CN114441035A - Multispectral imaging method and device based on high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source - Google Patents

Multispectral imaging method and device based on high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114441035A
CN114441035A CN202111667075.1A CN202111667075A CN114441035A CN 114441035 A CN114441035 A CN 114441035A CN 202111667075 A CN202111667075 A CN 202111667075A CN 114441035 A CN114441035 A CN 114441035A
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light
spectrum
conversion
light source
intensity
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李子薇
姜晓媛
迟楠
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Fudan University
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Fudan University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02Details
    • G01J3/0205Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823Imaging spectrometer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823Imaging spectrometer
    • G01J2003/2826Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging

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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a multispectral imaging method and a multispectral imaging device based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source, wherein the method comprises the following steps: configuring intensity modulation frequencies corresponding to the respective spectra; modulating each spectrum at a pre-configured intensity modulation frequency; transmitting the modulated multiple light to a target scene; carrying out spatial coding modulation on emergent light passing through a target scene; receiving light modulated by spatial coding, performing photoelectric conversion to obtain an electric signal, and performing A/D conversion; and acquiring light intensity response signals of each spectral band of the target scene based on the electric signals subjected to A/D conversion, and restoring the spectrum and the image information through a reconstruction algorithm. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, small volume and the like.

Description

Multispectral imaging method and device based on high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of multispectral imaging, in particular to a multispectral imaging method and device based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source.
Background
The spectral image is composed of a two-dimensional spatial data set and a three-dimensional data set of a one-dimensional spectral domain, and because spectral imaging can obtain spatial and spectral information at the same time, more information is helpful for detection, judgment and other work of the target. The technology is widely applied to multiple fields of mineral exploration, remote sensing agricultural evaluation, cultural relic restoration, medical spectral imaging diagnosis, military target detection and the like.
Single-pixel imaging is a new imaging technology, which uses a two-dimensional spatial coding pattern to perform spatial light modulation on a detection target, and can reconstruct spatial information of an object from a one-dimensional signal obtained by a single-pixel detector. The single-pixel imaging provides a new technical approach for multispectral imaging, and a single-pixel detector is used for respectively detecting light waves of different wave bands to obtain a multispectral image. Most of the existing single-pixel multispectral imaging technologies use a dispersive element or a filter to separate light with different wavelengths, and then use an array detector to record the light respectively. The single-pixel multispectral imaging technology can obtain the spectral information of the image, but the single-pixel multispectral imaging technology has the problems of high and heavy system, low imaging efficiency and limited spectral range.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multispectral imaging method and device based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source. The spectral information of the target scene is encoded into this velocity gap using the velocity gap between the spatial light modulator switching and the detector response. According to the invention, the LED illumination of each spectrum band is subjected to sinusoidal intensity modulation with different frequencies, so that different frequency spectrum bands are multiplexed into a one-dimensional density measurement sequence of the detector in a frequency division multiplexing mode, after Fourier decomposition is carried out, a multispectral response signal can be separated, system noise is suppressed, three-dimensional spectrum cube information of a scene to be detected is effectively recovered, and single-pixel multispectral imaging with low cost, high quality and expandable wave band is realized.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a multispectral imaging method based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source comprises the following steps:
configuring intensity modulation frequencies corresponding to the respective spectra;
modulating each spectrum with a preconfigured intensity modulation frequency;
transmitting the modulated multiple light to a target scene;
carrying out spatial coding modulation on emergent light passing through a target scene;
receiving light modulated by spatial coding, performing photoelectric conversion to obtain an electric signal, and performing A/D conversion;
and acquiring light intensity response signals of each spectral band of the target scene based on the electric signals subjected to A/D conversion, and restoring the spectrum and the image information through a reconstruction algorithm.
The intensity of each spectrum varies as a sinusoidal function.
The obtaining of the light intensity response signal of each spectral band of the target scene based on the electrical signal after the a/D conversion specifically includes: fourier transform is performed on the A/D converted electric signal, and multi-channel spectral information is decomposed in a Fourier transform domain.
The decomposing of the multi-channel spectral information in the Fourier transform domain specifically comprises: the coefficients of the measurement sequence at the respective modulation frequency are extracted in the fourier domain as response signals for the corresponding spectrum.
The intensity modulation frequencies of the respective spectra are different from each other.
A multispectral imaging device based on high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light sources comprises:
a signal generator configured to transmit an optical intensity frequency signal specifying a frequency, a phase, and an amplitude;
the system comprises a multi-color LED light source, an emitting lens, a scene, a lens, a spatial light modulator, a receiving lens and a single-point detector which are sequentially arranged along the direction of a light beam, wherein the spatial light modulator is configured to perform space coding modulation on emergent light passing through a target scene;
the A/D conversion module is configured to perform A/D conversion on the electric signal obtained after the photoelectric conversion;
and the data processing module is configured to obtain light intensity response signals of each spectral band of the target scene based on the electrical signals after A/D conversion, and restore the spectrum and the image information through a reconstruction algorithm.
The multicolor LED light source comprises a plurality of LED lamps with different wave bands, the spectrum band is in the visible light spectrum range, and the multicolor LED light source independently controls the light intensity frequency of each sub-light source according to the light intensity frequency signal sent by the signal generator.
The light intensity frequency signal is a sine function.
The frequencies of the light intensity frequency signals of different spectra are different from each other.
The spatial light modulator is a digital micromirror array.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention carries out sinusoidal intensity modulation on the LEDs with different spectral bands, namely different wavelengths have different time sinusoidal intensity conversion. After the target scene is simultaneously spatially and spectrally modulated, the measured values are recorded by a detector. After spectral demultiplexing of the measured values by fourier decomposition, the multi-spectral response signal can be easily decomposed in the frequency domain and noise suppressed. Compared with the prior art, the target scene reconstruction method has higher quality.
2. The invention uses LEDs with various spectral bands, can realize the multispectral imaging technology through a simple structure, has selectable LED spectral bands, small volume and low cost, and can realize the practicability, miniaturization and lightweight of a multispectral imaging system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a light path diagram of a multispectral imaging system based on a high-speed tunable polychromatic LED light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a multi-spectral imaging system based on a high-speed tunable multi-color LED light source in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a signal obtained by superimposing multiple sinusoidal light source control signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of separating a multi-spectral response signal by signal decoupling of a measurement sequence for each spatial modulation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1. the system comprises a signal generator, a multi-color LED light source 2, a multi-color LED light source 3, an emitting lens 4, a scene 5, a lens 6, a spatial light modulator 7, a receiving lens 8, a single-point detector 9, an A/D conversion module 10 and a data processing module.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The application provides a multispectral imaging method based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source, which comprises the steps of firstly, introducing high-speed sine intensity modulation related to a spectrum in the illumination process of each spatial modulation mode by utilizing the speed difference between the switching of a spatial light modulator and the response of a detector; secondly, imaging the object scene subjected to the sinusoidal modulation and multispectral illumination, and performing spatial light modulation on an imaging surface; then, the high-speed detector collects dense measurement sequences during each spatial modulation illumination mode, and different spectrum information is multiplexed into a one-dimensional dense measurement sequence in a frequency division multiplexing mode; the spatial dimension light field information is focused by a lens and then is also collected by a detector in a coupling way; then, performing signal decoupling on the measurement sequence of each spatial modulation mode to separate out a multispectral response signal; and finally reconstructing the multispectral image through a reconstruction algorithm.
The high-speed sinusoidal intensity modulation related to the spectrum is to select a plurality of LED light sources with different spectrum bands to perform sinusoidal modulation with different frequencies, the light intensity of each spectrum component is in sinusoidal change along with time, and the modulation frequency is far higher than the switching frequency of the spatial light modulator.
The one-dimensional dense measurement sequence multiplexed in the frequency division multiplexing mode is that the spectral information of the target scene is multiplexed into the measurement sequence in the process of each spatial mode.
And performing signal decoupling on the measurement sequence of each spatial modulation mode to separate out multispectral response signals, namely performing Fourier transform on the spectrum coupling acquisition signals and decomposing multichannel spectrum information in a Fourier transform domain. In the fourier domain, the coefficients of the measurement sequence at the respective modulation frequencies are the response signals for the different wavelength bands.
The reconstruction algorithm recovers the spatial information of the scene from the measurement sequence acquired by coupling, and optimizes the reconstruction quality of the space-spectrum three-dimensional information by using the continuity of the spatial information and the continuity of the multispectral information.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a multispectral imaging system based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source comprises a signal generator 1, a multicolor LED light source 2, an emitting lens 3, a scene 4, a lens 5, a spatial light modulator 6, a receiving lens 7, a single-point detector 8, an a/D conversion module 9, and a data processing module 10, which are sequentially arranged along a light beam direction; firstly, a signal generator 1 controls each LED of a multicolor LED light source 2 to perform sinusoidal illumination at a set frequency, then illumination light is projected to a scene 4 through an emitting lens 3 and projected to a spatial light modulator 6 through a lens 5, the spatial light modulator 6 performs spatial coding on reflected light of the scene 4, then the reflected light enters a single-point detector 8 through a receiving lens 7, an A/D conversion module 9 performs analog-to-digital conversion on an electric signal generated after photoelectric conversion of the single-point detector 8, and finally the electric signal is transmitted to a data processing module 10 for reconstruction, so that multispectral single-pixel imaging based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source is realized.
The signal generator 1 can be a large-scale integrated circuit or an FPGA chip for generating function signals, in the specific implementation example, the signal generator module selects three four-channel DDS modules, and each channel can provide independent frequency, phase and amplitude control; the signal generator 1 can be realized by a function generator composed of discrete components, a large-scale integrated circuit, a function generator of a monolithic integrated chip, or a dedicated Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) chip.
In the present embodiment, the multicolor LED light source 2 uses 3 × 4 LED lamps with different wave bands, which are sequentially dark red, orange, yellow green, blue green, green grass green, blue, sapphire blue, blue purple, and the spectrum segment covers the visible light spectrum range. Each wavelength band corresponds to a specific sine modulation frequency, the frequency is set at MHZ level, the modulation frequency is far higher than the switching frequency of the spatial light modulator, and the frequencies of the 12 LEDs are different;
the emission lens 3 converges the light source onto the scene 4;
scene 4 is a color target scene;
the spatial light modulator 6 performs spatial coding on the reflected light of the scene 4, wherein the spatial light modulator 6 is a digital micromirror array (DMD) which is a reflective device, and the light source is projected onto a single-point detector 8 through a lens 7 after being coded, wherein the spatial light modulator 6 is a digital micromirror array (DMD) which is a micro-electro-mechanical system and can realize high-speed light field binary coding.
The receiving lens 7 collects the reflected light of the target scene and gathers the reflected light to the single-point detector 8;
the single-point detector 8 receives the optical signal reflected by the spatial light modulator converged by the receiving lens 7, has the characteristics of wide bandwidth and high response, and can select imaging of visible light wave bands, near infrared wave bands, terahertz wave bands and other wave bands. Single point detectors can support higher bandwidths, thereby supporting high speed imaging. In addition, the imaging system has the advantages of low cost and small volume, and is favorable for integration and miniaturization of the imaging system.
The A/D module 9 performs analog-to-digital conversion on an electric signal generated after photoelectric conversion of the single-point detector 8 and sends the electric signal to the data processing module;
the data processing module 10 performs fast fourier transform on the one-dimensional measurement sequence acquired in each spatial mode to obtain light intensity response signals of each spectral band of the target scene, and recovers the spectrum and image information through a convex optimization algorithm based on a compressed sensing theory.
The imaging system of the embodiment uses the low-cost LED array with different spectral bands as a light source to perform spectral modulation on a target scene, and compared with the traditional spectral imaging system using any dispersive element or color filter with space variation, the LED array can realize the multispectral imaging technology through a simpler structure; the LED array is small in size and easy to change, and miniaturization and practicability of the spectral imaging system are realized more easily;
the single-point detector 8 used in the imaging system of this embodiment is a single-pixel light intensity detector, and a photodiode or a single-photon detector can be optionally used. The invention can image only by one single-point detector without using an array detector, and has important application value when being not suitable for adopting an array detector with larger volume;
the imaging system of the present embodiment utilizes the speed difference between the slow spatial illumination mode and the fast detector response to perform sinusoidal modulation on 12 light sources with different wavelength bands, and fig. 3 shows the signals after the 12 sinusoidal signals are added. The high speed detector collects a dense measurement sequence during each spatially modulated illumination pattern and the different spectral information is multiplexed in a frequency division multiplexed manner into a one-dimensional dense measurement sequence. During data processing, the measurement sequence of each spatial modulation mode is subjected to signal decoupling to separate out multispectral response signals, and fig. 4 shows that the multispectral response signals are separated after the measurement sequence is decoupled. And recovering the spatial information of the scene from the measurement sequence acquired by coupling, and optimizing the reconstruction quality of the space-spectrum three-dimensional information by using the continuity of the spatial information and the continuity of the multispectral information in a priori manner. Compared with the prior art, the method greatly improves the quality of data reconstruction.

Claims (10)

1. A multispectral imaging method based on a high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source is characterized by comprising the following steps:
configuring intensity modulation frequencies corresponding to the respective spectra;
modulating each spectrum with a preconfigured intensity modulation frequency;
transmitting the modulated multiple light to a target scene;
carrying out spatial coding modulation on emergent light passing through a target scene;
receiving light modulated by spatial coding, performing photoelectric conversion to obtain an electric signal, and performing A/D conversion;
and acquiring light intensity response signals of each spectral band of the target scene based on the electric signals subjected to A/D conversion, and restoring the spectrum and the image information through a reconstruction algorithm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the intensity of each spectrum varies as a sine function.
3. The multispectral imaging method based on the high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the light intensity response signal of each spectral segment of the target scene based on the electrical signal after A/D conversion specifically comprises: fourier transform is performed on the A/D converted electric signal, and multi-channel spectral information is decomposed in a Fourier transform domain.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the decomposition of the multi-channel spectral information in the Fourier transform domain comprises: the coefficients of the measurement sequence at the respective modulation frequency are extracted in the fourier domain as response signals for the corresponding spectrum.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modulation frequencies of the intensity of each spectrum are different.
6. A multispectral imaging device based on high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light sources is characterized by comprising:
a signal generator configured to transmit an optical intensity frequency signal specifying a frequency, a phase, and an amplitude;
the system comprises a multi-color LED light source, an emitting lens, a scene, a lens, a spatial light modulator, a receiving lens and a single-point detector which are sequentially arranged along the direction of a light beam, wherein the spatial light modulator is configured to perform space coding modulation on emergent light passing through a target scene;
the A/D conversion module is configured to perform A/D conversion on the electric signal obtained after the photoelectric conversion;
and the data processing module is configured to obtain light intensity response signals of each spectral band of the target scene based on the electrical signals after A/D conversion, and restore the spectrum and the image information through a reconstruction algorithm.
7. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the multi-color LED light source comprises a plurality of LED lamps with different wavelength bands, the wavelength bands are in the visible light spectrum range, and the multi-color LED light source controls the light intensity frequency of each sub-light source independently according to the light intensity frequency signal sent by the signal generator.
8. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the light intensity frequency signal is a sine function.
9. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the frequency of the light intensity frequency signals of different spectra are different from each other.
10. The device according to claim 6, wherein the spatial light modulator is a digital micromirror array.
CN202111667075.1A 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 Multispectral imaging method and device based on high-speed adjustable multicolor LED light source Pending CN114441035A (en)

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