CN114402919B - Method for preventing and treating grassland pests - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating grassland pests Download PDFInfo
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- CN114402919B CN114402919B CN202210180642.9A CN202210180642A CN114402919B CN 114402919 B CN114402919 B CN 114402919B CN 202210180642 A CN202210180642 A CN 202210180642A CN 114402919 B CN114402919 B CN 114402919B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/12—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture
- A01B39/18—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture for weeding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/20—Tools; Details
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/20—Tools; Details
- A01B39/22—Tools; Mounting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
- A01M21/043—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by chemicals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling grassland harmful organisms, which comprises the steps of preventing excessive grazing by reasonably controlling a grassland pasturing area, specifically adopting a pasturing area dividing and alternate pasturing method to alternately replace pasturing turf, improving the service life of grass planting in the pasture by planting trample-resistant pasture, forming virtuous cycle by fully utilizing manure of cattle and sheep, and being beneficial to the pasturing grassland, thereby realizing reasonable grazing and virtuous cycle of the pasturing area and maximally controlling the growth of harmful plants such as eupatorium adenophorum, rheum officinale and euphorbia lantu flower. In the pastoral area of good circulation, promote this kill and shovel all-in-one and come to drive harmful plant and clear up, drive arc spiller through the motor and shovel the harmful thing plant, through rotatory arc, can spray the liquid medicine all around to the plant, the high efficiency is killed harmful plant, and in addition, the root of plant is fully soaked to the liquid medicine downward flow, reaches to the effect of shoveling fast and killing the medicine of spouting of eupatorium adenophorum, native rhubarb and radix euphorbiae lantu flower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grassland treatment, in particular to a method for preventing and treating pests in grassland.
Background
The measures for controlling harmful organisms harmful to grasslands and pastures are one of the grassland management contents and are also a component part of plant protection. Harmful biological plants that harm grasslands and pastures and cause economic losses include organisms, pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic seed plants, weeds, and the like. Grassland protection is divided into aspects of grassland rodent control, pasture pest control, pasture disease control, grassland weed control and the like according to the types of objects to be researched and controlled. The main control measures include plant quarantine, disease and insect resistant breeding, chemical control, physical control, ecological control, biological control and the like, and the chemical control is used more frequently.
At present, due to excessive grazing on part of grasslands, harmful weeds which are not eaten by cattle and sheep easily grow excessively. Which comprises Eupatorium adenophorum, rheum officinale and Euphorbiae Fischerianae flower.
Chemical control is the most effective method for controlling the production of harmful weeds, and mainly utilizes a chemical herbicide which is efficient, low-toxicity, low-residue and safe to people and livestock to kill the harmful weeds on a large scale. In order to achieve the best effect of preventing and killing the eupatorium adenophorum by utilizing the herbicide, the whole plant, especially the lower part of the plant needs to be sprayed with water. Although the chemical prevention and treatment has the advantages of rapid effect, convenient use, easy large-area popularization and application and the like, and achieves certain effect in the prevention and treatment process of the eupatorium adenophorum.
However, at present, the Chinese herbal medicines are eupatorium adenophorum, rheum officinale and stellera chamaejasme flower. In the treatment process, under the condition of reasonable grazing in a grassland, the single plant and the regional pests need to be sprayed point to point, and the pesticide can permeate the roots of the pests and be directly eradicated under special conditions.
Therefore, the invention provides a control method for grassland pests by combining with an efficient pesticide spraying and shoveling device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for controlling grassland pests.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of controlling grassland pests, comprising:
s1, grazing area management: reasonably dividing a plurality of alternately grazing areas, and making an alternate period, wherein the alternate period ranges from 20 days to 30 days;
s2, supplementing grass and dividing fertilizer: supplementing trampling-resistant pasture aiming at a grazing area, uniformly spreading cattle and sheep manure, wherein the trampling-resistant pasture is one or more of plantain, dandelion and white clover, the dispersion standard of the cattle and sheep manure is 50-100 g/square meter, and additionally supplementing fertilizer if the grazing group manure is insufficient;
s3, time management in grazing seasons: determining the time for stopping grazing, stopping grazing one month before the growth season of the pasture is finished, and determining the time for starting grazing, wherein the pasture germinates for 25 days in early spring;
s4, harmful grass treatment and control: adopt and kill and shovel all-in-one to disinfect and shovel harmful weeds in the pasturing area, and can graze once more after 2 periods of turn at least intervals after the weeding operation.
Foretell all-in-one is eradicated to kill, including the base, the below of base is provided with the roll wheel, and the upper surface left end fixedly connected with vertical threaded rod of base, the top surface cover of vertical threaded rod are equipped with a horizontal platform, the through-hole with vertical threaded rod adaptation is seted up on the surface of horizontal platform, and the top of base is provided with the spray tank, and the last fixed surface of horizontal platform installs the motor, the output shaft fixedly connected with drive tube of motor, the lower fixed surface that the drive tube extends to horizontal platform is connected with the arc, and the rectangular hole has been seted up to the bottom side of arc, and the inside grafting of rectangular hole has the rectangular pole, and the left end fixedly connected with semicircle ring of rectangular pole, the upper surface of spray tank are provided with small-size water pump, and the delivery channel has been seted up to the inside of horizontal platform, delivery channel and the output intercommunication of small-size water pump, the feed liquor hole has been seted up on the surface of drive tube, and the arc is hollow structure, and the bottom of drive tube communicates with the inside of arc, and the inside liquid medicine of delivery channel passes through the feed liquor hole entering the inside of arc, and the inside of arc has seted up a plurality of apopores in the left side of arc.
Preferably, the number of the rolling wheels is at least four, and the four rolling wheels are distributed at four corners of the lower surface of the base.
Preferably, the surface of the vertical threaded rod is in threaded connection with two adjusting nuts, the two adjusting nuts are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the transverse table, and the diameter of each adjusting nut is larger than that of the through hole in the surface of the transverse table.
Preferably, the left end fixedly connected with arc spiller of rectangle pole, the bottom surface threaded connection of arc has the braking jackscrew, and the braking jackscrew extends to the inside tight rectangle pole of supporting in rectangular hole.
Preferably, the top of base is provided with the bracing piece, and the top of bracing piece is provided with the sunroof, the last surface mounting of sunroof has the solar photovoltaic board, the upper surface of base is provided with the battery, battery and small-size water pump, solar photovoltaic board and motor electric connection, the handle bar is installed on the right side of bracing piece.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. this prevention and cure method of grassland harmful organism, at first prevent excessive grazing through the reasonable management and control to grassland pastoral area, specifically adopt pastoral area to divide and the method of grazing in turn, change grazing turf in turn, improve the life-span that the grass was planted in the pastoral area through planting resistant pasture of trampling, simultaneously through the make full use of to cattle and sheep fecaluria, can form the virtuous circle, be good to the pastoral area, thereby realize the reasonable grazing and the virtuous circle in pastoral area, the maximum control harmful plant eupatorium adenophorum, the growth of native rhubarb and chinese wolfsbane flower.
2. This prevention and cure method of grassland harmful organism, in the pasturing area of good circulation, promote this kill and shovel all-in-one to come to clearing up harmful plant, drive the arc spiller through the motor and shovel the harmful plant, through rotatory arc, can spray the liquid medicine around the plant, the high efficiency is killed harmful plant, in addition, the root of plant is fully soaked in the liquid medicine downward flow, reaches and shovels fast and kills the effect of spouting the medicine to eupatorium adenophorum, native rhubarb and radix euphorbiae lantu flower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the killing and shoveling all-in-one machine of the present invention during spraying;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the killing and shoveling integrated machine of the present invention for shoveling plants;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front sectional view of a cross table and an arc-shaped plate of the killing and shoveling all-in-one machine of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a semicircular ring.
In the figure: 1 killing and shoveling all-in-one, 2 bases, 3 rolling wheels, 4 vertical threaded rods, 5 transverse tables, 6 liquid medicine boxes, 7 motors, 8 driving pipes, 9 arc-shaped plates, 10 rectangular holes, 11 rectangular rods, 12 semicircular rings, 13 small-sized water pumps, 14 conveying channels, 15 liquid inlet holes, 16 liquid outlet holes, 17 connecting hoses, 18 water outlet holes, 19 adjusting nuts, 20 arc-shaped shoveling knives, 21 braking jackscrews, 22 supporting rods, 23 sun-shading top plates, 24 solar photovoltaic panels, 25 storage batteries and 26 pushing hand rods.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
A method of controlling grassland pests, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: managing a grazing area, reasonably dividing a plurality of alternately grazing areas, and making an alternate period, wherein the alternate period ranges from 20 days to 30 days;
when cattle and sheep in the pasturing area excessively eat pasture, the area of the stem leaves of the pasture is continuously reduced, and the growth and development are hindered. In addition, the roots and stems of pasture grass are interdependent, and excessive pasturing can damage the root system of the pasture grass, eventually leading to the pasture grass withering and dying or stopping growing.
Once excessive grazing occurs, the harmful organisms such as eupatorium adenophorum, rheum officinale and radix euphorbiae ebracteolatae flowers grow too often, more moisture and nutrients are obtained, so that the excessive grazing reproduction affects the grassy environment, and finally desertification is caused.
The second step is that: grass supplement and fertilizer distribution are carried out, trampling-resistant pasture is supplemented aiming at a grazing area, cattle and sheep excrement is evenly paved, the destructive power of iron hoofs of cattle and sheep on the pasture and soil can be quite serious, and particularly, the nest and hoof injury formed by grazing when the pasture is soft after rain cannot be made up by a method at all. Most of the pastures die when trampling for 2-3 times. For the continued development of pasture in pasturing areas, we can choose to replant some of the more trampling-resistant grasses, such as plantain, dandelion, white clover, etc.
A proper amount of cattle and sheep fecaluria is an excellent fertilizer for the growth and development of pasture, so a virtuous circle can be formed, the pasture pasturing is beneficial to pasturing, but the consequence caused by excessive pasturing is that the cattle and sheep discharge excessive fecaluria, which can seriously pollute the pasture on the pasture and influence the feed intake of the cattle and sheep. Therefore, fertilizer distributing operation is required.
And when the herd produces less fertilizer, a portion of the artificial fertilizer needs to be supplemented to promote grass growth.
The third step: managing time of a grazing season, determining the time for stopping grazing, stopping grazing one month before the growth season of the pasture is finished, determining the time for starting grazing, and germinating the pasture in early spring for 25 days; through confirming grazing start time, prevent too early grazing, ensure the growth of forage grass, confirm grazing stop time in addition, can prevent again that the herd from gnawing the forage grass excessively, avoid the forage grass to produce the large tracts of land and die when overwintering.
The fourth step: the management and control is administered to harmful grass, adopts to kill and shovel off all-in-one 1 and come to disinfect and shovel off harmful weeds in the pasturing area, and can graze once more after the 2 cycle in turn of interval at least behind the weeding operation.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the killing and shoveling integrated machine 1 provided by the invention comprises a base 2, a rolling wheel 3 is arranged below the base 2, a vertical threaded rod 4 is fixedly connected to the left end of the upper surface of the base 2, a transverse table 5 is sleeved on the top surface of the vertical threaded rod 4, a through hole adaptive to the vertical threaded rod 4 is formed in the surface of the transverse table 5, a liquid medicine box 6 is arranged above the base 2, a motor 7 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the transverse table 5, an output shaft of the motor 7 is fixedly connected with a driving pipe 8, the driving pipe 8 extends to the lower surface of the transverse table 5 and is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped plate 9, a rectangular hole 10 is formed in the side surface of the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate 9, a rectangular rod 11 is inserted into the rectangular hole 10, the left end of the rectangular rod 11 is fixedly connected with a semicircular ring 12, a small water pump 13 is arranged on the upper surface of the liquid medicine box 6, a conveying channel 14 is formed in the transverse table 5, the conveying channel 14 is communicated with the output end of the small water pump 13, a liquid medicine box, a liquid inlet hole 15 is formed in the surface of the driving pipe 8, a plurality of liquid medicine inlet pipe 9 and a plurality of liquid outlet holes 16 are formed in the inner side of the semicircular ring 12, and are communicated with a plurality of inner side of the semicircular ring 12.
During design, the semicircular ring 12 and the connecting hose 17 can be fixedly connected, and then the connecting hose 17 and the arc plate 9 are connected by adopting a joint which is convenient to detach.
The quantity of the rolling wheels 3 is at least four, the four rolling wheels 3 are distributed at four corners of the lower surface of the base 2, and the four rolling wheels 3 are arranged, so that the whole machine body can move conveniently.
The surface threaded connection of vertical threaded rod 4 has two adjusting nut 19, and two adjusting nut 19 are located the upper and lower both sides of crosspiece 5 respectively, and adjusting nut 19's diameter is greater than the diameter of the through-hole on crosspiece 5 surface, can adjust the height of crosspiece 5 through adjusting two adjusting nut 19's height to the height of adaptation purple stem eupatorium, native rhubarb and radix euphorbiae lantu flower.
When not in use, the machine body can be used for generating power, is connected with other electrical appliances, and supplies power for the other electrical appliances by using the storage battery 25, thereby bringing convenience for pasturing life in grasslands.
The left end of the rectangular rod 11 is fixedly connected with an arc scraper knife 20, the bottom end surface of the arc plate 9 is in threaded connection with a braking jackscrew 21, and the braking jackscrew 21 extends to the inside of the rectangular hole 10 and abuts against the rectangular rod 11.
Example 1
Adopt killing and shovel all-in-one 1 to go on killing the processing to the pest that needs to spout medicine and kill, refer to figure 1, during the operation, at first the inside of liquid medicine case 6 is filled into with the killing that will be equipped with, then it is inside to start small-size water pump 13 and carry the conveying passageway 14 in the horizontal platform 5 with liquid medicine, then liquid medicine passes through feed liquor hole 15 and drive tube 8, enter into the inside of arc 9, finally through the play liquid hole 16 on arc 9 surface, spout to harmful plant, meanwhile, here, the inside that the liquid medicine that is located arc 9 inside enters into semicircle ring 12 through coupling hose 17, semicircle ring 12 cover is established in the bottom of plant, liquid medicine from the top down, carry out the high efficiency around the plant and spray, the effect of quick high efficiency killing has.
Example 2
Adopt killing and shoveling all-in-one 1 to carry out the processing of shoveling to the pest that needs to be shoveled, refer to fig. 2, during the operation, at first with arc spiller 20 with arc 9 be connected, tighten braking jackscrew 21, then add two adjusting nut 19, make spiller and ground contact, go deep into soil, start motor 7 afterwards, make arc spiller 20 surround the plant motion can, whole shovel in-process, only need the staff hold up pushing handle pole 26 can to it is high-efficient convenient.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of controlling grassland pests, comprising the steps of:
s1, managing grazing areas: reasonably dividing a plurality of alternately grazing areas, and making an alternate period, wherein the alternate period ranges from 20 days to 30 days;
s2, supplementing grass and dividing fertilizer: supplementing trampling-resistant pasture aiming at a grazing area, and uniformly spreading cattle and sheep manure;
s3, time management in grazing seasons: determining the grazing stopping time, stopping grazing one month before the pasture growing season is over, determining the grazing starting time, and germinating 25 days in early spring for the pasture;
s4, harmful grass treatment and control: the integrated killing and shoveling machine (1) is adopted to disinfect and shovel harmful weeds in a grazing area, and grazing can be carried out again after at least 2 alternate periods of weeding operation;
the killing and shoveling integrated machine (1) comprises a base (2), a rolling wheel (3) is arranged below the base (2), a vertical threaded rod (4) is fixedly connected to the left end of the upper surface of the base (2), a transverse table (5) is sleeved on the top end surface of the vertical threaded rod (4), a through hole matched with the vertical threaded rod (4) is formed in the surface of the transverse table (5), a liquid medicine box (6) is arranged above the base (2), a motor (7) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the transverse table (5), a driving pipe (8) is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor (7), the driving pipe (8) extends to the lower surface of the transverse table (5) and is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped plate (9), a rectangular hole (10) is formed in the side surface of the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate (9), a rectangular rod (11) is inserted into the rectangular hole (10), a semicircular ring (12) is fixedly connected to the left end of the rectangular rod (11), a small water pump (13) is arranged on the upper surface of the liquid medicine box (6), a conveying channel (14) is communicated with the surface of the small water pump (9), and the driving pipe (8) is communicated with the hollow liquid inlet pipe (8), the liquid medicine in the conveying channel (14) enters the arc-shaped plate (9) through the liquid inlet hole (15), the inner arc surface on the left side of the arc-shaped plate (9) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes (16), the left side of the arc-shaped plate (9) is communicated with the inside of the semicircular ring (12) through a connecting hose (17), and the inner arc surface of the semicircular ring (12) is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes (18);
the surface of the vertical threaded rod (4) is in threaded connection with two adjusting nuts (19), the two adjusting nuts (19) are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the transverse table (5), and the diameter of each adjusting nut (19) is larger than that of a through hole in the surface of the transverse table (5);
an arc scraper knife (20) is fixedly connected to the left end of the rectangular rod (11), a braking jackscrew (21) is connected to the bottom end surface of the arc plate (9) in a threaded manner, and the braking jackscrew (21) extends to the inside of the rectangular hole (10) and abuts against the rectangular rod (11);
the solar photovoltaic water heater is characterized in that a supporting rod (22) is arranged above the base (2), a sunshade top plate (23) is arranged at the top of the supporting rod (22), a solar photovoltaic plate (24) is arranged on the upper surface of the sunshade top plate (23), a storage battery (25) is arranged on the upper surface of the base (2), the storage battery (25) is electrically connected with a small water pump (13), the solar photovoltaic plate (24) and a motor (7), and a push handle rod (26) is arranged on the right side of the supporting rod (22).
2. A method of controlling a grassland pest according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trampleresistant forage grass provided in the grass supplementing and fertilizer dividing step S2 is one or more of plantain herb, dandelion and white clover.
3. A method of controlling a grassland pest according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dispersion standard of the cattle and sheep excrement put forward in the grass and fertilizer supplementing and fertilizer dividing step S2 is 50-100g per square meter, and if the excrement of a herd is insufficient, additional fertilizer is supplemented.
4. A method of controlling a grassland pest according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the rolling wheels (3) is at least four, and the four rolling wheels (3) are distributed at four corners of the lower surface of the base (2).
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CN106305029A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-11 | 申茂军 | Natural grassland degradation treatment method |
CN107568193B (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2020-11-10 | 嘉兴市国龙石油化工股份有限公司 | Ground weeding device for oil exploration |
CN210987876U (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-07-14 | 酒泉职业技术学院 | Environment-friendly pesticide sprinkler |
CN113632773B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2022-12-27 | 浏阳市创乐生态农业开发有限公司 | Agricultural spraying device with adjustable spraying range and using method |
CN213549286U (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-06-29 | 赵学富 | Modern agriculture is with weeding except that device |
CN112136795A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 曹灯来 | Plant root insecticidal equipment for garden environmental protection treatment |
AU2020103471A4 (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-01-28 | Sichuan Agricultural University | Grassland disease and insect pest control device |
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