CN114411951B - Local chord support combined grid structure - Google Patents
Local chord support combined grid structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114411951B CN114411951B CN202210209333.XA CN202210209333A CN114411951B CN 114411951 B CN114411951 B CN 114411951B CN 202210209333 A CN202210209333 A CN 202210209333A CN 114411951 B CN114411951 B CN 114411951B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1996—Tensile-integrity structures, i.e. structures comprising compression struts connected through flexible tension members, e.g. cables
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a local chord support combined grid structure, which comprises a grid and a plane truss, wherein the grid comprises a grid body and a grid frame; the grid at the midspan part of the grid frame is replaced by a plane truss, the upper chord members of the plane truss are connected with the upper chord members of the grid frames at the two sides, and the lower chord members of the plane truss are connected with the lower chord members of the grid frames at the two sides; the lower chord member adopts a tensile chord member. The local chord support combined grid structure provided by the application has the advantages of strong roof modeling adaptability, less indoor space invasion, smaller thrust to the supporting column and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a local chord support combined grid structure.
Background
The space grid structure is a new structure which is developed in the middle of the 20 th century, and is a structural form which is formed by arranging a plurality of rods in space according to a certain rule and connecting the rods through nodes. The ball house roof of Shanghai institute built in 1964 is a net frame structure, and then has the characteristics of light dead weight, strong spanning capability, standardized rod member nodes, convenient installation and the like due to the spatial stress characteristic, and is widely applied to the fields of stadiums, theatres, traffic buildings, industrial workshops, warehouses and the like.
In recent years, along with the development of the building industry and the aesthetic improvement of buildings, more roof structures with free roof modeling and huge fluctuation appear, wherein arched roofs can cause larger horizontal thrust to roof supporting columns, and column bottom bending moment caused by the horizontal thrust often causes the supporting columns to be difficult to design, and self-balancing string-stretching integral structures such as string trusses and string girders can only be adopted by increasing the supporting columns to reduce the span or adjusting the structural scheme. The string-stretching integral structure can reduce the thrust to the supporting column through self-balancing, but the through vertical rope occupies more indoor space, so that the application scene is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the application are as follows: the arch roof can cause larger horizontal thrust to the roof supporting column, and the conventional self-balancing string-stretching integral structure has more invasion to the indoor space and limited applicable scene.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme:
a local chord support combined grid structure comprises a grid and a plane truss; the grid at the midspan part of the grid frame is replaced by a plane truss, the upper chord members of the plane truss are connected with the upper chord members of the grid frames at the two sides, and the lower chord members of the plane truss are connected with the lower chord members of the grid frames at the two sides; the lower chord member adopts a tensile chord member.
In recent years, along with the development of the building industry and the aesthetic improvement of buildings, more roof structures with free roof modeling and huge fluctuation appear, wherein arched roofs can cause larger horizontal thrust to roof supporting columns, and column bottom bending moment caused by the horizontal thrust often causes the supporting columns to be difficult to design, and self-balancing string-stretching integral structures such as string trusses and string girders can only be adopted by increasing the supporting columns to reduce the span or adjusting the structural scheme. The string-stretching integral structure can reduce the thrust to the supporting column through self-balancing, but the through vertical rope occupies more indoor space, so that the application scene is limited. Based on the technical background, the application provides a novel structural form of hybridization between a common grid structure and a string stretching structure, wherein the local grid at the middle part of the grid structure is converted into a planar truss structure, the lower chord of the planar truss adopts a tensile pull rod, and the hybridized novel grid structure has the advantages of strong roof modeling adaptability, less indoor space invasion, smaller thrust to supporting columns and the like.
The local chord support combined grid structure provided by the application fully utilizes the mechanical characteristics that the middle lower part of the structure span is only pulled, combines the superior tensile property and the characteristic that the lower chord member can be pre-tensioned, and partially balances the arch roof thrust by tensioning the lower chord member in the construction process, reduces the horizontal thrust born by the supporting column, and is beneficial to the design of the supporting column on the premise of not occupying the indoor space additionally, so that the whole structure is established. The net rack span region adopts plane truss arrangement, so that the lower chords are unidirectionally arranged along the span direction, and the construction tensioning is facilitated.
Further preferably, the bottom chord is a steel tie or cable and a double tie or cable arrangement.
Further preferably, the non-midspan part of the net rack adopts an orthogonal forward-placed quadrangular pyramid net rack.
Further preferably, the lower chord member is hinged with the net rack lower chord members of the net racks at two sides.
Further preferably, the lower chord member is hinged with the net rack lower chord member through a connecting node II; the connecting node II comprises a pin shaft lug plate II, and the lower chord member is assembled and connected with the pin shaft lug plate II through a pin shaft II through hole and transmits axial tension along the lower chord member.
Further preferably, the connection node II further comprises a hollow spherical crown and an ear plate connection circular tube; the two axial ends of the lug plate connecting circular tube are respectively provided with a pin shaft lug plate II and a hollow spherical crown from inside to outside in sequence, the net rack lower chord members of the net racks at the two sides are connected with the lug plate connecting circular tube and the hollow spherical crown, and the net rack web members of the net racks at the two sides are connected with the hollow spherical crown.
Further preferably, the hollow spherical crown, the pin shaft lug plate II and the lug plate connecting round tube are sequentially welded and connected, the net rack lower chord member is welded and connected with the lug plate connecting round tube and the hollow spherical crown, and the net rack web member is welded and connected with the hollow spherical crown.
Further preferably, the method further comprises a connecting node I; the plane truss comprises an upper chord, a stay bar and a lower chord; the upper chord and the two supporting rods form an inverted isosceles triangle structure, and the lower ends of the supporting rods are connected with the lower chord through a connecting node I and transmit vertical component force caused by tensioning the lower chord; one end of the lower chord member is hinged with the connecting node I, and the other end of the lower chord member is hinged with the net rack lower chord member. The lower chords at two sides of the connecting node I are arranged in a V shape, so that the lower chords have certain sagging, and an inverted arch is formed on the upper chords through the stay bars during tensioning.
Further preferably, the connecting node I comprises a pin shaft ear plate I, a stay rod connecting plate and a pin shaft I; the two pin shaft ear plates I are connected through a stay bar connecting plate; holes are formed in two ends of each pin shaft lug plate I, and the lower chord member is assembled and connected with the pin shaft lug plates I through pin shaft I through holes and transmits axial tension along the pull rod.
Further preferably, the connection node I further comprises a coordinating stiffening plate, and the coordinating stiffening plate is arranged between the two pin shaft ear plates I; the coordinating stiffening plate plays a role in coordinating the deformation of the pin shaft ear plates I at two sides and enabling the connecting node I to bear the whole force.
The application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the application provides a novel structural form of hybridization of a common grid structure and a string structure, which has the advantages of strong roof modeling adaptability, less indoor space occupation, smaller thrust to a supporting column and the like.
The local chord support combined grid structure provided by the application adopts a hybridization grid form, the non-midspan region adopts an orthogonal forward quadrangular pyramid grid, and the midspan region is transformed into a plane truss; the partial chord support combined grid structure is characterized in that a part of the span middle lower chord member adopts a tensile steel pull rod (or steel cable), pretension is carried out in the construction process, the thrust of an arch roof is partially balanced, the horizontal thrust born by a supporting column is reduced, the design of the supporting column is facilitated on the premise that the indoor space is not additionally occupied, and the whole structure is established.
Because the steel pull rod or the inhaul cable has the risk of loosening or breakage, based on the design concept of preventing continuous collapse and the consideration of structural redundancy, the double pull rods or the inhaul cable are arranged, one of the double pull rods or the inhaul cable does not affect the structural safety when being broken or loosened, and the double pull rods or the inhaul cable has the replacement and maintenance conditions, and corresponding connection nodes are designed on the basis.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of axial measurement of a partial chord support combined grid structure of the application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the sectional composition of the partial chord support combined grid structure of the application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection node I according to the present application; wherein fig. 3 (a) shows a schematic perspective view; fig. 3 (b) shows an exploded view.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection node II according to the present application; wherein fig. 4 (a) shows a schematic perspective view; fig. 4 (b) shows an exploded view.
Fig. 5 is a load state working condition diagram of the local chord support combined grid structure of the application.
FIG. 6 is a force diagram of the partial chord support composite grid structure of the present application under pretension conditions; fig. 6 (a) shows a cross-sectional view, and fig. 6 (b) shows a mid-span lower chord plan view.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the actual working condition of the local chord support combined grid structure of the present application.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
1-orthorhombic square pyramid net rack, 1 a-net rack lower chord member and 1 b-net rack web member;
2-plane truss, 2 a-lower chord, 2 b-stay, 2 c-upper chord;
3-supporting columns;
the device comprises a 4-connection node I, a 4 a-pin shaft ear plate I, a 4 b-stay bar connection plate, a 4 c-coordination stiffness plate and a 4 d-pin shaft I;
the 5-connecting joint II, the 5 a-pin shaft lug plate II, the 5 b-hollow spherical crown, the 5 c-lug plate connecting round tube and the 5 d-pin shaft II.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present application and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present application only and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: no such specific details are necessary to practice the application. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order not to obscure the application.
Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" mean: a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included within at least one embodiment of the application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an example," or "in an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the illustrations are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present application, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a local chord support combined grid structure, which comprises a grid and a plane truss 2; the grid at the midspan part of the grid frame is replaced by a plane truss 2, and the non-midspan part of the grid frame adopts an orthogonal forward quadrangular pyramid grid frame 1. The upper chords 2c of the plane truss 2 are connected with the upper chords of the net racks on the two sides, and the lower chords 2a of the plane truss 2 are connected with the lower chords 1a of the net racks on the two sides; the lower chord member 2a adopts a tensile chord member, and the lower chord member 2a adopts a steel pull rod or a steel cable. In order to distinguish in current string structure arrangement mode, this embodiment will open string structure "plane truss 2" and replace rack own partial structure, realize embedded equipment, obtain a novel grid structure of hybridization, both can realize reducing the effect of the horizontal thrust that the support post bore, can not additionally encroach indoor space simultaneously, roofing molding strong adaptability.
Example 2
A further improvement on the basis of the embodiment 1, the lower chord member 2a adopts a double-chord arrangement, and the lower chord member 2a is hinged with the net rack lower chord member 1a through a connecting node II 5; the connecting node II5 comprises two pin shaft ear plates II5a, two hollow spherical crowns 5b and an ear plate connecting circular tube 5c.
The two axial ends of the ear plate connecting circular tube 5c are respectively provided with a pin shaft ear plate II5a and a hollow spherical crown 5b from inside to outside in sequence, namely, the two ear plate II a are symmetrically arranged by taking the ear plate connecting circular tube 5c as a base point, and the two hollow spherical crowns 5b are symmetrically arranged by taking the ear plate connecting circular tube 5c as the base point according to the sequence of the hollow spherical crown 5b, the pin shaft ear plate II5a, the ear plate connecting circular tube 5c, the pin shaft ear plate II5a and the hollow spherical crown 5 b. The two lower chords 2a are assembled and connected with the two pin shaft ear plates II5a through the pin shaft II5d holes, and the axial tension along the lower chords 2a is transmitted.
The net rack lower chords 1a of the net racks on the two sides are connected with the lug plate connecting round tube 5c and the hollow spherical crown 5b, and the net rack web members 1b of the net racks on the two sides are connected with the hollow spherical crown 5 b. The net rack lower chord member 1a is welded with the lug plate connecting round tube 5c and the hollow spherical crown 5b, and the net rack web member 1b is welded with the hollow spherical crown 5 b.
Example 3
Further developed on the basis of embodiment 2, further comprising a connection node I4; the plane truss 2 comprises an upper chord member 2c, two stay bars 2b and four lower chord members 2a; the two axial ends of the upper chord member 2c are respectively connected with the ends of the two supporting rods 2b, the lower ends of the two supporting rods 2b are connected to a connecting node I4, and the upper chord member 2c and the supporting rods 2b form an inverted isosceles triangle structure; one end of the lower chord member 2a is hinged with the connecting node I4, and the other end is hinged with the pin shaft ear plate II5a of the connecting node II 5.
The connecting node I4 comprises a pin shaft ear plate I4a, a stay bar connecting plate 4b, a coordinating stiffening plate 4c and a pin shaft I4d. The two pin shaft ear plates I4a are connected through a stay bar connecting plate 4b, and the two pin shaft ear plates I4a have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically with the plate surfaces in parallel; holes are formed in the two axial ends of each pin shaft lug plate I4a, and the lower chord member 2a is assembled and connected with the pin shaft lug plates I4a through pin shaft I4d through holes and transmits axial tension along the pull rod. The upper end surface of the stay bar connecting plate 4b is welded with the free end of the stay bar 2 b. The two lower chords 2a at one end of the connecting node I4 in the axial direction (coaxial with the pin shaft ear plate I4a in the axial direction) are a group of strings, the two lower chords 2a at the other end of the connecting node I4 in the axial direction (coaxial with the pin shaft ear plate I4a in the axial direction) are a group of strings, and the two groups of strings are arranged in a vertical V shape.
The two coordination stiffness plates 4 are arranged between the two pin shaft ear plates I4 a; the coordinating stiffening plate 4 plays a role in coordinating the deformation of the pin shaft ear plates I4a at two sides and enabling the connecting node I4 to be stressed integrally. The pin shaft lug plate I4a is connected with the stay bar connecting plate 4b, and the pin shaft lug plate I4a is connected with the coordination stiffness plate 4 through welding.
Fig. 5 to 7 are diagrams of the stress analysis of the support column of the partial chord support combined grid structure in the use process.
Fig. 5 shows the structural stress condition of the local chord support combined grid structure under the load state, and the arched roof forms external thrust P and vertical pressure F on the supporting column 3, and the stress condition of the conventional grid structure is also reflected by the graph.
Fig. 6 (a) and fig. 6 (b) are stress conditions of the local chord support combined grid structure under the pretension working condition of the steel tie rod, active pretension of P1 is applied to the steel tie rod of the plane truss 2 in the construction process, the grid transformation area is used for arranging the continuous lower chord rod with the plane being V-shaped, the continuous lower chord rod is used for transforming the lower chord rod of the square pyramid grid frame into the vertical plane where the upper chord is located to form a plane truss, and axial internal force of the truss lower chord rod is effectively transmitted. The V-shaped bottom chords passing through the mesh transformation area balance the tension and transmit the force to the support columns 3 on both sides through the net rack bottom chords 1a, and after structural balance and internal force redistribution, a tension of P2 is formed to the support columns 3.
Fig. 7 shows the stress condition of the local chord support combined grid structure during actual working, which is the superposition of the load state and the pretension working condition, and the actual thrust of the roof to the supporting column 3 is P ', P' < P. It should be noted that, because the structure has slight nonlinearity, P' noteqp-P2, the analysis of the local chord support combined grid structure should consider the geometrical nonlinearity effect, and the calculation should calculate the structural effect under each working condition combination separately, so that the calculation mode of the combined effect after the calculation under a single working condition is not suitable.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application, and is not meant to limit the scope of the application, but to limit the application to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The local chord support combined grid structure comprises a grid frame and is characterized by also comprising a plane truss (2); the grid at the midspan part of the net frame is replaced by a plane truss (2), an upper chord member (2 c) of the plane truss (2) is connected with the upper chord members of the net frames at the two sides, and a lower chord member (2 a) of the plane truss (2) is connected with the lower chord members (1 a) of the net frames at the two sides; the lower chord member (2 a) adopts a tensile chord member.
2. A partial chord composite grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower chord (2 a) is a steel tie or wire rope and is arranged with double ties or wires.
3. The local chord support combined grid structure according to claim 1, wherein the non-midspan part of the grid adopts an orthogonal forward-placed quadrangular pyramid grid (1).
4. A partial chord composite grid structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower chord (2 a) is hingedly connected to the grid lower chords (1 a) of the grid on both sides.
5. The partial chord support combined grid structure according to claim 4, wherein the lower chord member (2 a) is hinged with the grid lower chord member (1 a) through a connecting node II (5); the connecting node II (5) comprises a pin shaft ear plate II (5 a), and the lower chord member (2 a) is assembled and connected with the pin shaft ear plate II (5 a) through the pin shaft II (5 d) through holes and transmits axial tension along the lower chord member (2 a).
6. The local chord support combined grid structure according to claim 5, wherein the connecting node II (5) further comprises a hollow spherical crown (5 b) and an ear plate connecting circular tube (5 c);
the two axial ends of the lug plate connecting circular tube (5 c) are respectively provided with a pin shaft lug plate II (5 a) and a hollow spherical crown (5 b) from inside to outside in sequence, the net rack lower chord members (1 a) of the net racks at the two sides are connected with the lug plate connecting circular tube (5 c) and the hollow spherical crown (5 b), and the net rack web members (1 b) of the net racks at the two sides are connected with the hollow spherical crown (5 b).
7. The local chord support combined grid structure according to claim 6, wherein the hollow spherical crown (5 b), the pin shaft lug plate II (5 a) and the lug plate connecting circular tube (5 c) are sequentially welded, the grid lower chord member (1 a) is welded with the lug plate connecting circular tube (5 c) and the hollow spherical crown (5 b), and the grid web member (1 b) is welded with the hollow spherical crown (5 b).
8. A local chord support composite grid structure according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a connection node I (4); the plane truss (2) comprises an upper chord (2 c), a stay bar (2 b) and a lower chord (2 a); the upper chord member and the two supporting rods (2 b) form an inverted isosceles triangle structure, the lower end of each supporting rod (2 b) is connected with the lower chord member (2 a) through a connecting node I (4) and transmits a vertical component force caused by stretching the lower chord member (2 a); one end of the lower chord member (2 a) is hinged with the connecting node I (4), and the other end of the lower chord member is hinged with the net rack lower chord member (1 a).
9. The local chord support combined grid structure according to claim 8, wherein the connection node I (4) comprises a pin ear plate I (4 a), a stay bar connection plate (4 b) and a pin I (4 d);
the two pin shaft ear plates I (4 a) are connected through a stay bar connecting plate (4 b); holes are formed in two ends of each pin shaft lug plate I (4 a), and the lower chord member (2 a) is assembled with the pin shaft lug plates I (4 a) through the pin shaft I (4 d) holes and transmits axial tension along the pull rod.
10. The local chord support combined grid structure according to claim 9, wherein the connecting node I (4) further comprises a coordinating stiffening plate (4 c), and the coordinating stiffening plate (4) is arranged between two pin ear plates I (4 a); the coordinating stiffening plate (4) plays a role in coordinating the deformation of the pin shaft ear plates I (4 a) at two sides and enabling the connecting node I (4) to bear the whole force.
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CN111335647A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-26 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Sectional hoisting construction method for large-span spherical crown-shaped grid structure |
CN111677118A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-18 | 上海建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Steel-aluminum alloy composite structure system |
CN113463763A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-10-01 | 北京市建筑工程研究院有限责任公司 | Construction method of super-long cantilever cable bearing grid structure |
CN214784762U (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-11-19 | 天津大学建筑设计规划研究总院有限公司 | Steel pipe truss and reticulated shell combined large-span spatial structure system |
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