k: a comprehensive efficiency coefficient;
s2, calculating the proportion of the actual electric quantity to the theoretical electric quantity through the existing photovoltaic operation data: eta ═ EPractice of/ETheory of the invention；
S3, trial calculation is carried out on data of all years of existing operation data, unreasonable data are removed, and average processing is carried out for multiple years to obtain an average conversion coefficient eta';
s4, calculating the assessment electric quantity of the assessment year through the conversion coefficient: eExamination＝ETheory of the invention×η'；
In addition, considering the attenuation of the photovoltaic module plate, the average conversion coefficient should be calculated and adjusted year by year according to the updating of the existing operation data, and the operation data of nearly 3 years should be taken for calculation after the accumulated year of the photovoltaic operation data exceeds 3 years;
the index of the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources refers to that the more scientific and reasonable examination electric quantity of the power station is obtained according to a water-light optimized dispatching diagram and the year-round data of photovoltaic operation in a certain dispatching period, the actual water-light generating capacity exceeds the examination electric quantity by means of improving a water-light complementary optimized dispatching technology, improving the management level and the like, the exceeding percentage is the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources in the dispatching period, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
in the formula: etaWater lightThe utilization rate of water-light complementary resources is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the invention provides a benefit evaluation index aiming at water-light cooperative operation, and makes up the current situation of insufficient related research results in the emerging field. The assessment indexes are established from the aspect of water-light resource utilization, and the comprehensive resources of the drainage basin are fully utilized.
2. The water-light optimized dispatching diagram provided by the invention is combined with a scene of bundling and sending out water lights in a basin, and the traditional water-electricity dispatching process is influenced by the large-scale photovoltaic grid connection.
3. The invention provides a corresponding hydropower assessment electric quantity calculation flow aiming at power stations with different adjusting performances, and the flow combines the capacity limitation of a hydropower sending channel, the time-interval storage capacity limitation, the time-interval ex-warehouse flow limitation and the like, thereby avoiding the problem of unreasonable calculation result process caused by excessive dependence on a scheduling diagram in the traditional method and having stronger adaptability and operability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the power station assessment electric quantity calculation of annual adjustment and above.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the daily regulation and following power station assessment electric quantity calculation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 1, the object of the present embodiment is a watershed hydro-optical complementary base, the hydroelectric power and the photovoltaic power station are delivered through the same route, and the hydro-optical power source group needs to consider cooperative complementary operation. The overall calculation steps of the method for evaluating the dispatching benefits of the cooperative operation of the watershed water photovoltaic power station in the embodiment are as follows:
s1, collecting long-series actual operation data of the power station, including hydropower output, photovoltaic output, reservoir water level of the hydropower station and the like, and power station basic data, such as power station basic parameters, a hydropower conventional scheduling graph and the like.
S2, the photovoltaic power station output process is sorted and analyzed, data influenced by factors such as equipment faults, overhaul and power limitation are eliminated, the power generation characteristics of the photovoltaic power station at different time scales are analyzed, and the typical annual load process is formed.
And S3, aiming at the hydropower station with better regulation performance, determining the optimized target and constraint conditions of the scheduling graph of the water-light complementary base on the basis of the conventional scheduling graph of the hydropower station, determining the electricity abandoning proportion according to the requirements of the corresponding scheduling mechanism on different power supply consumptions, optimizing the scheduling line one by adopting a dynamic programming successive approximation method, and drawing the water-light optimized scheduling graph.
And S4, determining the starting and ending time of the evaluation of the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources, and collecting corresponding power station operation data including data such as output, water level and the like in the assessment period.
S5, determining a calculation process of the assessment electric quantity of the hydropower station through the adjustment performance of the hydropower station, and judging and calculating by adopting the process shown in the figure 2 if the adjustment performance is annual adjustment or above; if the power station is a daily regulation power station or a power station below the daily regulation power station, judging and calculating by adopting the flow of the figure 3; if the current value is between the current value and the current value, the flow of the figure 3 is adopted for judging and calculating in the flood season; the withering period is judged and calculated by adopting the flow of the figure 2.
S6, trial calculation is carried out on theoretical electric quantity of the photovoltaic power station according to solar radiation quantity of the photovoltaic power station in the assessment period, and assessment electric quantity of the photovoltaic power station in the assessment period is calculated according to conversion coefficients obtained by data of nearly three years.
And S7, collecting load data of each hydropower station and each photovoltaic unit day by day and time interval of the calculation year, eliminating the output of the low-output unit, forming a total daily load process of the power station, and calculating the power generation amount of the actual year.
And S8, obtaining a calculation result of the evaluation object in the assessment period through a water-light complementary resource utilization improvement rate calculation formula.
Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for evaluating the dispatching benefit of the cooperative operation of a basin water photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the following steps: providing an index concept of the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources, wherein the index concept refers to that in a certain scheduling period, a scientific and reasonable power station assessment electric quantity is obtained through a water-light complementary optimization scheduling graph and the data of photovoltaic operation in the past year, and the percentage of the actual water-light generating capacity exceeding the assessment electric quantity in the assessment period is the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources; the core of the index lies in the calculation of the assessment electric quantity, the maximum generated energy/maximum generated energy benefit of the water-light system is taken as the target, and a water-light optimization scheduling graph is drawn by adopting a dynamic programming successive approximation method; when the assessment electric quantity is calculated, the photovoltaic power station converts the ideal electric quantity, and the hydropower station calculates the generated energy through a water-light optimization scheduling graph or a water level control mode according to the water condition and the power station regulation performance.
2. The method for evaluating the efficiency of the coordinated operation scheduling of the watershed water photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the hydropower station and the photovoltaic power station are sent out through the same channel, on the premise of meeting the water balance, water level constraint and power station output constraint conditions, the conventional dispatching diagram of the hydropower station is optimized by adopting a dynamic programming successive approximation method with the goal of maximum power generation or maximum power generation benefit of a water-light system;
(1) objective function
a. When the dispatching target is that the generated energy of the water optical system is maximum:
in the formula: f1The total power generation of the water light system in the scheduling period, T is the number of the scheduling period, T is the total number of the periods contained in the scheduling period, and P is the total number of the periodst unionThe total output of the water-light complementary system in the t-th period, Pt hHydroelectric power output P for the t time period of the hydropower stationt sPredicting photovoltaic output for the tth time period of the photovoltaic power station j;
b. when the dispatching target is the maximum system power generation benefit:
in the formula: f2For the total power generation efficiency of the water-light system in the dispatching period, ct h、ct sUnit electricity prices of hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations respectively;
(2) constraint conditions
The constraint conditions of the reservoir system of the hydropower station comprise water quantity balance constraint, water level constraint, ex-warehouse flow constraint and power generation flow constraint, and the power constraint comprises output constraint and transmission channel constraint;
a. water balance constraint
Vt+1＝Vt+(It-Qt)*Δt
In the formula: vt+1、VtRespectively the storage capacity of the hydropower station at the end of the t +1 th time period and the t th time period, ItWarehousing flow rate, Q, for hydropower stations in the t-th time periodtThe flow rate of the hydropower station discharged from the reservoir in the t-th time period is delta t, and the unit time period interval is delta t;
b. reservoir level restriction
Zt min≤Zt≤Zt max
In the formula: ztReservoir level, Z, for hydropower stations in the t-th periodt min、Zt maxRespectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the reservoir water level of the hydropower station in the t-th time period;
c. end water level constraint
Zt＝ZT
In the formula: zTScheduling an end-of-term reservoir level for a given hydropower station;
d. power generation flow restriction
Qe,min≤Qt e≤Qe,max
In the formula: qt eGenerating flow, Q, for a hydropower station during a t-th time periode,min、Qe,maxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the generating flow of the hydropower station;
e. outbound flow constraint
Qt min≤Qt≤Qt max
In the formula: qt min、Qt maxRespectively providing an upper limit and a lower limit of the ex-warehouse flow of the hydropower station in the t-th time period;
f. restraint of output
Pt h,min≤Pt h≤Pt h,max
Pt s,min≤Pt s≤Pt s,max
In the formula: pt h,min、Pt h,maxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the output, P, of the hydropower station in the t-th time periodt s,min、Pt s,maxRespectively representing the upper and lower output limits of the photovoltaic power station in the t-th time period;
g. transport channel restraint
Pt h+Pt s≤Pmax
In the formula: pmaxThe upper limit of a water-light complementary system conveying channel is set;
h. non-negative constraint
All variables involved are greater than or equal to zero;
(3) solving algorithm
S1, collecting actual operation data of a photovoltaic power station day by day over the year, eliminating data influenced by equipment faults, overhaul and electricity limiting factors, and analyzing power generation characteristics of the photovoltaic power station at different time scales to form an annual typical load process;
s2, based on the original conventional scheduling graph of the hydropower station, scheduling lines are optimized from bottom to top, and the initial value of the time interval of the first scheduling line is taken as a mark point Z0Dispersing the upper and lower equal micro increments delta d of the mark points, replacing the mark points with any one of the dispersed points, and fixing the rest of the mark points and the dispatching lines to form a new dispatching diagram;
s3, simulating an actual scheduling process according to a new scheduling graph by adopting hydropower station long series runoff data, calculating a target function according to a typical annual load process by photovoltaic output, replacing an original mark point with a discrete point corresponding to the maximum value of the generated energy or the generating benefit of the water-light system, and if the target value of the original mark point is maximum, maintaining the scheduling graph unchanged;
s4, optimizing the next mark point of the current dispatching line according to the method until the optimal points of all time periods in the dispatching line are obtained; considering the condition that the total output of water and light exceeds the capacity of a channel in some scenes in the current partial water and light complementary base, selecting a water abandoning mode, a light abandoning mode or a power abandoning mode of different power packs in proportion when a water and light power supply generates channel competition according to the consumption requirement of a corresponding scheduling mechanism of a power generation enterprise;
s5, repeating the steps, optimizing the next dispatching line, performing a new round of iterative calculation until the optimization of all dispatching lines is completed, and recording the target value A after all punctuation optimization1；
S6, reducing the delta d, repeating S1-S4 until the delta d meets the target precision or the relative errors of the two target values meet the precision requirement, and ending the iteration;
the evaluation electric quantity calculation steps are as follows:
1) aiming at hydropower stations adjusted year by year and above, taking month or ten days as a calculation time period:
s1, reading calculation year time-interval QIn, t、γCore, t、KCore, t、Nt sThe first time interval is the actual water level, and the initial water level Z of the rest time intervalstThe last water level of the last period;
s2, obtaining the time-interval average output N of the hydropower according to the water-light complementary optimization scheduling grapht；
S3, comparing the water electric output NtTypical photovoltaic output N associated with this time periodt sIf the sum exceeds the channel capacity, calculating the hydroelectric output N after considering channel competition according to the proportion beta of the hydroelectric to the total electricity abandont＝Nt-(Nt+Nt s-Pmax)*β；
S4, assuming that the ex-warehouse flow in the calculation time period is the maximum machine passing flow Q of the power stationOut, t＝Qfd,t＝Qmax；
S5, obtaining Z from a hydropower station water level reservoir capacity curvetCorresponding storage capacity VtObtaining the library capacity V at the end of the time interval by a water quantity balance equationt+1(ii) a Comparing whether the storage capacity exceeds the maximum and minimum storage capacity limits at the end of the time interval, if Vt+1＞Vmax,tLet Vt+1＝Vmax,tWill Vt+1-Vmax,tAs the amount of waste water, QOut, t＝Qfd,t+QDischarge, t(ii) a If Vt+1＜Vmin,tLet Vt+1＝Vmin,tInverse Q solving by water quantity balance equationOut, t；
S6, obtaining a curve V from the reservoir capacityt+1Corresponding time interval end reservoir water level Zt+1；
S7, obtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding downstream water level Zx,t；
S8, calculating a time interval water head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,t；
S9, obtaining H from a waterhead predicted output curveAll, tCorresponding expected output force NPre, t；
S10. load rate gamma in time intervalCore, tObtaining a time-interval adjustable output Nmax,t＝γCore, t×NPre, t；
S11, taking the minimum value to obtain a time interval assessment output NCore, t＝min(Nt,Nmax,t)；
S12, calculating the power generation flow
S13, if Q'fd,t+QDischarge, t-QOut, tQ 'is recorded if | ≦ ξ'fd,t、QOut, t、Vt+1、Zt+1Entering the next time period for iterative calculation; otherwise, re-assume QOut, tReturning to S5;
s14, after all time periods in the calculation period are calculated, the calculation is finished, and the water level Z of the reservoir at the end of each time period is outputt+1Average output N of each time intervalCore, t；
S15, checking the electric quantity to be the sum of the electric quantities in each time period, ECore＝∑(NCore, t×Δt)；
In the formula, QN, t: average warehousing flow in time interval; gamma rayCore, t: the time interval is checked to determine the load rate; kCore, t: checking and determining a comprehensive output coefficient; n is a radical oft s: photovoltaic typical output; zt: a time interval initial water level; n is a radical oft: dispatching graph output; qOut, t: average warehouse-out flow in a time interval; qfd,t: average generated flow in a time period; qmax: maximum flow of the power station; vt: time interval initial storage capacity; vt+1: the storage capacity at the end of the time interval; Δ t: hours of the session; vmin,t: a time period minimum storage capacity limit; vmax,t: time interval maximum storage capacity limit; qDischarge, t: average reject flow rate over a period of time; zt+1: water level at the end of time interval; zx,t: average tail water level over time; hAll, t: a time-interval average power generation head; n is a radical ofPre, t: force is predicted in a time interval; n is a radical ofmax,t: the maximum adjustable output in time period; n is a radical ofCore, t: checking the output in time intervals; eCore, t: checking the electric quantity in time intervals;
2) for hydropower stations regulated daily and below, the day is taken as the calculation period:
s1, reading calculation year time-interval QIn, t、γCore, t、KCore, tThe first time interval is the actual water level, and the initial water level Z of the rest time intervalstThe last water level of the last period;
s2, making the water level Z at the end of the time periodt+1The average value of the upper limit and the lower limit of the water level range in the time period is shown;
s3, obtaining V from the curve of the reservoir capacitytAnd Vt+1；
S4, calculating out-of-warehouse flow Q at a time interval by using a water balance equationOut, t；
S5, judging whether the warehouse-out flow exceeds the limit, if QOut, t<0, then QOut, tWhen the water quantity is balanced, the final storage capacity V is obtainedt+1Obtaining the final water level Z from the water level reservoir capacity curvet+1At this time Qfd,t＝0，NCore, t0; if 0 is less than or equal to QOut, t≤QmaxThen Q is obtainedfd,t＝QOut, tObtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding time interval average downstream water level Zx,tCalculating the time-interval average head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,tObtaining H from the predicted waterhead output curveAll, tCorresponding to NPre, t(ii) a ③ if QOut, t＞QmaxThen Q is assertedOut, t＝Qfd,t＝QmaxCalculating the final storage capacity V by the water balance equationt+1If V ist+1≤Vmax,tObtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding time interval average downstream water level Zx,tFrom V tot+1Checking the curve of reservoir capacity to obtain Zt+1Calculating the head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,tObtaining H from the predicted waterhead output curveAll, tCorresponding to NPre, t(ii) a If Vt+1＞Vmax,tThen order Vt+1＝Vmax,tObtaining the flow Q of delivery from the reservoir through water balanceOut, tCalculating flood discharge flow QDischarge, t＝QOut, t-Qfd,tObtaining Q from the downstream water level flow relation curveOut, tCorresponding time interval average downstream water level Zx,tFrom V tot+1Checking the curve of reservoir capacity to obtain Zt+1Calculating the head HAll, t＝(Zt+Zt+1)/2-Zx,tObtaining H from the predicted waterhead output curveAll, tCorresponding to NPre, t；
S6, calculating predicted hydropower output NPre, tTypical photovoltaic output N associated with this time periodt sIf the sum exceeds the channel capacity, calculating the predicted hydropower N after considering channel competition according to the proportion beta of the hydropower to the total electricity abandonmentPre, t＝NPre, t-(NPre, t+Nt s-Pmax)*β；
S7, calculating assessment output NCore, t＝min(KCore, t×Qfd,t×HAll, t,γCore, t×NPre, t)；
S8, after all time periods in the calculation period are calculated, the calculation is finished, and the water level Z of the reservoir at the end of each time period is outputt+1Average output N of each time intervalCore, t；
S9, checking the electric quantity as the sum of the electric quantities in each time period, ECore＝∑(NCore, t×Δt)；
3) For hydropower stations above daily regulation and below annual regulation, the hydropower stations are divided into different scenes according to the incoming water condition to perform calculation of assessment power generation capacity: in the flood season, a hydropower station assessment generated energy calculation process of day adjustment and the following hydropower station assessment is adopted, and the day is used as a calculation time interval; in the withering period, a hydropower station assessment power generation amount calculation flow which is adjusted by years or more is adopted, and ten days are used as calculation time periods;
the evaluation electric quantity calculation steps are as follows:
calculating theoretical electric quantity of the photovoltaic power station according to the existing solar energy radiant quantity of the photovoltaic power station over the years, calculating the proportion eta of the actual electric quantity to the theoretical electric quantity, and taking the proportion eta as a conversion coefficient for calculating and checking the electric quantity;
s1, calculating the theoretical power generation capacity of the photovoltaic: eTheory of the invention＝HA×(P/E)×K；
In the formula, ETheory of the invention: theoretical electric quantity; hA: total solar radiation in the horizontal plane (kWh/m)2Peak hours); e: irradiance under standard conditions, constant 1; p: component mounting capacity (kWp); k: a comprehensive efficiency coefficient;
s2, calculating the proportion of the actual electric quantity to the theoretical electric quantity through the existing photovoltaic operation data: eta ═ EPractice of/ETheory of the invention；
S3, trial calculation is carried out on data of all years of existing operation data, unreasonable data are removed, and average processing is carried out for multiple years to obtain an average conversion coefficient eta';
s4, calculating the assessment electric quantity of the assessment year through the conversion coefficient: eExamination＝ETheory of the invention×η'；
In addition, considering the attenuation of the photovoltaic module plate, the average conversion coefficient is calculated and adjusted year by year according to the updating of the existing operation data, and the operation data of nearly 3 years is taken for calculation after the accumulated year of the photovoltaic operation data exceeds 3 years;
the index of the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources refers to that the more scientific and reasonable examination electric quantity of the power station is obtained according to a water-light optimized dispatching diagram and the year-round data of photovoltaic operation in a certain dispatching period, the actual water-light generating capacity exceeds the examination electric quantity by improving a water-light complementary optimized dispatching technology and improving a management level mode, the exceeding percentage is the utilization rate of the water-light complementary resources in the dispatching period, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
in the formula: etaWater lightThe utilization rate of water-light complementary resources is improved.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115080908A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-20 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for drawing water-light complementary dispatch diagram of clean energy base |
| CN116667395A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-29 | 河海大学 | Capacity allocation method for water-wind-solar-energy-storage complementary pump station based on cascade hydropower transformation |
| CN117454674A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-01-26 | 长江水利委员会水文局 | Intelligent dynamic regulation and control method for real-time ecological flow of hydropower station |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115080908A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-20 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for drawing water-light complementary dispatch diagram of clean energy base |
| CN116667395A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-29 | 河海大学 | Capacity allocation method for water-wind-solar-energy-storage complementary pump station based on cascade hydropower transformation |
| CN116667395B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-11-21 | 河海大学 | Capacity allocation method for water-wind-solar-energy-storage complementary pump station based on cascade hydropower transformation |
| CN117454674A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-01-26 | 长江水利委员会水文局 | Intelligent dynamic regulation and control method for real-time ecological flow of hydropower station |
| CN117454674B (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-04-09 | 长江水利委员会水文局 | Intelligent dynamic regulation and control method for real-time ecological flow of hydropower station |
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