CN114438386A - Magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114438386A CN114438386A CN202210250977.3A CN202210250977A CN114438386A CN 114438386 A CN114438386 A CN 114438386A CN 202210250977 A CN202210250977 A CN 202210250977A CN 114438386 A CN114438386 A CN 114438386A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0042—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof only containing magnesium and nickel; Treatment thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/04—Hydrogen absorbing
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with a single metal element and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage materials, and particularly relates to a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with a single metal element and a preparation method thereof, wherein the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material comprises magnesium metal and a doping element, the mass percentage of the doping element is 0.5-15%, the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 85-99.5%, and the doping element is one or more of Ti, Ni, Co, Mo and Mn; the hydrogen storage alloy may be composed of Mg3M1xM2yThe chemical general formula is (0.1 is less than or equal to x + y is less than or equal to 0.3); m1 and M2 represent different doping metal elements. The invention solves the problems of low hydrogen storage quantity, large volume, high pressure and the like of hydrogen energy in the storage and transportation processIn addition, the hydrogen storage density of the alloy hydrogen storage material prepared by the hydrogen storage method can reach 4.7 percent, the volume density can reach more than or equal to 50Kg per cubic meter, and the hydrogen storage method has low pressure, is close to normal temperature and normal pressure and is convenient for civil use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage materials, in particular to a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with a single metal element and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, among the large series of 4 hydrogen storage alloys of lanthanum (rare earth), ferrotitanium, magnesium and zirconium (vanadium) which are researched, the magnesium-based alloy hydrogen storage material has the most obvious advantages, belongs to a medium-temperature type hydrogen storage alloy, has the advantages of light weight, low price, rich raw materials and highest hydrogen storage amount, and is the most promising hydrogen storage medium, wherein the theoretical hydrogen storage of pure magnesium can reach 7.6 percent (mass fraction). In addition, the hydrogen absorption-desorption device has the characteristics of low price and good hydrogen absorption-desorption platform, so the application prospect is very wide.
The magnesium-based hydrogen storage material has the defects of poor hydrogen absorption-dehydrogenation kinetic characteristics, low hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, overhigh hydrogen desorption temperature, poor corrosion resistance of magnesium and magnesium alloy in alkali liquor and the like, so the practical process of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material is limited. Therefore, to make it more useful, improvement of these properties is critical.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with a single metal element and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal elements and a preparation method thereof comprise magnesium metal and doping elements, wherein the mass percentage of the doping elements is 0.5-15%, the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 85-99.5%, and the doping elements are one or more of Ti, Ni, Co, Mo and Mn;
the hydrogen storage alloy may be composed of Mg3M1xM2yThe chemical general formula is (0.1 is less than or equal to x + y is less than or equal to 0.3); m1 and M2 represent different doping metal elements.
Optionally, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 85-90%, and the mass percentage of the doping element is 3-5%.
Optionally, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 85 percent, and the mass percentage of the doping element is 15 percent.
Optionally, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 95 percent, and the mass percentage of the doping element is 5 percent.
A preparation method of magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting high-purity magnesium particles, and carrying out high-energy ball milling for 1-3 hours by using a stirring ball mill under 150nm additive particles;
s2, mixing one or two doping elements according to a certain proportion, carrying out ball milling in a stirring ball mill, taking high-purity argon as protective gas, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 12-20h under the pressure of 0.1 MPa;
s3, the simple substance magnesium ball-milled under the protection of argon gas is researched, and the magnesium particles with the particle size of 50-80nm absorb hydrogen for 20min under the conditions of 2-3MPa pressure and 200-300 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.0 wt%.
S4, after ball milling of the magnesium particles and the doping elements, obtaining alloy powder with the particle diameter of 60-100nm, absorbing hydrogen for 30min under the pressure of 2-3MPa and the temperature of 200-300 ℃, wherein the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.7 wt%.
The invention provides a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal elements and a preparation method thereof, and the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material has the following beneficial effects:
the invention solves the problems of low hydrogen storage amount, large volume, high pressure and the like of hydrogen energy in the storage and transportation process, the alloy hydrogen storage material prepared by the hydrogen storage method has the hydrogen storage density of 4.7 percent and the volume density of more than or equal to 50Kg per cubic meter, and in addition, the hydrogen storage method has low pressure, is near to normal temperature and normal pressure and is convenient for civil use.
Detailed Description
In the following, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal elements and a preparation method thereof comprise magnesium metal and doping elements, wherein the mass percentage of the doping elements is 8 percent, the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 92 percent, and the doping elements are one or more of Ti, Ni, Co, Mo and Mn;
the hydrogen storage alloy may be composed of Mg3M1xM2yThe chemical general formula is (0.1 is less than or equal to x + y is less than or equal to 0.3); m1 and M2 represent different doping metal elements.
A preparation method of magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting high-purity magnesium particles, and carrying out high-energy ball milling for 2 hours by using a stirring ball mill under 150nm additive particles;
s2, mixing one or two doping elements according to a certain proportion, carrying out ball milling in a stirring ball mill, taking high-purity argon as protective gas, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 16h under the pressure of 0.1 MPa;
s3, the simple substance magnesium which is ball-milled under the protection of argon gas is researched, and the magnesium particles with the particle size of 65nm absorb hydrogen for 20min under the conditions of 2MPa pressure and 250 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.0 wt%.
S4, after ball milling of magnesium particles and doping elements, obtaining alloy powder with the particle diameter of 80nm, absorbing hydrogen for 30min under the conditions of 2MPa pressure and 250 ℃, wherein the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.7 wt%.
Example II
A magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal elements and a preparation method thereof comprise magnesium metal and doping elements, wherein the mass percentage of the doping elements is 15 percent, the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 85 percent, and the doping elements are one or more of Ti, Ni, Co, Mo and Mn;
the hydrogen storage alloy may be composed of Mg3M1xM2yThe chemical general formula is (0.1 is less than or equal to x + y is less than or equal to 0.3); m1 and M2 represent different doping metal elements.
A preparation method of magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting high-purity magnesium particles, and carrying out high-energy ball milling for 2 hours by using a stirring ball mill under 150nm additive particles;
s2, mixing one or two doping elements according to a certain proportion, carrying out ball milling in a stirring ball mill, taking high-purity argon as protective gas, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 16h under the pressure of 0.1 MPa;
s3, the simple substance magnesium ball-milled under the protection of argon gas is researched, and the magnesium particles with the particle size of 50-80nm absorb hydrogen for 20min under the conditions of 2-3MPa pressure and 200-300 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.0 wt%.
S4, after ball milling of the magnesium particles and the doping elements, obtaining alloy powder with the particle diameter of 60-100nm, absorbing hydrogen for 30min under the pressure of 2-3MPa and the temperature of 200-300 ℃, wherein the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.7 wt%.
Example three
A magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal elements and a preparation method thereof comprise magnesium metal and doping elements, wherein the mass percentage of the doping elements is 0.5 percent, the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 99.5 percent, and the doping elements are one or more of Ti, Ni, Co, Mo and Mn;
a preparation method of magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting high-purity magnesium particles, and carrying out high-energy ball milling for 3 hours by using a stirring ball mill under 150nm additive particles;
s2, mixing one or two doping elements according to a certain proportion, carrying out ball milling in a stirring ball mill, taking high-purity argon as protective gas, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 20h under the pressure of 0.1 MPa;
s3, the research on the simple substance magnesium ball-milled under the protection of argon shows that the magnesium particles with the particle size of 80nm absorb hydrogen for 20min under the conditions of 2-3MPa pressure and 300 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.0 wt%.
S4, after ball milling of the magnesium particles and the doping elements, obtaining alloy powder with the particle diameter of 100nm, absorbing hydrogen for 30min under the pressure of 3MPa and at the temperature of 300 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.7 wt%.
Example four
A magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal elements and a preparation method thereof comprise magnesium metal and doping elements, wherein the mass percentage of the doping elements is 10 percent, the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 90 percent, and the doping elements are one or more of Ti, Ni, Co, Mo and Mn;
the hydrogen storage alloy may be composed of Mg3M1xM2yThe chemical general formula is (0.1 is less than or equal to x + y is less than or equal to 0.3); m1 and M2 represent different doping metal elements.
A preparation method of magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting high-purity magnesium particles, and carrying out high-energy ball milling for 2 hours by using a stirring ball mill under 150nm additive particles;
s2, mixing one or two doping elements according to a certain proportion, carrying out ball milling in a stirring ball mill, taking high-purity argon as protective gas, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 16h under the pressure of 0.1 MPa;
s3, the simple substance magnesium ball-milled under the protection of argon is researched, and the magnesium particles with the particle size of 80nm absorb hydrogen for 20min under the conditions of 2-3MPa pressure and 300 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.0 wt%.
S4, after ball milling of magnesium particles and doping elements, obtaining alloy powder with the particle diameter of 100nm, absorbing hydrogen for 30min under the conditions of 3MPa pressure and 300 ℃, wherein the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.7 wt%.
The method mainly adds elementary elements such as Fe, Ti, Pd and the like, changes the hydrogen storage mechanism of materials such as Mg3M and the like by adding other metals, and can better improve the hydrogen storage rate by adding transition metals, thereby realizing the commercial value.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal elements comprises 0.5-15% of magnesium metal and 85-99.5% of doping elements, wherein the doping elements are one or more of Ti, Ni, Co, Mo and Mn;
the hydrogen storage alloy may be composed of Mg3M1xM2yThe chemical general formula is (0.1 is less than or equal to x + y is less than or equal to 0.3); m1 and M2 represent different doping metal elements.
2. The magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element of claim 1, wherein the components and the percentage of each component in the total weight of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material are as follows: the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 85-90%, and the mass percentage of the doping element is 3-5%.
3. The magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element of claim 1, wherein the components and the percentage of each component in the total weight of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material are as follows: the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 85 percent, and the mass percentage of the doping element is 15 percent.
4. The magnesium-based hydrogen storage material doped with single metal element of claim 1, wherein the components and the percentage of each component in the total weight of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material are as follows: the mass percentage of the magnesium metal is 95 percent, and the mass percentage of the doping element is 5 percent.
5. The monometallic element-doped magnesium-based hydrogen storage material of claims 1-4, wherein said monometallic element-doped magnesium-based hydrogen storage material is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
s1, adopting high-purity magnesium particles, and carrying out high-energy ball milling for 1-3 hours by using a stirring ball mill under 150nm additive particles;
s2, mixing one or two doping elements according to a certain proportion, carrying out ball milling in a stirring ball mill, taking high-purity argon as protective gas, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 12-20h under the pressure of 0.1 MPa;
s3, the simple substance magnesium ball-milled under the protection of argon gas is researched, and the magnesium particles with the particle size of 50-80nm absorb hydrogen for 20min under the conditions of 2-3MPa pressure and 200-300 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.0 wt%.
S4, obtaining alloy powder with the particle diameter of 60-100nm after ball milling of magnesium particles and doping elements, absorbing hydrogen for 30min under the conditions of 2-3MPa pressure and 200-300 ℃, wherein the hydrogen storage capacity is close to 4.7 wt%.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116179914A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-05-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Room-temperature high-plasticity soluble magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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