CN114432684A

CN114432684A - Method for evaluating low-quality motion of school-age children

Info

Publication number: CN114432684A
Application number: CN202111678766.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪敏加; 景新宇; 王耀正; 叶正扬
Original assignee: Chengdu Heqiao Health Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Heqiao Health Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-31
Filing date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2022-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-31
Also published as: CN114432684B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the low-quality movement of school-age children, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a research target; 2) collecting basic data and obtaining the exercise injury condition of a school-age child aiming at a certain exercise; 3) according to the motion damage condition of the school-age children, performing index test on the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of each school-age child, acquiring test data for analysis, and obtaining the association between the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of the school-age children and the motion damage in a certain motion; 4) thus, it is possible to determine whether or not a school-age child is a low-quality exercise in a certain exercise, based on the physical quality, the motion pattern, and the lower limb kinematics analysis of the school-age child. The method is expected to provide data reference for the damage condition of basketball movement of the school-age children, and provides new ideas and references for system evaluation and rehabilitation training strategies for the sport damage prevention and treatment of the school-age children.

Description

Method for evaluating low-quality motion of school-age children

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motion biology, in particular to a method for evaluating low-quality motion of school-age children.

Background

Physical exercise and physical fitness of school-age children are receiving increasing attention. The proportion of school children participating in physical exercise is significantly increased, and the group ball items such as basketball and football are the most popular. Sports, due to their performance and strength and physical characteristics of school-age children, the risk of athletic injuries increases significantly as participation increases. Risk factors of sports injuries can be divided into external factors and internal factors, wherein the internal factors mainly include low-quality motion patterns, low-quality physical quality, unbalanced muscle function, and previous sports injuries. In the physical activities of primary and secondary school students, the movement ability and the movement skill of the students are not formed, so that the risk of sports injury is high. The action pattern reflects the coordination in the neuromuscular control of a person during physical activity, and good neuromuscular control requires coordination and balance among the effectors, which is the basis for ensuring a correct movement pattern. The high-quality action mode enables a person to optimize action efficiency in the transmission of the power chain to the maximum extent, so that higher athletic performance capability is achieved, and on the contrary, the low-quality action mode enables the person to generate redundant actions in physical activities, so that the force is wasted in the conduction process of the power chain to a certain extent, the action efficiency is greatly reduced, and even athletic injuries are caused. No studies have been reported on the improvement of motor pattern quality in school-age children.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for assessing low-quality movements of school-age children for a certain movement based on the physical quality, motion pattern, and lower limb kinematics analysis of each school-age child.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of assessing low-mass motion of a school-age child, comprising the steps of:

(1) selecting common movements of school-age children as research targets;

(2) collecting basic data of school-age children, and obtaining the exercise injury condition of the school-age children aiming at a certain exercise;

(3) according to the sports injury condition of the school-age children, performing index test on the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of each school-age child, and acquiring test data for analysis to obtain the association between the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of the school-age children and the sports injury in a certain movement;

(4) therefore, whether the school-age child is in low-quality motion in a certain motion can be judged according to the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of the school-age child, and if the school-age child is in low-quality motion, corrective intervention is performed on the school-age child, and if the school-age child is not in low-quality motion, the intervention is not performed.

The working principle is that research proves that the FMS comprehensive score is less than or equal to 14 and is related to the increase of sports injury risk of young football players of 8-21 years old. In the FMS test, young football players perform worse function than young basketball players, and particularly, the performance is more obvious in three tests of straight line bow step, TSPU and four-foot rotation stability. Also in FMS assessment, motor familiarity disorders (single score ≦ 2) may be used to identify young athletes with an increased risk of potential injury. An australian study indicated that young men with football players experienced a greater incidence of sports injuries than the average players. In addition, the squat test of one leg in the kinematic chain is often used to detect quadriceps femoris muscle strength and the balance symmetry of muscles of both legs of one leg to assess the risk of knee joint injury and thereby prevent torn injury of the anterior cruciate ligament caused by falling to the ground or decelerating and sudden stop during exercise. Therefore, the risk of motion injury of the teenagers can be effectively identified through effective motion mode and motion chain function screening and detection of the motion ability. Athletes who experience pain in the lower back during and/or after a game may need to perform a "center stability" assessment, and testing of these trunk muscles may be required during their coordination with limb movements and in backboard snatching. Therefore, the posture and muscle balance assessment can also be used as a basis for judging the potential sports injury of the teenager children.

In order to better implement the present invention, further, in step (1), the common sports of the selected school-age children include basketball, football, badminton, and swimming. Among them, basketball, football, badminton, etc. are popular among students and parents due to their features of simple facilities and high entertainment.

In order to better implement the present invention, in step (2), the collected basic data of the school-age child includes sex, age, height, weight and arm spread, and the obtained exercise injury condition of the school-age child for a certain exercise includes exercise injury rate, injury position and injury type of the exercise.

In order to better implement the present invention, further, in step (3), the process of testing the physical quality of each school-age child includes: national physical testing of primary and secondary school students and American large muscle group development testing.

In order to better realize the invention, the testing process of the constitution of the students in middle and primary schools in China is to select 50 m running, standing long jump, grip strength, 5m sprint twice turning back, seat body forward bending, one minute lying up and sitting, 50X8 m endurance running, run-up and reach, double-foot hexagon jump testing, and the testing index is a specific testing result.

In order to better implement the present invention, further, the test process of the development of the american large muscle group is as follows: two subscales are divided: body movement ability and object manipulation ability, the body movement scale focuses on six skills: running, standing jump, striding jump, gliding, running and single/double foot jumping skills; the object operation scale integrates skills of throwing, kicking, catching, hitting, dribbling and groundrolling; the test index is evaluated by 3-5 action criteria for each skill.

In order to better implement the present invention, in step (3), the testing process of the motion pattern of each school-age child includes: a functional action screening and landing error scoring system.

In order to better implement the present invention, further, the specific process of functional motion screening is to use an FMS test module to perform a test, wherein the FMS test module is composed of 7 basic motion modes, and the excellent completion test requires muscle strength, flexibility, joint mobility, coordination, balance and proprioception; the method comprises the following steps of deep squatting, hurdling, straight line arrow walking, shoulder flexibility, active straight leg lifting, trunk stability push-up and trunk rotation stability, wherein the test indexes are that the full score of each test of the FMS is 3, and the total score is 21; FMS scores below 14 are considered to be of low quality for the motion pattern.

In order to better implement the present invention, the landing error scoring system further performs a testing process including: a subject stands on a 30cm jump box, marks the height 1.5 times of the height of the body in front of the jump box, jumps to a mark point from the jump box, and then jumps up in place immediately; the tester uses two cameras to score by each action of the decomposition by capturing frontal and sagittal plane motion; the total number of 10 observation indexes is counted, and each observation index is scored according to a scoring mode of normal 0 score and abnormal 1 score; lower scores indicate better function, higher scores indicate poorer function, and higher risk of injury.

In order to better realize the invention, further, the lower limb kinematics analysis in the step (3) is Vicon kinematics analysis, specifically Polygon 3.5.1 software and a camera are adopted to record the motion of the lower limbs in basketball motion of the school-age children, the imported software adopts an Euler angle principle method to calculate according to the motion track of the horizontal kicking technology, and the joint moment is standardized by adopting the product of height and physique; the test index is that the motion displacement and the time are calculated by adopting an average value, and the angles, the angular speeds, the joint moments and the motion speeds of the hip joint and the knee joint in 3 time periods are calculated by adopting the average value of the maximum value every time.

In order to better implement the present invention, further, the collected test data is processed and analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) according to the method, relevant factors of basketball movement injuries of the school-age children are analyzed through physical quality evaluation, overall movement mode screening and lower limb movement mode analysis and a Vicon three-dimensional movement capturing system, the relation between the movement modes and the basketball movement injuries of the school-age children is explored, and whether the movement mode abnormity can be high in occurrence rate of the movement injuries or not is determined;

(2) the invention carries out quantitative kinematics analysis on the lower limb movement mode through a Vicon three-dimensional movement capturing system. The Vicon infrared three-dimensional motion capture analysis system is a motion acquisition and analysis system for capturing passive luminous mark points by utilizing an infrared high-speed camera and constructing three-dimensional data, a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) sensor arranged in the infrared high-speed camera can simultaneously realize high resolution and high sampling frequency, and the real-time three-dimensional motion capture effect is good and the function is strong;

(3) the method provides data reference for the damage condition of basketball movement of the school-age children, and provides new thought and reference for the system evaluation and rehabilitation training strategy for the sport damage prevention and treatment of the school-age children.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

fig. 1 is a flow chart of the correlation experiment of physical quality and motion mode quality of a school-age child and basketball sport injury.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an experiment for studying the intervention effect of corrective training on the quality of the action pattern and the physical quality of the school-age children.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field without departing from the technical idea of the present invention, and the specific examples described herein are only for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1:

the embodiment provides a method for evaluating the low-quality motion of a school-age child, which comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting common movements of school-age children as research targets;

(3) according to the motion damage condition of the school-age children, carrying out index test on the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of each school-age child, acquiring test data for analysis, and obtaining the association between the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of the school-age children and the motion damage in a certain motion;

Example 2:

in this embodiment, basketball is selected as a research target for the common sports of children of school age, and the basketball sports injury characteristics of children of specific school age are investigated:

and performing epidemiological investigation on the basketball sports injury of the school-age children by using a sports injury questionnaire, and analyzing the characteristic factors of the basketball sports injury of the school-age children.

Study subjects:

(1) subject recruitment

About 800 children recruiting basketball training in the basketball club.

(2) Inclusion criteria were: basketball clubs agreed to participate in school-aged children 6-12 years old by legal guardians.

(3) Exclusion criteria: there is a history of systemic diseases (such as cancer, arthritis, heart disease) or nervous system diseases (such as head injury, cerebral palsy), intellectual impairment, and cardiovascular related diseases.

(4) Standard of detachment

Firstly, quitting club persons during the test period;

quitting the tester by parents or children during the test period;

the research method comprises the following steps:

by sport Injury questionnaire (IHQ, Injury History quetonnaire): the investigation method and the steps: data such as sex, age, height, weight, arm extension, exercise injury rate, injury position, injury type and the like of the children of the school age of the club are collected. Analyzing the occurrence rate, severity, position, age, sex and type of sports injury.

Example 3:

the present embodiment provides: the correlation experiment of physical quality and motion mode quality of school-age children and basketball sports injury is shown in fig. 1, and the concrete steps are as follows:

the research content is as follows:

according to The sports injury condition of The earlier research and investigation, The relevance between The sports injury condition and The basketball sports injury is researched by analyzing The physical quality, The action mode and The lower limb kinematics characteristics of The school-age children through comprehensively applying indexes such as Functional Movement Screens (FMS), national school students physique tests, American big muscle group Development tests (TGMD-2), Landing Error Scoring Systems (LESS), Vicon three-dimensional kinematics tests and The like.

Study subjects and groups:

approximately 120 subjects who were willing to participate in study two were recruited from the school-age child of study one.

Based on the motor impairment findings of study one, subjects were classified as: sports injury group and healthy control group. All patients' immediate relatives in the experiment were informed and consented to the study.

The research method comprises the following steps:

(1) physical quality

National physical testing of primary and secondary school students:

the test method comprises the following steps: based on the national physical testing standards of students in middle and primary schools, 50 meters of running, standing long jump, grip strength, 5 meters of sprinting and twice turning back, forward bending of a sitting body, one minute of sit-up, 50X8 meters of endurance running, run-up and touch-up and double-foot hexagonal jump testing are selected.

Testing indexes are as follows: the above test results

Testing of the development of the American large muscle group:

the test method comprises the following steps: the scale consists of 12 subjects, divided into two sub-tables: body movement ability and object manipulation ability. The body movement scale is focused on six skills: running, standing jump, striding jump, gliding, running and single/double jump skills. The object operation scale focuses on throwing, kicking, catching, hitting, dribbling, and groundrolling skills.

Testing indexes are as follows: each skill is evaluated by 3-5 action criteria. Subject score and test criteria for a physical movement skill sub-component are shown in the following table

(2) Mode of operation

Functional action screening:

equipment: FMS test assembly

The test method comprises the following steps: the FMS consists of 7 basic motion patterns, and excellent performance tests require muscle strength, flexibility, joint mobility, coordination, balance, and proprioception. Respectively deep squat, hurdle step, straight line arrow step, shoulder flexibility, active straight leg raising, trunk stability push-up, and trunk rotation stability.

Testing indexes are as follows: FMS tests were rated 3 full and 21 full for each test. FMS scores below 14 are considered to be of low quality for the mode of action.

The landing error scoring system comprises:

the test method comprises the following steps: a subject stands on a 30cm jump box, marks the height 1.5 times of the height of the body in front of the jump box, jumps to a mark point from the jump box, and then jumps up in place immediately; the tester uses two cameras to capture frontal and sagittal plane motion. Scoring is performed by each action of the decomposition.

And (3) testing indexes: the total number of 10 observation indexes is counted, and each observation index is scored according to a scoring mode of normal 0 score and abnormal 1 score; a lower score indicates better function, a higher score indicates poorer function and a higher risk of injury; score > 5 points, not suggesting a sporting event, and particularly paying attention to the need for jumping

Jumping over and landing on ground

(3) Lower extremity kinematics analysis

Vicon kinematic analysis

Equipment: the software of Polygon 3.5.1 developed by Vicon corporation, UK, and camera were used

The test method comprises the following steps: the movement of the lower limbs of the school-age children in the basketball movement is recorded, and the imported software calculates according to the transverse kicking technical movement track by adopting an Euler angle principle method. The joint moments were normalized by the product of height and body mass (BH × BW).

Testing indexes are as follows: the motion displacement and the time are calculated by adopting average values, and the angles, the angular velocities, the joint moments and the motion velocities of the hip joint and the knee joint in 3 time periods are calculated by adopting the average value of the maximum value each time.

And performing quantitative kinematics analysis on the lower limb movement mode through a Vicon three-dimensional movement capturing system.

The Vicon infrared three-dimensional motion capture analysis system is a motion acquisition and analysis system for capturing passive luminous mark points by utilizing an infrared high-speed camera and constructing three-dimensional data, a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) sensor arranged in the infrared high-speed camera can simultaneously realize high resolution and high sampling frequency, and the real-time three-dimensional motion capture effect is good and the function is strong.

The system realizes the fusion of video animation and three-dimensional space by using a 1600-million pixel camera, realizes the world excellent full-resolution sampling frequency, combines a unique sensor technology, adopts a CMOS sensor to realize a full-electronic shutter, detects the central position of a reflecting point at high precision by a 10-Bit gray scale and ellipse approximation method, is configured with a super stroboscopic light source in a standard way, further realizes the illumination of 2-7 times, combines static and dynamic calibration tools, simplifies the calibration work to the maximum extent, and realizes the biological feedback by sound.

(4) And (3) data analysis: processing was performed using SPSS 18.0 software. All experimental data are expressed in x ± s, and the inter-group comparisons were performed using independent sample t-tests. p < 0.05 is statistically different.

Example 4:

the embodiment explores the intervention effect of the correction training on the action pattern quality and the physical quality of the school-age children, as shown in fig. 2, the specific contents are as follows:

the research content is as follows:

the quality of the motion mode and the physical quality of the children are analyzed by carrying out 12-week targeted correction training intervention on the children with the impairment school age and the children with the non-impairment school age respectively, and the front-back comparison is carried out respectively to explore the quality effect of the correction training on the motion mode of the children with the school age. And followed for 6 weeks follow-up to follow-up the occurrence of lesions.

Study subjects and groups:

approximately 50 subjects who participated in study three were recruited from study two. Based on the motor impairment findings of study one, subjects were classified as: sports injury group and healthy control group. All school-age children's immediate relatives in the experiment were informed and agreed to perform the study.

The research method comprises the following steps: the study performed longitudinal control of injured children versus non-injured children, with intervention being corrective training intervention at 12 weeks, 3 times per week, 45 min. After the intervention is finished, the baseline index test is carried out again. And performing follow-up visit for 24 weeks after intervention is completed, wherein the follow-up visit content is the occurrence condition of sports injury.

(1) Index test (research two)

(2) The intervention method comprises the following steps: take assisted deep squat (assisted deep squat) as an example

The elastic band is arranged at a high position, and the middle part of the elastic tube is arranged at the back. The foam handle was grasped and the bungee tube was positioned under the arm. The arms are kept relaxed while doing the movements. The distance between the feet is kept as wide as the shoulder. Bending knees to squat deeply, keeping the distance between knees and flatly pasting soles on the ground. Crouching slowly as low as possible. The whole process is carried out by pushing out the chest to keep the trunk above the feet. Away from the position where the elastic tube is fixed to increase difficulty or increase a wood board capable of lifting the heel for better squatting. Each set of actions was performed 5-8 times for a total of 3 sets with 30 seconds between sets.

(3) And (3) data analysis: processing was performed using SPSS 18.0 software. All experimental data are expressed in x + -s, and the measurement data before and after intervention are compared by adopting a paired t test. The data result p < 0.05 is statistically significant.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of assessing low-mass motion of a school-age child, comprising the steps of:

(1) selecting common movements of school-age children as research targets;

(3) according to the sports injury condition of the school-age children, performing index test on the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of each school-age child, acquiring test data for analysis, and obtaining the association between the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of the school-age children and the sports injury in a certain movement;

(4) therefore, whether the school-age child is in low-quality motion in a certain motion can be judged according to the physical quality, the motion mode and the lower limb kinematics analysis of the school-age child, if so, corrective intervention is carried out on the school-age child, and if not, no intervention is carried out.

2. The method for evaluating the low-mass exercise of the school-age child according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2), the collected basic data of the school-age child comprises sex, age, height, weight and arm spread, and the obtained exercise injury condition of the school-age child for a certain exercise comprises the exercise injury rate, injury position and injury type of the exercise.

3. The method for evaluating the low-mass motion of the school-age children according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step (3) of testing the physical quality of each school-age child comprises: national physical tests of primary and secondary school students and American large muscle group development tests.

4. The method according to claim 4, wherein the testing process of the physique of the students in middle and primary schools in the country is to select the tests of 50-meter running, standing long jump, grip strength, 5-meter sprint twice turning back, seat body forward bending, one-minute sit-up, 50X 8-meter endurance running, run-up and high touch, and two-foot hexagonal jump, and the test indexes are specific test performances.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the test procedure for the development of the American macromuscular group is as follows: two subscales are divided: physical movement ability and object manipulation ability, the physical movement scale focuses on six skills: running, standing jump, striding jump, gliding, running and single/double foot jumping skills; the object operation scale focuses on the skills of throwing, kicking, catching, hitting, dribbling and groundrolling; the test index is evaluated by 3-5 action criteria for each skill.

6. The method for evaluating the low-quality sports of the school-age children according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step (3) of testing the motion pattern of each school-age child comprises: a functional action screening and landing error scoring system.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the functional movement screening is performed by using an FMS testing module, the FMS testing module comprises 7 basic movement patterns, and the excellent performance of the test requires muscle strength, flexibility, joint mobility, coordination, balance and proprioception; the method comprises the following steps of deep squatting, hurdling, straight line arrow walking, shoulder flexibility, active straight leg lifting, trunk stability push-up and trunk rotation stability, wherein the test indexes are that the full score of each test of the FMS is 3, and the total score is 21; FMS scores below 14 are considered poor quality motion patterns.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the landing error scoring system performs the test by: a subject stands on a 30cm jump box, marks the height 1.5 times of the height of the body in front of the jump box, jumps to a mark point from the jump box, and then jumps up in place immediately; the tester uses two cameras to score by each action of the decomposition by capturing frontal and sagittal plane motion; the total number of 10 observation indexes is counted, and each observation index is scored according to a scoring mode of normal 0 score and abnormal 1 score; lower scores indicate better function, higher scores indicate poorer function, and higher risk of injury.

9. The method for evaluating the low-mass motion of the school-age children according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower limb kinematics analysis in the step (3) is a kinematics analysis that the Vicon three-dimensional motion capture system quantifies the lower limb motion mode, specifically, the motion of the lower limbs in the basketball motion of the school-age children is recorded by adopting a Polygon 3.5.1 software and a camera, the lead-in software calculates the motion track according to the transverse kicking technology by adopting the Euler angle principle method, and the joint moment is standardized by adopting the product of height and body mass; the test indexes are that the motion displacement and the time are calculated by adopting average values, and the angles, the angular speeds, the joint moments and the motion speeds of the hip joint and the knee joint in 3 time periods are calculated by adopting the average values of the maximum values each time.

10. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the collected test data is processed and analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software.