CN114414525B - Based on semiconductor laser NO2Column concentration detection device and detection method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a detection device and a detection method based on the concentration of a semiconductor laser NO 2 column, which are characterized in that a laser light source, a receiving system and a signal processing module are arranged; the laser light source is a continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source; the receiving system is a receiving device for receiving the continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source and is used for receiving the NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere to reflect scattered light; the signal processing module is connected with the receiving system and is used for amplifying and processing the received optical signals. According to the invention, the laser light source and the receiving system are arranged to realize the optical detection of NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere, and the backscattering optical signals of two wave bands received by the signal processing module are subjected to differential processing by using a laser radar equation, so that the concentration of the NO 2 column can be obtained; the whole device has the advantages of simple structure, more convenient use, more economy and practicability, stability and reliability, high detection accuracy, good application prospect and wide popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pollution source emission flux optical telemetry, in particular to a detection device and a detection method based on semiconductor laser NO 2 column concentration.
Background
At present, the concentration of the NO 2 column is measured mostly by using solar scattered light as a light source in the daytime, and the concentration of the inclined column of NO 2 on a certain path is inverted by using a passive DOAS method and then converted into the concentration of the column. The passive DOAS method can detect near the ground, has high sensitivity, is influenced by solar scattered light, and cannot realize night measurement. And the night measurement can be realized by using the radar, the spatial resolution is high, the measurement range is wide, but the radar system is complex, the volume is huge, and the cost is high.
Therefore, a simple, portable, more stable and reliable NO 2 column concentration detection instrument is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection device and a detection method based on the concentration of a semiconductor laser NO 2 column, and aims to solve the technical problems that the detection device of the concentration of the NO 2 column is complex and inconvenient to use at the present stage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The detection device based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column comprises a laser light source, a receiving system and a signal processing module; the laser light source is a continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source and is used for generating detection light corresponding to NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere;
The receiving system is a receiving device for receiving the continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source and is used for receiving the NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere to reflect and scatter light;
The signal processing module is connected with the receiving system and is used for amplifying and processing the received optical signals.
As a further improvement of the invention, the laser light source comprises a continuously tunable semiconductor laser, a collimator mirror and an equatorial; the semiconductor laser is used for emitting detection light; the collimating mirror is used for collimating the emitted light of the semiconductor laser; the equatorial telescope is used to change the direction and angle of the emission system.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the continuously tunable semiconductor laser comprises a current control system and a collimation system; the current control system is used for controlling the magnitude of the current injected into the semiconductor laser so as to control the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser; the collimation system is used for shaping and collimating the divergent semiconductor laser.
As a further improvement of the invention, the continuously tunable semiconductor laser further comprises a high resolution spectrometer; the spectrometer is used for calibrating the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser.
As a further development of the invention, the receiving system comprises a cassegrain telescope, an equatorial telescope and a photodetector; the Cassegrain telescope is used for receiving the backward scattered light; the equatorial telescope is used for changing the direction and the angle of the Cassegrain telescope; the photodetector is a Si-based photodetector with a preamplifier.
As a further improvement of the invention, a bracket is also arranged; the laser light source and the receiving system are positioned on the bracket; the laser light source and the receiving system are on the same horizontal line; the laser light source and the receiving system are arranged at the same side interval.
The detection method based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column comprises the following steps:
Step one, adjusting injection current of semiconductor laser to enable emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser to be located at an absorption peak lambda on of NO 2;
Adjusting the included angle and the direction of the equatorial telescope of the transmitting device and the receiving device to enable the receiving telescope to be aligned with the light beam at a certain height z and receive the backward scattered light signal;
Step three, scattered light is converged on a photosensitive surface of the Si-based photoelectric detector by the telescope, and then converted into a voltage signal by the Si-based photoelectric detector to be output;
Step four, adjusting the injection current of the semiconductor laser to enable the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser to be positioned at the position of NO 2 absorption Gu off;
Fifthly, the included angle and the direction of the equatorial telescope are not changed, so that the receiving telescope receives the back scattering light signals with the same height at the moment;
and step six, performing differential processing on the received back scattering optical signals of the two wave bands by using a laser radar equation to obtain the column concentration of NO 2 at the height z.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the laser light source and the receiving system are arranged to realize the optical detection of NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere, and the backscattering optical signals of two wave bands received by the signal processing module are subjected to differential processing by using a laser radar equation, so that the concentration of the NO 2 column can be obtained; the whole device has the advantages of simple structure, more convenient use, more economy and practicability, stability and reliability, high detection accuracy, good application prospect and wide popularization value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a detecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the collimating mirror structure of the emission system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a Cassegrain telescope of the receiver system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the detection method of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. A laser light source; 11. a semiconductor laser; 111. a collimation system; 2. a receiving system; cassegrain telescope; 3. a source of NO 2 pollution; 4. and (3) a bracket.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is further described with reference to fig. 1 to 4:
Specifically, the detection device based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column comprises a laser light source 1, a receiving system 2 and a signal processing module; the laser light source 1 is a continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source and is used for generating detection light corresponding to NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere;
The receiving system 2 is a receiving device for receiving a continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source and is used for receiving NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere to reflect scattered light;
The signal processing module is connected to the receiving system 2 for amplifying and processing the received optical signal.
According to the invention, the laser light source and the receiving system are arranged to realize the optical detection of NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere, and the backscattering optical signals of two wave bands received by the signal processing module are subjected to differential processing by using a laser radar equation, so that the concentration of the NO 2 column can be obtained; the whole device has the advantages of simple structure, more convenient use, more economy and practicability, stability and reliability, high detection accuracy, good application prospect and wide popularization value.
In one embodiment, the laser source 1 comprises a continuously tunable semiconductor laser 11, a collimator mirror and an equatorial; the semiconductor laser 11 is used for emitting detection light; the collimating mirror is used for collimating the emitted light of the semiconductor laser; the equatorial telescope is used to change the direction and angle of the emission system.
Further, the continuously tunable semiconductor laser 11 comprises a current control system and a collimation system 111; the current control system is used for controlling the magnitude of the current injected into the semiconductor laser 11, thereby controlling the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser 11; the collimation system 111 is used for shaping and collimating the divergent semiconductor laser.
Further, the continuously tunable semiconductor laser 11 further includes a high resolution spectrometer; the spectrometer is used for calibrating the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser.
In one embodiment, the receiving system 2 comprises a cassegrain telescope, an equatorial telescope, and a photodetector; the Cassegrain telescope is used for receiving the backward scattered light; the equatorial telescope is used for changing the direction and the angle of the Cassegrain telescope; the photodetector is a Si-based photodetector with a preamplifier.
Note that, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The equatorial telescope can adjust the azimuth angle of the telescope to aim at the backward scattered light with a certain height z; the Cassegrain telescope is used for converging the back scattered light to the photosensitive surface of the photodetector.
Preferably, the photodetector is a Si-based photodetector with a preamplifier, and the backscattered light received by the telescope is collected on a photosensitive surface of the Si-based photodetector, and the detector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal.
In an embodiment, a bracket 4 is also provided; the laser light source 1 and the receiving system 2 are positioned and arranged on the bracket 4; the laser light source 1 and the receiving system 2 are on the same horizontal line; the laser light source 1 and the receiving system 2 are arranged at the same side interval.
The detection method based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column comprises the following steps:
Step one, adjusting injection current of semiconductor laser to enable emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser to be located at an absorption peak lambda on of NO 2;
Adjusting the included angle and the direction of the equatorial telescope of the transmitting device and the receiving device to enable the receiving telescope to be aligned with the light beam at a certain height z and receive the backward scattered light signal;
Step three, scattered light is converged on a photosensitive surface of the Si-based photoelectric detector by the telescope, and then converted into a voltage signal by the Si-based photoelectric detector to be output;
Step four, adjusting the injection current of the semiconductor laser to enable the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser to be positioned at the position of NO 2 absorption Gu off;
Fifthly, the included angle and the direction of the equatorial telescope are not changed, so that the receiving telescope receives the back scattering light signals with the same height at the moment;
and step six, performing differential processing on the received back scattering optical signals of the two wave bands by using a laser radar equation to obtain the column concentration of NO 2 at the height z.
In one embodiment, based on a quantitative calculation method of the concentration of a semiconductor laser NO 2 column, a transmitting device is installed on an equatorial telescope 1, the transmitting angle of a transmitting system is regulated to be theta 1, a current control system of the semiconductor laser is regulated to enable the transmitting wavelength to be at lambda on, a Cassegrain telescope is installed on the equatorial telescope, the receiving angle of a receiving system is regulated to be theta 2, a distance D between the transmitting system and the receiving system is measured, a detected vertical height z, a transmitting light propagation distance h 1 and a receiving scattered light propagation distance h 2 can be obtained through a trigonometric function, at the moment, the detected scattered light intensity is P (lambda off, z), two angles are not changed, the current of the control system of the semiconductor laser is regulated to change the laser wavelength to lambda off, and at the moment, the light intensity detected by a detector is P (lambda off, z); the method specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step: using the differential absorption lidar equation, there are:
Where N s (z) is the NO 2 average molecular number density over a distance h 1, k is a system parameter, Δσ is the NO 2 absorption cross-sectional difference: Δσ=σ (λ on,T)-σ(λoff, T); defining the concentration of the inclined column:
And a second step of: column concentration was defined:
where AMF is an atmospheric quality factor, in general Alpha is the included angle between the column concentration and the diagonal column concentration;
And a third step of: taking the logarithm of two sides of a differential absorption laser radar equation, and changing the equation into:
where N V (z) is the NO 2 average molecular number density over the vertical distance z and B is the atmospheric backscatter correction term:
e A is the atmospheric aerosol extinction correction term:
e M is an atmospheric molecular extinction correction term:
Fourth step: since λ on≈λoff, where B, E A and E M can be eliminated, the NO 2 molecular number density can be reduced to:
The NO 2 average molecular number density N V (z) over the vertical distance z can be calculated using the above formula.
The application uses continuous light tunable semiconductor laser as a light source, uses a differential absorption laser radar equation to carry out inversion, and can detect the concentration of the NO 2 column at any azimuth angle. According to the method, the column concentration of NO 2 at the height z can be obtained, the calculation accuracy is high, the calculation efficiency is greatly improved, and the method is stable and reliable.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The detection method based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column is based on a detection device based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column, and is characterized in that:
The detection device based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column comprises a laser light source, a receiving system and a signal processing module;
The laser light source is a continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source and is used for generating detection light corresponding to NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere; the laser light source comprises a continuously tunable semiconductor laser, a collimating mirror and an equatorial telescope; the semiconductor laser is used for emitting detection light; the collimating mirror is used for collimating the emitted light of the semiconductor laser; the equatorial telescope is used for changing the direction and the angle of the transmitting system; wherein the continuously tunable semiconductor laser comprises a current control system and a collimation system; the current control system is used for controlling the magnitude of the current injected into the semiconductor laser so as to control the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser; the collimation system is used for shaping and collimating the divergent semiconductor laser;
the receiving system is a receiving device for receiving the continuous light tunable semiconductor laser emission light source and is used for receiving the NO 2 molecules in the atmosphere to reflect and scatter light; the receiving system comprises a Cassegrain telescope, an equatorial telescope and a photoelectric detector; the Cassegrain telescope is used for receiving the backward scattered light; the equatorial telescope is used for changing the direction and the angle of the Cassegrain telescope; the photoelectric detector is a Si-based photoelectric detector with a preamplifier;
The signal processing module is connected with the receiving system and is used for amplifying and processing the received optical signals;
The detection method comprises the following steps:
step one, adjusting the injection current of the semiconductor laser to ensure that the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser is positioned at the absorption peak of NO 2 A place;
Adjusting the included angle and the direction of the equatorial telescope of the transmitting device and the receiving device to enable the receiving telescope to be aligned with the light beam at a certain height z and receive the backward scattered light signal;
Step three, scattered light is converged on a photosensitive surface of the Si-based photoelectric detector by the telescope, and then converted into a voltage signal by the Si-based photoelectric detector to be output;
Step four, adjusting the injection current of the semiconductor laser to ensure that the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser is positioned in the absorption valley of the NO 2 A place;
Fifthly, the included angle and the direction of the equatorial telescope are not changed, so that the receiving telescope receives the back scattering light signals with the same height at the moment;
Step six, performing differential processing on the received back scattering optical signals of the two wave bands by using a laser radar equation to obtain the column concentration of NO 2 at the height z;
wherein, the transmitting device is arranged on the equatorial telescope, and the transmitting angle of the transmitting system is adjusted to be Current control system for adjusting semiconductor laser to make emission wavelength at/>The Cassegrain telescope is arranged on the equatorial telescope, and the receiving angle of the receiving system is adjusted to be/>The distance D between the transmitting system and the receiving system is measured, the detection vertical height z can be obtained by a trigonometric function, and the transmission distance/>Receiving scattered light propagation distance/>The intensity of the scattered light detected at this time is/>; The current of a control system of the semiconductor laser is adjusted to change the laser wavelength to/>, without changing two anglesAt this time, the light intensity detected by the detector is/>; The method specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step: using the differential absorption lidar equation, there are:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is distance/>On/>Average molecular number Density,/>Is a system parameter,/>Is/>Absorption cross section difference: /(I); Defining the concentration of the inclined column:
And a second step of: column concentration was defined:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is an atmospheric quality factor, general/>,/>Is the included angle between the column concentration and the diagonal column concentration;
And a third step of: taking the logarithm of two sides of a differential absorption laser radar equation, and changing the equation into:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is/>, over a vertical distance zAverage molecular number density, B is the atmospheric backscatter correction term:
is an atmospheric aerosol extinction correction term:
Is an atmospheric molecular extinction correction term:
Fourth step: due to Wherein B,/>And/>Erasing,/>The molecular number density is reduced to:
Using the above formula, the vertical distance z can be calculated Average molecular number Density/>。
2. The method for detecting the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the continuously tunable semiconductor laser further comprises a high resolution spectrometer; the spectrometer is used for calibrating the emission wavelength of the semiconductor laser.
3. The method for detecting the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the detector based on the concentration of the semiconductor laser NO 2 column is also provided with a bracket; the laser light source and the receiving system are positioned on the bracket; the laser light source and the receiving system are on the same horizontal line; the laser light source and the receiving system are arranged at the same side interval.
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