CN114411672B - Fish passing device combined with ship lock and fish passing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fish passing device and a fish passing method combined with a ship lock. The device comprises an upper lock head, a ship lock chamber wall, a lower lock head, an upper lock head herringbone gate, a lower lock head herringbone gate, a downstream working gate, a harmful fish filtering and recycling device and a fish swarm driving device, wherein a lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 is arranged between the lower lock head herringbone gate and the downstream working gate, and a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp for driving and attracting and a fish detector for detecting the position of the fish swarm are arranged on the device; the harmful fish filtering and recycling device comprises a fishing net cage for capturing harmful fish, a fish sucking pump for transferring the fish in the fishing net cage to a water reservoir, and a harmful fish filtering device arranged in the water reservoir; the fish swarm driving device comprises a fishing net, and realizes rapid fish passing through the fishing net through the winding and unwinding of the driving fishing net and the reciprocating motion of the fishing net along the lock chamber wall of the ship lock. According to the invention, on the basis of the built ship lock, the fish swarm driving device is additionally arranged, so that the fish in the ship lock can be quickly passed and the harmful fish can be screened out under the condition of not affecting normal navigation.

Description

Fish passing device combined with ship lock and fish passing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower, and particularly relates to a fish passing device and a fish passing method combined with a ship lock.

Background

In the process of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering construction, some water retaining buildings are often built in river channels, so that the natural properties and ecological environment of the river are greatly changed. The natural properties of rivers are mainly represented by the water and sand amount and the annual change process. If the influence of the water retaining building on the river ecological environment is continuously released, some fish, sediment animals and aquatic organism ecology are seriously threatened, and finally the river ecological system is destroyed, so that a series of environmental disasters are formed.

After the water retaining building is built, some migratory fishes are greatly affected by the influence, and one of the common measures taken in engineering is to set a fishway for fishes and other aquatic animals to pass through the water retaining building. However, the application range of the fishway is very limited, and the fishway is mainly suitable for lower weirs and dams due to the limited migration ability of fish. Therefore, the fish way is arranged by considering the factors such as the type, the size, the habit, the spawning place, seasonal factors, the river flow and the like of the fish in the river. When the fishway is arranged on the reservoir dam, the fishway is limited by factors such as the height, the water level change and the reservoir capacity of the dam, because most fishways are required to be kept with a certain gradient while being constructed, when the fishway meets a high-head building such as the dam, the fishway is required to be kept with a certain gradient by virtue of the constructed length, and therefore, the rising distance of fish is also prolonged; meanwhile, when fish ascends in a migration way, certain flow suitable for the physiological conditions of the fish needs to be ensured, and a gate for adjusting smaller flow is very difficult to be arranged on a dam with larger water level change; the fish may lose swimming direction due to the small flow rate in the newly formed water area and the large temperature change.

At present, it is difficult to construct fishways in some established hydraulic engineering, and the effect is not guaranteed when materials with high cost are consumed, so that it is necessary to explore new fish passing facilities and methods. Under the background, the ship lock becomes a hydraulic building with the most fish passing potential, and in recent years, the fish passage and the ship lock are combined into a whole to become a research hot spot, but the fish passing device combining the existing fish passage and the ship lock has the defects and problems that fish passing is slow, the operation of a ship is influenced, and harmful fish shoals cannot be screened out.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fish passing device combined with a ship lock, which can realize rapid fish passing in the ship lock under the condition of not influencing normal navigation by additionally arranging a device for improving fish passing efficiency on the basis of the built ship lock. The second object of the invention is to provide a principle of realization of the fish passing device combined with a ship lock.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the fish passing device comprises an upper lock head, a lock chamber wall of the lock, a lower lock head, an upper lock head herringbone gate arranged on the upper lock head, a lower lock head herringbone gate arranged in the middle of the lower lock head, a downstream working gate arranged at the tail of the lower lock head, a harmful fish filtering and recycling device arranged at the lower lock head and a fish swarm driving device arranged on the lock chamber wall, wherein a lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 is arranged between the lower lock head herringbone gate and the downstream working gate, and a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp for driving and attracting and a fish detector for detecting the position of a fish swarm are arranged on the device;

the harmful fish filtering and recycling device is arranged at the inlet of the lower lock head and comprises a fishing net cage for capturing harmful fish, a fish sucking pump for transferring the fish in the fishing net cage to a water reservoir, and a harmful fish filtering device arranged in the water reservoir, wherein the harmful fish filtering device is used for filtering the fish group transferred from the fishing net cage and transferring non-harmful fish into the lock chamber through the fish sucking pump;

the fish swarm driving device comprises a fishing net, and the rapid fish passing is realized by driving the retraction of the fishing net and the reciprocating motion of the fishing net along the lock chamber wall of the ship lock.

Further, the length of the lower lock head on one side provided with the reservoir is greater than that on the other side, and the harmful fish filtering and recycling device is arranged on one side of the reservoir and further comprises a half U-shaped track and underwater windlass arranged at two ends of the half U-shaped track, wherein the underwater windlass drives the fishing net cage to move on the half U-shaped track, and a device for attracting harmful fish is arranged in the fishing net cage.

Further, the harmful fish filtering and recycling device also comprises net cage positioning plates arranged at two ends of the semi-U-shaped track, a galvanized steel wire rope and a transverse pulley arranged on the galvanized steel wire rope; the underwater winch controls the movement of the fishing net cage by pulling the galvanized steel wire rope.

Further, a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a1, a wireless sonar fish finder b1 and a flow rate tester d are arranged on the upstream surface of the downstream working gate, a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a1 is arranged on the downstream surface of the lower gate head chevron gate, a downstream fish-driving lamp c1 is arranged on the upstream surface of the lower gate head chevron gate, and a fish-driving integrated lamp a1 and a wireless sonar fish finder b1 are arranged on the inner wall of the lower gate head between the downstream working gate and the lower gate head chevron gate; the part of the inner wall of the lower lock head, which is close to the lock chamber wall of the ship lock, is provided with a wireless sonar fish detector b2.

Further, the reservoir is divided into a reservoir f1 and a reservoir f2, a harmful fish filtering device is arranged in the reservoir f1, harmful fish screened out by the harmful fish filtering device enters a net cage below the reservoir f1, migration fish erroneously entering the fishing net cage enters the reservoir f2, and migration fish in the reservoir f2 returns to the lock chamber through a fish sucking pump.

Further, the harmful fish filtering device comprises a plurality of automatic induction doors I, a fish monitoring device and an automatic induction door II which are arranged in parallel;

when detecting that a fish shoal approaches, the automatic induction doors I automatically open the doors, each time each automatic induction door I controls a fish to pass through, the fish detection device is used for detecting whether the fish belongs to harmful fish, and the opening and closing of the automatic induction doors II are controlled through the identified fish type; the automatic induction door II is automatically opened after receiving harmful fish signals sent by the fish monitoring device, so that harmful fish enters a net cage below the fish storage pool f1, and the automatic induction door II can be kept in a closed state after receiving migration fish signals sent by the fish monitoring device.

Further, the fish storage pool f1 is provided with a gradient, the gradient of the fish storage pool f1, which is close to the automatic induction door I, is low, fish is guided to pass through the automatic induction door I, the fish storage pool f2 is provided with a gradient, and the gradient of the fish storage pool f2, which is close to the side of the fish suction pump, is low.

Further, the fish school driving device comprises threaded screw rods respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the lock chamber walls at two sides, each threaded screw rod at the bottom is provided with a driving device, a reel is arranged between the driving devices at two sides, and the fishing net is wound on the reel;

the driving devices are arranged on the two threaded screw rods at the top, a horizontal rod is arranged between the driving devices at the two sides, a wire spool is arranged on the horizontal rod, and the fishing net is wound and unwound by controlling the lifting of the horizontal rod.

Further, the driving device comprises a waterproof driving motor;

the wireless sonar fish detector b3 is arranged at the entrance of the inner wall of the lock chamber wall of the ship lock, and the fish-attracting induction integrated lamp a2 is uniformly distributed in the middle of the inner wall of the lock chamber wall of the ship lock; a wireless sonar fish detector b4 is arranged on one side, close to the lock chamber, of the inner wall of the upper lock head, a fish-attracting integrated lamp a3 is arranged on the back surface of the upper lock head herringbone gate, and an upstream fish-attracting lamp c2 is arranged on the upstream surface; the inner part of one side of the upper lock head far away from the lock chamber is prevented from being provided with a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a4;

an upper lock head fish collecting pond e2 is arranged in the upper lock head.

A fish passing method adopting the fish passing device comprises the following steps:

step (1): the initial state of the ship lock is a closed state, the initial position of the fishing net cage is at the g1 end of the lower lock head pulley running track, when fish starts to pass, the lower lock head working gate is opened to be in a splayed state outwards, meanwhile, the lower lock head herringbone gate is opened, and the opening degree of the lower lock head herringbone gate is automatically adjusted according to upstream incoming water, so that the flow rate suitable for fish migration is measured at the position of the lower lock head working gate through the flow rate tester d;

step (2): starting a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a1, enabling the fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a1 to be in a fish-attracting state, and simultaneously starting an underwater winch to enable a fishing net cage at the end g1 to operate to the end g 2;

step (3): after reaching the designated position, opening a fishing net cage, and placing a device for attracting harmful fishes in the fishing net cage so that the harmful fishes enter the fishing net cage;

step (4): simultaneously, the wireless sonar fish finder b1 starts to work, when a large number of fish shoals are detected to be attracted to the vicinity of the lower lock head working gate, the lower lock head working gate is gradually closed, the fish shoals enter the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 along with the fish trapping lamps on the lower lock head working gate, and meanwhile, the lower lock head herringbone gate is closed, so that the fish shoals are collected in the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1, and harmful fish fully enter the fish catching net cage;

step (5): when the wireless sonar fish finder b1 detects that the fishing net cage is full, the fishing net cage is closed, the fish suction pump is started, all the fish shoals in the fishing net cage are introduced into the fish storage pool f1, and after all the fish shoals in the fishing net cage enter the fish storage pool f1, the fish suction pump is closed;

step (6): opening a lower gate head herringbone gate, opening a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a1, keeping the lamp in a fish-driving state, enabling a fish shoal in a fish storage pool f1 to pass through an automatic induction gate I, screening, separating harmful fish into a net cage below the fish storage pool f1, and enabling partial migratory fish which is mistakenly caught into the fish capturing net cage to enter a fish storage pool f 2;

step (7): continuously driving fish until the wireless sonar detector b1 detects that the fish shoal in the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 is separated, closing the lower lock head herringbone gate, starting a fish driving lamp c1 of the lower lock head herringbone gate positioned on the upstream surface side, detecting the swimming direction of the fish shoal through the wireless sonar fish detector b2, enabling the fish shoal in the lower lock head to fully separate from and enter a lock chamber of a ship lock, and enabling the migration fish shoal positioned in the fish storage pond f2 to return to the lock chamber through a fish sucking pump;

step (8): the initial state of the driving device is an opening state, namely, the fishing net of the driving device is contained on a horizontal rod at the bottom, the initial position of the driving device is positioned near the lower lock head, when the wireless sonar fish finder b3 detects that a large number of fish shoals are gathered at one side of the upstream of the driving device, the driving device is gradually closed, namely, the fishing net on the fish driving device is unfolded, and the height of the fishing net is higher than the height of the water surface in a lock chamber;

step (9): the method comprises the steps of driving a threaded screw rod to rotate, enabling a driving device to smoothly slide along a track under the rotation of the threaded screw rod and slowly move along the direction of a lock chamber wall at a constant speed, automatically switching a fish driving or attracting state by a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a2 when a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a2 detects that a fish driving device passes through, starting a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a3 positioned on an upper lock head herringbone gate in a fish attracting state, keeping the fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a3 in a fish attracting state, accelerating the upstream moving speed of a downstream fish swarm, and enabling the fish swarm to pass through the lock chamber along with the upstream moving of the driving device;

step (10): when the wireless sonar fish finder b4 detects that the fish shoal reaches the upper gate head fish collecting pond e2, gradually starting an upper gate head herringbone gate and a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a3, keeping the fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a3 in a fish driving state, starting the fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a4, keeping the fish driving and attracting integrated lamp a4 in a fish attracting state, and enabling the fish shoal to leave the upper gate head fish collecting pond e2 under the guidance of the fish driving lamp, the fish attracting lamp and upstream water flow;

step (11): when the fish shoal fully leaves the upper gate head fish collecting pond e2, closing the upper gate head herringbone gate, starting the upstream fish driving lamp c2, and adjusting the fish driving and attracting integrated lamps a4 positioned on the two side walls of the upper gate head to be in a fish driving state, so that the fish shoal leaves the upper gate head, and one-time fish passing is completed;

step (12): the fishing net (23) is reset and is prepared for the next fish passing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:

1. the invention can be expanded and installed on the basis of the built ship lock in a mode of combining with the ship lock, has low installation cost, does not need to move and go on the ship lock greatly, and simultaneously avoids a great amount of cost generated by additionally building a fishway in the later stage; the fish driving device is arranged to realize rapid driving of fish shoals.

2. The ship lock can be perfectly retracted when passing through the ship, so that the ship is slightly influenced by the ship lock device when passing through the ship lock.

3. Compared with the traditional fishway, the fish passing efficiency is higher, the fish gathering device has the advantages that the fish gathering device is easier to gather fish shoals by arranging the fish driving lamp on the lock chamber wall and the gate of the ship lock, and the fish shoals can be guided to move to the upstream of the ship lock when passing through the ship lock, so that adverse factors of the fish net on the fish shoals can be reduced.

4. The fishing net can be quickly replaced after the water in the ship lock is completely emptied, and the later maintenance cost is low.

5. The ship lock is used throughout the year, is managed and maintained by special persons, does not need additional expenditure compared with the maintenance of fish passing facilities such as fishways and the like, has slow flow velocity in a ship lock port and a lock chamber, is convenient to adjust, can not consume excessive physical power to pass through a dam by virtue of the rising of the water level in the fish lock, basically does not cause injury, passes through a fish channel to be wider, and is suitable for various fishes to pass through the dam.

6. According to the invention, by adding the fish storage pool and the fish screening measures, the harmful fish is effectively prevented from being mixed into the migratory fish group and propagating upstream, and further damage to the upstream ecological environment is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall layout of the fish passing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fish passing device downstream of the lock of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working gate downstream of the lock when closed.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the opening of the chevron gate downstream of the lock.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the flapper downstream from the lock when closed.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention for driving fish in the middle of a lock chamber.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention reaching the upstream of the lock.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure when the chevron gate is opened at the upstream side.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along section A-A of fig. 1 in a stowed condition of the device.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along section A-A of fig. 1 in the open state of the device.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of section B-B of FIG. 1.

Fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a method of operation of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

the device comprises a 1-upper lock head, a 2-upper lock head herringbone gate, a 3-ship lock chamber wall, a 4-waterproof driving motor, a 5-threaded screw rod, a 6-driving device, a 7-lower lock head, an 8-lower lock head herringbone gate, a 9-wire reel, a 10-horizontal rod, an 11-pulley running track, a 12-fish swarm, a 13-fishing net cage, a 14-downstream working gate, a 15-underwater winch, a 16-net cage positioning plate, a 17-transverse pulley, an 18-galvanized steel wire rope, a 19-fish suction pump, a 20-automatic induction gate I, a 21-fish detection device, a 22-automatic induction gate II, a 23-fishing net, a 24-I-shaped track and a 25-ship.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-13, the inner side wall of the upper brake head 1 is provided with a fish-attracting integrated lamp a4 and a wireless sonar fish detector b4, which are used for guiding and observing the migration direction of fish; the two sides of the upper gate head herringbone gate 2 are respectively provided with a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a3 and an upstream fish-driving lamp c2; the inner side of the lock chamber wall 3 is provided with a fish-attracting induction integrated lamp a2 and a wireless sonar fish detector b3; the waterproof driving motor 4 is respectively arranged on the wall top and the inner side wall surface of the lock chamber of the ship lock and is close to the position of the upper lock head or the lower lock head; the two ends of the screw thread lead screw 5 are respectively connected with a waterproof driving motor 4 fixed on the lock chamber wall, 4 screw thread lead screws 5 are arranged symmetrically on two sides of the lock, 2 screw thread lead screws are arranged on the lock chamber wall top, and 2 screw thread lead screws are arranged on the lock chamber wall bottom. The driving device 6 is internally provided with a waterproof driving motor 4, the waterproof driving motor 4 is connected with the horizontal rod 10 and is perpendicular to the threaded screw rod 5 on the different surface with the threaded screw rod 5, and the threaded screw rod 5 can penetrate through the driving device 6 and is connected with a round hole with threads reserved in the driving device 6. The inner side wall of the lower lock head 7 is provided with a fish-attracting integrated lamp a1 and a wireless sonar fish detector b1, which are used for guiding and observing the migration direction of fish; two sides of the lower gate head herringbone gate 8 are respectively provided with a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a1 and a downstream fish-driving lamp c1; the wire spool 9 is used for accommodating ropes at two sides of the fishing net; the pulley running rails 11 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the ship lock, 4 pulley running rails 11 are arranged on the top of the ship lock chamber wall 3, 2 pulley running rails 11 are arranged on the side edge of the ship lock chamber wall 3 and close to the bottom, and the pulley running rails 11 are connected with the driving device 6 through pulleys; the fish attracting device is arranged in the fish catching net cage 13 and is used for attracting harmful fishes to enter; the downstream working gate 14 is provided with a fish-attracting integrated lamp a1, a wireless sonar fish finder b1 and a flow rate tester d; the underwater winch 15 controls the movement of the fishing net cage 13 by pulling the galvanized wire rope 18, and when one end of the underwater winch 15 starts to work, the other end of the underwater winch 15 is in a standby state; the net cage positioning plate 16 is used for stopping the fishing net cage 13; a rotatable drain pipe is arranged at the top of the fish suction pump 19 and is suitable for the movement of the fish catching net cage 13; the automatic induction door I20 can automatically open the door when detecting that the fish shoal approaches, and controls one fish to pass each time; the fish detection device 21 is used for detecting whether fish belongs to harmful fish, and controlling the opening and closing of the automatic induction door II 22 through the identified fish type; the automatic induction door II 22 is automatically opened after receiving the harmful fish signals sent by the fish monitoring device 21, so that harmful fish enters a net cage positioned below the fish storage pond f1, and if the automatic induction door II 22 receives the migration fish signals sent by the fish monitoring device 21, the automatic induction door II is kept in a closed state, so that the migration fish which mistakenly enter the fish capturing net cage 13 passes through the fish storage ponds f1 and f2 and finally returns to a lock chamber; the fishing net 23 is selected to be light and firm; the I-shaped track 24 is 2 tracks positioned on the side edge of the lock chamber wall 3 of the ship lock and close to the bottom, and can also adopt a concave pulley running track, but the I-shaped track 24 is selected at this time for the convenience of installation of the lock side wall; the downstream fish-attracting integrated lamp a1, the lock chamber fish-attracting integrated induction lamp a2, the upstream fish-attracting integrated lamp a3 and the upstream fish-attracting integrated lamp a4 are all used for inducing fish migration, wherein the lock chamber fish-attracting integrated lamp a2 is additionally provided with an automatic induction device compared with the fish-attracting integrated lamps a1, a3 and a4, the fish-attracting integrated lamp a2 is only arranged at two sides of the lock chamber wall 3, and when the driving device 6 passes through the lock chamber wall 3 through infrared induction, the fish-attracting or fish-attracting state can be automatically switched; the wireless sonar fish finder b1, b2, b3 and b4 are used for directly observing the migration path of fish or distinguishing the harmful fish from the fish counting function; the flow rate tester d is used for detecting whether the flow rate of water at the working gate 14 of the lower gate head meets the migration fishes, so as to control the opening and closing degree of the herringbone gate 8 of the lower gate head; the first fish gathering pool e1 is used for gathering fish shoals briefly and screening harmful fish; the fish storage pool f1 is provided with a gradient, the gradient close to the automatic induction door 20 is low, and fish is guided to pass through the automatic induction door 20; the fish storage pool f2 is provided with a gradient, and the gradient near the side where the fish suction pump 19 is arranged is low;

the application method of the fish passing device combined with the ship lock comprises the following steps:

1) Assuming that the initial state of the ship lock is a closed state, the initial position of the fishing net cage 13 is at the end of the lower lock head pulley running track g1, when fish passing is started, the lower lock head working gate 14 positioned at the lower lock head 7 is opened, the working gate 14 is opened to be in a splayed state outwards, meanwhile, the lower lock head herringbone gate 8 is opened, the opening degree of the lower lock head herringbone gate 8 is automatically adjusted according to upstream inflow water, and the flow rate suitable for fish migration is measured at the position of the lower lock head working gate 14 through the flow rate tester d, as shown in fig. 2.

2) The fish-attracting integrated lamp a1 arranged on the lower lock head working gate 14, the inner side wall of the lower lock head 7 and the lower lock head herringbone gate 8 is started, the fish-attracting integrated lamp a1 is in a fish attracting state, and meanwhile, the underwater winch 15 is started, so that the fishing net cage 13 at the end g1 moves to the end g2 through the pulley running rail 11.

3) After reaching the designated position, the fishing net cage 13 arranged in the lower lock head is opened, and a device for attracting harmful fishes is placed in the fishing net cage 13 in advance, so that the harmful fishes are promoted to enter the fishing net cage.

4) Simultaneously, the wireless sonar fish finder b1 starts to work, the state of the fish shoal near the lower lock head 7 is observed, when a large number of fish shoals are detected to be attracted near the lower lock head working gate 14, the lower lock head working gate 14 is gradually closed, the fish shoals enter the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 along with the fish trapping lamps on the lower lock head working gate 14, and meanwhile, the lower lock head herringbone gate 8 is closed, so that the fish shoals are gathered in the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1, and harmful fish fully enter the fish catching net cage 13.

5) When the wireless sonar fish finder b1 detects that the fishing net cage 13 is full, the fishing net cage 13 is closed, the fish suction pump 19 is started, the fish shoals in the fishing net cage 13 are all introduced into the fish storage pool f1, and after the fish shoals in the fishing net cage 13 all enter the fish storage pool f1, the fish suction pump 19 is closed as shown in fig. 3.

6) Opening the lower gate head herringbone gate 8, opening the fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp a1 arranged on the inner side wall body of the lower gate head 7, the lower gate head working gate 14 and the lower gate head herringbone gate 8, keeping the lamp in a fish-driving state, meanwhile, the shoal in the fish storage pool f1 starts to pass through the automatic induction gate 20, after screening, harmful fish is separated into a net cage below the fish storage pool f1, a maintainer can periodically check the net cage, timely clean the harmful fish, and partial migratory fish mistakenly entering the fish-catching net cage 13 enter the fish storage pool f2, as shown in fig. 4.

7) The fish driving is continued until the wireless sonar detector b1 detects that the fish shoal in the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 is separated, the lower lock head herringbone gate 8 is closed, the fish driving lamp c1 of the lower lock head herringbone gate 8 on the upstream surface side is opened, the fish shoal swimming direction is detected through the wireless sonar fish detector b2 arranged on the lower lock head 7, the fish shoal in the lower lock head 7 is fully separated and enters the lock chamber of the ship lock, the migration fish shoal in the fish storage pond f2 returns to the lock chamber through the fish sucking pump 19, and harmful fish can be treated correspondingly, as shown in fig. 5.

8) The initial state of the driving device 6 is an open state, namely, the fishing net 23 of the driving device 6 is stored on the horizontal rod 10 at the bottom, the initial position of the driving device 6 is located near the lower lock head 7, when the wireless sonar fish detector b3 arranged on the inner side wall 3 of the ship lock detects that a large amount of fish is gathered on the upstream side of the driving device 6, the driving device 6 is gradually closed, namely, the fishing net 23 on the driving device 6 is unfolded, and the height of the fishing net 23 is slightly higher than the height of the water surface in the ship lock.

9) The waterproof driving motor 4 installed on the lock chamber wall 3 is started, the threaded screw rod 5 starts to rotate, the driving device 6 starts to operate through a round hole with threads reserved in the driving device 6, meanwhile, in order to prevent the driving device 6 from rotating along with the threaded screw rod 5, the lower portion of the driving device 6 is further connected with a pulley operation track 11, the driving device 6 can smoothly slide along the track 11 under the rotation of the threaded screw rod 5 and slowly move along the lock chamber wall 3 at a uniform speed, meanwhile, the driving and attracting integrated lamps a2 are installed on two sides of the lock chamber wall 3, when the sensing devices on the driving and attracting integrated lamps a2 detect that the driving device 6 passes through the driving and attracting integrated lamps a2, the driving and attracting integrated lamps a2 can automatically switch the driving or attracting states, the driving and attracting integrated lamps a2 installed on two sides of the lock chamber wall 3 are in an attracting state, the driving and attracting integrated lamps a3 located on the upper lock chamber wall 2 are started, the driving and attracting integrated lamps a driving and attracting the driving and attracting integrated lamps a3 are kept in a attracting state, and the driving and attracting integrated lamps are fast moving along with the moving lock chamber 6, and the driving device is fast in the driving and the driving device is shown in the figure.

10 When the wireless sonar fish finder b4 installed on the upper gate head 1 detects that the fish shoal reaches the upper gate head fish collecting pond e2, the upper gate head herring gate 2 and the fish-driving integrated lamp a3 on the upper gate head herring gate 2 are gradually opened, the fish-driving induction integrated lamp a3 is kept in a fish-driving state, the fish-driving integrated lamp a4 positioned on two side walls of the upper gate head 1 is opened, the fish shoal is kept in a fish-driving state, and the fish shoal leaves the upper gate head fish collecting pond e2 under the guidance of the fish-driving lamp, the fish-driving lamp and upstream water flow, as shown in fig. 8.

11 When the fish shoal fully leaves the upper lock head fish collecting pond e2, the upper lock head herringbone gate 2 is closed, the fish driving lamp c2 positioned on the upstream surface side of the upper lock head herringbone gate 2 is started, the fish driving and attracting integrated lamps a4 positioned on the two side walls of the upper lock head are adjusted to be in a fish driving state, so that the fish shoal leaves the upper lock head 1, and fish passing is completed once.

12 The driving device 6 is started, the fishing net 15 is retracted in the horizontal rod 10 at the lower end through the waterproof driving motor 4 in the driving device 6, the waterproof driving motor 4 arranged at the two ends of the lock wall 3 is started, at the moment, the waterproof driving motor 4 and the waterproof driving motor 4 in the step 9 are opposite in running direction, the threaded screw rod 5 starts to reversely rotate, the driving device 6 starts to run through a round hole with threads reserved in the driving device 6, and the driving device 6 returns to the initial position of the lower lock head 7. Continuing to pass the fish, and sequentially performing the steps 1.

Claims (5)

1. The fish passing device combined with the ship lock is characterized by comprising an upper lock head (1), a ship lock chamber wall (3), a lower lock head (7), an upper lock head herringbone gate (2) arranged on the upper lock head (1), a lower lock head herringbone gate (8) arranged in the middle of the lower lock head, a downstream working gate (14) arranged at the tail of the lower lock head, a harmful fish filtering and recycling device arranged at the lower lock head and a fish swarm driving device arranged on the ship lock chamber wall, wherein a lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 is arranged between the lower lock head herringbone gate (8) and the downstream working gate (14), and a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp for driving and attracting and a fish detecting device for detecting the position of a fish swarm are arranged on the fish passing device;

the harmful fish filtering and recycling device is arranged at the inlet of the lower lock head and comprises a fishing net cage (13) for capturing harmful fish, a fish sucking pump (19) for transferring the fish in the fishing net cage to a water reservoir, and a harmful fish filtering device arranged in the water reservoir, wherein the harmful fish filtering device is used for filtering the fish shoals transferred from the fishing net cage (13) and transferring non-harmful fish into the lock chamber through the fish sucking pump;

the fish swarm driving device comprises a fishing net (23), and the rapid fish passing is realized by driving the retraction and the reciprocating motion of the fishing net along a lock chamber wall (3) of the ship lock;

the length of a lower lock head (7) at one side of the water storage tank is larger than that at the other side, the harmful fish filtering and recycling device is arranged at one side of the water storage tank, the device also comprises a half U-shaped track and underwater windlass (15) arranged at two ends of the half U-shaped track, the underwater windlass (15) drives the fishing net cage (13) to move on the half U-shaped track, and a device for attracting harmful fish is arranged in the fishing net cage (13);

the harmful fish filtering and recycling device also comprises net cage positioning plates (16) arranged at two ends of the semi-U-shaped track, a galvanized steel wire rope (18) and a transverse pulley (17) arranged on the galvanized steel wire rope (18); the underwater winch (15) controls the movement of the fishing net cage (13) by pulling the galvanized steel wire rope (18);

the reservoir is divided into a reservoir f1 and a reservoir f2, a harmful fish filtering device is arranged in the reservoir f1, harmful fish screened out by the harmful fish filtering device enters a net cage below the reservoir f1, migration fish which mistakenly enters a fishing net cage (13) enter the reservoir f2, and migration fish in the reservoir f2 returns to the lock chamber through a fish suction pump;

the fish school driving device comprises threaded screw rods (5) which are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the lock chamber walls (3) at the two sides, each threaded screw rod (5) at the bottom is provided with a driving device, a reel is arranged between the driving devices at the two sides, and a fishing net (23) is wound on the reel;

the two screw thread screws (5) at the top are provided with driving devices, a horizontal rod (10) is arranged between the driving devices at the two sides, the horizontal rod (10) is provided with a wire spool (9), and the fishing net is retracted and released by controlling the rotation of the horizontal rod (10);

the harmful fish filtering device comprises a plurality of automatic induction doors I (20), fish detection devices (21) and automatic induction doors II (22) which are arranged in parallel;

when the automatic induction doors I (20) detect that fish shoals approach, the doors are opened automatically, each automatic induction door I (20) controls the passing of one fish each time, the fish detection device (21) is used for detecting whether the fish belongs to harmful fish, and the opening and closing of the automatic induction doors II (22) are controlled by the type of the identified fish; the automatic induction door II (22) is automatically opened after receiving the harmful fish signals sent by the fish detection device (21), so that harmful fish enters a net cage below the fish storage pool f1, and if the automatic induction door II (22) receives the migratory fish signals sent by the fish detection device (21), the automatic induction door II can be kept in a closed state.

2. The fish passing device according to claim 1, wherein a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp, a wireless sonar fish finder and a flow rate tester d are arranged on the upstream surface of the downstream working gate (14), a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp is arranged on the downstream surface of the lower gate head chevron gate (8), a downstream fish driving lamp is arranged on the upstream surface of the lower gate head chevron gate (8), and a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp and a wireless sonar fish finder are arranged on the inner wall of a lower gate head (7) positioned between the downstream working gate (14) and the lower gate head chevron gate (8); the inner wall of the lower lock head (7) is provided with a wireless sonar fish detector near the lock chamber wall (3).

3. The fish passing device according to claim 2, wherein the fish storage tank f1 has a gradient, the gradient of the fish storage tank f1 near the automatic induction door i (20) is low, the fish is guided to pass the automatic induction door i (20), the fish storage tank f2 has a gradient, and the gradient of the fish storage tank f2 near the side where the fish suction pump is installed is low.

4. A fish passing device according to claim 3, wherein the drive means comprises a waterproof drive motor;

the wireless sonar fish detector is arranged at the entrance of the inner wall of the lock chamber wall (3), and fish attracting and sensing integrated lamps are uniformly distributed in the middle of the inner wall of the lock chamber wall (3); a wireless sonar fish detector is arranged on one side, close to a lock chamber, of the inner wall of the upper lock head (1), an integrated fish-attracting lamp is arranged on the back surface of the upper lock head herringbone gate (2), and an upstream fish-attracting lamp is arranged on the upstream surface; an integral fish-attracting lamp is avoided being arranged in the side, far away from the lock chamber, of the upper lock head (1); an upper lock head fish collecting pond e2 is arranged in the upper lock head (1).

5. A method of fish passing using the fish passing device of claim 4, comprising the steps of:

step (1): the initial state of the ship lock is a closed state, the initial position of the fishing net cage (13) is at the g1 end of the lower lock head pulley running track, when fish passing is started, the lower lock head working gate (14) is opened to present a splayed state outwards, meanwhile, the lower lock head herringbone gate (8) is opened, and the opening degree of the lower lock head herringbone gate (8) is automatically regulated according to upstream inflow water, so that the flow rate suitable for fish migration is measured at the position of the lower lock head working gate (14) through the flow rate tester d;

step (2): starting a fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp, enabling the fish-driving and attracting integrated lamp to be in a fish attracting state, and simultaneously starting an underwater winch (15) to enable a fishing net cage (13) positioned at the g1 end to run to the g2 end;

step (3): after reaching the designated position, opening a fishing net cage (13), and placing a device for attracting harmful fishes in the fishing net cage (13) so that the harmful fishes enter the fishing net cage (13);

step (4): simultaneously, the wireless sonar fish finder starts to work, when a large number of fish shoals are detected to be attracted to the vicinity of the lower lock head working gate (14), the lower lock head working gate (14) is gradually closed, the fish shoals enter the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 along with the fish trapping lamps on the lower lock head working gate (14), and meanwhile, the lower lock head herringbone gate (8) is closed, so that the fish shoals are gathered in the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1, and harmful fish fully enter the fish catching net cage (13);

step (5): when the wireless sonar fish finder detects that the fishing net cage (13) is full, the fishing net cage (13) is closed, the fish sucking pump is started, the fish shoals in the fishing net cage (13) are all introduced into the fish storage pool f1, and after the fish shoals in the fishing net cage (13) all enter the fish storage pool f1, the fish sucking pump is closed;

step (6): starting a lower gate head herringbone gate (8), starting a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp, keeping the lamp in a fish driving state, enabling a fish shoal in a fish storage pool f1 to pass through an automatic sensing gate I (20), screening, separating harmful fish into a net cage below the fish storage pool f1, and enabling a part of the swimming fish which is mistakenly caught in a fishing net cage (13) to enter a fish storage pool f 2;

step (7): continuously driving fish until the wireless sonar detector detects that the fish in the lower lock head fish collecting pond e1 is separated, closing the lower lock head herringbone gate (8), opening a downstream fish driving lamp of the lower lock head herringbone gate (8) positioned on the upstream surface side, detecting the swimming direction of the fish by the wireless sonar fish detector, enabling the fish in the lower lock head (7) to be separated fully and enter a lock chamber of a ship lock, and enabling the migration fish in the fish storage pond f2 to return to the lock chamber by a fish suction pump (19);

step (8): the initial state of the driving device (6) is an opening state, namely, the fishing net (23) of the driving device (6) is stored on a reel at the bottom at the moment, the initial position of the driving device (6) is positioned close to the lower lock head (7), and when the wireless sonar fish detector detects that a large number of fish shoals are gathered on the upstream side of the driving device (6), the driving device (6) is gradually closed, namely, the fishing net (23) on the fish shoal driving device is unfolded, and the fishing net is higher than the water level in a lock chamber;

step (9): the driving device (6) slides smoothly along the track under the rotation of the threaded screw rod (5) and slowly moves along the direction of a lock chamber wall (3), when the driving-induced integrated lamp detects that the driving-induced integrated lamp (6) passes, the driving-induced integrated lamp automatically switches the driving state or the induced state, the initial state of the driving-induced integrated lamp is the induced state, the driving-induced integrated lamp positioned on the upper lock head herringbone gate (2) is started, the driving-induced integrated lamp is kept in the induced state, the upstream moving speed of the migration fish swarm is accelerated, and the fish swarm moves upstream along with the driving device (6) and passes through the lock chamber;

step (10): when the wireless sonar fish finder detects that the fish shoal reaches the upper gate head fish collecting pond e2, gradually opening an upper gate head herringbone gate (2) and a fish driving and attracting integrated lamp, keeping the fish driving and attracting integrated lamp in a fish driving state, starting the fish driving and attracting integrated lamp, keeping the fish driving and attracting integrated lamp in a fish attracting state, and enabling the fish shoal to leave the upper gate head fish collecting pond e2 under the guidance of the fish driving lamp, the fish attracting lamp and upstream water flow;

step (11): when the fish shoal leaves the upper brake head fish collecting pond e2 fully, closing the upper brake head herringbone gate (2), starting an upstream fish driving lamp, and adjusting the fish driving and attracting integrated lamps positioned on two side walls of the upper brake head to be in a fish driving state, so that the fish shoal leaves the upper brake head (1), and fish passing is completed once;

step (12): the fishing net (23) is reset and is prepared for the next fish passing.