CN114402730A - Method for improving saline-alkali soil by adopting mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants - Google Patents
Method for improving saline-alkali soil by adopting mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN114402730A CN114402730A CN202111262802.6A CN202111262802A CN114402730A CN 114402730 A CN114402730 A CN 114402730A CN 202111262802 A CN202111262802 A CN 202111262802A CN 114402730 A CN114402730 A CN 114402730A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000010520 Canavalia ensiformis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010518 Canavalia gladiata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000275012 Sesbania cannabina Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010726 Vigna sinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000042314 Vigna unguiculata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000522190 Desmodium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000006677 Vicia faba Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000010749 Vicia faba Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000002098 Vicia faba var. major Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000045232 Canavalia ensiformis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000220451 Canavalia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001115039 Ruditapes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000219053 Rumex Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000001547 Tadehagi triquetrum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000277285 Cassia obtusifolia Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000006719 Cassia obtusifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000001723 Entada phaseoloides Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000412329 Stylosanthes hispida Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000201986 Cassia tora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014552 Cassia tora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001504070 Huperzia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000801118 Lepidium Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000991004 Streptocaulon Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015784 hyperosmotic salinity response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007102 metabolic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A method for improving saline-alkali soil by adopting mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants comprises the following steps: deep ploughing soil, refining, field soaking for salt discharge, mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants, daily field management, and harvesting salt-tolerant plants, wherein the salt-tolerant plants comprise creeping plants such as cowpea, sea sword bean, broad bean, sword bean, and flat-support peanut, and also comprise upright (or shrub) plants such as Desmodium nodosum, Cassia obtusifolia, sesbania sessilifolia, and chainbean; performing routine daily management in the planting process; wherein a drainage groove is arranged in the salt removing process of the field soaking, and a net-shaped structure is laid in the drainage groove; the advantages are as follows: the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants can reduce the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, increase the mutual utilization of rhizobia, effectively improve soil nutrients, improve the stress resistance of the plants and greatly improve the soil quality improvement efficiency of saline-alkali soil; salt is discharged as soon as possible through the drainage channels in the saline-alkali soil vertically and horizontally, and the salt direction is limited through the net structure, so that the pollution to peripheral land and rivers is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of land improvement, in particular to a method for improving saline-alkali land by adopting mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants.
Background
Saline-alkali soil (Saline) is a kind of salt accumulation, and refers to a land where salt contained in the soil affects the normal growth of crops.
The land harms of salinization are as follows: on one hand, the physical and chemical properties of soil are indirectly changed, so that the plants lose good living environment and nutritional conditions; on the other hand, the soil solution directly harms the crop cells and influences the normal absorption and metabolism functions of the crops. The method has the advantages of physical improvement, chemical improvement and biological improvement in the market, wherein the physical improvement method is large in engineering quantity, serious in consumption, relatively poor in effect, good in chemical improvement effect, but easily causes residues of chemical components, the biological improvement method is used for improving the saline-alkali soil through plants, the method is easy to implement, and the economic benefit is obvious.
The invention provides a method for improving saline-alkali soil by adopting mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants, which solves the technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
A method for improving saline-alkali soil by adopting mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants comprises the following steps of deep ploughing and refining soil: deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil for 30 to 40 centimeters, and then thinning soil blocks of a deep ploughing layer;
improvement of field soaking: irrigating water into the soil, wherein the water level of the irrigation water is higher than that of the soil layer, discharging the water after 2-3 days, detecting salt grain crystals on the surface of the soil layer, and soaking the soil for multiple times after the salt grain crystals exceed a set concentration;
mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants;
daily management in the field: comprises fertilizing, irrigating and pest control;
harvesting salt-tolerant plants;
the soil deep ploughing, thinning or/and field soaking improvement steps are repeated between adjacent planting and sowing periods.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step of mixed planting of the multiple salt-tolerant plants, the two or more salt-tolerant plants are selected from cowpeas, canavalia glauca, simpleleaf clubmoss herb, stenotropha, desmodium nodosum, panotus peanut, faecia scandens, cassia obtusifolia, sesbania sessilifolia and streptocaulon.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: deep ploughing in the crisscross direction is needed in the soil deep ploughing process.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: the saline-alkali soil is provided with grid-shaped drainage grooves, and the salt-tolerant plants are planted in rectangular furrows separated by the grid-shaped drainage grooves.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: different salt-tolerant plants are planted in adjacent rectangular furrows.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: the positions of the drainage channels in the saline-alkali soil in the adjacent sowing periods are not overlapped. The position of the drainage groove is changed continuously, so that the improvement uniformity of the whole saline-alkali soil can be ensured, and the integral improvement of the soil can be realized.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: applying bacterial manure in the daily field management process, wherein the bacterial manure comprises azotobacter powder and phosphorus fixing bacteria powder.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the plants are creeping plants, ridges are arranged in the rectangular bed.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the mixed planting step of multiple salt-tolerant plants, more than two kinds of salt-tolerant plants in cowpeas, sea sword beans, broad bean, narrow sword beans and flat support peanuts are mixed, or more than two kinds of salt-tolerant plants including Desmodium ruditapes, double-pod cassia, sesbania, chain pod beans and pig dung beans are mixed, wherein the deciduous layer of the creeping plants or the creeping plants are not harvested and directly buried in the soil layer to form humus as one of main humus sources of the soil of the saline-alkali soil. The creeping plants and the vertical plants (or shrubs) can be separately mixed or alternately mixed, and the creeping vegetation and the vertical plants (or shrubs) are alternately mixed in adjacent planting periods, so that the illumination intensity required by the growth of the plants in the saline-alkali soil can be ensured, and the normal growth of the plants can not be influenced by shading after the plants are well managed.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: the drainage tank is internally paved with a multi-layer net structure, the net structure is taken out and treated in a centralized mode after drainage is completed every time, sampling is carried out from the net structure of the drainage tank at different positions every time, salt crystal grain content is detected after drying, and the net structure needs to be cleaned before use to remove adhered salt grains. After the water is evaporated to dryness, more salt is often deposited in the net structure, so that the salt content of the soil can be detected on one hand, and on the other hand, the salt content can be reduced and discharged to nearby lands and lakes along with running water, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, and the later-stage centralized treatment is facilitated.
Preferably, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: the salt-tolerant plant is germplasm collected by seaside and subjected to salt tolerance screening.
The advantages are as follows:
in the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants, the saline-alkali soil is improved by a biological method through the respective mixed planting of various halophytes, vertical plants (or shrubs), and the method is simple and easy to implement; the mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants can reduce the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, increase the mutual utilization of rhizobia, effectively improve soil nutrients, improve the stress resistance of the plants and greatly improve the soil quality improvement efficiency of saline-alkali soil; salt is discharged as soon as possible through the drainage channels in the saline-alkali soil vertically and horizontally, the going direction of partial salt is limited through the net structure, and the pollution to peripheral land and rivers is avoided.
The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the invention.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation case is as follows:
a method for improving saline-alkali soil by adopting mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants comprises the following steps,
deep ploughing and refining of soil: deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil for 35 centimeters, and thinning soil blocks in a deep ploughing layer;
improvement of field soaking: irrigating water into the soil, wherein the water level of the water is higher than that of the soil layer, discharging the water after 2 days, detecting salt particle crystallization on the surface of the soil layer, and soaking the soil for multiple times after the salt particle crystallization exceeds a set concentration;
mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants;
daily management in the field: comprises fertilizing, irrigating and pest control;
harvesting salt-tolerant plants;
the steps of deep ploughing and thinning soil and the step of improving field soaking are repeated between adjacent planting and sowing periods.
Deep ploughing in the crisscross direction is needed in the soil deep ploughing process.
The saline-alkali soil is provided with latticed drainage grooves, and the salt-tolerant plants are planted in rectangular furrows separated by the latticed drainage grooves.
The positions of the drainage channels in the saline-alkali soil in the adjacent sowing periods are not overlapped. The position of the drainage groove is constantly changed, so that the improvement uniformity of the whole saline-alkali soil can be ensured, and the integral improvement of the soil can be realized.
Applying bacterial manure in the daily field management process, wherein the bacterial manure comprises azotobacter powder and phosphorus fixing bacteria powder.
Furthermore, when the salt-tolerant plants are creeping plants, ridges are arranged in the rectangular bed.
Furthermore, a multi-layer net-shaped structure is laid in the drainage groove, the net-shaped structure is taken out and treated in a centralized mode after drainage is completed every time, samples are taken from the net-shaped structure of the drainage groove at different positions every time, the content of salt crystal grains is detected after drying, and the net-shaped structure needs to be cleaned before use to remove the adhered salt grains. After the water is evaporated to dryness, more salt is often deposited in the net structure, so that on one hand, the salt content of the soil can be detected, on the other hand, the salt content can be reduced and discharged to nearby lands and lakes along with running water, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the later-stage centralized treatment is facilitated.
EXAMPLE 1 group 1
The salt-tolerant plant is selected from cowpea, sea sword;
experimental group 2
The salt-tolerant plant is selected from semen Vignae Cylindricae and semen Canavaliae;
experimental group 3
The salt-tolerant plant is selected from the narrow-leaved bean;
experimental group 4
The salt tolerant plant is selected from Desmodium nodosum and Cassia tora;
experimental group 5
The salt-tolerant plant is selected from sesbania, and Lepidium Membrananum;
experimental group 6
The salt-tolerant plant is selected from the group consisting of legumes;
experimental group 7
Planting salt-tolerant plants selected from green broad beans and narrow-leaved sword beans in the first year, and planting sesbania and pig dung beans in the second year;
two years after planting, sampling and detecting at a position with the depth of 35 cm in the saline-alkali soil, wherein the detection data statistics are shown as the following table I:
table 1-7 shows the content changes of salt, organic matter, alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil before and after improvement
After two years of planting, the detection data of the pH value and the soluble salt concentration (EC) of the experimental land are shown in the following table two:
numerical changes of soil pH and soil EC before and after improvement in Experimental groups 1-7 of Table II
To summarize: when various creeping plants or upright (or shrub) plants are mixed, the salt content of the saline-alkali soil can be effectively reduced, the nutrient content of the saline-alkali soil can be improved, the improvement efficiency of the saline-alkali soil can be improved when various creeping plants and upright (or shrub) plants are alternately planted at intervals, and the improvement effect of the saline-alkali soil is lower when a single kind of creeping plants or upright (or shrub) plants are planted.
The hot grinding stylosanthes guianensis No. 2 is planted in the soil before and after the improvement of the experimental groups 1 to 7, the stylosanthes guianensis No. 2 is mowed for 4 times a year, and the acre yield statistics of the stylosanthes guianensis No. 2 are shown in the third table (the data in the third table are the converted acre yields, and the actual experimental area is small):
data statistics of annual yield of improved pasture in experimental groups 1-7 in Table III
From the third table, the acre yield difference of the heat ground stylosanthes guianensis No. 2 in the soil before and after the improvement of the experimental land is large, the yield of the heat ground stylosanthes guianensis No. 2 in the improved soil is greatly improved, the salt content in the improved soil is greatly reduced, the nutrient content of N and the like is greatly improved, the yield of the Russian forage grass is obviously improved, and the experimental result of the acre yield in the experimental groups 1-7 corresponds to the saline-alkali land improvement efficiency corresponding to the first table and the second table.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving saline-alkali soil by adopting mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: the steps are as follows,
deep ploughing and refining of soil: deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil for 30 to 40 centimeters, and then thinning soil blocks of a deep ploughing layer;
improvement of field soaking: irrigating water into the land, wherein the water level of the irrigation water is higher than that of the soil layer, discharging the water after 2-3 days, detecting salt grain crystals on the surface of the soil layer, and soaking the land for multiple times after the salt grain crystals exceed a set concentration;
mixed planting of various salt-tolerant plants;
daily management in the field: comprises fertilizing, irrigating and pest control;
harvesting salt-tolerant plants;
the soil deep ploughing, thinning or/and field soaking improvement steps are repeated between adjacent planting and sowing periods.
2. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step of mixed planting of the multiple salt-tolerant plants, the two or more salt-tolerant plants are selected from cowpeas, canavalia glauca, rumex crispa, jack beans, desmodium triquetrum, panopetalum pratense, cassiae biflorus, sesbania sessilifolia and chainpod beans.
3. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: deep ploughing in the crisscross direction is needed in the soil deep ploughing process.
4. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: a latticed drainage groove is formed in the saline-alkali soil, and plants are planted in rectangular furrows separated by the latticed drainage groove.
5. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: different salt-tolerant plants are planted in adjacent rectangular furrows.
6. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the positions of the drainage channels in the saline-alkali soil in the adjacent sowing periods are not overlapped.
7. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: and applying bacterial fertilizer in the daily management process of the field, wherein the bacterial fertilizer comprises salt-tolerant rhizobium inoculant.
8. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: when the plants are creeping plants, ridges are arranged in the rectangular bed.
9. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 2, which comprises the following steps: in the mixed planting step of various plants, more than two plants of cowpeas, sea sword beans, broad bean, narrow sword beans and flat support peanuts are mixed, or more than two plants of Desmodium ruditapes, double-pod cassia seeds, sesbania, chain pod beans and pig dung beans are mixed, wherein the deciduous layer of the creeping plants or the creeping plants are not reaped and are directly buried in the soil layer to form humus.
10. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by mixed planting of multiple salt-tolerant plants according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drainage groove is internally paved with a multi-layer net structure, the net structure is taken out and treated in a centralized way after drainage is completed every time, sampling is carried out from the net structure of the drainage groove at different positions every time, the content of salt crystal grains is detected after drying, and the net structure needs to be cleaned before use to remove the adhered salt grains.
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