CN114409339A - High-strength anti-cracking concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength anti-cracking concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114409339A
CN114409339A CN202210124310.9A CN202210124310A CN114409339A CN 114409339 A CN114409339 A CN 114409339A CN 202210124310 A CN202210124310 A CN 202210124310A CN 114409339 A CN114409339 A CN 114409339A
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parts
basalt fiber
agent
water
strength
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陈稳城
蔡铭
李俊
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Guangzhou Shengmen New Material Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Shengmen New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
    • C04B14/46—Rock wool ; Ceramic or silicate fibres
    • C04B14/4643—Silicates other than zircon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/04—Heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
    • C04B22/062—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals
    • C04B22/064—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals of the alkaline-earth metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
    • C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, and discloses high-strength anti-cracking concrete and a preparation method thereof. The concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 parts of ordinary portland cement, 630 parts of coarse aggregate, 360 parts of fine aggregate, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 50-60 parts of modified basalt fiber, 5-10 parts of expanding agent, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-6 parts of anti-freezing agent and 200 parts of water 160; the preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder; and adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, uniformly stirring, then adding the mixed powder, and continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent. The concrete prepared by the invention has excellent compressive strength and cracking resistance.

Description

High-strength anti-cracking concrete and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to high-strength anti-cracking concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress of society and the rapid development of the ground construction of modern cities, various reinforced concrete buildings cover the modern cities on a large scale. The concrete is a building material which is most widely applied, and is prepared from raw materials such as aggregate, cement, water and the like according to a certain proportion. The cement concrete pavement is one of the main structural forms of high-grade pavements in China, and the road concrete is favored due to numerous advantages, however, while the cement concrete pavement is rapidly developed, the disease problem, particularly the durable disease problem, tends to be serious day by day. According to the investigation, the trunk roads paved by a plurality of concrete pavements have large-area surface durability damage after being used for one year. The main surface of the northern freezing area is freeze-thaw damage, and the concrete pavement of China also has shrinkage cracking damage generally. Therefore, the improvement of the frost cracking resistance of the concrete has important significance and value. At present, the measure generally adopted for improving the frost resistance and the cracking resistance of the concrete is to dope fibers in the concrete so as to improve the frost resistance and the cracking resistance and the strength of the concrete.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109369091 discloses a hybrid basalt fiber reinforced concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein at present, aggregate and gel material are uniformly stirred to obtain an aggregate mixture, then chopped basalt fiber bundles and chopped basalt fiber are added into the aggregate mixture, the mixture is stirred and gradually added in the stirring, and the hybrid basalt fiber reinforced concrete is obtained by continuously and uniformly stirring, which is beneficial to improving the cracking resistance of the concrete material. However, due to the defects of smooth surface, poor wetting property and other surface properties of the basalt fiber, the bonding force of other concrete materials is poor, and the improvement of the strength and the cracking resistance of the basalt fiber to the concrete materials is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides high-strength anti-cracking concrete. The basalt fiber in the concrete material prepared by the method has a rough surface and good wettability, and is beneficial to improving the binding force between the basalt fiber and the concrete material components, so that the reinforcing effect and the cracking resistance of the basalt fiber on the concrete material are improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength anti-cracking concrete.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
400 parts of ordinary portland cement, 630 parts of coarse aggregate, 360 parts of fine aggregate, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 50-60 parts of modified basalt fiber, 5-10 parts of expanding agent, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-6 parts of anti-freezing agent and 200 parts of water 160.
Preferably, the coarse aggregate is natural macadam; the average grain diameter of the coarse aggregate is 10-20mm continuous gradation, and the mud content is less than 1.0%.
Preferably, the fine aggregate is the sand in the area II, the average grain diameter is 0.1-0.3mm continuous gradation, and the mud content is less than 2.0%.
Preferably, the fineness of the fly ash is 0.3-0.5.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is one or more of a melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent.
Preferably, the expanding agent is a mixture of calcium oxide and aluminum calcium sulfate.
Preferably, the antifreeze agent is one or more of sodium nitrite and calcium chloride.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps:
1) heating the basalt fiber, cooling, washing and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
2) adding a silane coupling agent KH560 into deionized water, stirring and hydrolyzing to obtain silane coupling agent hydrolysate, adding the pretreated basalt fiber into the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, heating for reaction, taking out and drying to obtain surface-modified basalt fiber;
3) adding carboxymethyl chitosan into water to dissolve and prepare carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, adding an acid catalyst into the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, then adding the surface modified basalt fiber, heating for reaction, taking out and drying to obtain the modified basalt fiber. Preferably, the heating reaction temperature in the step 3) is 70-80 ℃, and the heating reaction time is 2-5 h.
A preparation method of high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder; and adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, uniformly stirring, then adding the mixed powder, and continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) on one hand, the compactness in the concrete material is improved by controlling the particle sizes of the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the fly ash, and the cracking of the concrete caused by the defect of a gap in the concrete material is avoided; on the other hand, the invention can counteract the shrinkage stress generated by hardening the inside of the mixed part of the concrete by adding the expanding agent, thereby playing a role of inhibiting the cracks.
2) According to the invention, the basalt fiber is doped in the concrete, a three-dimensional grid structure is formed in the concrete, and a skeleton reinforcing effect is achieved, so that the strength and the anti-cracking performance of the concrete are improved, and the binding force between the basalt fiber and the concrete material is poor due to the surface defects of the basalt fiber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available or available to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the examples of the present invention are all those known to those skilled in the art.
In the specific embodiment, the coarse aggregate is natural macadam; the average particle size of the coarse aggregate is 10-20mm continuous gradation, and the mud content is less than 1.0%; the fine aggregate is sand in zone II, the average grain diameter is 0.1-0.3mm, and the mud content is less than 2.0%.
Example 1
Preparing modified basalt fibers:
1) placing the basalt fiber in a muffle furnace, heating for 3h at 250 ℃, cooling, washing with water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
2) adding a silane coupling agent KH560 into deionized water according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g/80mL, stirring and hydrolyzing for 2h to obtain silane coupling agent hydrolysate, adding pretreated basalt fiber into the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated basalt fiber to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.3, heating in a water bath to 60 ℃, taking out, and drying in an oven to obtain surface modified basalt fiber;
3) adding carboxymethyl chitosan into water to dissolve and prepare a carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1.5%, adding an acid catalyst into the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, wherein the addition amount of the acid catalyst is 0.2% of that of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, the acid catalyst is prepared from stannic chloride and hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 15 wt% according to the mass ratio of 1:3, then adding surface modified basalt fiber, the mass ratio of the surface modified basalt fiber to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:0.5, heating in a water bath to 80 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours, taking out after the reaction is finished, and placing in an oven for drying to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
The high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
400 parts of ordinary portland cement, 630 parts of coarse aggregate, 360 parts of fine aggregate, 100 parts of fly ash, 60 parts of modified basalt fiber, 10 parts of expanding agent, 10 parts of melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent, 6 parts of calcium chloride antifreeze agent and 200 parts of water; wherein the fineness of the fly ash is 0.3; the expanding agent is a mixture of calcium oxide and aluminum calcium sulfate, and the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the aluminum calcium sulfate is 1: 2.
The preparation method of the high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder; adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, stirring for 10min at a speed of 500r/min, then adding the mixed powder, and continuing stirring for 20min to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent.
Example 2
Preparing modified basalt fibers:
1) placing the basalt fiber in a muffle furnace, heating for 3h at 250 ℃, cooling, washing with water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
2) adding a silane coupling agent KH560 into deionized water according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g/80mL, stirring and hydrolyzing for 2h to obtain silane coupling agent hydrolysate, adding pretreated basalt fiber into the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated basalt fiber to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.3, heating in a water bath to 60 ℃, taking out, and drying in an oven to obtain surface modified basalt fiber;
3) adding carboxymethyl chitosan into water to dissolve and prepare a carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1.5%, adding an acid catalyst into the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, wherein the addition amount of the acid catalyst is 0.2% of that of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, the acid catalyst is prepared from stannic chloride and hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 15 wt% according to the mass ratio of 1:3, then adding surface modified basalt fiber, the mass ratio of the surface modified basalt fiber to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:0.5, heating in a water bath to 70 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 5 hours, taking out after the reaction is finished, and drying in an oven to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
The high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
350 parts of ordinary portland cement, 600 parts of coarse aggregate, 330 parts of fine aggregate, 70 parts of fly ash, 50 parts of modified basalt fiber, 5 parts of expanding agent, 5 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 3 parts of calcium chloride antifreeze agent and 160 parts of water; wherein the fineness of the fly ash is 0.5; the expanding agent is a mixture of calcium oxide and aluminum calcium sulfate, and the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the aluminum calcium sulfate is 1: 2.
The preparation method of the high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder; adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, stirring for 10min at a speed of 500r/min, then adding the mixed powder, and continuing stirring for 20min to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent.
Example 3
Preparing modified basalt fibers:
1) placing the basalt fiber in a muffle furnace, heating for 3h at 250 ℃, cooling, washing with water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
2) adding a silane coupling agent KH560 into deionized water according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g/80mL, stirring and hydrolyzing for 2h to obtain silane coupling agent hydrolysate, adding pretreated basalt fiber into the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated basalt fiber to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.3, heating in a water bath to 60 ℃, taking out, and drying in an oven to obtain surface modified basalt fiber;
3) adding carboxymethyl chitosan into water to dissolve and prepare a carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1.5%, adding an acid catalyst into the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, wherein the addition amount of the acid catalyst is 0.2% of that of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, the acid catalyst is prepared from stannic chloride and hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 15 wt% according to the mass ratio of 1:3, then adding surface modified basalt fiber, the mass ratio of the surface modified basalt fiber to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:0.5, heating in a water bath to 80 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours, taking out after the reaction is finished, and drying in an oven to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
The high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
380 parts of ordinary portland cement, 620 parts of coarse aggregate, 350 parts of fine aggregate, 90 parts of fly ash, 58 parts of modified basalt fiber, 8 parts of expanding agent, 9 parts of calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent, 5 parts of sodium nitrite antifreeze agent and 190 parts of water; wherein the fineness of the fly ash is 0.4; the expanding agent is a mixture of calcium oxide and aluminum calcium sulfate, and the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the aluminum calcium sulfate is 1: 2.
The preparation method of the high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder; adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, stirring for 10min at a speed of 500r/min, then adding the mixed powder, and continuing stirring for 20min to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent.
Example 4
Preparing modified basalt fibers:
1) placing the basalt fiber in a muffle furnace, heating for 3h at 250 ℃, cooling, washing with water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
2) adding a silane coupling agent KH560 into deionized water according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g/80mL, stirring and hydrolyzing for 2h to obtain silane coupling agent hydrolysate, adding pretreated basalt fiber into the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated basalt fiber to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.3, heating in a water bath to 60 ℃, taking out, and drying in an oven to obtain surface modified basalt fiber;
3) adding carboxymethyl chitosan into water to dissolve and prepare a carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1.5%, adding an acid catalyst into the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, wherein the addition amount of the acid catalyst is 0.2% of that of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, the acid catalyst is prepared from stannic chloride and hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 15 wt% according to the mass ratio of 1:3, then adding surface modified basalt fiber, the mass ratio of the surface modified basalt fiber to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:0.5, heating in a water bath to 70 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4 hours, taking out after the reaction is finished, and drying in an oven to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
The high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
360 parts of ordinary portland cement, 610 parts of coarse aggregate, 340 parts of fine aggregate, 80 parts of fly ash, 52 parts of modified basalt fiber, 6 parts of expanding agent, 6 parts of melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent, 4 parts of calcium chloride antifreeze agent and 170 parts of water; wherein the fineness of the fly ash is 0.3; the expanding agent is a mixture of calcium oxide and aluminum calcium sulfate, and the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the aluminum calcium sulfate is 1: 2.
The preparation method of the high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder; adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, stirring for 10min at a speed of 500r/min, then adding the mixed powder, and continuing stirring for 20min to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent.
Example 5
Preparing modified basalt fibers:
1) placing the basalt fiber in a muffle furnace, heating for 3h at 250 ℃, cooling, washing with water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
2) adding a silane coupling agent KH560 into deionized water according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g/80mL, stirring and hydrolyzing for 2h to obtain silane coupling agent hydrolysate, adding pretreated basalt fiber into the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated basalt fiber to the silane coupling agent is 1:0.3, heating in a water bath to 60 ℃, taking out, and drying in an oven to obtain surface modified basalt fiber;
3) adding carboxymethyl chitosan into water to dissolve and prepare a carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1.5%, adding an acid catalyst into the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, wherein the addition amount of the acid catalyst is 0.2% of that of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, the acid catalyst is prepared from stannic chloride and hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 15 wt% according to the mass ratio of 1:3, then adding surface modified basalt fiber, the mass ratio of the surface modified basalt fiber to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:0.5, heating in a water bath to 75 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3 hours, taking out after the reaction is finished, and drying in an oven to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
The high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
370 parts of ordinary portland cement, 620 parts of coarse aggregate, 345 parts of fine aggregate, 85 parts of fly ash, 55 parts of modified basalt fiber, 8 parts of expanding agent, 7 parts of calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent, 5 parts of sodium nitrite antifreeze agent and 180 parts of water; wherein the fineness of the fly ash is 0.5; the expanding agent is a mixture of calcium oxide and aluminum calcium sulfate, and the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the aluminum calcium sulfate is 1: 2.
The preparation method of the high-strength anti-cracking concrete comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder; adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, stirring for 10min at a speed of 500r/min, then adding the mixed powder, and continuing stirring for 20min to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent.
Comparative example
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that the modified basalt fiber in the concrete component is replaced with a general basalt fiber.
And (3) performance testing:
1. testing the strength of concrete:
the concretes prepared in the examples and comparative examples were poured into moulds and demoulded at room temperature for 24h, and the test blocks were cured under standard conditions (temperature 20 ℃, relative humidity 95 ℃) and then tested for compressive strength after 3d, 7d and 28 d. The results of the compressive strength according to GB/T17671-1999 method for testing cement mortar strength (IOS method) are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0003499793780000061
2. early cracking performance test of concrete
Concrete prepared in examples and comparative examples is poured into a mould, then placed in a wind blowing environment, and the early cracking condition of a concrete sample within 24h is observed by using a feeler gauge for measuring the width of a crack, and the results are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0003499793780000071
the strength and the cracking resistance of the concrete in the examples 1-3 are compared with those of the concrete in the comparative example, and the concrete in the examples 1-3 has higher compressive strength and cracking resistance in comparison with the comparative example, so that the strength and the cracking resistance of the concrete can be obviously improved after the surface modification treatment of the basalt fiber.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The high-strength anti-cracking concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
400 parts of ordinary portland cement, 630 parts of coarse aggregate, 360 parts of fine aggregate, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 50-60 parts of modified basalt fiber, 5-10 parts of expanding agent, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-6 parts of anti-freezing agent and 200 parts of water 160.
2. The high-strength crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the coarse aggregate is natural crushed stone; the average grain diameter of the coarse aggregate is 10-20mm continuous gradation, and the mud content is less than 1.0%.
3. The high-strength crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the fine aggregate is sand in zone II, the average particle size is 0.1-0.3mm continuous gradation, and the mud content is less than 2.0%.
4. The high-strength crack-resistant concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fineness of the fly ash is 0.3-0.5.
5. The high-strength anti-cracking concrete according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is one or more of a melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent.
6. The high strength crack resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the expanding agent is a mixture of calcium oxide and aluminum calcium sulfate.
7. The high-strength anti-cracking concrete according to claim 1, wherein the antifreeze agent is one or more of sodium nitrite and calcium chloride.
8. The high-strength anti-cracking concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps:
1) heating the basalt fiber, cooling, washing and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
2) adding a silane coupling agent KH560 into deionized water, stirring and hydrolyzing to obtain silane coupling agent hydrolysate, adding the pretreated basalt fiber into the silane coupling agent hydrolysate, heating for reaction, taking out and drying to obtain surface-modified basalt fiber;
3) adding carboxymethyl chitosan into water to dissolve and prepare carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, adding an acid catalyst into the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution, then adding the surface modified basalt fiber, heating for reaction, taking out and drying to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
9. The high-strength anti-cracking concrete according to claim 8, wherein the heating reaction temperature in the step 3) is 70-80 ℃, and the heating reaction time is 2-5 h.
10. A method for preparing a high strength crack resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
uniformly mixing ordinary portland cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash and modified basalt fiber to obtain mixed powder;
and adding the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the anti-freezing agent into water, uniformly stirring, then adding the mixed powder, and continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the water-based anti-freezing agent.
CN202210124310.9A 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 High-strength anti-cracking concrete and preparation method thereof Pending CN114409339A (en)

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