CN114413309B - PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method - Google Patents

PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114413309B
CN114413309B CN202111449341.3A CN202111449341A CN114413309B CN 114413309 B CN114413309 B CN 114413309B CN 202111449341 A CN202111449341 A CN 202111449341A CN 114413309 B CN114413309 B CN 114413309B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat
hot water
pemfc
valve
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202111449341.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114413309A (en
Inventor
蔡姗姗
邹雨琦
涂正凯
李松
罗小兵
叶稷恩
聂晗文
游静溦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Original Assignee
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huazhong University of Science and Technology filed Critical Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN202111449341.3A priority Critical patent/CN114413309B/en
Publication of CN114413309A publication Critical patent/CN114413309A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114413309B publication Critical patent/CN114413309B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1423—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with a moving bed of solid desiccants, e.g. a rotary wheel supporting solid desiccants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04052—Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/19—Fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/1458—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification using regenerators

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed energy, and discloses a PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and a PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply method, wherein the PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system comprises a PEMFC fuel cell system, a domestic hot water and heating system, a fresh air humidity conditioning system and an air source heat pump air conditioning system; cooling water of a PEMFC fuel cell system has two waste heat recovery schemes, wherein a cooling water outlet is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with a humidifier of a fresh air humidifying system, the second path is connected with a heat storage water tank of domestic hot water and a heating system, and a cooling water outlet of the second scheme is connected with the fresh air humidifying machine and then connected with the heat storage water tank of the domestic hot water and the heating system; the outlet of a power converter of the PEMFC fuel cell system is connected to a user side of the household appliance; the hot water outlet end of the domestic hot water and heating system is connected to the user end. The invention has higher comprehensive energy utilization rate and lower carbon emission, can effectively avoid the condition of balancing cold and heat, simultaneously purifies air, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed energy, and particularly relates to a PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method.
Background
In recent 20 years, the building area of China has been increased at a rate of not less than 15 hundred million square meters per year. According to the analysis data of the building energy-saving center of Qinghua university, the building energy consumption accounts for 27.5% of the terminal energy consumption in 2001, the building energy consumption reaches 30% of the total energy consumption of the whole country in 2004, and by 2017, the total energy consumption of the whole country reaches 9.47 hundred million tons of standard coal, which accounts for 21.11% of the total energy consumption of the whole country, and according to the prediction, the final building energy consumption of China reaches more than 35% of the total energy consumption of the whole country.
The distributed energy is an advanced energy system close to users, and the distributed combined cooling heating and power system is the main form and the technology with the most obvious prospect and the most practicability and development activity, has the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, economy, reliability, flexibility, intelligence and the like, and is one of four leading-edge technologies in the energy field in the national medium-long-term scientific and technical development planning compendium. Research has shown that the use of fuel cell waste heat for a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system can increase system efficiency to 85% over that when only the fuel cell is used to supply power. The waste heat of the fuel cell can be used for driving a combined cooling and power system (CCP) or a combined cooling, heating and power system (CCHP). The combined cooling, heating and power supply combined with the PEMFC is a preferred distributed energy system because it can provide a green and clean heating and cooling method, and realize the step utilization of energy, and is widely concerned by various countries and regions. In the aspect of system integration, because the temperature of the waste heat of the PEMFC is low, how to realize the efficient and stable utilization of the large-scale low-grade waste heat in the integrated system is a key technology in the PEMFC cooling, heating and power combined system.
Most areas in China belong to hot and humid climates, and the cooling capacity consumed by air conditioning dehumidification accounts for 30-50% of the total cooling capacity. With the energy conservation of the enclosure structure emphasized by the novel building, measures such as sunshades and heat insulation materials are widely adopted to reduce heat leakage of the building, indoor sensible heat load is effectively reduced, heat-humidity ratio of refrigeration load is reduced, dehumidification capacity of an air conditioner is enhanced, and the method is particularly important for energy conservation and consumption reduction of an air conditioning system. The traditional dehumidification technology is that after fresh air pretreated by a fresh air unit is mixed with return air in a circulating unit, the air is cooled to a temperature below a dew point temperature through a water coil in the circulating unit so as to achieve the purpose of dehumidification. The dehumidified air is heated by the heater to reach the indoor set temperature and humidity, and the cold and heat can be offset to cause waste. The method for dehumidifying by the solid dehumidifying agent occupies a large proportion in the air dehumidifying process by integrating the current research situation of fresh air dehumidifying systems at home and abroad. The solid desiccant has good adsorption effect on water vapor, and the moisture absorption material loses moisture absorption after saturation, so that the saturated solid moisture absorption material needs to be desorbed and regenerated, nearly half of energy is dissipated in the form of low-grade heat energy (70-100 ℃) when the PEMFC is in operation, and the solid adsorbent is introduced into a PEMFC joint supply system and has better prospect.
The combination of the PEMFC and the fresh air humidity adjusting device can effectively realize the cascade utilization of energy, and has important practical significance. Therefore, it is highly desirable to design a PEMFC co-supply system combining fresh air dehumidification with solid adsorbent to meet the requirements of solid adsorbent application.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: most of the traditional energy supply systems can not supply electric energy and heat energy through the same equipment, the common combined supply system utilizes a refrigerating unit driven by a heat source to recover waste heat for refrigeration, most of the refrigerating units are absorption refrigerating units and adsorption refrigerating units, and the defect of low COP exists. The traditional humidity control mainly aims at the aspect of dehumidification, the condensation dehumidification generally heats dehumidified air through a heater to reach the indoor set temperature and humidity, the cold quantity and the heat quantity can be offset to cause waste, the traditional adsorption dehumidification needs an additional heat source and has certain requirements on the regeneration temperature, and meanwhile, the humidification function cannot be realized according to the indoor environment.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the heat engine of the present combined supply system generally has the problems of environmental pollution and the like, the common combined supply system utilizes the absorption type refrigerating unit and the adsorption type refrigerating unit to recover the waste heat of the heat engine, the defect of low COP exists, and the traditional dehumidification technology has the problem of energy waste.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: (1) The combined supply system utilizes the PEMFC to generate electricity, the heat generated during electricity generation can be regenerated in domestic hot water, heating and a solid adsorbent, the supply of electric quantity and heat can be realized through the same equipment, the energy utilization rate of the system can be improved, the energy waste is reduced, besides, the combustion product of the PEMFC is water, no pollutant is discharged, and the purpose of environmental protection can be realized. (2) After the waste heat of the PEMFC passes through the runner regenerative heat exchanger, the waste heat can flow into the heat storage water tank to continuously supply heating or domestic hot water, so that the gradient utilization of heat is realized; (3) The combined cooling, heating and power and humidity supply system based on the PEMFC can simultaneously meet the requirements of refrigeration and dehumidification in summer, heating and humidity regulation in winter and humidity regulation in transitional seasons on the one hand, and can flexibly regulate a supply mode according to actual requirements, and can select independent supply of domestic hot water or heating to match with other high-performance heating equipment to meet the requirement of user side supply if the heat production quantity is insufficient.
Compared with a traditional dehumidification system, the fresh air humidifying system of the combined supply system can effectively reduce the offset of cold and heat, and can flexibly dehumidify/humidify the fresh air according to indoor requirements, thereby effectively controlling the humidity of the fresh air.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method, aiming at solving the problem of waste caused by cold and heat offset in the traditional dehumidification technology.
The invention is realized in such a way that a PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system comprises a PEMFC fuel cell system, a domestic hot water and heating system, a fresh air humidity conditioning system and an air source heat pump air conditioning system.
The hydrogen and the air of the PEMFC fuel cell system are preheated by a first heat exchanger and then respectively enter the anode and the cathode of the PEMFC pile to react, and the reacted gas is subjected to secondary combustion in a post-combustion chamber and finally enters a preheater to realize the process of waste heat recovery; in order to take away the heat generated by the internal reaction of the PEMFC pile, a cooling water flow channel inside the PEMFC pile is connected into the second heat exchanger; the heat utilization of the PEMFC has two schemes, in the first scheme, a hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to an inlet end of the fifth valve, hot water is divided into two paths at the fifth valve, the first path is connected to a fresh air humidity control system, the second path is connected to a hot water inlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank and enters the hot water storage tank for heat exchange, the hot water flows out from the hot water outlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank and flows through a first water pump, the two paths are converged at the sixth valve and flow into a hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger after being cooled by an air-cooled heat exchanger, in the second scheme, the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the fresh air humidity control system, a hot water outlet end of the fresh air humidity control system is connected to the hot water inlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank and is connected to a first water pump, the first water pump is connected to a seventh valve, the seventh valve is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger, hot water enters the hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger after being cooled in the air-cooled heat exchanger, tap water flows into the domestic hot water and flows into the heating system through an eighth valve and then is connected to a water supply device at a user end, the hot water inlet end of the hot water storage tank, the ninth valve; according to the two schemes, a user side hot water outlet end of the heat storage water tank is connected to the indoor terminal device through an eleventh valve, a water outlet end of the indoor terminal device is connected to an inlet end of the second water pump, and an outlet end of the second water pump is connected to a user side hot water inlet end of the heat storage water tank; the humidity regulator of the fresh air humidity regulating system is a rotary wheel type humidity regulator, the humidity regulator is provided with a cylindrical box body, a shaft is arranged on the box body through a shaft hole, the shaft penetrates through a heat insulation material, and one end of the shaft is connected with a motor; the box body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a heat insulation material, the upper part and the lower part are provided with fins, and the fins are coated with MOFs adsorption materials; the upper side is provided with an upper half air inlet and outlet, and the lower side of the box body is provided with a lower half air inlet and outlet; and the water outlet of the heat exchanger of the air source heat pump is connected with a terminal device of a user.
Further, the PEMFC fuel cell system comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a first heat exchanger, a PEMFC stack, a power converter, a post-combustion chamber, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve.
The outlet end of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the inlet end of the first valve, and the outlet end of the first valve is connected to the anode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger; the air is divided into two paths at the second valve, the first path is connected to the cathode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger, the second path is connected to the inlet end of the third valve, and the two paths are merged at the inlet end of the fourth valve; the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the first heat exchanger are connected into the anode and cathode gas inlet ends of the PEMFC pile, and the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the PEMFC pile are connected into the gas inlet end of the post-combustion chamber; the electric quantity output end of the PEMFC pile is connected with a power converter so as to transmit alternating current to a user side and a motor; and the exhaust end of the afterburner is connected to the air inlet end of the first heat exchanger to realize heat exchange between the waste gas and the unreacted gas.
Further, life hot water and heating system includes heat storage water tank, second heat exchanger, first water pump, second water pump, fifth valve, sixth valve, seventh valve, eighth valve, ninth valve and tenth valve.
The heat storage water tank comprises six interfaces, namely a heat source side hot water inlet end, a heat source side hot water outlet end, a cold water inlet end, a domestic hot water supply end, a user side hot water outlet end and a user side hot water inlet end; the cooling water inlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected with the cooling water outlet end of the PEMFC pile cooling water pile, the cooling water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected with the cooling water inlet end of the PEMFC pile cooling water pile, two schemes exist for the utilization of the waste heat of the PEMFC, the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected with the inlet end of the fifth valve, the hot water is divided into two paths at the fifth valve, the first path is connected with a fresh air humidity regulating system, the second path is connected with the hot water inlet end at the heat source side of the heat storage water tank, enters the heat storage water tank for heat exchange, flows out from the hot water outlet end at the heat source side of the heat storage water tank, flows through the first water pump, the two paths are converged at the sixth valve and flow into the hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger after being cooled by the air-cooled heat exchanger, in a second scheme, a hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the fresh air humidity control system, a hot water outlet end of the fresh air humidity control system is connected to a hot water inlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank, a first water pump is connected to a seventh valve, the seventh valve is connected to the air-cooled heat exchanger, hot water enters a hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger after being cooled in the air-cooled heat exchanger, tap water flows into the domestic hot water and the heating system through the eighth valve and then is divided into two paths, the first path flows into a cold water inlet end of the hot water storage tank, the second path flows into an inlet end of the ninth valve, and the two paths are converged at the tenth valve and then are connected to water consumption equipment at a user end; according to the two schemes, the hot water outlet end of the user side of the heat storage water tank is connected into the indoor end device through an eleventh valve, the water outlet end of the indoor end device is connected into the second water pump inlet end, and the outlet end of the second water pump is connected into the hot water inlet end of the user side of the heat storage water tank.
Further, fresh air humidifying system includes a humidifying machine, a third water pump and a motor.
The motor is connected with an alternating current output end of the power converter to drive a rotating shaft of a humidity regulator to rotate, a hot water loop of the fresh air humidity regulating system in a PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) waste heat utilization scheme I is connected with a hot water loop on a heat source side of a heat storage water tank in parallel, one side of an outlet end of a fifth valve is connected into an inlet end of a third water pump, an outlet end of the third water pump is connected into a hot water inlet end of the humidity regulator to complete a solid adsorbent heating and regenerating process of the fresh air humidity regulator, a hot water loop of the fresh air humidity regulating system in a PEMFC waste heat utilization scheme II is connected with a hot water loop on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank in series, a hot water outlet end of a second heat exchanger is connected into the humidity regulating system firstly, a hot water outlet end of the fresh air humidity regulating system is connected into a hot water inlet end on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank, a hot water outlet end of the heat source side of the heat storage water tank is connected into a first water pump, the first water pump is connected into a hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger through a seventh valve and an air-cooled heat exchanger, the humidity regulator is a rotary wheel type humidity regulator, a cylindrical box body, a shaft is installed on the box body through a shaft hole, penetrates through a heat insulation material, and one end of the shaft, and is connected with the motor; fins are arranged on the upper side of the heat insulation material, and MOFs adsorption materials are coated on the fins; the box body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a heat insulation material, the upper side is provided with an upper half air inlet and outlet, and the lower side is provided with a lower half air inlet and outlet; under the dehumidification working condition in summer, when the adsorbing materials in the lower half part area of the dehumidifier reach a saturated state, controlling the shaft to rotate 180 degrees, and transferring the adsorbing materials dried in the upper half part of the dehumidifier to the lower half part for moisture absorption; under the humidification operating mode in winter, when fresh air purification humidifying device lower half subregion adsorption material reaches the dry state, control the axle rotates 180, will the adsorption material of humidifying machine upper half subregion changes the latter half and analyzes.
Further, the air source heat pump system comprises an air-cooled heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a compressor, an expansion valve, a one-way valve, a separator, a four-way valve and a fourth water pump.
The four-way valve comprises four interfaces, namely an air-cooled heat exchanger side, a third heat exchanger side, a refrigerant gas inlet end and a refrigerant gas outlet end, and the air-cooled heat exchanger exchanges heat with outdoor air.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration method of the PEMFC cogeneration system, including:
the reaction gas of the PEMFC exchanges heat with the waste gas after the reaction of the PEMFC pile in the first heat exchanger to realize preheating;
the heat generated by the PEMFC is taken away by an internal cooling water system, dehumidification/humidification is carried out through the first scheme, and the heat is utilized in a gradient manner through the first scheme;
refrigerating and dehumidifying in summer, heating and humidifying in winter and humidifying in transition seasons are carried out through the scheme I and the scheme II.
Furthermore, heat generated by the PEMFC is taken away by a cooling water system in the PEMFC, two schemes exist, corresponding to figures 1 and 2 of the attached drawings, part of hot water flowing out of a second heat exchanger in the first scheme enters a heat storage water tank heat source side for heat exchange, a heat storage water tank user side is connected with a heating and living hot water loop, a valve is installed on the heating and living hot water loop, the corresponding valve can be switched according to indoor requirements, the other part of hot water enters a fresh air humidity regulating system for solid adsorbent heating regeneration, and the aim of dehumidification/humidification can be achieved through control of an automatic control switch in the fresh air humidity regulating machine.
In the second scheme, hot water flowing out of the second heat exchanger firstly enters the fresh air dehumidifier to regenerate the solid adsorbent and then flows into the heat source side of the heat storage water tank, the user side of the heat storage water tank is connected with a heating and living hot water loop, and in the second scheme, the waste heat of the PEMFC can flow into the heat storage water tank to continuously supply heating or living hot water after passing through the rotary wheel regenerative heat exchanger, so that the gradient utilization of heat is realized.
The two schemes can simultaneously meet the requirements of refrigeration dehumidification in summer, heating humidity control in winter and humidity control in transition seasons on the one hand, and in addition, the supply mode can be flexibly adjusted according to actual demands, if the heat production quantity is insufficient, domestic hot water or heating can be independently supplied, and the supply on the user side can be met by matching with other high-performance heating equipment.
Further, in the invention, the cooling water flow channel inside the PEMFC pile is connected into the second heat exchanger; the waste heat utilization of the PEMFC has two schemes, in the first scheme, the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the fifth valve, hot water is divided into two paths at the fifth valve, the first path is connected to a fresh air humidity control system, the second path is connected to the hot water inlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank, the hot water enters the hot water inlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank for heat exchange, the hot water flows out of the hot water outlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank and flows through a first water pump, the two paths are converged at the sixth valve, in the second scheme, the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the fresh air humidity control system, the hot water outlet end of the fresh air humidity control system is connected to the hot water inlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank, the hot water outlet end of the hot water source side of the hot water storage tank is connected to the first water pump, the first water pump is connected to the hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger through a seventh valve and an air-cooled heat exchanger, in the two schemes, the tap water flows into the domestic hot water and heating system through the eighth valve and then divided into the ninth valve, the water supply system, the two paths are connected to water supply equipment at the user end; in the two schemes, the hot water outlet end of the user side of the heat storage water tank is connected into the indoor end device through an eleventh valve, the water outlet end of the indoor end device is connected into the second water pump inlet end, and the hot water inlet end of the user side of the heat storage water tank is connected into the second water pump outlet end.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention innovatively provides: the PEMFC has high power generation efficiency and small environmental pollution, can generate heat while generating electricity, and realizes the supply of electric energy and heat energy through the same equipment;
in the aspect of refrigeration in summer, the waste heat of the PEMFC is used for drying and dehumidifying, so that the latent heat load is reduced, and the operation efficiency of refrigeration equipment is improved, such as the evaporation temperature of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle is improved, or the problem of low COP (coefficient of performance) of waste heat adsorption refrigeration or waste heat absorption refrigeration is avoided;
in the aspect of heating in winter, for a low-humidity area, the humidification treatment of fresh air or return air can be carried out by using the waste heat of the PEMFC, so that the thermal comfort of the room thermal environment is improved; for a high-humidity area, the waste heat of the PEMFC can be used for dehumidifying fresh air or return air, so that the increase of heat transfer caused by the increase of damp of the enclosure structure is avoided, and the increase of required heat load is further avoided;
after the waste heat of the PEMFC passes through the runner regenerative heat exchanger, the waste heat can flow into the heat storage water tank to continuously supply heating or domestic hot water, so that the gradient utilization of heat is realized;
the combined cooling, heating and power and humidity system based on the PEMFC can simultaneously meet the requirements of refrigeration and dehumidification in summer, heating and humidity regulation in winter and humidity regulation in transitional seasons on the one hand, and can flexibly regulate a supply mode according to actual requirements, and can select to supply domestic hot water or heating independently and match other high-performance heating equipment to meet the requirement of user side supply when the heat production quantity is insufficient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: compared with a system with a PEMFC for independently supplying power, the cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system based on the PEMFC has higher comprehensive energy utilization rate and lower carbon emission, and compared with a traditional dehumidifying device, the cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system based on the PEMFC can effectively avoid the situation that cold and heat are balanced and purify air at the same time, thereby achieving the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Compared with the traditional energy system, the PEMFC system can be used for fresh air humidifying by generating electricity for a user side and simultaneously generating waste heat, and is beneficial to desorption and regeneration of a solid adsorbent to be put into the next dehumidification process. In addition, the waste heat generated from the PEMFC of the present invention may be stored in the water tank for supplying the user-side domestic hot water and heating. Meanwhile, the system can achieve the purposes of energy conservation, environmental protection and maximum utilization of energy through the cascade utilization of energy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PEMFC-based combined cooling-heating-power-humidity system according to an embodiment of the present invention (scheme one);
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a PEMFC-based combined cooling-heating-power-humidity system according to an embodiment of the present invention (scheme two);
in the figure: 1. an eighth valve; 2. a heat storage water tank; 2a, a heat source side hot water outlet end of the heat storage water tank; 2b, a hot water inlet end on the heat source side of the hot water storage tank; 2c, a hot water inlet end at the user side of the heat storage water tank; 2d, a hot water outlet end at the user side of the heat storage water tank; 2e, a cold water inlet end; 2f, a domestic hot water supply end; 3. an air-cooled heat exchanger; 4. a compressor; 5. a separator; 6. a four-way valve; 6a, a four-way valve refrigerant outlet end; 6b, a side interface of the four-way valve air-cooled heat exchanger; 6c, a refrigerant gas inlet end of the four-way valve; 6d, a third heat exchanger side interface of the four-way valve; 7. a third heat exchanger; 8. a fourth water pump; 9. an expansion valve; 10. a check valve; 11. a sixth valve; 12. a fifth valve; 13. a second water pump; 14. a second heat exchanger; 15. a third water pump; 16. a humidity conditioner; 17. a motor; 18. a post combustion chamber; 19. a power converter; 20. a PEMFC stack; 21. a fourth valve; 22. a third valve; 23. a second valve; 24. a first heat exchanger; 25. a first valve; 26. a hydrogen storage tank; 27. a first water pump; 28. a tenth valve; 29. a ninth valve; 30. a seventh valve; 31. an eleventh valve; 32. an air-cooled heat exchanger.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram (scheme one) of the summer operation of the PEMFC-based combined cooling-heating-power-humidity system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the summer operation of the PEMFC-based combined cooling-heating-power-humidity system according to the embodiment of the present invention (scheme two).
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram (scheme one) of the operation in winter of the PEMFC-based combined cooling, heating, power and humidity system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation in winter of the PEMFC-based combined cooling-heating-power-humidity system according to the embodiment of the present invention (scheme two).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a PEMFC-based combined cooling-heating-power-humidity system, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: the reaction gas of the PEMFC exchanges heat with the waste gas after the reaction of the PEMFC pile in the first heat exchanger to realize the preheating function.
The heat that PEMFC produced is taken away by its inside cooling water system, there are two kinds of schemes here, correspond figure 1 and figure 2 of the attached drawing, in scheme one, a part of hot water that the second heat exchanger flows out enters the hot water storage tank heat source side and carries out the heat transfer, the hot water storage tank user side connects heating and life hot water return circuit, install the valve on heating and life hot water return circuit, can switch corresponding valve according to the indoor demand, another part hot water enters the fresh air humidifying system and carries out solid adsorbent heating regeneration, can realize the purpose of dehumidification/humidification through the control of the automatic control switch of fresh air humidifying machine inside.
In the second scheme, hot water flowing out of the second heat exchanger firstly enters the fresh air dehumidifier to regenerate the solid adsorbent and then flows into the heat source side of the heat storage water tank, the user side of the heat storage water tank is connected with a heating and living hot water loop, and in the second scheme, the waste heat of the PEMFC can flow into the heat storage water tank to continuously supply heating or living hot water after passing through the rotary wheel regenerative heat exchanger, so that the gradient utilization of heat is realized.
The fresh air humidity regulator is a rotary wheel type humidity regulator, a box body is arranged on the outer side of the fresh air humidity regulator, a shaft is installed on the box body through a shaft hole, the shaft penetrates through a heat insulation material, one end of the shaft is connected with a motor, the box body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the heat insulation material, fins are arranged on the upper part and the lower part, MOFs adsorption materials are coated on the fins, and under the dehumidification working condition in summer, when the adsorption materials in the lower part of the humidity regulator reach a saturated state, the shaft is controlled to rotate 180 degrees, and the adsorption materials dried in the upper part of the humidity regulator are rotated to the lower part to absorb moisture; under the humidification working condition in winter, when the lower half part area adsorption material of the fresh air purification and humidity control device reaches a dry state, the shaft is controlled to rotate 180 degrees, and the adsorption material in the upper half part area of the humidity controller is transferred to the lower half part for analysis. By the dehumidifier, in the aspect of refrigeration in summer, the PEMFC waste heat is used for drying and dehumidifying, the latent heat load is reduced, and the operation efficiency of refrigeration equipment is improved, such as the evaporation temperature of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle is improved, or the problem of low COP (coefficient of performance) of waste heat adsorption refrigeration or waste heat absorption refrigeration is avoided; in the aspect of heating in winter, for a low-humidity area, the waste heat of the PEMFC can be utilized to humidify fresh air or return air, so that the thermal comfort of the room thermal environment is improved; for a high-humidity area, the waste heat of the PEMFC can be used for dehumidifying fresh air or return air, so that the building envelope is prevented from being wetted to increase heat transfer, and further the required heat load is prevented from being increased.
Above scheme can satisfy the requirement of summer refrigeration dehumidification, winter heating humidifying and transition season humidifying simultaneously on the one hand, in addition, can adjust the supply mode according to actual demand is nimble, if the heat production quantity is not enough, can select to supply life hot water or heating alone, cooperates other high performance heating equipment, satisfies user's side and supplies.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a PEMFC-based combined cooling-heating-power-humidity system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a PEMFC fuel cell system, a domestic hot water and heating system, a fresh air humidity control system, and an air source heat pump air conditioning system, where a cooling water outlet of the PEMFC fuel cell system is connected to a hot water storage tank of the domestic hot water and heating system, an outlet of a power converter of the PEMFC fuel cell system is connected to a household electrical appliance end of a user, and there are two schemes for PEMFC waste heat utilization.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in summer, the power generation of the PEMFC fuel cell is divided into three parts: the heat generation of the PEMFC is divided into two parts: the fresh air humidifying system is used for regenerating a solid dehumidifying agent and domestic hot water, the air source heat pump provides cold energy for a user side, and the fresh air humidifying system dehumidifies and purifies fresh air entering a room.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in summer, the outlet end of the first valve 25 is connected to the anode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger 24, air flows out in two ways at the second valve 23, the first way is connected to the cathode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger 24, the second way is connected to the inlet end of the third valve 22, the two loops are merged at the inlet end of the fourth valve 21, the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the first heat exchanger 24 are connected to the anode and cathode gas inlet ends of the PEMFC stack 20, the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the PEMFC stack 20 are connected to the gas inlet end of the afterburner 18, the electricity output end of the PEMFC stack 20 is connected to the power converter 19 to transmit alternating current to the user side and the motor 17, and the gas outlet end of the afterburner 18 is connected to the gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger 24 to realize heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the unreacted gas. The cooling water inlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 is connected with the cooling water outlet end of a PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) 20, the cooling water outlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 is connected with the cooling water inlet end of the PEMFC 20, two schemes exist for the utilization of the residual heat of the PEMFC, the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 is connected with the inlet end of the fifth valve 12, the hot water is divided into two paths at the fifth valve 12, the first path is connected with a humidity regulator 16 of the fresh air system through a third water pump 15, the second path is connected with the heat source side hot water inlet end 2b of the hot water storage tank, the hot water enters the hot water storage tank 2 for heat exchange, flows out from the heat source side hot water outlet end 2a of the hot water storage tank and flows through the first water pump, and the two paths are converged at a sixth valve 11, in the second scheme, the hot water outlet end 2a on the heat source side of the second heat exchanger is connected to the humidity controller 16 of the fresh air humidity control system, the hot water outlet end of the humidity controller 16 is connected to the hot water inlet end 2b on the heat source side of the hot water storage tank, the hot water outlet end 2a on the heat source side of the hot water storage tank is connected to the first water pump 27, the first water pump 27 is connected to the hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 through a seventh valve 30 and the air-cooled heat exchanger 32, tap water flows into the domestic hot water and heating system through the eighth valve 1 and is divided into two paths, the first path flows into the cold water inlet end 2e of the hot water storage tank, the second path flows into the inlet end of the ninth valve 29, and the two paths are merged at the tenth valve 28 and then are connected to water consumption equipment on a user end; the hot water outlet end of user side 2c of heat storage water tank inserts through eleventh valve 31 indoor end device, the play water end of indoor end device inserts 13 entry ends of second water pump, 13 exit ends of second water pump insert the hot water inlet end of user side of heat storage water tank. The refrigerant on the air source heat pump system side enters the refrigerant gas inlet end 6c of the four-way valve through the compressor, flows into the refrigerant inlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 through the air-cooled heat exchanger side interface 6b of the four-way valve, flows into the refrigerant 9 through the refrigerant outlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 3, flows into the refrigerant inlet end of the third heat exchanger 7 through the expansion valve 9, flows into the third heat exchanger side interface 6d of the four-way valve through the refrigerant outlet end 6a of the four-way valve, enters the separator 5 through the four-way valve refrigerant outlet end 6a, and then enters the compressor 4 to complete a refrigeration cycle.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, during the winter condition, the power generation of the PEMFC fuel cell is divided into three parts: the PEMFC fuel cell generates heat and is mainly used for regenerating hot water and domestic hot water of a heating system and a solid desiccant of the fresh air humidity control system, and the air source heat pump and the hot water heating radiator provide heat for the user side.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, under the winter condition, the outlet end of the first valve 25 is connected to the anode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger 24, air flows out in two ways at the second valve 23, the first way is connected to the cathode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger 24, the second way is connected to the inlet end of the third valve 22, the two loops are merged at the inlet end of the fourth valve 21, the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the first heat exchanger 24 are connected to the anode and cathode gas inlet ends of the PEMFC stack 20, the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the PEMFC stack 20 are connected to the gas inlet end of the afterburner 18, the electricity output end of the PEMFC stack 20 is connected to the power converter 19 to transmit alternating current to the user side and the motor 17, and the gas outlet end of the afterburner 18 is connected to the gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger 24 to realize the heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the unreacted gas. The cooling water inlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 is connected with the cooling water outlet end of the PEMFC 20, the cooling water outlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 is connected with the cooling water inlet end of the PEMFC 20, the waste heat utilization of the PEMFC has two schemes, the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 is connected with the inlet end of the fifth valve 12, the hot water is divided into two paths at the fifth valve 12, the first path is connected with the humidity regulator 16 of the fresh air humidity regulating system through the third water pump 15, the second path is connected with the heat source side hot water inlet end 2b of the heat storage water tank, enters the heat storage water tank 2 for heat exchange, flows out from the heat source side hot water outlet end 2a of the heat storage water tank, flows through the first water pump, and the two paths are converged at the sixth valve 11, in the second scheme, the hot water outlet end 2a on the heat source side of the second heat exchanger is connected to the humidity controller 16 of the fresh air humidity control system, the hot water outlet end of the humidity controller 16 is connected to the hot water inlet end 2b on the heat source side of the hot water storage tank, the hot water outlet end 2a on the heat source side of the hot water storage tank is connected to the first water pump 27, the first water pump 27 is connected to the hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger 14 through a seventh valve 30 and the air-cooled heat exchanger 32, tap water flows into the domestic hot water and heating system through the eighth valve 1 and is divided into two paths, the first path flows into the cold water inlet end 2e of the hot water storage tank, the second path flows into the inlet end of the ninth valve 29, and the two paths are merged at the tenth valve 28 and then are connected to water consumption equipment on a user end; the user side hot water outlet end 2c of the heat storage water tank is connected into the indoor end device through an eleventh valve, the water outlet end of the indoor end device is connected into the inlet end of the second water pump 13, and the outlet end of the second water pump 13 is connected into the user side hot water inlet end of the heat storage water tank. The refrigerant on the air source heat pump system side enters the refrigerant gas inlet end 6c of the four-way valve through the compressor 4, flows into the refrigerant inlet end of the third heat exchanger 7 through the third heat exchanger side interface 6d of the four-way valve, flows into the expansion valve 9 through the refrigerant outlet end of the third heat exchanger 7, flows into the refrigerant inlet end of the air-cooled condenser through the expansion valve 9, flows into the air-cooled heat exchanger side interface 6b of the four-way valve through the refrigerant outlet end 6a of the four-way valve, enters the separator 5 through the refrigerant outlet end 6a of the four-way valve, and then enters the compressor 4 to complete a heating cycle.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration system, characterized in that the PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration system comprises: the system comprises a PEMFC fuel cell system, a domestic hot water and heating system, a fresh air humidifying system and an air source heat pump air conditioning system;
hydrogen and air of the PEMFC fuel cell system are preheated by a first heat exchanger and then respectively enter an anode and a cathode of a PEMFC pile to react, and the reacted gas is subjected to secondary combustion in a post-combustion chamber and finally enters a preheater to realize the process of waste heat recovery; the cooling water flow channel inside the PEMFC pile is connected to a second heat exchanger to take away heat generated by the reaction inside the PEMFC pile;
the PEMFC adopts a scheme I and a scheme II to utilize waste heat; the first scheme comprises the following steps: the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of a fifth valve, hot water is divided into two paths at the fifth valve, the first path is connected to a fresh air humidity adjusting system, and the second path is connected to the hot water inlet end of the heat source side of the heat storage water tank and enters the heat storage water tank for heat exchange; the hot water flows out of a hot water outlet end on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank, flows through the first water pump, is converged at a sixth valve, is cooled by the air-cooled heat exchanger and then flows into a hot water inlet end of a second heat exchanger;
the second scheme comprises the following steps: a hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the fresh air humidity regulating system, a hot water outlet end of the fresh air humidity regulating system is connected to a hot water inlet end of the hot source side of the hot storage water tank, and a hot water outlet end of the hot source side of the hot storage water tank is connected to a first water pump; the first water pump is connected with a seventh valve, the seventh valve is connected with the air-cooled heat exchanger, and hot water enters the hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger after being cooled in the air-cooled heat exchanger; tap water flows into the domestic hot water and heating system from the eighth valve and then is divided into two paths, the first path flows into the cold water inlet end of the hot water storage tank, the second path flows into the inlet end of the ninth valve, and the two paths are connected to user-side water using equipment after being converged at the tenth valve;
according to the two schemes, a user side hot water outlet end of the heat storage water tank is connected to an indoor terminal device through an eleventh valve, a water outlet end of the indoor terminal device is connected to an inlet end of a second water pump, and an outlet end of the second water pump is connected to a user side hot water inlet end of the heat storage water tank; the damping machine of the fresh air damping system is a rotary wheel type damping machine, and the damping machine is provided with a cylindrical box body; the box body is provided with a shaft through a shaft hole, the shaft penetrates through the heat insulation material, and one end of the shaft is connected with the motor;
the box body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a heat insulation material, the upper part and the lower part are provided with fins, and the fins are coated with MOFs adsorption materials; the upper side of the box body is provided with an upper half air inlet and outlet, and the lower side of the box body is provided with a lower half air inlet and outlet; the water outlet of the heat exchanger of the air source heat pump is connected with a terminal device of a user;
the fresh air humidifying system comprises a humidifying machine, a third water pump and a motor; the motor is connected with an alternating current output end of the power converter to drive a rotating shaft of the humidity regulator to rotate, a hot water loop of the fresh air humidity regulating system is connected in parallel with a hot water loop on a heat source side of the heat storage water tank in a PEMFC waste heat utilization scheme I, and one side of an outlet end of the fifth valve is connected to an inlet end of a third water pump; the outlet end of the third water pump is connected to the hot water inlet end of the humidity regulator to complete the heating and regeneration process of the solid adsorbent of the fresh air humidity regulator, the hot water loop of the fresh air humidity regulator in the PEMFC waste heat utilization scheme II is connected with the hot water loop on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank in series, the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the fresh air humidity regulator firstly, and the hot water outlet end of the fresh air humidity regulator is connected to the hot water inlet end on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank;
a hot water outlet end on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank is connected with a first water pump, the first water pump is connected with a hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger through a seventh valve and the air-cooled heat exchanger, the damping machine is a rotary wheel type damping machine, the damping machine is provided with a cylindrical box body, a shaft is arranged on the box body through a shaft hole, the shaft penetrates through a heat insulation material, and one end of the shaft is connected with a motor;
fins are arranged on the upper side of the heat insulation material, and MOFs adsorption materials are coated on the fins; the box body is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a heat insulation material, the upper side is provided with an upper half air inlet and outlet, and the lower side is provided with a lower half air inlet and outlet;
under the dehumidification working condition in summer, when the adsorbing materials in the lower half part of the dehumidifier reach a saturated state, the control shaft rotates 180 degrees, and the adsorbing materials dried in the upper half part of the dehumidifier are rotated to the lower half part for moisture absorption; under the humidification working condition in winter, when the lower half part area adsorption material of the fresh air purification and humidity control device reaches a dry state, the control shaft rotates 180 degrees, and the upper half part area adsorption material of the humidity controller is transferred to the lower half part for analysis.
2. The PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet co-generation system of claim 1, wherein the PEMFC fuel cell system includes a hydrogen storage tank, a first heat exchanger, a PEMFC stack, a power converter, a post-combustion chamber, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, and a fourth valve;
the outlet end of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the inlet end of the first valve, and the outlet end of the first valve is connected to the anode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger; the air is divided into two paths at the second valve, the first path is connected to the cathode gas inlet end of the first heat exchanger, the second path is connected to the inlet end of the third valve, and the two paths are merged at the inlet end of the fourth valve; the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the first heat exchanger are connected with the anode and cathode gas inlet ends of the PEMFC pile, and the anode and cathode gas outlet ends of the PEMFC pile are connected with the gas inlet end of the post-combustion chamber;
the electric quantity output end of the PEMFC pile is connected with a power converter so as to transmit alternating current to a user side and a motor; and the exhaust end of the afterburner is connected to the air inlet end of the first heat exchanger to realize heat exchange between the waste gas and the unreacted gas.
3. The PEMFC-based combined cold-heat-electricity-wet supplying system of claim 1, wherein the domestic hot water and heating system comprises a hot water storage tank, a second heat exchanger, a first water pump, a second water pump, a fifth valve, a sixth valve, a seventh valve, an eighth valve, a ninth valve, and a tenth valve;
the heat storage water tank comprises six interfaces, namely a heat source side hot water inlet end, a heat source side hot water outlet end, a cold water inlet end, a domestic hot water supply end, a user side hot water outlet end and a user side hot water inlet end; and the cooling water inlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water outlet end of the PEMFC pile cooling water pile, and the cooling water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water inlet end of the PEMFC pile cooling water pile.
4. The PEMFC-based combined cold-heat-electricity-wet power system of claim 1,
the air source heat pump air-conditioning system comprises an air-cooled heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a compressor, an expansion valve, a one-way valve, a separator, a four-way valve and a fourth water pump; the four-way valve comprises four interfaces of an air-cooled heat exchanger side, a third heat exchanger side, a refrigerant gas inlet end and a refrigerant gas outlet end, and the air-cooled heat exchanger exchanges heat with outdoor air.
5. A PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration method of a PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration method comprises the following steps:
the reaction gas of the PEMFC exchanges heat with the waste gas after the reaction of the PEMFC pile in the first heat exchanger to realize preheating;
the heat generated by the PEMFC is taken away by an internal cooling water system, dehumidification/humidification is carried out through a scheme I, and gradient utilization of the heat is carried out through a scheme II;
and refrigerating and dehumidifying in summer, heating and humidifying in winter and humidifying in transition seasons are carried out through the scheme I and the scheme II.
6. The PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration method of claim 5, wherein said first scheme comprises: the hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the fifth valve, the hot water is divided into two paths at the fifth valve, and the first path is connected to the fresh air humidity control system; the second path is connected to the heat source side hot water inlet end of the heat storage water tank, enters the heat storage water tank for heat exchange, flows out of the heat source side hot water outlet end of the heat storage water tank, flows through the first water pump, and is converged at the sixth valve;
the second scheme comprises the following steps: a hot water outlet end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the fresh air humidity control system, a hot water outlet end of the fresh air humidity control system is connected to a hot water inlet end on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank, and a hot water outlet end on the heat source side of the heat storage water tank is connected to a first water pump; the first water pump is connected into a heat source side hot water inlet end of the second heat exchanger through a seventh valve and the air-cooled heat exchanger;
the tap water in the two schemes is divided into two paths after flowing into the domestic hot water and heating system from the eighth valve, the first path flows into the cold water inlet end of the hot water storage tank, the second path flows into the inlet end of the ninth valve, and the two paths are converged at the tenth valve and then are connected to the water using equipment at a user end;
in the two schemes, the hot water outlet end of the user side of the heat storage water tank is connected into the indoor end device through an eleventh valve, the water outlet end of the indoor end device is connected into the second water pump inlet end, and the hot water inlet end of the user side of the heat storage water tank is connected into the second water pump outlet end.
7. The PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-moisture cogeneration method of claim 6,
under the dehumidification working condition in summer, when the adsorbing materials in the lower half part area of the dehumidifier reach a saturated state, controlling the shaft to rotate 180 degrees, and transferring the adsorbing materials dried in the upper half part of the dehumidifier to the lower half part for moisture absorption;
under the humidification working condition in winter, when the lower half part area adsorption material of the fresh air purification and humidity control device reaches a dry state, the shaft is controlled to rotate 180 degrees, and the adsorption material in the upper half part area of the humidity controller is transferred to the lower half part for analysis.
8. The PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-wet cogeneration method of claim 7,
under the refrigeration working condition in summer, the waste heat of the PEMFC is utilized for drying and dehumidifying;
under the heating working condition in winter, for a low-humidity area, humidifying fresh air or return air by using the waste heat of the PEMFC; and for high-humidity areas, the waste heat of the PEMFC is utilized to perform dehumidification treatment on fresh air or return air.
9. The PEMFC-based combined cold-heat-electricity-humidity supply method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the scheme one and the scheme two supply modes are adjusted according to actual demands, and when the heat generation is insufficient, domestic hot water or heating is selected to be supplied independently to be matched with high-performance heating equipment for user side supply.
CN202111449341.3A 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method Active CN114413309B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111449341.3A CN114413309B (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111449341.3A CN114413309B (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114413309A CN114413309A (en) 2022-04-29
CN114413309B true CN114413309B (en) 2023-03-07

Family

ID=81265260

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111449341.3A Active CN114413309B (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114413309B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112944712B (en) * 2021-02-01 2023-09-05 青岛海信日立空调***有限公司 Heat pump system and control method
CN115218530A (en) * 2022-07-15 2022-10-21 华中科技大学 Refrigeration dehumidification independent control's CCHP system based on PEMFC
CN117154153B (en) * 2023-09-20 2024-04-30 江苏核电有限公司 Backup system of hydrogen energy fuel cell and application method thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104567100A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 合肥万豪环境科技有限责任公司 Cooling, heating and generation and hot-water supply combined system driven by proton film fuel cell
CN104653237A (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-27 陕西银河网电科技有限公司 Combined cooling heating and power system using fuel cells
CN104810535A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-07-29 深圳伊腾得新能源有限公司 Reforming hydrogen generation fuel battery power generation module capable of effectively utilizing waste heat
CN113028524A (en) * 2021-04-05 2021-06-25 西安科技大学 Multi-split type solid dehumidification multifunctional air conditioning system and application method thereof
CN113048584A (en) * 2021-01-20 2021-06-29 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 Runner humidifying device, air conditioning system with same, control method and controller
CN113046134A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-06-29 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 Combined cooling, heating and power generation system and method based on dual fluidized bed gasification and fuel cell

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101216085B1 (en) * 2010-08-17 2012-12-26 엘지전자 주식회사 Heat pump

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104653237A (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-27 陕西银河网电科技有限公司 Combined cooling heating and power system using fuel cells
CN104567100A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 合肥万豪环境科技有限责任公司 Cooling, heating and generation and hot-water supply combined system driven by proton film fuel cell
CN104810535A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-07-29 深圳伊腾得新能源有限公司 Reforming hydrogen generation fuel battery power generation module capable of effectively utilizing waste heat
CN113048584A (en) * 2021-01-20 2021-06-29 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 Runner humidifying device, air conditioning system with same, control method and controller
CN113046134A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-06-29 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 Combined cooling, heating and power generation system and method based on dual fluidized bed gasification and fuel cell
CN113028524A (en) * 2021-04-05 2021-06-25 西安科技大学 Multi-split type solid dehumidification multifunctional air conditioning system and application method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114413309A (en) 2022-04-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN114413309B (en) PEMFC-based cold-heat-electricity-humidity combined supply system and method
CN101487609B (en) Liquid-dehumidifying multifunctional air source heat pump system and its operation method
CN100510558C (en) Single runner two stage dehumidify air-conditioner driven by solar
JP3425088B2 (en) Desiccant air conditioning system
CN109373610B (en) Heat supply and cold supply system with solar energy and underground water combined energy supply
CN109539437B (en) Open type solar direct-drive air conditioning system with independent temperature and humidity control function and working method thereof
JP2021179301A (en) Heat pump drying device suitable for low-temperature condition, with various kinds of energy mutually supplemented therein
CN102954545B (en) Solar dehumidifying air conditioner system with energy storage effect
CN103591658A (en) Solar building heating and air-conditioning system with heat and humidity independent control function and method for controlling solar building heating and air-conditioning system
CN202993433U (en) Solar building heating air-conditioning system capable of independently controlling heat and humidity
CN113028524B (en) Multi-split type solid dehumidification multifunctional air conditioning system and application method thereof
CN201016499Y (en) Solar energy stepping utilization type air-conditioning system
CN210441356U (en) Heat pump solution and runner combined type degree of depth dehydrating unit
CN101706136A (en) Solution temperature and humidity adjustment air treatment system
CN114872873B (en) Marine zero-carbon-emission energy system combining solution dehumidifying air conditioner and sea water desalination technology and working method thereof
CN113623878B (en) Solar drying, heating and humidity regulating system based on chemical heat storage and working method
JPH09137964A (en) Air conditioner provided with dehumidifying cooler
CN114135949B (en) PEMFC combined fresh air purifying, dehumidifying and humidifying device and control method thereof
CN106288089A (en) Heat-lightening dry systems
CN201310998Y (en) Variable capability multiplex air conditioner
Lazzarin et al. A new HVAC system based on cogeneration by an IC engine
CN111365799A (en) Water evaporation refrigeration air conditioning system based on solar energy runner dehumidification
CN217154345U (en) Novel humidity-adjustable air conditioner
JP2000117042A (en) Dry type dehumidifier
CN218120010U (en) Circulating fluidized bed humidification heating system based on solar air source heat pump coupling

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant