CN114413695B - Static hydraulic blasting device and construction process thereof - Google Patents
Static hydraulic blasting device and construction process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114413695B CN114413695B CN202210084107.3A CN202210084107A CN114413695B CN 114413695 B CN114413695 B CN 114413695B CN 202210084107 A CN202210084107 A CN 202210084107A CN 114413695 B CN114413695 B CN 114413695B
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/14—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by boring or drilling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a static hydraulic blasting device and a construction process thereof, which belong to the technical field of static hydraulic blasting, and comprise a splitting rod main body, wherein the lower end of the splitting rod main body is connected with a hydraulic seat, a hydraulic cavity is arranged in the upper side of the hydraulic seat, an impeller is arranged in the hydraulic cavity, a rock-soil guide cavity is arranged in the lower side of the hydraulic seat, a connecting shaft is arranged in the rock-soil guide cavity, and the lower end of the connecting shaft is sleeved with a material conveying drill bit; a guide groove is formed in the vertical direction of the rock-soil guide cavity relative to the movement of the telescopic piston; the material conveying drill bit comprises a cutter disc, a plurality of material guiding blades are arranged on the cutter disc, and a material conveying groove is arranged between two adjacent material guiding blades, so that rock and soil crushed by the material conveying drill bit is discharged from a rock and soil discharging channel to a crack. According to the invention, the structure of the existing hydraulic splitting rod is improved, and the drill bit structure with the directional guide function driven by the high-pressure oil way is arranged at the lower end of the splitting rod main body, so that the traditional static hydraulic blasting means requiring layer-by-layer construction can be used for continuous construction, and the construction efficiency and safety are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of static hydraulic blasting, in particular to a static hydraulic blasting device and a construction process thereof.
Background
The static blasting construction process of the currently used hydraulic splitting machine is as follows: drilling a hole in a rock mass, and hanging a hydraulic splitting machine into the hole through a crane for installation, wherein the hydraulic splitting machine comprises a splitting oil cylinder, the end part of a piston rod of the splitting oil cylinder is connected with a splitting machine head, the splitting oil cylinder is connected with a hydraulic pump station, and the hydraulic splitting machine further comprises a handle arranged on the end part and the side wall. After the splitting machine is started, a piston rod running longitudinally drives the splitting machine head to generate a transverse splitting force so as to split rocks and concrete; after the primary splitting, the drilling depth is further prolonged, the steps are repeated to carry out the deep splitting, and as can be seen from the description, the conventional static hydraulic blasting technology needs to achieve the deep splitting of the rock mass, and the operation steps are complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a static hydraulic blasting device and a construction process thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
2. Technical proposal
The static hydraulic blasting device comprises a splitting rod main body with a plurality of telescopic pistons, wherein the lower end of the splitting rod main body is connected with a hydraulic seat, a hydraulic cavity is formed in the upper side of the hydraulic seat, an impeller is arranged in the hydraulic cavity, a rock-soil guide cavity communicated with the bottom surface is formed in the lower side of the hydraulic seat, a connecting shaft is vertically arranged in the rock-soil guide cavity, the upper end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the inner top surface of the rock-soil guide cavity to extend into the hydraulic cavity to be coaxially connected with the impeller, and the lower end of the connecting shaft extends to the lower part of the connecting shaft to be sleeved with a material conveying drill bit;
two guide grooves communicated with the outside are symmetrically formed in the rock-soil guide cavity in the vertical direction relative to the movement of the telescopic piston;
the material conveying drill bit comprises a cutter disc coaxially connected with the lower end of the connecting shaft, a plurality of material guiding blades are arranged on the cutter disc at equal intervals in an annular mode, a material conveying groove is arranged between every two adjacent material guiding blades, a feeding cavity is formed by the lower end of the material conveying groove and the lower cutter bodies of the two adjacent material guiding blades, a discharging cavity is formed by the upper end of the material conveying groove and the upper cutter bodies of the two adjacent material guiding blades, and the discharging cavity, the rock and soil material guiding cavity and the material guiding groove are communicated to form a rock and soil discharging channel.
Preferably, the top surface of the splitting rod main body is respectively provided with a high-pressure oil inlet nozzle and a low-pressure oil inlet nozzle, the side surface of the lower end of the splitting rod main body and the same side of the low-pressure oil inlet nozzle are provided with a low-pressure oil outlet nozzle communicated through a low-pressure oil path, the same side of the bottom surface of the splitting rod main body and the high-pressure oil inlet nozzle is provided with a high-pressure oil outlet nozzle communicated through a high-pressure oil path, and the high-pressure oil outlet nozzle is communicated with an oil inlet hole on a hydraulic seat.
Preferably, the oil inlet hole comprises an oil inlet part vertically communicated with the high-pressure oil outlet nozzle, and the lower end of the oil inlet part is provided with an oil outlet part communicated with the hydraulic cavity in a spiral structure, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil discharged through the oil outlet part is injected into the blade along the tangential direction of the impeller.
Preferably, an oil drain hole is formed in the hydraulic seat and located below the oil inlet, and an outlet of the oil drain hole is connected with an oil drain nozzle.
Preferably, the two guide tanks are arranged in a butterfly structure.
Rounded corners are formed at the joints of the rock-soil guide cavities and the guide grooves.
The guide blade consists of an upper arc plough piece and a lower arc plough piece which are oppositely arranged, and the distance between the two adjacent arc plough pieces positioned at the lower side is smaller than the distance between the two adjacent arc plough pieces positioned at the upper side.
A static hydraulic blasting construction process comprises the following steps,
s1, cleaning a site;
s2, drilling holes on the top surface of the rock mass in the field by using a drilling machine;
s3, placing the static hydraulic blasting device in the hole;
s4, connecting the static hydraulic blasting device with a hydraulic power station;
s5, closing an oil return oil way of the oil drain nozzle, outputting pressure into a high-pressure oil way through an ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station, driving an oil cylinder by high-pressure oil to generate pushing force, and pushing a movable piston on the split rod main body to move outwards, so that acting force generated by the piston acts on a split hole wall to form a crack;
s6, cracking the rock in a preset direction under a huge acting force;
s7, outputting pressure into the low-pressure oil path through the ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station so that the pushed piston is reset;
s8, opening an oil return oil way of the oil drain nozzle, outputting pressure into the high-pressure oil way through the ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station, enabling high-pressure oil to flow through the hydraulic cavity and then driving the material conveying drill bit to crush rock downwards in the drill hole under the action of fluid resistance, enabling the static hydraulic blasting device to extend downwards under the action of gravity, and guiding crushed rock and soil into the cracks.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the structure of the existing hydraulic splitting rod is improved, and the drill bit structure with the directional guide function driven by the high-pressure oil way is arranged at the lower end of the splitting rod main body, so that the traditional static hydraulic blasting means requiring layer-by-layer construction can be used for continuous construction, and the construction efficiency and safety are improved.
2. The invention also provides a power output oil way, and the drill bit structure with the directional guide function can be directly driven through the oil way structure provided by the invention without the aid of the arrangement of an external driving structure, so that the increase of production cost and maintenance cost caused by the complex structure is avoided, and the simplicity of operation and the improvement of construction safety are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one side of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the other side of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure and a connection structure of a hydraulic seat according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydraulic seat according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a material conveying drill bit according to the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1. a split rod body; 2. a hydraulic seat; 3. a hydraulic chamber; 4. an impeller; 5. a rock-soil guide cavity; 6. a connecting shaft; 7. a material conveying drill bit; 8. a guide groove; 9. a cutterhead; 10. a material guiding blade; 11. a material conveying groove; 12. high-pressure oil inlet nozzle; 13. a low pressure oil inlet nozzle; 14. a low-pressure oil outlet nozzle; 15. an oil inlet hole; 16. a drain nozzle; 17. and (5) rounding.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the static hydraulic blasting device comprises a splitting rod main body 1 with a plurality of telescopic pistons, wherein the lower end of the splitting rod main body 1 is connected with a hydraulic seat 2, a hydraulic cavity 3 is formed in the upper side of the hydraulic seat 2, an impeller 4 is arranged in the hydraulic cavity 3, a rock-soil material guiding cavity 5 communicated with the bottom surface is formed in the lower side of the hydraulic seat 2, a connecting shaft 6 is vertically arranged in the rock-soil material guiding cavity 5, the upper end of the connecting shaft 6 penetrates through the inner top surface of the rock-soil material guiding cavity 5 to extend into the hydraulic cavity 3 and be coaxially connected with the impeller 4, and a material conveying drill bit 7 is sleeved on the lower end of the connecting shaft 6;
two guide grooves 8 communicated with the outside are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction of the rock-soil guide cavity 5 relative to the movement of the telescopic piston;
the material conveying drill bit 7 comprises a cutter disc 9 coaxially connected with the lower end of the connecting shaft 6, a plurality of material guiding blades 10 are arranged on the cutter disc 9 in an annular equidistant manner, a material conveying groove 11 is arranged between two adjacent material guiding blades 10, the lower end of the material conveying groove 11 and the lower cutter bodies of the two adjacent material guiding blades 10 form a feeding cavity, the upper end of the material conveying groove 11 and the upper cutter bodies of the two adjacent material guiding blades 10 form a discharging cavity, and the discharging cavity, the rock and soil material guiding cavity 5 and the material guiding groove 8 are communicated to form a rock and soil discharging channel. According to the invention, through improving the structure of the existing hydraulic splitting rod, the drill bit structure with the directional guiding function driven by the high-pressure oil way is arranged at the lower end of the splitting rod main body 1, so that the traditional static hydraulic blasting means requiring layer-by-layer construction can be used for continuous construction, and the construction efficiency and safety are improved.
Specifically, the top surface of the splitting rod main body 1 is respectively provided with a high-pressure oil inlet nozzle 12 and a low-pressure oil inlet nozzle 13, the same side of the side surface of the lower end of the splitting rod main body 1 and the low-pressure oil inlet nozzle 13 is provided with a low-pressure oil outlet nozzle 14 communicated through a low-pressure oil path, the same side of the bottom surface of the splitting rod main body 1 and the high-pressure oil inlet nozzle 12 is provided with a high-pressure oil outlet nozzle communicated through a high-pressure oil path, and the high-pressure oil outlet nozzle is communicated with an oil inlet hole 15 on the hydraulic seat 2.
Further, the oil inlet hole 15 includes an oil inlet portion vertically communicated with the high-pressure oil outlet nozzle, and an oil outlet portion communicated with the hydraulic chamber 3 is arranged at the lower end of the oil inlet portion in a spiral structure, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil discharged through the oil outlet portion is injected into the vane along the tangential direction of the impeller 4. The invention also provides a power output oil way, and the drill bit structure with the directional guide function can be directly driven through the oil way structure provided by the invention without the aid of the arrangement of an external driving structure, so that the increase of production cost and maintenance cost caused by the complex structure is avoided, and the simplicity of operation and the improvement of construction safety are facilitated.
Still further, an oil drain hole is formed in the hydraulic seat 2 below the oil inlet, and an outlet of the oil drain hole is connected with an oil drain nozzle 16.
Furthermore, the two guide grooves 8 are arranged in a butterfly structure. The butterfly structure is beneficial to avoiding rigid extrusion of the crushed rock soil to the structure.
It is worth to say that the connection of the rock-soil material guiding cavity 5 and the material guiding groove 8 is provided with a round corner 17. The provision of the rounded corners 17 facilitates the guiding out of the broken rock and soil towards the guide chute 8.
It should be noted that the guide blade 10 is composed of upper and lower circular-arc plough blades arranged oppositely, and the distance between two adjacent circular-arc plough blades on the lower side is smaller than the distance between two adjacent circular-arc plough blades on the upper side. Through the arrangement, the broken rock and soil is favorably reduced by the upward pressure between the blades, and the downward pressure is increased, so that the broken rock and soil flows into the rock and soil guide cavity 5 from the conveying chute 11 until being scattered from the rock and soil discharge channel into cracks.
In addition, the static hydraulic blasting construction process comprises the following steps,
s1, cleaning a site;
s2, drilling holes on the top surface of the rock mass in the field by using a drilling machine;
s3, placing a static hydraulic blasting device in the hole;
s4, connecting the static hydraulic blasting device with a hydraulic power station;
s5, closing an oil return oil way of the oil drain nozzle 16, outputting pressure into a high-pressure oil way through an ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station, driving an oil cylinder by high-pressure oil to generate pushing force, and pushing a movable piston on the split rod main body 1 to move outwards, so that acting force generated by the piston acts on a split hole wall to form a crack;
s6, cracking the rock in a preset direction under a huge acting force;
s7, outputting pressure into the low-pressure oil path through the ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station so that the pushed piston is reset;
s8, opening an oil return oil way of the oil drain nozzle 16, outputting pressure into the high-pressure oil way through the ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station, enabling high-pressure oil to flow through the hydraulic cavity 3 and then driving the material conveying drill bit 7 to crush rock downwards in a drill hole under the action of fluid resistance, enabling the static hydraulic blasting device to extend downwards under the action of gravity, and guiding crushed rock and soil into the cracks.
The invention relates to circuits, electronic components and modules in the prior art, and can be completely realized by those skilled in the art, and needless to say, the invention is not related to the improvement of the internal structure and method.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A static hydraulic blasting device comprising a split rod body (1) with a plurality of telescopic pistons, characterized in that: the splitting rod is characterized in that the lower end of the splitting rod main body (1) is connected with a hydraulic seat (2), a hydraulic cavity (3) is formed in the upper side of the hydraulic seat (2), an impeller (4) is arranged in the hydraulic cavity (3), a rock-soil guide cavity (5) communicated with the bottom surface is formed in the lower side of the hydraulic seat (2), a connecting shaft (6) is vertically arranged in the rock-soil guide cavity (5), the upper end of the connecting shaft (6) penetrates through the inner top surface of the rock-soil guide cavity (5) to extend into the hydraulic cavity (3) and be coaxially connected with the impeller (4), and a material conveying drill bit (7) is sleeved at the lower end of the connecting shaft (6) to extend to the lower part of the connecting shaft;
two guide grooves (8) communicated with the outside are symmetrically formed in the vertical direction of the rock-soil guide cavity (5) relative to the movement of the telescopic piston;
the material conveying drill bit (7) comprises a cutter disc (9) coaxially connected with the lower end of the connecting shaft (6), a plurality of material guiding blades (10) are arranged on the cutter disc (9) in an annular equidistant manner, a material conveying groove (11) is arranged between two adjacent material guiding blades (10), the lower end of the material conveying groove (11) and the lower blade bodies of the two adjacent material guiding blades (10) form a material feeding cavity, the upper end of the material conveying groove (11) and the upper blade bodies of the two adjacent material guiding blades (10) form a material discharging cavity, and the material discharging cavity is communicated with the rock and soil material guiding cavity (5) and the material guiding groove (8) to form a rock and soil material discharging channel;
the top surface of the splitting rod main body (1) is respectively provided with a high-pressure oil inlet nozzle (12) and a low-pressure oil inlet nozzle (13), the side surface of the lower end of the splitting rod main body (1) and the same side of the low-pressure oil inlet nozzle (13) are provided with a low-pressure oil outlet nozzle (14) communicated through a low-pressure oil path, the same side of the bottom surface of the splitting rod main body (1) and the high-pressure oil inlet nozzle (12) is provided with a high-pressure oil outlet nozzle communicated through a high-pressure oil path, and the high-pressure oil outlet nozzle is communicated with an oil inlet hole (15) on the hydraulic seat (2);
the oil inlet hole (15) comprises an oil inlet part vertically communicated with the high-pressure oil outlet nozzle, and the lower end of the oil inlet part is provided with an oil outlet part communicated with the hydraulic cavity (3) in a spiral structure, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil discharged through the oil outlet part is injected into the blade along the tangential direction of the impeller (4);
an oil drain hole is formed in the hydraulic seat (2) and located below the oil inlet part, and an outlet of the oil drain hole is connected with an oil drain nozzle (16).
2. A static hydraulic blasting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the two guide tanks (8) are arranged in a butterfly structure.
3. A static hydraulic blasting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the connection parts of the rock-soil guide cavity (5) and the guide groove (8) are provided with round corners (17).
4. A static hydraulic blasting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the guide blade (10) consists of an upper arc plough piece and a lower arc plough piece which are oppositely arranged, and the distance between the two adjacent arc plough pieces positioned at the lower side is smaller than the distance between the two adjacent arc plough pieces positioned at the upper side.
5. A static hydraulic blasting construction process according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: comprises the steps of,
s1, cleaning a site;
s2, drilling holes on the top surface of the rock mass in the field by using a drilling machine;
s3, placing the static hydraulic blasting device in the hole;
s4, connecting the static hydraulic blasting device with a hydraulic power station;
s5, closing an oil return oil way of the oil drain nozzle (16), outputting pressure into a high-pressure oil way through an ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station, and driving an oil cylinder by high-pressure oil to generate pushing force and push a movable piston on the split rod main body (1) to move outwards, so that acting force generated by the piston acts on a split hole wall to form a crack;
s6, cracking the rock in a preset direction under a huge acting force;
s7, outputting pressure into the low-pressure oil path through the ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station so that the pushed piston is reset;
s8, opening an oil return oil way of the oil drain nozzle (16), outputting pressure into the high-pressure oil way through the ultrahigh-pressure oil pump station, enabling high-pressure oil to flow through the hydraulic cavity (3) and then driving the material conveying drill bit (7) to crush rock downwards in a drill hole under the action of fluid resistance, enabling the static hydraulic blasting device to extend downwards under the action of gravity, and guiding crushed rock into the cracks.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210084107.3A CN114413695B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Static hydraulic blasting device and construction process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210084107.3A CN114413695B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Static hydraulic blasting device and construction process thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114413695A CN114413695A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
| CN114413695B true CN114413695B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114413695A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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